Symbolic Form Research Articles

Анализ компромисса между точностью и сложностью идентифицированных моделей динамических систем

One of the rapidly developing areas of the modern control theory is the identification of systems associated with the construction of mathematical models of systems in the form of a set of mathematical relationships that adequately reflect the basic properties of the system. Symbolic regression methods are becoming more and more popular in the problems of structural-parametric identification of systems based on available observations and experimental data, which allow building regression models in the form of codes of mathematical expressions in a symbolic form. Among the known numerical evolutionary methods of symbolic regression, the universally acknowledged “favorite” is the method of genetic programming”, the application of which allows us to describe the search for solving a problem as the construction of a regression model by enumerating various arbitrary superpositions of functions from some predetermined set. In this case, the important indicators determining the quality of identification of the mathematical model of the system are the accuracy and complexity of the identified model. Often, the system model obtained as a result of solving identification problem is not accurate enough or excessively complex. As a result, the solution to the identification problem is inextricably linked to ensuring sufficient accuracy and simplicity of the identified model. In this connection, it is natural to adhere to the principle of balanced identification, which indicates the search for a compromise between the accuracy of reproduction and the measure of complexity of the identified model. The purpose of this paper, which develops the concept of balanced identification, is to analyze the trade-off between the accuracy and complexity of models of dynamic systems identified by genetic programming. In this paper we introduce a functional "accuracy-complexity", which allows us to balance the trade-off between these key indicators of the identified models when solving the identification problem. The effectiveness of the proposed functional is demonstrated on the example of computer identification by genetic programming of a Lorentz dynamical system.

Symbolic Form of Puppets in Character Wayang Golek Purwa Sunda

Symbolic Form of Puppets in Character Wayang Golek Purwa Sunda

Student understanding of eigenvalue equations in quantum mechanics: Symbolic blending and sensemaking analysis

As part of an effort to examine students’ mathematical sensemaking (MSM) in a spins-first quantum mechanics course during the transition from discrete (spin) to continuous (position) systems, students were asked to construct an eigenvalue equation for a one-dimensional position operator. A subset of responses took the general form of an eigenvalue equation written in Dirac notation. Symbolic blending, a combination of symbolic forms and conceptual blending, as well as a categorical framework for MSM, were used in the analysis. The data suggest two different symbolic forms for an eigenvalue equation that share a symbol template but have distinct conceptual schemata: A transformation that reproduces the original and to operate is to act. These symbolic forms, when blended with two sets of contextual knowledge, form the basis of three different interpretations of eigenvalue equations modeled here as conceptual blends. The analysis in this study serves as a novel example of, and preliminary evidence for, student engagement in sensemaking activities in the transition from discrete to continuous systems in a spins-first quantum mechanics course. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Exploring symbolism in Hu Ru Gui by Malaysian Chinese writer Dai Xiaohua among Chinese tertiary students

This article explores English literature teaching, particularly the application of symbolism in a literary work called Hu Ru Gui among Chinese tertiary students majoring in English. Hu Ru Gui is a novel written by a Malaysian Chinese writer, Dai Xiaohua, which then became one of the literature teaching materials used at the tertiary level for Chinese students. This paper discusses the spiritual bloodline themes in the form of symbolism which runs through the whole literature work. The themes range from attitudes towards life and death, the national ridge of defending the motherland’s dignity, and the patriotic values internalized deeply from generation to generation beyond time, location, and culture. A qualitative method was employed in the current study. Purposive sampling was used to select five students to participate in the study. The students were at the advanced level of English language proficiency. An interview protocol was applied as an instrument to collect data from a semi-structured interview. The feedback from the tertiary students was analysed through thematic analysis in the forms of themes, sub-themes, and codes. The research results revealed that the traditional values and patriotic values in the form of symbolism in Hu Ru Gui, the novel rooted in culture are the seeds of the motherland. Wherever and whenever a person goes, the seeds will bloom and inherited. Future research can focus on exploring how the themes, motifs, and symbols within the text resonate with Chinese tertiary students in Malaysia.

Semiotic Mathematics Representation Ability Based on Symbolic in Solving SPLSV Problems in Class VII Students

Mathematical semiotic representation is the ability to analyze and express mathematical ideas or notions of a phenomenon and everyday problem situations into the form of signs, images, symbols, and symbols that represent them and provide meaning and explanation to a package of verbal sign messages. The symbolic stage is the stage where students have understood the symbols and concepts and have ideas that are strongly influenced by language and logic skills and students are able to manipulate symbols or symbols of a particular object. The purpose of this study was to determine the representation of symbolic-based mathematical semiotics in seventh grade students of MTS Al Barokah Ajung Jember on SPLSV material using qualitative descriptive method. The instrument used by researchers in the form of written test questions consisting of two questions tailored to the symbolic representation that has two indicators that use mathematical symbols to solve problems and interpret mathematical symbols. From the results of research that has been done obtained the error of representation on indicators using mathematical symbols to solve the problem of 100% and error of representation on indicators interpreting mathematical symbols of 0%. Several studies have been carried out to explain the mistakes that students make in representation skills. This paper presents the ability of mathematical symbolic semiotic representation of students who are more specific in solving SPLSV problems that can be considered by teachers in designing learning about the ability of mathematical semiotic representation and information for observers of mathematics education.

Politik Kekerabatan dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa di Desa Dolog Huluan Kabupaten Simalungun

Kinship politics is a political strategy that uses family relationships and kinship ties to establish power and strengthen political positions. The kinship in question includes family members, blood relations, marriage relations and extensions such as tribe and clan. This research focuses on the role of kinship in the election of village heads in Dolog Huluan Village. This research uses a qualitative research method with a qualitative descriptive approach which aims to collect, analyze and interpret data in the form of words, actions or symbols in the form of narratives, interviews, observations or documents to produce in-depth knowledge and understanding regarding the role of kinship in the election of heads. village. It is hoped that this research can provide awareness to the public that kinship politics has a negative influence even though in the end kinship politics is valid and acceptable. The results of the analysis reveal that in Dolog Huluan Village there is still kinship politics that occurs during the election of the village head, which essentially has a huge influence on the clan.

ORIGIN AND CONTINUITY OF THE SYMBOLIC FORM BY THE EXAMPLE OF MEMORIAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE YUGOSLAV IDEOLOGY

<p>The work represents a theoretical contribution to the study of the complex semiotics of the forms of the memorial architecture of Yugoslavia, with special insight into the usage and possible continuity of prominent symbolic forms by the example of three notable Yugoslav authors: Ivan Meštrović, Bogdan Bogdanović, Dušan Džamonja. Pointing out the connections of archaic symbols with the memorial architecture of Yugoslavia, the purpose of the work is to identify the potential continuity of the semiotics of the form, but also to indicate the turn of the artistic expression that appears under the influence of the new political context in need of dominant multiculturalism and the aspiration to preserve the multicultural state model.</p>

Strengthening Competitive Advantage for Prospective Young Muslim Entrepreneurship with the SAMARA Finance Concept

Through market entry, young entrepreneurs increase employment opportunities by creating new jobs. Increased productivity of new firms has the most impact on employment in the medium term, as displacement of existing businesses is a major factor. To increase competition in the market and have a competitive advantage, this study aims to look at the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a SAMARA Finance Concept in encouraging competitive advantage for young Muslim entrepreneurs. This research is descriptive qualitative research with literature study techniques that use secondary data obtained through scientific articles and other relevant documents. The data obtained is then analyzed by producing descriptive explanations in the form of words, pictures, and symbols related to the object of research. To strengthen and deepen the discussion, this research also uses the SWOT Analysis Technique approach. SWOT analysis is a way to systematically identify various factors to formulate a strategy. Based on the results of the swot analysis conducted, it can be seen that the position of SAMARA Finance concept in encouraging the competitive advantage of young Muslim entrepreneurs is in the position of Opportunity and Strengths, namely Quadrant 1. This means that the SAMARA Finance concept is a concept that can be applied to young Muslim entrepreneurs, with an Aggressive strategy of utilizing strengths to benefit from opportunities to make the business superior and competitive.

Exploring the Concept of Wahdatul Wujud Ibn Arabi: Potential Solutions for Juvenile Delinquency in Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the concept of Ibn Arabi's wahdatul wujud as a Muslim scientist so that it can become a reference in the world of education to shape the character of students. Then the method used in this research is qualitative with a literature study approach, to describe the results of Ibn Arabi's extraordinary thoughts as a guide in character education, data collection techniques using data collection taken from books, journals and writings related to the research. Next, the data that has been collected is analyzed using text content in the form of words, images, symbols, ideas and themes in the form of messages in SDN Kertamukti III. The research results show that the concept of wahdatul wujud is very helpful in shaping students' character, such as awareness of unity, tolerance and acceptance, personality development, involvement in goodness and development of spiritual awareness. With the concept of wadatul wujud which provides an understanding that the relationship between humans and God is a unity that cannot be separated. Therefore, it is important for teachers to provide the concept of wahdatu wujud in education so that students understand the meaning of existence as a creature and reality in the world which is a manifestation of God Almighty.

Belief as Trust：A Study Based on Religious Philosophy

In religion, when people speak of action, they always mean the body first. Since the body is more or less considered to lack autonomy as the object of the mind, it is further considered to be obedient. The paradox of the priority of the body over the mind is this: if the mind does not acknowledge authority in advance, the actions of the body are unimaginable; But the attachment of the body is always more powerful than the discernment of the mind, and it quickly transforms confessions into obedience to authority. Therefore, Trust is also a synthesis of belief and action at the psychological level, which comes from the instinct of life and the acceptance of the other, and requires both the feeling of the heart and the decision of the mind. Indeed, it is with the participation of faith and belief that trust truly becomes the full act of the subject: one faces the divine without having to go against one’s will and live a forced, false, careful life. Thus, man’s religious practice acquires a real meaning: action is not a condescension or physical habit, and ritual truly communicates the sacred and the mundane in the form of symbols (bodies, objects, time and space, etc.).

Cultural symbols in wall paintings between Iraq and Italy

The research titled (Cultural Symbols in Graffiti art between Iraq and Italy - A Comparative Study) deals with the diversity of cultural symbols, their metaphors, and methods of expressing them for each people and is divided into four chapters. The first represents the methodological framework and includes the research problem, its importance, purpose, limits, and definition of terms. The second includes the theoretical framework and includes three topics: an intellectual introduction to culture and its relationships, the historical and conceptual root of Graffiti art, and the symbolic representations of culture in Graffiti art. The third chapter included research procedures and analysis of its sample, which included three drawings from each country. The researcher concluded a number of results such as.1. Cultural symbols In Iraqi Graffiti art are characterized by specific metaphors and are limited to concrete isolation walls. While in Rome Cultural symbols are subject to a wide field of reference and are spread throughout most of the city’s spaces.2. Most cultural symbols In Iraqi Graffiti art are characterized by iconic shapes and descriptive colors. While in Rome Most of the symbols are written and symbolic forms and conventional colors based on the concept of difference, breaking expectations, and achieving shock.3. Cultural symbols In Iraqi Graffiti art establish decorative formations that perform a recreational function that do not reveal awareness of the cultural role of the system. While in Rome Cultural symbols establish aesthetic formations that perform a cultural expressive function and are aware of the cultural role of the system.Which were discussed and conclusions drawn.

Deterrence icons as status symbols: American forces in NATO’s eastern flank

How can a signal of extended deterrence, such as prepositioning of foreign military forces, signify status for the beneficiaries of the allied deterrence/reassurance chain? This article explores how the manifestation and communication of allied deterrence can concurrently constitute an affectively charged status symbol for the protégé states of this international security practice. It does so on the example of the Baltic states and Poland, probing the presence and functionality of the American forces as a status marker in North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)’s eastern flank states after 2014. Engaging discourse analysis and expert interviews, the article shows (1) how the intersubjectively determined success of deterrence is dependent on historically potent symbols which have become emblematic of extended deterrence and (2) how deterrence icons can simultaneously serve as multifarious status symbols in intra-alliance politics. The self-identification of protégé states as worthy stakes to deter over emerges as an ambivalent status position defined by the shortage of attributes, rather than a function of their tally. The article contributes to the understanding of the symbolic form of (allied) deterrence and the multivocal status value ascribed to the American ‘boots on the ground’.

The cognitive roots of multimodal symbolic forms with an analysis of multimodality in movies

Condillac’s (1754) “Traité des sensations” is the philosophical background of modern discussions on the relationship between perception and multimodal communication. The differences between perception and communication and the transitions between them are discussed with a focus on odor and color. It becomes clear that even at this primary level, the complex interactions of different modalities are the precondition for effective and rich communication. The second part discusses Cassirer’s “Philosophy of Symbolic Forms” as a relevant framework for multimodality studies. Basic aspects are first commented on with a focus on music and visual art. The interaction is even more complex and rich in the case of language; the difficulty of large symbolic forms is mainly due to semantic composition and only to a lesser degree to syntactic concatenation. The first must merge/blend different semantic spaces. It must allow for the plurality of levels of integration from the lexical level, the level of phrases and sentences, up to texts and discourse. The third part focuses on multimodality in film. It treats the representation of movement and action in (film) narratives, the visual perception and representation/communication of movement and action, and the integration of music, moving images, and language.

XAI Human-Machine collaboration applied to network security

Cyber attacking is easier than cyber defending—attackers only need to find one breach, while the defenders must successfully repel all attacks. This research demonstrates how cyber defenders can increase their capabilities by joining forces with eXplainable-AI (XAI) utilizing interactive human-machine collaboration. With a global shortfall of cyber defenders there is a need to amplify their skills using AI. Cyber asymmetries make propositional machine learning techniques impractical. Human reasoning and skill is a key ingredient in defense and must be embedded in the AI framework. For Human-Machine collaboration to work requires that the AI is an ultra-strong machine learner and can explain its models. Unlike Deep Learning, Inductive Logic Programming can communicate what it learns to a human. An empirical study was undertaken using six months of eavesdropped network traffic from an organization generating up-to 562K network events daily. Easier-to-defend devices were identified using a form of the Good-Turing Frequency estimator which is a promising form of volatility measure. A behavioral cloning grammar in explicit symbolic form was then produced from a single device's network activity using the compression algorithm SEQUITUR. A novel visualization was generated to allow defenders to identify network sequences they wish to explain. Interactive Inductive Logic Programming (the XAI) is supplied the network traffic meta data, sophisticated pre-existing cyber security background knowledge, and one recurring sequence of events from a single device to explain. A co-inductive process between the human cyber defender and the XAI where the human is able to understand, then refute and shape the XAI's developing model, to produce a model that conforms with the data as well as the original device designers programming. The acceptable model is in a form that can be deployed as an ongoing active cyber defense.

OP v Commune d’Ans: Another Step in the Wrong Direction for Headscarf-Wearing Women

Abstract This article analyses and criticises the latest Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) case concerning the wearing of Muslim headscarves at work. OP was refused permission to wear a Muslim headscarf at work because her employer, a public authority, had a policy of exclusive neutrality, prohibiting employees from wearing any form of religious clothing or symbols. The CJEU judgment limits the employment opportunities of Muslim women who want to wear headscarves for religious reasons and allows member states and infra-state bodies a margin of discretion to decide whether to ban religious clothing and symbols for all employees, only for employees who come into contact with service users or not to ban such items at all; and, it ignores any possibility of the presence of gender, race or multiple discrimination. Prohibitions on religious clothing and symbols affect especially Muslim women, who are often from a non-European background and thus could amount to gender discrimination, race discrimination and to discrimination on a combination of religion or belief, gender and racial or ethnic origin.

Physics‐constrained symbolic model discovery for polyconvex incompressible hyperelastic materials

AbstractWe present a machine learning framework capable of consistently inferring mathematical expressions of hyperelastic energy functionals for incompressible materials from sparse experimental data and physical laws. To achieve this goal, we propose a polyconvex neural additive model (PNAM) that enables us to express the hyperelastic model in a learnable feature space while enforcing polyconvexity. An upshot of this feature space obtained via the PNAM is that (1) it is spanned by a set of univariate basis functions that can be re‐parametrized with a more complex mathematical form, and (2) the resultant elasticity model is guaranteed to fulfill the polyconvexity, which ensures that the acoustic tensor remains elliptic for any deformation. To further improve the interpretability, we use genetic programming to convert each univariate basis into a compact mathematical expression. The resultant multi‐variable mathematical models obtained from this proposed framework are not only more interpretable but are also proven to fulfill physical laws. By controlling the compactness of the learned symbolic form, the machine learning‐generated mathematical model also requires fewer arithmetic operations than its deep neural network counterparts during deployment. This latter attribute is crucial for scaling large‐scale simulations where the constitutive responses of every integration point must be updated within each incremental time step. We compare our proposed model discovery framework against other state‐of‐the‐art alternatives to assess the robustness and efficiency of the training algorithms and examine the trade‐off between interpretability, accuracy, and precision of the learned symbolic hyperelastic models obtained from different approaches. Our numerical results suggest that our approach extrapolates well outside the training data regime due to the precise incorporation of physics‐based knowledge.

FREE UNDAMPED SPATIAL VIBRATIONS OF A ROBOT FOR PROCESS AUTOMATION IN METALLURGY

This paper presents the results of mechano-mathematical modeling of free undamped spatial vibrations of a robot for process automation in metallurgy.A dynamic model of the robot is made. It is studied as a mechanical system with twelve degrees of freedom, contained by seven rigid bodies.Kinetic and potential energy are derived symbolically by using the kinematics study results. The matrices characterizing the mass-inertial and elastic properties of the mechanical system are obtained. The differential equations that describe the free undamped vibrations are derived. They take into account the geometrical, mass, inertial and elastic characteristics of the mechanical system.A compiled calculation algorithm is entered into a standard mathematical software product. Results are obtained in symbolic and graphical form. The natural frequencies and natural mode of a robot with concrete parameters are determined.Results of the study of free undamped vibrations represent a basis for studying of the free damped and forced vibrations of a robot for process automation in metallurgy.

Travel for women rights: social movements and the construction of travel as activism in social media

ABSTRACT Globalized social movements often require travel, but travel as a symbolic form of transnational activism has only been examined in certain instances. This paper employs the notion of political travel and, through a qualitative content analysis of social media posts during the 2018 pro-choice Irish referendum campaign, it shows how travel can be approached as a form of activism and resistance from a critical feminist angle in the context of a global campaign mediated by social media. Inspired by assemblage theory [De Landa, M. (2016). Assemblage theory. Edinburgh University Press.], our findings show how different elements; people, spaces, objects are assembled to construct the framing and narrative of a social movement that fights for women rights. The individual accounts of travel experiences in social media contributed to the overall ‘aestheticization’ of the social movement. Also, the study offered insights into the meanings that, predominantly female, travellers, assign to their political travel, which are in turn shaped by personal and historical concerns.

The Cosmology of Menoreh Customary Tradition in Indigenous People Perspective

The concept of indigenous peoples is a global concern in local development including by international institutions such as the International Labour Organization. One indicator of indigenous peoples is cosmological knowledge which often incorporates deep connections between the material, spiritual realms and emphasizes the connective interconnectedness between humans and nature. Its development later became an international convention to protect the existence of indigenous peoples. This research uses ethnographic methods to explore the cosmology and memorial story of Menoreh indigenous people who do not recognize the administrative boundaries of the district so that they can perform traditional ceremonies from an indigenous perspective. Menoreh’s landscape illustrates the cosmological relationship between the local market, the Baritan ceremony, and the conservation of spring sacralization, which is a sustainable customary praxis. The ritual element of the cosmological axis of social interaction leads to two concepts. First, the relationship between Menoreh (caretakers as indigenous actors) and pilgrims' actions as visitors becomes an elementary social interaction. Second, the tradition of offerings and memorial of spirits (petilasan) becomes an elementary symbolic form.

Assessment of Fine Motor Development in Early Childhood at TKIT Ar-Rahmah

This study aims to analyze, describe an assessment or assessment of fine motor development in early childhood at IT Ar-Rahmah Kindergarten, Bener Meriah Regency. The subjects in this study were 15 B grade children, 2 teachers and 1 school principal. The research technique uses descriptive qualitative, while the data analysis technique uses observation and interviews, data collection techniques in the form of anecdotal notes, work and portfolios. In research at the IT Ar-Rahmah Kindergarten, the three assessment techniques were used to describe aspects of child development which were arranged in the form of documents and portfolios, teachers also used cameras to photograph and print children's work, and used videos for anecdotal notes. The work done by the child may be brought home to be shown to the parents, then apart from the teacher, the parents can also evaluate the child's fine motor development with the work that is brought. For the final results of the semester, the teacher prepares three forms of assessment, but in TK IT Ar-Rahmah the teacher tends to prefer the assessment in the form of a checklist, namely BB, MB, BSH, BSB as well as giving an assessment in the form of a star symbol. In addition to the three techniques above, the researcher describes several assessment techniques that can be used by teachers such as test and non-test instruments.