Synthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles Research Articles

Biogenic Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from flower extract and their Cell Cytotoxic Potential

In order to overcome the negative potential risks of conventional nanoparticles and achieve the goal of human therapeutic uses, sustainable nanoparticles must be synthesized. In this paper, we have created a simple method for producing copper nanoparticles using green chemistry. With the use of Cassia auriculata's floral aqueous extract, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were effectively produced. In a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, sythesized CuNPs detect absorbance at 276 nm, a hallmark of copper nanoparticles. The relevant functional groups involved in lowering and stabilizing CuNPs were found using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. CuNPs shape, crystalline phase, and elemental composition were seen using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis spectroscopy, and other techniques. Moreover, CuNPs' antibacterial and antifungal properties produced good inhibitory action against the pathogens that were put to the test. Furthermore, at low doses, CuNPs had no effect on the cytotoxicity of the cell lines MDCK and Caco-2. CuNPs may thus be turned into nano-drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases and tumour research.

Biogenic Synthesis and Characterisation of Flueggea leucopyrus Willd Leaf Mediated Copper Nanoparticles for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Activities

IntroductionThe chemical synthesis of metal Nanoparticles could be changed into green synthesis if solvents, stabilising agents, and reducing agents are environmentally friendly. Our aims were to synthesise and characterise bioconjugated copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and evaluate their antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. MethodsThis study was made to synthesise CuNPs using Flueggea leucopyrus Willd leaf extract. The produced CuNPs were characterised using UV-visible, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), TEM, EDX, and Zeta-potential analytical methods. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties of CuNPs were screened through disc diffusion methods, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical quenching, and alpha-amylase inhibition assay, respectively. ResultsThe CuNPs are poly-dispersed, spherical, crystalline, and stable with an average particle size of 20 nm. These nanoparticles show antibacterial activity and exhibit the same inhibition zone against S aureus and P aruginosa (13 mm), a strong zone for E faecalis, and no inhibition zone for E coli bacteria. The CuNPs demonstrated dose-dependent sequencing and inhibition activities with an IC50 value of 100.06 ppm and 435.68 ppm, respectively. ConclusionsThis study shows that these poly-disperse CuNPs could act as a bacterial resistance agent, antioxidant, and antidiabetic drug. It concluded that CuNPs made from medicinal plant leaf extract have good inhibitory potential against alpha-amylase, one of the main pharmacological targets for treating type 2 diabetes.

Spectroscopic Study of Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles by Chemical Reduction Method

Well-dispersed and uniform-size preparation of Copper nanoparticles and its X-ray diffraction studies are reported in this paper. A simple and cheapest chemical reduction method with copper sulfate pentahydrate as a main precursor is used for the synthesis of Copper nanoparticles. A wide range of experimental conditions has been adopted in this process and its X-Ray diffraction characterizations have been studied. UV-visible spectroscopic analysis showed the maximum absorption at 295 nm. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the spherical morphology of the synthesized particles. The results confirm copper nanopowder with an average particle size in the range of 30-60 nm.

Chemical and Green Synthesis of Titanium Di Oxide and Copper Nanoparticle using Zingiber officinale extract and Determination of their Antibacterial Activity

Chemical and Green Synthesis of Titanium Di Oxide and Copper Nanoparticle using Zingiber officinale extract and Determination of their Antibacterial Activity

A New Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and Its Application as a Beta-Hematin Inhibitor

To prevent the development of drug resistance and unwanted side effects, nanomaterials have been studied for their potential to inhibit beta-hematin, an important protein for the survival of malaria parasites. The use of nanomaterials as a medication against parasites and mosquito vectors has recently shown promising drug therapeutic strategies. One of the newest areas of interest in nanotechnology and nanoscience is the environmentally friendly production of nanoparticles. Green synthesis to produce metal nanoparticles is the most important strategy to overcome the possible dangers of toxic chemicals for a safe and harmless environment. For this study, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized using Iraqi basil leaf extract, demonstrating its novelty in nanosciences. The formation of CuNPs can be seen visually as a color shift from green to brownish. UV-vis absorption spectra, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance property (SPR) of CuNPs is revealed by UV-vis analysis, which shows a distinctive absorption peak at 420–430 nm, whereas SEM reveals the spherical shape of CuNPs with sizes ranging from 30 to 50 nm.

Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles using Foeniculum Vulgare Seed Extract and Evaluation of their Biological Activities

Abstract: Copper nanoparticles are gaining popularity due to their multifarious properties and use in medicine, industry, and research. An extract of Foeniculum vulgare seed is used to green synthesize copper nanoparticles. The produced NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, X-ray Diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The absorption spectra at 570nm indicated the reduction of copper metal and the effective production of CuNPs. Its absorbance peak at 3345.3cm-1 and 1638.2cm-1 shows the existence of the N-H group and C=C stretching, as well as secondary amines (-NH-). CuNPs with a size range of 84-140nm were found to be spherical in SEM at 50kX magnification. XRD micrograph revealed a face-centered cubic structure with 19.97nm crystalline size. CuNPs showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Salmonella enterica ATCC14028, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, with ZOI ranging from 22 to 39mm. The results of the DPPH assay showed that CuNPs exhibit promising antioxidant properties, with an IC50 of 14.372 µg/ml. CuNPs had IC50 values of 4.341µg/ml for alpha-amylase and 3.37µg/ml for alpha-glucosidase, respectively. The IC50 of CuNPs from fennel seed extract was 4.1µg/ml, showing that CuNPs have anti-hyperlipidemic potential and can be utilized to treat hyperglycemia. This study found that green-synthesized CuNPs have numerous therapeutic applications in the medical and biotechnological domains.

Inhibitory Effects of Biosynthesized Copper Nanoparticles on Biofilm Formation of Proteus mirabilis

This study aimed to explore whether green synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) can function as an anti-biofilm agent produced by P. mirabilis. The nanoparticles were synthesized from cells free extract of P. mirabilis. Characterization of biosynthesized copper nanoparticles was carried out to determine the chemical and physical properties of the product using atomic-force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The hexagonal structure was confirmed by XRD, size range was marked 13-19nm by TEM. FESEM was used to confirm the surface morphology. AFM analysis was used to reveal the roughness and distribution of nanoparticles. UV–visible spectra of the synthesized nanoparticles recorded a maximum peak at 380 nm. Copper nanoparticles showed remarkable biofilm inhibitory effects on wild type strains of multidrug resistant Proteus mirabilis. After incubation for 24 and 48 hours at 37oC with 128 μg/ml sub minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CuO nanoparticles, strong biofilm producer strains showed weak biofilm production. Down regulation changes in LuxS expression using real time PCR technology were detected after treatment with copper nanoparticles of these strains.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles with an Ethanolic Asparagus racemosus Root Extract: Environmental Protection Against Blue-Green Algae and its Bactericidal Potential

This study was done to prove the environmental application of copper nanoparticles, particularly theantimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The root extract ofAsparagus racemosus was used to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) via biosynthesis. Cu-NPs were characterizedusing a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electronmicroscopy. The antibacterial activity of Cu-NPs was studied by treating nanoparticles with two bacterial pathogens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The biosynthesized copper nanoparticles displayed satisfactoryantibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens. Antioxidant and antidiabetic assays were performed via the enzymeinhibition property. The biosynthesized Cu-NPs exhibited a satisfactory antifouling function to eradicate algae growth.

Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles with Bioreductor Carica Dieng (Carica pubescens) Seed Extract

Secondary metabolite compounds in plants act as bioreductors in the metal reduction process and complement inorganic reductants. This study studied the characteristics of copper nanoparticles using Carica Dieng (Carica pubescens) seed extract. The synthesis of copper nanoparticles was carried out using the green synthesis method by reducing CuSO4 10 mM with distilled water extract from Carica Dieng (Carica pubescens) seeds. The Synthesis was carried out with the ratio of the composition of the extract and CuSO4 solution 1:3 at pH 10. Nanoparticles were then characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) instruments. The characterization results using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer showed a maximum absorption peak at a wavelength of 535 nm; the wavelength is included in the wavelength range of copper nanoparticles, which ranges from 500-700 nm. The particle size distribution analyzed using PSA shows an average size of 14.49 nm; this size is included in the range of nanoparticle sizes, which is between 1-100 nm, thus proving that nanoparticles have been successfully formed, the Poly Dispersity Index (PDI) value obtained is 0.1943 which indicates that the nanoparticle sample is categorized as homogeneous so that it has uniform size uniformity.

Green Synthesis of Gold and Copper Nanoparticles by Lannea discolor: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity

Green synthesis using plant extracts has emerged as an eco-friendly, clean, and viable alternative to chemical and physical approaches. Herein, the leaf, stem, and root extracts of Lannea discolor were utilized as a reducing and stabilizing agent in synthesizing gold (AuNPs) and copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles. The formation of AuNPs and CuNPs, confirmed by their color change, was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), coupled with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) antibacterial assays. Gold nanoflowers (AuNFs), NPs, and CuNPs peaked at wavelengths of 316, 544, and 564 nm, respectively. TEM showed unexpected nanoflowers (30–97 nm) in the leaf extracts and spherical NPs (10–33 nm; 9.3–37.5) from stem and root extracts, while spherical CuNPs (20–104 nm) were observed from all the extracts. EDX confirmed the presence of metal salts, and FTIR revealed stable capping agents. AuNPs and NFs from L. discolor extracts showed appreciable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) when compared to the plant extracts. At the same time, none was observed from the CuNPs. These AuNPs and CuNPs are particularly appealing in various biomedical and conductivity manufacturing applications due to their shapes and sizes and economical and environmentally friendly production. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the synthesis of gold and copper nanoparticles from L. discolor.

Green synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and composites (CuC) using the Echinochloa pyramidalis extract and their application in the remediation of PAHsin water

Abstract In this study, we synthesized copper nanoparticles and nanocomposites (i.e. copper-based) using different parts of Echinochloa pyramidalis plant. The products were applied to remove seven types of PAHs identified in bitumen seepage water through adsorption. Phytochemical screening of the plant indicated phenol, tannin and saponins, which supported their ability to convert CuSO4·5H2SO4 to copper nanoparticles. Nanocomposites were also produced from the nanoparticles obtained from the respective parts of the plant. They were characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer -Emmett -Teller (BET), Fourier transformed infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), ulraviolet visible spectrophotometer (UV), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). We observed pore size characteristics describing microporous and mesoporous dimensions for the nanoparticles and the corresponding composites, respectively. Based on UV-visible analysis, bandgaps ranging from 3.16 to 3.40 eV were observed for the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles from the leaf, stem and root showed average crystallite sizes of 0.1623, 0.1582 and 0.2145 nm, respectively, and showed comparative d-spacing parameters. The root-, stem- and leaf-based nanoparticles exhibited adsorption removal efficiencies ranging from 74.32 to 81.70, 74.28 to 83.45 and 76.34 to 83.98%, respectively. However, the nanocomposites of the leaf, stem and root showed better efficiencies defined by the following ranges: 79.93–83.86, 79.16–83.49 and 83.23–84.01%, respectively.

Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles with Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Extract as a Bio-Reductor and Their Analysis Using a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer

Nanotechnology is a branch of science that investigates materials on a scale of 1-100 nanometers. One method that is often used to create copper nanoparticles is biosynthesis using plant extracts because it is more environmentally friendly, does not use toxic reagents and solvents and the process is simpler. Dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) has potential as a reducing agent for metal compounds because it contains phenolic and carboxylic groups. This study aimed to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) using a bio-reductor in the form of dragon fruit extract with various volume variations of CuSO4, pH variations, and stirring time variations. Red dragon fruit extraction was carried out by the maceration method to obtain extracts from dragon fruit, which were then used as a Cu metal-reducing agent. The resulting Cu nanoparticles were characterized using a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Based on the data, the highest absorbance value was obtained from the most volume of CuSO4, namely 2 mL with an absorbance peak at a wavelength of 700-750 nm. The optimum pH was obtained at pH 6 with a peak absorbance at a wavelength of 750 nm. The most effective time to obtain the absorbance peak at a wavelength of 700 nm was 15 min.

Synthesis of promising copper nanoparticles utilizing biocontrol agents, <i>Trichoderma virens</i> and <i>Chaetomium globosum</i>

The pursuit of creating safe and efficient pesticides remains an ongoing aspiration. Recently, the potential efficacy of metal nanoparticles against diverse phytopathogens has come to light. Commonly used methods, viz. chemical and physical means of nanoparticle synthesis are associated with a range of drawbacks. Fortunately, the biological synthesis method ensures safe and non-toxic nanoparticles. The present study was carried out during 2022–23 at ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, which documented the successful synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) utilizing the supernatant of potent fungal biocontrol agents, viz. Trichoderma virens and Chaetomium globosum. The reduction in the size of copper was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The change in colour of the reaction mixture confirmed the reduction in the size of particles. Characterization using TEM measured spherical CuNPs of the size range 8 to 100 nm depending on the CuSO4 concentration used. Furthermore, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) unveiled the presence of several functional groups that plays pivotal role in reducing and stabilizing particle size. The in vitro assay conclusively demonstrated the effectiveness of biosynthesized CuNPs, with significant inhibition at a concentration of 10 µg/ml in the case of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria and at 50 µg/ml in the case of Enterobacter cloacae. Our study marks the first instance of synthesizing CuNPs through the utilization of two aforesaid fungal species holding significant promise for antibacterial applications.

Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Sargassum spp. for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2.

This study presents a green method of producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using aqueous extracts from Sargassum spp. as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents. The CuNPs created using this algae-based method are not hazardous, they are eco-friendly, and less toxic than their chemically synthesized counterparts. The XRD characterization of the CuNPs revealed the presence of Cu and CuO, with a crystallite size ranging from 13 to 17 nm. Following this, the CuNPs were supported onto a carbon substrate, also derived from Sargassum spp. (biochar CSKPH). The CuNPs in biochar (CuNPs-CSKPH) did not appear in the XRD diffractograms, but the SEM-EDS results showed that they accounted for 36 % of the copper weight. The voltamperometric study of CuNps-CSKPH in acid media validated the presence of Cu and the amount was determined to be 2.58 μg. The catalytic activity of CuNPs-CSKPH was analyzed for the electrochemical reduction of CO2. The use of Sargassum spp. has great potential to tackle two environmental problems simultaneously, by using it as raw material for the synthesis of activated biochar as support, as well as the synthesis of CuNPs, and secondly, by using it as a sustainable material for the electrochemical conversion of CO2.

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Copper Nanoparticles from the Roots Extract of Piliostigma Reticulata Fabaceae

Nanotechnology is a fast-growing area in science which is an interdisciplinary field of both science and technology. In this study, the Roots extracts of Piliostigma reticulata were used for the green synthesis of Copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) from copper Sulphate solution. Green synthesized metallic nanoparticles were characterized by UV– visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrophotometer (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Using the Debye Scherrer formula, the average crystalline size of CuNPs was calculated as 51.0nm respectively. The UV–Vis spectroscopy results showed Surface Plasmon Resonance peaks at 500nm respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was measured to identify the possible functional group of the biomolecules in the extract that act as reducing and capping agents of the nanoparticles. SEM analysis describes surface morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles which were roughly spherical in shape. The synthesized Nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and the highest antibacterial activity was found in Cu-NPS compared plant root extract.

Synthesis of copper nanoparticles with the antioxidative properties of Tabebuia rosea (Linn.) extract

Synthesis of copper nanoparticles with the antioxidative properties of Tabebuia rosea (Linn.) extract

Synthesis of copper nanoparticles by a sonication-mediated method using Malpighia glabra fruit extract and their applications.

This study introduces an environmentally friendly technique for copper nanoparticle synthesis utilizing Malpighia glabra fruit extract under the sonication treatment. The synthesis process and phenol red removal were optimized by a central composite full and response surface design. Highly pure and spherical-shaped copper nanoparticles with an average size of 22.5 nm were formed using 7.4 mL of Malpighia glabra fruit extract and 21.9 mM (AcO)2Cu. Additionally, the extract-mediated nanoparticles opposed the negative charges with a zeta potential of -11.8 mV and high stability of 30 days storage time. The sonication-assisted nanoparticles exhibited the highest inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), MCF7 human breast cancer cells, and Fusarium solani with 50% inhibition concentrations reaching 12, 0.82, and 80 ppm, respectively. Additionally, the green-synthesized nanomaterials functioned as an effective catalyst to remove phenol red. A conversion of 97% after a 540 seconds reaction was determined on 10 ppm phenol red with the presence of 21.5 ppm copper nanoparticles and 51.8 mM NaBH4. This research highlights the potential of Malpighia glabra fruit extract in the sustainable production of copper nanoparticles, with promising applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation.

Traditional and green approaches to the synthesis of copper-containing nanoparticles using chemical reduction

The problem of obtaining copper-containing nanoparticles by chemical reduction has been studied. A comparison is made of traditional and “green” approaches to synthesis. The experimental data obtained during the synthesis of copper nanoparticles in the presence of a polymer stabilizer (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and a reducing agent (tert-butylamine-borane), as well as literature data on the synthesis of nanoparticles using plant and conditionally “green” substances (glucose, extracts of Ocimum sanctum and Celastrus paniculatus leaves, Sarcostemma acidum stem). The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are identified and discussed. It is noted that the industrial applicability of “green” methods is limited due to the need to create completely new production of reagents for synthesis. In addition, the application of green synthesis is difficult due to scalability and standardization issues. Environmental pollution associated with the production of plant extracts also requires additional assessment. It has been established that traditional synthesis methods remain relevant for modern industry, and “green” methods have prospects for use in the distant future.

Engineering copper plasmonic chirality via ligand-induced dissolution for enantioselective recognition of amino acids.

The formation of chiral nanosystems and their subsequent enantioselective interaction with chiral amino acids are vital steps in many biological processes. Due to their potential to mimic biological systems, the synthesis of chiral nanomaterials has garnered significant attention over the years. Despite the emergence of diverse nanomaterials showcasing strong chiral responses, the in-depth understanding of the mechanism of plasmonic chirality in copper nanoparticles and their subsequent application in various fields are least explored. Herein, we demonstrate a facile approach for the synthesis of chiral copper nanoparticles using cysteine as a chiral precursor and capping ligand. Ligand-mediated chiral induction, established through experimental findings and a theoretical model, is ascribed as the major contributor to the origin of plasmonic chirality. The enantioselective recognition of chiral copper nanoparticles towards histidine, an amino acid with vast biological functions, was meticulously investigated by leveraging the strong copper-histidine binding ability. Ligand-induced dissolution, a unique phenomenon in nanoparticle reactions, was identified as the underlying mechanism for the nanoparticle-to-complex conversion. Understanding the mechanism of chiral induction in copper nanoparticles coupled with their enantioselective recognition of biomolecules not only holds promise in biomedical research but also sheds light on their potential as catalysts for asymmetric synthesis.

Biogenic Copper Nanoparticles from Rosemary Leaf Extract of Antibacterial Impact

Rosemary leaf extract (RMLE) was employed for the eco-friendly biogenic synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs@RMLE). The copper nanoparticles CuNPs@RMLE were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy in solid state. The antibacterial effectiveness of CuNPs@RMLE was assessed against Gram-negative strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), as well as Gram-positive strains as Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). It is compared with the corresponding effectiveness exhibited by RMLE and copper(II).