Subject-object Relations Research Articles

Contradictory nature of information resources of modern education

Introduction. The article examines the problem of the ambiguous influence of modern information technologies on education. Purpose setting. The authors analyze not only the positive effects of computerization. They also show the problems faced by the subjects of the educational process under the influence of digitalization.Methodology and methods of the study. As the article highlights, uncontrolled information flows prevent the formation of a holistic worldview among students. The dominance of information technologies in education also leads to the transformation of subject-object relations in the process of cognition. The authors investigate the factors that create the basis for structural changes in society. Digital technologies contribute to the activation of the communicative capabilities of representatives of various social groups, but they can also have negative consequences. In the modern world, there is a violation of traditional public relations, which creates conditions for potential conflicts in a certain society. According to the authors, in the information society, similar trends are observed in the relationship between representatives of different generations. Social inequality is also largely exacerbated by the active introduction of the latest information technologies, in particular, in schools. The article proves how the latest information technologies provoke social tension due to the impossibility of providing equal access to all information resources to citizens for all.Results. The role of the teacher is changing significantly, because he often acts as a coordinator. The use of gadgets in the educational process provides an opportunity to get an education at a distance. However, the widespread use of distance technologies leads to a drop in the quality of educational services. This is due to the need to develop new techniques. In addition, the constant updating of information technologies does not allow the teacher to develop a sustainable methodology for teaching his subject.Conclusion. The authors prove that the active use of digital technologies in the information society implies a harmonious combination of traditional and modern information technologies. This fully applies to the modern domestic education system.

Creation of programs for sustainable administration of low-rise housing construction programs in remote areas with special climatic conditions

Objective: The research is aimed at creation of programs for development of low-rise housing construction which are suitable for remote territories with special climatic conditions. They allow intensifying low-rise housing construction and contribute to the development of a natural resource base from local building materials. Methods: Authors used the methodology, which is based on the creation of regional programs for the development of low-rise housing construction (LRC) that aim to solve socio-economic problems through a new organizational and economic mechanism. Results: The procedure for creation of regional programs for development of low-rise housing construction has been developed. At a fundamental level of the created programs there is an organizational and economic mechanism which includes subject-object relations regarding implementation of low-rise housing construction development programs and is aimed at achieving the key outcome – construction of low-rise energy-efficient block-type houses for certain categories of citizens living in remote territories with special climatic conditions. The organizational and economic mechanism is based on taking into account interests of individual groups of subjects which makes it possible to achieve the highest level of efficiency in implementation of regional programs for the development of low-rise housing construction in remote territories with special climatic conditions. Suggestions: The proposed model of the Departmental special-purpose program offers solutions to the problem of providing low-rise housing with a high level of comfort and quality for certain categories of citizens employed in socially significant industries. The procedure developed in the article is recommended to be used by executive and state authorities for the creation of regional programs for the intensification of low-rise housing construction.

‘Having everything, possessing nothing’: archives and archiving in the digital era

The article explores meaning-making by investigating the subject-object relation and human-machine intra-action within the context of archive and archiving practices. It discusses changing relations between humans, machines, and objects in changing technological environments. Entering the digital archive’s cosmos, the subject-object relation transfers the focus on human-machine intra-action. The article examines the thingness of digital objects and the role of search engines in generating data collections as prerequisites for the intelligibility of the entangled parts. In digital flowness, search engines provoke a stasis in the constant movement of information, creating ephemeral collections. Thus, meaning emerges as a temporal pause within the ongoing continuum. The article argues that in the processual continuum of movement-stasis, meaning is a process – always a momentum, always stillborn, thus, intelligible to both the human and the machine. Conceiving meaning as a process within the condition of digital flowness signifies the transcendence of content in favor of processual entanglements between the human and the machine.

Gendered Orientations around Domestic Objects; A Study of Home Truths: Gender, Domestic Objects and Everyday Life

When Daniel Miller asked ‘Why some things matter?’, it became critical to question why they matter differently for various genders. This paper is an attempt to analyze how ‘orientations’ around objects play out differently for the female gender in Sarah Pink’s (2004) Home Truths: Gender, Domestic and Everyday Life. The domestic space of research informants in England and Spain is taken up to explore not only how orientations are different for the female genders, but how they also go on to reinforce gender roles. Thus works of foundational thing theorists like Bill Brown, Bruno Latour and Daniel Miller’s ideas of subject-object relations are critiqued and revealed to be inadequate until gender is factored in. Additionally, the paper also reveals how bodies then purposely attempt to break out of gender roles by molding their subject-object relations. Ultimately, things end up shaping our mind more than we can fathom.

О РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИИ ВИЗУАЛЬНОГО В РУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ (ПРОБЛЕМА ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ И НАУЧНОЙ РЕЦЕПЦИИ)

The article is devoted to one of the current problems of the theory of intermediality - the representation of the visual in Russian literature. The study examines ways in which literary studies and other humanities can overcome the well-known narrow view of the verbal sign and its capabilities, describes scientific events devoted to the problems of visualization of literature, as well as the scientific apparatus developed over the past two decades. Among the most significant techniques of visual poetics are ekphrasis and intradiegesis. The most significant aspects of the visual in various artistic practices are explored: the visual picture of the world (M. Heidegger) and subject-object relations in the process of its contemplation/observation, the concepts of vision/sight/eye and glance, which allow us to distinguish between these phenomena and determine their specificity; various modes and figures of vision are considered, such as the observer, the spy. The modality of the visible, relevant for the modern era, can be traced through the extensive material of works of Russian literature, reflected in the works of domestic and foreign literary scholars, as well as Slavists. The emphasis is on spiritual vision and apophatic ekphrasis. It is predicted that there will be a further increase in interest in the problems of the visual, and an expansion of the scope of research due to the emergence of new technologies and ways of seeing.

The Power of the Face: The Affective Mechanism of Spielberg's Face

The close-up of the face in Spielberg's films becomes the director's unique authorial signature, which has a strong cinematic impact, so why do Spielberg's faces stimulate an affective experience in the audience? The affective mechanism of Spielberg's face is divided into three levels: stimulation of affective experience, role identity, and ethical responsibility, from mild concern to the viewer's empathy for the face of the other, which eventually becomes the basis for moral perception, in addition to the fact that the face of the other reverses the viewing pattern of the subject-object relationship.

The paradigm of patterns with the verb of possession in Ibero-Romance languages based on the corpus data

The article attempts to find out the paradigm of patterns with the verb of possession (tener/ tenir/têr) in Spanish, Catalan and Portuguese using the material of corpus data. It also shows, basing on the criterion of subject-object relations, the possibility of syntactic transformations with other basic verbs following two possible ways: existentiality — stativeness — locativity and activeness — possession. Depending on the semantic characteristics of the names that fill the positions of actants within the configuration of the sentence patterns with the verb of possession with real or fictitious subjects (agents) and objects (patients), four types are distinguished: 1) animate subject — animate object; 2) animate subject — inanimate object; 3) inanimate subject — animate object; 4) inanimate subject — inanimate object. The analysis of the empirical material presented in the article allows us to assert that the role of the verb of possession as the most important structural element in the expression of predicativity in the Ibero-Romance area is very significant. A separate section of the article presents data showing that the features of the functioning of the possession verbs in the Ibero-Romance languages can be explained as a result of interference with the ancient pre-Roman language of the Iberian Peninsula — Basque.

Дополнительное образование детей Хабаровского края в социологическом измерении

This article presents the results of sociological research of directions of supplementary education for children and the assessment of their impact on the personal and career-oriented development of younger generation on the example of the Khabarovsk territory. Supplementary education for children is considered by the authors in the context of the concept of «educational space», which is interpreted as a part of society, with its own system of subject-object relations of the state and the other structures for personal and professional education of children and youth. Analysis of the main scientific approaches to the study of educational space presented in the article gives the authors a reason to use it for sociological research. Empirical results of sociological surveys obtained by the authors and domestic research centers indicate that the all-Russian trend towards increasing the diversity of educational services remains a significant role in their regional location. Based on the data of sociological surveys of parents and children of different age groups, it is shown that the design of an individual children's educational space depends on many objective conditions and subjective factors in terms of the possibilities of the territory and families. The attitudes of parents, available resources and willingness to make efforts for the personal and career-oriented development of children determine the form and content of the regional supplementary educational space to the greatest extent. The authors consider it expedient to improve the state educational policy in direction of ensuring the quality of conditions and accessibility of classes for each child and success of their personal development and career guidance choice, regardless of the place of residence in the Khabarovsk territory.

Reading Advice to Parents about Children’s Sleep: The Political Psychology of a Self-Help Genre

The genre of advice to parents about children’s sleep proliferated between the mid-1980s and the beginning of the twenty-first century. This article reads that genre against itself, as symptomatic of larger political trends—the end of the privilege of the normative mid-century nuclear family and the advent of neoliberal ideology and political economy. Specifically, it argues that this wave of advice reflects an ambivalence about the autonomous individual within neoliberalism versus the need for attachment and the dependence of kinship. Returning to Jessica Benjamin’s object-relations feminism, it shows how the oscillation between methods of sleep training that stress independent sleeping against those that align with attachment parenting reveal the same subject-object relations of power (with concomitant gender roles) that Benjamin outlined as central to domination. By embedding this analysis in its contemporary material conditions of class, race, and gender, the article argues that sleep practices try—and must necessarily fail—to create workers and family members who are both entirely autonomous and mutually supportive. It combines examination of the psychodynamics of family relationships as mutually informed by neoliberal rationality and an established critique of the politics of intensive mothering, with recognition of a post-2008 anxiety distinctive of millennial parenting, to show how children’s sleep has become a part of (gendered) work—a technology of the self—that carries the burden of forming the future citizen worker.

Moving books and sensitive readers

Fiction is understood to have unique qualities that emotionally engage the reader, making it suitable as a didactic tool in medical education to help students prepare for the emotional aspects of their future profession. To date, however, little is known about the processes through which talking about fiction, film or poetry can help medical students to co-construct emotional reactions as affective stances and how that might contribute to their professional development. Using a discursive psychology approach, video recordings from 36 fiction seminars collected from 2016 to 2018 were analysed regarding how affective stances related to reading were constructed by medical students. The findings illustrate how students use subject–object relations to account for affective stances, meaning that they attribute their emotional reaction either to an aspect of the book (object-side explanations), or to personal characteristics (subject-side explanations). The way students enact and account for their affective stances can provide opportunities for tutors to create teachable moments for the students. This study contributes to discursive psychology and reader-response research, as well as medical education research.

FACTITIVE CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN MODERN FRENCH (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NOVEL BY L. SLIMANI «THE COUNTRY OF OTHERS»)

Statement of the problem. Causation is one of the leading ways of expressing subject-object relations, as well as causal relationships in the linguistic and extralinguistic environment. This article discusses the lexical and grammatical category of the causative and the means of its representation in modern French. Particular attention is paid to the study of causative constructions as the leading and most frequent way of updating the causative meaning in French. Results. As part of the study, the semantic classification of the verbs with a causative meaning was studied, including factitive, permissive and assistive types. Due to the thematic conditionality of this work, the semantic features of the causative constructions of the factitive type, presented in the text of the novel by the modern French author L. Slimani «The country of others», in particular its first («War, war, war») and the second part («Watch us dance»). Based on the analysis carried out during the study, 211 constructions with factitive causation were identified in both parts of the novel. It was possible to establish that the construction faire + inf. (to force to do something) is most often used: «War, war, war» – 36%, «Watch us dance» –43%. Also, the construction ordonner de + inf. (to order to do something), the percentage of which was: «War, war, war» – 25%, «Watch us dance» –18%, was also second in frequency of use. Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the opinion of some gallist scientists that faire + inf. is the most frequent example of the expression of factitive causative semantics in French. However, in addition to the named construction with the verb faire, in both parts of the novel the construction with the verb ordonner is repeatedly used.

European conservatism and the study of nature: From sacralization of nature to nihilism

The issue of how we understand nature and operate with it goes beyond the scope of ecology or economics and directly affects the ontological-anthropological foundations of culture. The subject-object model that dominates today claims universal validity, but many thinkers challenge its universality. Representatives of the European continental conservative thought of the 20th - early 21st centuries focus on the already accepted forms of natural knowledge and nature relations, which do not imply the objectification of nature or its reduction to an economic resource. These cultural forms belong to the historical past, which raises the question of the possible return to them by the contemporary man or of their possible return to his life. The article starts with the analysis of the nature-knowledge that dominated, according to the mentioned conservative thinkers, before the modern ‘objectification’ of nature. The author considers two related but non-identical approaches to the ‘traditional’ understanding of nature developed by these thinkers. The first approach claims the ‘sanctification of nature’, i.e., the natural world is not objectified but understood as a single reality that includes the man and has a sacred status. The second approach is represented by the metaphysically oriented conservatists and considers the natural world primarily through its function of symbolizing the transcendent supernatural world. Then the author considers the conservative thinkers’ views on the ‘nihilism’ of the last centuries, which led to the current subjectobject relationship with nature, and focuses on their perception of the Christian understanding of nature. The article concludes with the hypothesis that the recognition of each culture’s ‘right to its own nature’ (the essence of the contemporary cultural pluralism) can help to overcome the universalization of a specific understanding of nature by choosing a different model known to this culture in past epochs.

Wechselseitigkeit (Reciprocity)

Wechselseitigkeit (reciprocality, mutuality) refers to Goethe’s interactive understanding of human and non-human relations. In its attributive inflection wechselseitig, which can be variously rendered as reciprocal, mutual, alternate, interchangeable, or two-way, the concept mediates the inexorable polarities of life. As a vital “force of attraction” (Anziehungskraft) between contrasting phenomena, these Goethean oppositions operate within both nature and the human world, as when the narrator claims in Die Wahlverwandtschaften (1809; Elective Affinities), “[j]ede Anziehung ist wechselseitig” (WA 1.20:282; Every attraction is reciprocal). As in this novel, wechselseitig in Goethe’s theoretical writings configures assemblages of shared feelings, actions, or close relationships between two or more entities. And whether they are inter-subjective or intercultural, these reciprocal interactions typically involve an order of exchange between opposing sides (Seiten) that give of themselves in mutual enhancement or decline. Grounded in change (Wechsel) and linked to such cognate compounds as Wechselspiel (alternate play, fluctuation), Wechselwirkung (reciprocal effect, mutual influence), and Wechselblick (reciprocal gaze), the ascription also at times highlights an ethics of interaction within heterological relations of parity for the purpose of producing intensified or enhanced (gesteigerte) outcomes. Ultimately, the lexeme configures mediations of overlapping and interdependent systems that operate within science, society, and aesthetics, while also illuminating post-Kantian subject-object relations.

The valences of theatrical game in view of the development of the literary-artistic reception competence of preschool children

The article reflects the importance of theatrical play in the development of preschoolers’ literary-artistic reception skills. The theatrical game facilitates the adequate reception of the literary text and contributes to the development of knowledge of artistic images by the preschooler, on the basis of which the understanding of the literary work takes place. By engaging in theater games, children learn the content of the literary work more easily. Thus occurs: artistic knowledge that includes phenomena of the supersensible; the discovery of the emotional-affective nature of reception, the way of reflecting the external and internal reality in the literary work; understanding the subject-object relationship present in the literary work that contributes to the elaboration of the epistemology of literary-artistic reception; literary communication and identification with the character; the author’s collaboration with the receiver who creates the theatrical play; analysis of the literary work.

‘Informal Infrastructure’ of Prototyping: Practicing Organisation by Performing Materiality

In recent years, sheltered by the so-called ‘ontological turn’ in the social sciences, organisational analysis has paid special attention to artefacts. Nevertheless, there is still a dominant account grounded in a dichotomist view of the subject-object relationship either in teleological (mind-body) or in hylomorfic (form-matter) terms when analysing organising practices. On the contrary, our argument is based on non-dualistic approaches in an attempt to foreground relational aspects of practices.From a practice-based approach, the article addresses the role of three ‘prototypes’ aimed at the management of the ‘air’ by citizenship, in the re-configuration of bodies, technics and ethical-political engagement. Specifically, it focuses on the normative dimensions of organising by which knowledges, materials and values converge in the open-ended process of prototyping. The argument is deployed by relying on qualitative research based on multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork, developed both at different workshops and by online ethnography.The main aim of the article is to show how bodies and artefacts are mutually in/trans/formed when negotiating the social implications for the ontological category of ‘air’. In doing so, the concept of ‘informal infrastructure’ is proposed to account for those practices (which appear somewhat contingent, mundane or, at best, taken for granted) by which agents do not only commit to a particular ethical implication embedded in the category of ‘air’, as a symbolic result, but also to distinctive ways of practicing organisation as a political process of performing materiality. To this end, adopting the analytical concept of ‘informal infrastructure’ allows to simultaneously consider both the formal and informal aspects that emerge in these collaboration-driven practices, as well as to address their effects on the maintenance within and expansion into other networks.

Professional Development Of The Teacher: History And Modern Approaches

Education is considered as a complex multi-process, including enlightenment, upbringing and training. Modern pedagogical activity faces two major problems: the expansion of the scope of this activity and the transition from subject-object relations to subject-subject.

No Trace Anywhere of Life, Perhaps: Autology and Hauntology in Imagination Dead Imagine

This essay interprets Imagination Dead Imagine as the product of Beckett’s own autology, in Arnold Geulincx’s sense of the term. The Cartesian occasionalist advanced that self-inspection culminates with the revelation of human beings’ fundamental ignorance and impotence. I suggest that the short text borrows Geulingian themes and imagery to offer a dazzling vision – from the point of view of eternity – of the radical atomization and opacity of the human condition. Furthermore, I explore how Beckett generates a specifically Geulingian commentary on a debate that obsessed him throughout his life: the problem of the subject-object relation and the self-to-self relation in artistic representation. Finally, I propose to read the paradoxical imperative ‘imagination dead imagine’ as a Geulingian axiom in its own right, that is, as an inescapable obligation whose fulfilment is quasi-impossible.

The use of personal pronouns in lyrical poetry

The article presents separate formulae that fix the morphological means of expressing the subject and subject-object relations in lyrical poetry. These formulae include personal pronouns with different grammatical characteristics (here the categories of person, number, and case are meant). The author performs a linguo-stylistic analysis of texts written by A. S. Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, S. A. Esenin, B. L. Pasternak relying on the experience of studying the ways personal pronouns are semanticised in lyrical poetry. The paper concludes that the lyrical text does not exist outside the pronominal formula which facilitates the disclosure of the subject of enunciation’s life philosophy (psychological state). The article highlights the sequence of personal pronouns or their case forms within the poetic text. In the author’s opinion, the variety of pronominal formulae is indicative of the lyrical structure flexibility as it tolerates different variants of pronominal expression of the subject of enunciation and those objects to which he expresses his attitudes.

Introduction: Ontology and Blackness, a Dossier

Introduction: Ontology and Blackness, a Dossier

Vigilant Subjects, Risky Objects: "If You See Something, Say Something"

"If You See Something, Say Something": individuals detect the warning signs of an attack and notify authorities before it is too late. Yet, rather than a permanent state of alert, these vigilant subjects are only ever provisionally activated upon discovering risky objects: seeing something is to draw risky objects from a dangerous indeterminacy, while saying something is to affirm vigilant subjecthood. Offered is a processual account of these emergent subject-object relations, an account which extends security governance into incipient experience—before the self of self-government—and onto affectivities that strike the body—before calculations on how best to respond.