Systemic Antibiotherapy Research Articles

Visual Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Traumatic Endophthalmitis Treated by Pars Plana Vitrectomy: 11 Years Retrospective Analysis.

To evaluate the visual outcome of traumatic endophthalmitis and describe the risk factors associated with poor visual acuity and retinal detachment (RD) development over an 11-year period. Medical records of 34 patients with traumatic endophthalmitis who underwent PPV over a period of 11 years (1 January 2010-31 December 2020) were reviewed. We extracted details regarding demographic data, initial and final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using a standard Snellen chart, wound and IOFB characteristics, ocular associated lesions, and treatment. The outcome was evaluated according to the final BCVA which was defined as poor < 0.1 or good ≥ 0.1 Results: Endophthalmitis rate was 29.8% in open globe injuries. The mean age was 43.6 ± 16.5 years and the majority of patients were males (32 out of 34, 94.1%). All patients received systemic (moxifloxacin) and intravitreal antibiotherapy. We performed pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in all cases. Poor visual outcome was associated with wound size ≥ 3 mm (p = 0.02), the association of IOFB (p = 0.016), and the development of RD (p = 0.00). The presence of IOFB (p = 0.01) and wound size ≥ 3 mm (p = 0.01) were statistically associated with RD development. After treatment, 47.05% of patients achieved final BCVA ≥ 0.1. Wound size ≥ 3 mm, IOFB and RD were risk factors for poor visual outcomes in traumatic endophthalmitis.

Treatment of perianal abscess in children: spontaneous drainage or incision-drainage?

BackgroundThe aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and compare the treatment methods for perianal abscesses by assessing our treatment experiences.MethodsWe have retrospectively analyzed the records of the children who received perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano treatment between January 2014 and January 2022. Demographic information of the patients, complaints, treatment procedures, abscess recurrence, and development of fistula-in-ano was evaluated. Patients with systemic diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases were excluded from the study.ResultsA total of 312 children (230 boys, 82 girls) were included in the study. The median age was 24.3 ± 18.1 months (1–216). In the first examination, 61 (19.5%) patients had fistula-in-ano and 25 1(80.5%) patients had a perianal abscess. The most common symptoms were erythema in the perianal region, mass, constipation, rectal bleeding, and inability to defecate. Spontaneous drainage was determined in 34.3% (n = 86) of the perianal abscess, and 65.7% (n = 165) of perianal abscesses were treated with incision-drainage without general anesthesia and systemic antibiotherapy. In the follow-up, fistula-in-ano formed in 27 patients who had a perianal abscess. Twenty-four of the patients who developed fistula-in-ano, were seen after spontaneous drainage, and 3 of them were seen after incision drainage. Perianal abscess recurred in 64 patients. Spontaneously drained abscess significantly increased the development of fistula-in-ano (p = 0.001). However, recurrences in a perianal abscess (25.4%) do not increase the fistula-in-ano formation (p > 0.05). In fistula-in-ano treatment, 10 (11.5%) patients were resolved spontaneously, 70 (79.5%) patients were treated with fistulotomy and 8 (9%) patients were treated with fistulectomy.ConclusionTreatment of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano in children is still controversial. According to our results, incision-drainage and antibiotic usage in the treatment of the perianal abscess are the most appropriate treatment to decrease the rate of fistula-in-ano.

Treatment of a full-thickness macular hole and retinal detachment secondary to toxoplasma chorioretinitis that developed shortly after COVID-19: A case report

Although ocular toxoplasmosis is usually a self-limiting infection, it can lead to severe reduction in visual acuity due to intense vitreous inflammation or involvement of posterior segment structures. Depending on the severity of intraocular inflammation, serious complications, including epiretinal membrane or retinal detachment may develop. In this paper, we aim to present a case that complicated by both a full-thickness macular hole and retinal detachment secondary to toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis that developed shortly after the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and discuss our treatment approach. After the patient was diagnosed based on a routine ophthalmological examination, fundus imaging, and serological examination, functional and anatomical recovery was achieved through systemic antibiotherapy and vitreoretinal surgery. Full-thickness macular hole and retinal detachment are rare complications of ocular toxoplasmosis. However, there are only few publications in the literature concerning these complications and their surgical treatment. In this case report, we demonstrated the success of vitreoretinal surgery combined with antibiotic therapy on the posterior segment complications of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Long-term results of conservative treatment of pacemaker pocket site infections.

The increasing frequency of cardiac device use has led to an increase in complication rates. The standard treatment for cardiac device-related infections is removal of the entire pacemaker system and reimplantation from the contralateral side after systemic antibiotherapy. The efficacy of various conservative treatments has been established for many years, but there is conflicting information in the literature regarding long-term efficacy. Our study investigated the long-term efficacy of conservative treatment in patients with pacemaker pocket site infection. In this retrospective study, according to the exclusion criteria, 132 patients were included. Patients were divided into conservative and standard treatment groups. Conservative treatment was considered to be opening the pacemaker pocket capsule, removing all infected and necrotic tissue, cleaning the capsule, and embedding the battery in the prepectoral region in the subpectoral muscle region. The follow-up time was 36 ±12.96 months in the conservative treatment group and 39.6 ±10.8 months in the standard treatment group. During this period, no re-infection at the pacemaker pocket site was observed in either group. Examination of the swab cultures of the patients' pacemaker wounds revealed negative culture results in 15 patients (15 out of 60) in the conservative treatment group. In the standard treatment group, 60 patients (60 out of 72) were culture-negative. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.04). After a rigorous evaluation, conservative treatment is considered effective and safe in the long term in patients with device pocket site infection.

Bortezomib-Induced Blepharitis: a Case Report

Introduction: Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma, and has known manageable toxicities. Blepharitis is an inflammatory condition of the eyelid that leads to formation of chalazia both causing visual field disturbance. Bortezomib induced blepharitis has not been well reported in the literature. Case: we present a case of 76 year old lady with multiple myeloma who developed bortezomib-induced blepharitis and chalazia. Patient was successfully treated after topical ocular therapy, systemic antibiotherapy and omission of bortezomib.

New perspectives in the treatment of hard-to-heal wound

Hard-to-heal wounds continue to be a challenge in the everyday surgical practice. Their treatment is time-consuming, expensive and in many cases requires interdisciplinary assessment. Therapy option include properly selected surgical procedures and dressings combined with systemic antibiotherapy. Application of vacuum assisted closure (VAC) facilitates the evacuation of pathological discharge, reduces tissue oedema and eliminates bacterial biofilm. Complementary administration of antibiotics to control chronic infection relies today in most cases on vancomycin, ciprofloxacin or piperacillin with tazobactam, with good clinical effect. 
 An alternative to antibiotics against MRSA, administered at hospitals might be dalbavancin, a new generation lipoglycopeptide, which belongs to the same class as vancomycin. Introduction of dalbavancin and VAC might be an alternative to traditional methods of therapy.

Protocolo de tratamiento de las infecciones de úlceras del pie diabético

Introduction.The treatment of diabetic foot ulcers is based on systemic antibiotherapy and appropriate assessment of the need for concomitant surgery. General measures towards a topical cure and unloading the ulcer, and improving metabolic control of the diabetes are also relevant. These infections are considered to be polymicrobial, the protagonists being staphylococcus and streptococcus rather than Gram negative and anaerobic bacilli, which tend to take on a more important role in the advanced and complicated stages. Treatment.Ideally, antibiotic treatment should target identified pathogens. However, because many of these infections constitute a clinical emergency, it is recommended starting the patient on empirical antibiotherapy, which should be selected according to the most usual epidemiology of each case. Either emergency or elective surgical treatment might be necessary to control and/or cure the infection.

Medical management of a subretinal Klebsiella pneumoniae abscess with excellent visual outcome without performing vitrectomy

To report the case of a Klebsiella pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis (KPEE) of hepatic and urinary origin that was successfully treated with systemic antibiotherapy and 13 intravitreal antibiotics injections without performing a vitrectomy. Case report of a 60-year-old man with a subretinal abscess in the left eye that developed 3 days after initial presentation for K.pneumoniae bacteremia, liver abscess and urinary tract infection. Ophthalmic examination of the left eye showed anterior uveitis and a single subretinal abscess located in mid-peripheral temporal retina. BCVA dropped to 20/50. Follow-up was made with clinical examination and multimodal imaging (SD-OCT, FA, ICGA) with high field photographs. A total of 13 intravitreal injections (IVI) of ceftazidime were performed, and no vitrectomy was required. Ocular signs regressed and prognosis was excellent with 20/20 of final BCVA. KPEE is a rare but severe condition with a typically poor ocular prognosis. When diagnosis is made early, subretinal abscess with partially conserved BCVA could be treated successfully with medical management that includes systemic antibiotics and repeated intravitreal injections without requiring vitrectomy.

Endogenous Brucella endophthalmitis: A case report

Brucellosis may be associated with a wide range of ophthalmic manifestations including endophthalmitis, which is a sight-threatening condition that needs to be rapidly recognized and treated to avoid permanent visual loss. A 26-year-old female with a 6-month history of vision loss in the left eye was treated with high dose systemic corticosteroids and azathioprine with an initial misdiagnosis elsewhere. A dense vitreous haze with opacities at the posterior hyaloid and a wide area of retinochoroiditis led to the diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis at presentation to us. The vitreous sample and blood cultures demonstrated growth of Brucella melitensis. She received 6months of systemic antibiotherapy, which resulted in resolution of inflammation; however, visual acuity remained poor due to irreversible damage. Infectious etiology, including brucellosis in endemic countries, has to be considered in the differential diagnosis before administering immunomodulatory therapy in patients with panuveitis of unknown origin.

Pincer Flap for Reconstruction of Nasal Tip Defects.

Reconstruction of the nasal tip defects is challenging because of variable contours of the region and the unique texture, thickness, color, and limited amount of available skin. There are several well-known local flaps for this purpose. Unfortunately, most of these flaps are suitable for small sized defects up to 2 cm in diameter. In this study, the authors are presenting a new flap for reconstruction of nasal tip and supratip defects larger than 2 cm in diameter. Pincer flap was used for reconstruction of nasal tip defects in 12 patients, between 2011 and 2014. The mean age was 67 (43-88). All patients had a basal cell carcinoma. Defects were located at the central nasal, lateral nasal, and supratip areas. All tumors were excised with safe margins. After the excision, defects were reconstructed with pincer flap in the same session. The mean follow-up period was 11 (6-18) months. There was not any flap loss. Infection and venous congestion was observed in 2 patients but the patient did not require any further surgical intervention, and healed with local and systemic antibiotherapy. No recurrence occurred and the outcome was aesthetically favorable. The authors concluded that pincer flap is reliable and may provide a single-stage reconstruction for the nasal tip defects larger than 2 cm and up to 3 cm in diameter.

The effect of mupirocin- and fusidic acid-nasal packings, placed after septoplasty, on the nasal bacterial profile.

Aim:To examine the effects, after septoplasty, of local antibiotic pomades as an alternative to prophylactic antibiotic use, which is a controversial matter among the otolaryngologists, on nasal flora and bacterial growth.Material and Method:Nasal packings placed after septoplasty surgery to provide septal stabilization and bleeding control pose a risk in terms of infection. In this study, 106 patients, who were examined by comparing mupirocin- and fusidic acid–soaked packings and antibiotic-free packings, were divided into three groups. Nasal cultures were obtained from each patient twice, before the surgery and on the second day immediately after the packings were removed, and the culture results were statistically compared.Results:In the mupirocin group (group 2), postoperative normal flora growth rate was significantly higher than in the fusidic acid group (group 3) and the antibiotic-free group (group 1) (p < 0.024). In the mupirocin group (group 2), the gram-positive growth rate in the postoperative period showed a significant decrease when compared when the preoperative period (p < 0.05) (5.7%). In the fusidic acid group (group 3), the postoperative gram-positive rate showed a significant decrease compared with the preoperative period (p < 0.05). In group 2, the postoperative methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus rate showed a significant decrease than in the preoperative period (2.9%) (p < 0.05). Similarly, in group 3, the postoperative methicillin-resistant S. aureus rate showed a significant decrease compared with that of the preoperative period (11.1%) (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Use of mupirocin- and fusidic acid–soaked nasal packings after septoplasty significantly decreased, especially, postoperative gram-positive bacterial growth in nasal cultures. Although systemic antibiotherapy was not administered, the lack of local and systemic infection findings was an important result that we obtained in terms of clinical use. Usage advantages of mupirocin and fusidic acid soaked packings are an easily applicable, cost-effective, and safe method.

Injectable gellan gum-based nanoparticles-loaded system for the local delivery of vancomycin in osteomyelitis treatment.

Infection spreading in the skeletal system leading to osteomyelitis can be prevented by the prolonged administration of antibiotics in high doses. However systemic antibiotherapy, besides its inconvenience and often low efficacy, provokes numerous side effects. Thus, we formulated a new injectable nanoparticle-loaded system for the local delivery of vancomycin (Vanc) applied in a minimally-invasive way. Vanc was encapsulated in poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NPs) by double-emulsification. The size (258 ± 11 nm), polydispersity index (0.240 ± 0.003) and surface potential (−25.9 ± 0.2 mV) of NPs were determined by dynamic light scattering and capillary electrophoresis measurements. They have a spherical morphology and a smooth topography as observed using atomic force microscopy. Vanc loading and encapsulation efficiencies were 8.8 ± 0.1 and 55.2 ± 0.5 %, respectively, based on fluorescence spectroscopy assays. In order to ensure injectability, NPs were suspended in gellan gum and cross-linked with Ca2+; also a portion of dissolved antibiotic was added to the system. The resulting system was found to be injectable (extrusion force 11.3 ± 1.1 N), reassembled its structure after breaking as shown by rheology tests and ensured required burst release followed by sustained Vanc delivery. The system was cytocompatible with osteoblast-like MG-63 cells (no significant impact on cells’ viability was detected). Growth of Staphylococcus spp. reference strains and also those isolated from osteomyelitic joints was inhibited in contact with the injectable system. As a result we obtained a biocompatible system displaying ease of application (low extrusion force), self-healing ability after disruption, adjustable drug release and antimicrobial properties.

Çocuklarda Primer Kutanoz T- Hücreli Lenfoma: İki Olgu Sunumu

Primary cutaneous lymphomas in children are rare and constitute a heterogeneous group in regard to histological subtype, clinical course and prognosis. Here, we present the clinical characteristics and outcomes of two children with primary cutaneous lymphoma with different histopathologic subtypes. They had been diagnosed as a skin abscess initially but had not responded to systemic antibiotherapy and dressing. After a biopsy and metastatic work up, one patient was diagnosed as primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified, and the other as primary cutaneous CD30 positive ALK negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

UPDATES IN ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY OF BILIARY TRACT INFECTIONS

Introduction. The management of biliary tract infections involves systemic antibiotherapy and a biliary drainage procedure. Current guidelines provide recommendations for empirical antimicrobial therapy in cholangitis but development of multi-drug resistant organisms can make many of these antibiotics ineffective. This study aimed to analyze the microbiology of bile and the susceptibility profiles of organisms identified in patients with extrahepatic cholestatis, with or without a previously placed biliary stent. Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective study including 136 patients with biliary obstruction who were endoscopically drained between June 2014 and March 2015 in Emergency Hospital “Floreasca”, Bucharest. One hundred and four of these patients had no biliary stent in situ (group 1). Thirty-two procedures were performed in patients with at least one biliary stent in place (group 2). Microbiological examination of bile aspirates was performed and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined for the isolated bacteria. Results. One hundred eighteen of 136 analyzed cultures were positive (81% in group 1 vs. 100% in group 2; p&lt;0.05). In both groups, the most frequent pathogens were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp. The most effective antimicrobial agents against Gram-negative bacteria in group 1 and group 2 were imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam. Susceptibilities to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime and fluoroquinolones were significantly lower in group 2. Conclusion. This survey shows that Gram-negative bacteria are the predominant bile pathogens found in patients with cholestatis. Cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam or imipenem can be recommended in biliary infections. Cephalosporins and fluroquinolones should not be used as empirical therapy if a biliary stent is in place.

Treatment of periodontal disease with dental curing light – could it be that simple?

Besides their role in the periodontal attachment loss and subsequent loss of teeth, periodontal pathogens such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans have been associated with systemic diseases.1 Some recently published data2 brings to our attention an interesting approach to treating periodontal disease – the dental halogen or LED curing lamp. The authors showed that strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis cultivated in vitro in planktonic state were almost completely killed after exposure to “blue light” for a duration of 15 (P. gingivalis) to 60 (F. nucleatum) seconds. However, the same study showed that only P. gingivalis strains were susceptible to this phototoxicity while in biofilm state. The authors' conclusion was that the dental halogen curing light was “effective in reducing periodontal pathogens in planktonic state”2 and that this method could be used for the treatment of periodontal disease. These results could be very encouraging, if it weren't for the fact that the periodontal pathogens mainly organize themselves in vivo in the form of biofilm – the main reason why systemic antibiotherapy alone is ineffective in the treatment of periodontal disease. As a recent literature review article3 pointed out, systemic administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole combined with scaling and root planning (SRP) of the teeth yielded better results than SRP alone. However, there isn't a clear opinion on whether the better outcomes for combined SRP and amoxicillin treatment are due to the antimicrobial effects of amoxicillin, or to its role in upregulating cytokine expression, as another study4 has pointed out. To support the theory of Song et al.,2 it would be interesting to determine how many patients undergoing yearly in-office dental bleaching procedures accelerated with LED lamps later develop periodontal disease. The study hypothesis that Song et al.2 propose is very interesting and may be worth pursuing. In my opinion, there is need for further randomized controlled studies to assess the efficacy of this method combined with SRP and systemic antibiotherapy. However, caution is advised. A recent study5 by Yoshida et al. showed that blue light emitted by LED light sources induces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could have adverse effects on human gingival fibroblasts. In the light of this information, one might question whether exposing the gingival sulcus after SRP – a minimally invasive, but nonetheless invasive procedure – to a light source capable of inducing ROS is a good therapeutic choice or not.

Syphilitic vasculitis: Diagnostic challenge

the absence of an infectious focus, normal cervical and dorsal column X-ray, a thoracic abdominal and pelvic CT scan was done which revealed a collection at the left psoas muscle level, as well as other infectious lesions of bronchogenic dissemination versus septic embolus. Transthoracic echocardiogram excluded infectious endocarditis. Due to elevated sedimentation rate (91 mm), normocytic normochromic anemia (Hb 8.7 g/dL, VGM 76 fL), and monoclonal IgG protein spike on protein electrophoresis, a bone biopsy was performed and confirmed multiple myeloma (IgG k). Blood cultures were positive for MRSA. Results: She completed 21 days of Vancomycin, became apyretic, blood cultures were negative and abdominal CT scan control showed resolution of the abscess and of the pulmonary lesions. The patient was sent for hematology–oncology follow-up but declined chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. Conclusions: The primary psoas abscess is a rare entity, with challenging diagnosis and therapy. This is an unusual presentation because of the patient's age and the absence of clinical symptoms. The coexistence of an immunocompromised state, the multiple myeloma, favored the abscess formation. Systemic antibiotherapy was effective in the complete resolution of the lesion.

Hair-Thread Tourniquet Syndrome: Case Report

Hair-thread tourniquet syndrome is a rare but a serious problem characterized by various bodily organs entangled by a strand of hair or some other similar material which causes impairment of drainage of the involved organ, and results in function or organ loss. The first patient was refered to us with fever, irritability and swelling and redness in the right fourth toe. Examination revealed prominent swelling and redness in the right toe with a tight hair tourniquet on the distal phalangeal joint. The hair loop was removed before necrosis has developed, and systemic antibiotherapy was started. The second patient presented with swelling and redness of the right second toe that succesfully recovered after removal of the hair. We have presented these cases in order to point out that hair-thread tourniquet syndrome should be considered in cases referred with similar complaints.

(P2-62) An Infrequent Case of Orthopedic Emergencies – Open Dorsal Dislocation of the Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP) Joint Dislocation

IntroductionReducible open dorsal dislocation of the single finger's PIP joint is an infrequent case of orthopedic emergencies. The severity of this injury may be underestimated. These injuries are associated with long-term complications such as synovitis, stiffness, degenerative arthrosis, septic arthritis, and loss of the digit if suboptimally treated.CaseA 90-year-old male came to the emergency department with an open dorsal PIP dislocation due to a fall on his right hand. There was a transverse skin laceration just proximal to the PIP flexion crease of his small and ring fingers. The condyles of his small finger's proximal phalanx protruded through the wound. X-rays showed a dorsal dislocation of the PIP joint without fracture. There was no neurovascular injury determined. The proximal phalanx was hyperextended slightly with gentle axial traction. After irrigation, the skin wound was closed primarily without repair of damaged structures, and systemic antibiotherapy was performed for a week. The PIP joint was immobilized for three weeks by applying the splint dorsally with the joint in 20 degrees of flexion. Active range of motion exercises were then implemented, and the patient regained full digital flexion with only a 10 degree loss of extension within eight weeks.DiscussionForced hyperextension with axial compression causes a dorsal dislocation of the PIP joint. Dorsal PIP dislocations are more common than volar IP dislocation. Open dorsal dislocation of the PIP joint is an infrequent case of orthopedic emergencies. Such injuries can be treated safely in the emergency department by closed reduction and extensor splinting until a definite treatment plan is made by an orthopedic hand surgeon. The complications must be taken into consideration. Early active motion leads to significantly superior results in the range of motion than static splinting, because prolonged immobilization may result in flexion contracture.

Periodontal treatment to improve glycaemic control in diabetic patients: study protocol of the randomized, controlled DIAPERIO trial

BackgroundPeriodontitis is a common, chronic inflammatory disease caused by gram-negative bacteria leading to destruction of tissues supporting the teeth. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown increased frequency, extent and severity of periodontitis among diabetic adults. More recently, some controlled clinical trials have also suggested that periodontal treatment could improve glycaemic control in diabetic patients. However current evidence does not provide sufficient information on which to confidently base any clinical recommendations. The main objective of this clinical trial is to assess whether periodontal treatment could lead to a decrease in glycated haemoglobin levels in metabolically unbalanced diabetic patients suffering from chronic periodontitis.MethodsThe DIAPERIO trial is an open-label, 13-week follow-up, randomized, controlled trial. The total target sample size is planned at 150 participants, with a balanced (1:1) treatment allocation (immediate treatment vs delayed treatment). Periodontal treatment will include full mouth non-surgical scaling and root planing, systemic antibiotherapy, local antiseptics (chlorhexidine 0.12%) and oral health instructions. The primary outcome will be the difference in change of HbA1c between the two groups after the 13-weeks' follow-up. Secondary outcomes will be the difference in change of fructosamine levels and quality of life between the two groups.DiscussionThe DIAPERIO trial will provide insight into the question of whether periodontal treatment could lead to an improvement in glycaemic control in metabolically unbalanced diabetic patients suffering from periodontitis. The results of this trial will help to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinicians and a draft framework for designing national health policies.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN15334496

Utilisation des collyres antibiotiques fortifiés dans l’endophtalmie

Summary Objective The aim of this study is to discuss the efficiency of the use of topic fortified antibiotic eye drops in the treatment of endophtalmitis in vitrectomised eyes. Observations We report the observation of two patients who developed endophtalmitis after an endo-ocular surgery (vitrectomy). For these patients, topic fortified antibiotic eye drops and systemic antibiotherapy were prescribed. Both patients recovered relatively good vision. Discussion Treatment of postoperative endophtalmitis is still discussed especially for vitrectomised eyes. Fortified antibiotic eye drops may be a solution. Conclusion Fortified antibiotic eye drops can be efficiently used in endophtalmitis postvitrectomy. Other studies are recommended in order to confirm this conclusion.