Biogenic Synthesis and Characterisation of Flueggea leucopyrus Willd Leaf Mediated Copper Nanoparticles for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Activities

Abstract

IntroductionThe chemical synthesis of metal Nanoparticles could be changed into green synthesis if solvents, stabilising agents, and reducing agents are environmentally friendly. Our aims were to synthesise and characterise bioconjugated copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and evaluate their antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. MethodsThis study was made to synthesise CuNPs using Flueggea leucopyrus Willd leaf extract. The produced CuNPs were characterised using UV-visible, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), TEM, EDX, and Zeta-potential analytical methods. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties of CuNPs were screened through disc diffusion methods, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical quenching, and alpha-amylase inhibition assay, respectively. ResultsThe CuNPs are poly-dispersed, spherical, crystalline, and stable with an average particle size of 20 nm. These nanoparticles show antibacterial activity and exhibit the same inhibition zone against S aureus and P aruginosa (13 mm), a strong zone for E faecalis, and no inhibition zone for E coli bacteria. The CuNPs demonstrated dose-dependent sequencing and inhibition activities with an IC50 value of 100.06 ppm and 435.68 ppm, respectively. ConclusionsThis study shows that these poly-disperse CuNPs could act as a bacterial resistance agent, antioxidant, and antidiabetic drug. It concluded that CuNPs made from medicinal plant leaf extract have good inhibitory potential against alpha-amylase, one of the main pharmacological targets for treating type 2 diabetes.