Subclinical Characteristics Research Articles

Prostate specific antigen in the serum of men ≥ 50 years old with benign prostatic hyperplasia and some related factors

Background: Men over 50 years old often have lower urinary tract symptoms and most of them are caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia increases with age. Besides benign prostate disease, the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing in Vietnam and ranks 7th according to GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates. Recognizing the characteristics of prostate-specific antigens will help in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients with prostatic pathologies are effective and accurate. The study aims to study the clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with lower urinary tract symptoms and investigate the characteristics of the concentration of prostate-specific antigens and some related factors. Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 90 male patients aged 50 years and older with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Record clinical features, ultrasound to measure prostatic volume, uroflowmetry, and serum PSA levels to be quantified. Evaluate the correlation between tPSA concentration with some factors such as: age, prostatic volume. Results: The most common age groups were 60 - 69 years old and 70 - 79 years old, patients were admitted to the hospital when they had moderate to severe urinary disorders, the average IPSS score was 19.0 ± 6.9; average QoL score 3.5 ± 1.1. The most common lower urinary tract symptoms were feeling of incomplete urination (86.7%), weak urine stream (84.4%), urinary exertion (81.1%), nocturia (80.0%). The mean prostate volume measured by ultrasound was 36.13 ± 10.86 ml. The mean bladder residual volume was 96.0 ± 47.6 ml, the mean Qmax was 12.7 ± 5.3 ml/s, the mean Qave was 5.6 ± 2.4 ml/s. Most patients had total PSA < 4 ng/ml, accounting for 73.3%. Conclusion: Most of the benign prostatic hyperplasia had total prostate-specific antigen < 4 ng/ml, accounting for 73.3%, only 3.3% of patients exceeded the level > 10 ng/ml. There was no statistically significant relationship between total prostate-specific antigen levels and patient age. Total prostate-specific antigen concentration was related to the patient’s prostate volume (p < 0.05). Key words: prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

CORRELATION BETWEEN TOTAL SERUM IgE LEVELS AND SOME CHARACTERISTICS IN VIETNAMESE PEMPHIGOID PATIENTS

Objectives: To determine the correlation between total serum IgE levels and some clinical and subclinical characteristics in pemphigoid patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study on 42 pemphigoid patients, all of which were newly diagnosed. Information was collected from patient interviews and medical records. Total serum IgE levels were determined using a total IgE ELISA following the manufacturer’s instructions. Eosinophil counts were analyzed on the same day when serum samples were taken. For IgE DIF staining of perilesional skin, IgE Goat anti-Human, FITC was used, incubation was performed overnight at 4oC.Results: Among 42 pemphigoid patients, the average age was 73.2 ± 15.5 years old. 60% of pemphigoid patients had elevated total serum IgE levels, the mean value was 121.6 ± 101.8 UI/mL. Total serum IgE levels were significantly correlated with eosinophil counts (r = 0.61; p < 0.05) and the BPDAI urticaria/erythema (U/E) score (r = 0.50; p < 0.05). However, total circulating IgE levels were not significantly associated with total BPDAI score (p > 0.05). DIF IgE staining on perilesional skin of pemphigoid patients had a positive rate of 14.3%.Conclusion: Total serum IgE values correlated with some clinical and subclinical characteristics in pemphigoid patients. IgE autoantibodies were present in the skin of pemphigoid patients, supporting the hypothesis that IgE potentially modulates pruritus associated with pemphigoid.

EVALUATION OF QUICK SOFA IN DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF SEPSIS PATIENTS TREATED AT HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL (4/2018 - 3/2020)

Background: Sepsis is a life - threatening organ dysfunction. Previous consensuses defined sepsis as infection with systemic inflammation response syndrome (SIRS). The new 2016 consensus selected SOFA and Quick SOFA instead of SIRS in diagnosing sepsis. 
 Objectives: 1. Describe clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with sepsis. 2. Compare qSOFA and SIRS in the diagnosis and prognosis of the outcome of patients with sepsis. Subjects and method: Patients were diagnosed with sepsis based on the definition Sepsis - 2 (2001) or Sepsis - 3 (2016), treated at the Intensive Care Unit and the Department of Tropical Diseases, Hue Central Hospital. A prospective study.
 Results: There were 59 selected patients. The mean age was 60.22 ± 18.19 (28 - 90). Coagulation and cardiovascular dysfunction in patients with sepsis were the most common (61%), followed by kidneys (54%) and CNS (51%). Results of treatment: 44.1 % of patients had a septic shock; 28.8% died. In all patients, qSOFA ≥ 2 achieved rate was lower than SIRS ≥ 2 (72.9% compared to 98.3%). qSOFA0 had a high value in predicting ICU admission and had statistically significantly higher when compared to SIRS0. qSOFA0 had mean value in predicting in septic shock and had significantly higher when compared to SIRS0. qSOFA had a high value in predicting hospital mortality and had significantly higher when compared to SIR 0. 
 Conclusion: SIRS is more noted than qSOFA in patients with sepsis. qSOFA0 has higher value than SIRS 0 in predicting ICU admission and hospital mortality in patients with sepsis.

Risk Factors Related to the Death of Admitted COVID-19 Patients: A Buffalo Study

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may result in a severe acute respiratory syndrome that leads to a worldwide pandemic. Despite the increasing understanding of COVID-19 disease, the mortality rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients remains high. Objective: To investigate the risk factors related to the mortality of admitted COVID-19 patients during the peak of the epidemic from August 2021 to October 2021 in Vietnam. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study performed at the Hospital for Rehabilitation–Professional diseases. The baseline and demographic data, medical history, clinical examination, the laboratory results were recorded for patients admitted to the hospital with confirmed COVID-19. A radiologist and a pulmonologist will read the chest radiographs on admission and calculate the Brixia scores to classify the severity of lung abnormalities. Patients were followed up until beingrecovered or their death. Comparison of clinical and subclinical characteristics between recovery and death groups to find out risk factors related to the death of COVID-19 patients Results: Among 104 admitted COVID-19 patients, men accounted for 42.3%, average age of 61.7 ± 13.7. The most common symptoms were fever 76.9%, breathlessness 74%, and fatigue 53.8%. The majority (84.6%) of the study population had at least one co-morbidity, including hypertension (53.8%), diabetes (25.9%), gastritis (19.2%), ischemic heart disease (15.4) %), stroke (9.6%) and osteoarthritis (9.6%). The rate of mild and moderate COVID-19 is 13.4%, severe 32.7%, and critical 40.4%. There are 88 inpatients (84.6%) who needed respiratory support. The median hospital stay was 13 days (IQR 10-17.75 days). The rate of intubated patients with mechanical ventilation was 31.7%. The overall mortality rate was 29.8%. Risk factors related to death included Brixia scores > 9, Urea > 7 mmol/L, Ferrtin > 578 ng/ml, Failure to get vaccinated, Age > 60 years, and Low Oxygen SpO2 < 87% (BUFFALO). Conclusion: The main result of the study is the independent risk factors related to the death of admitted COVID-19 patients including Brixia scores > 9, Urea > 7 mmol/L, Ferrtin > 578 ng/ml, Failure to get vaccinated, Age > 60 years, and Low Oxygen SpO2 < 87% ((BUFFALO) which suggests that these COVID-19 patients should be closely followed up.

Some Clinical and Subclinical Characteristics of Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer in Huu Nghi Hospital

Abstract: This study aims to describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients with CRPC in Huu Nghi Hospital. The results indicated that the main clinical symptoms were bone pain (63.0%), hematuria (34.0%), and lower urinary tract symptoms (32.6%). The highest and lowest PSA concentrations were 611.3 ng/mL and 0.01 ng/mL, respectively. The most common sites of metastasis were bone (82.6%), lymph node (50.0%), and lung (19.6%). These patients were all at the late stage, so most of them had symptoms of metastasis and high PSA.
 Keywords: Prostate cancer, castration-resistant, clinical characteristics, subclinical characteristics.
 
 

Survey on clinical and subclinical characteristics of first diagnosed prostate cancer at 108 Military Central Hospital

Objective: To describe several clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with first diagnosed prostate cancer at 108 Military Central Hospital. Subject and method: A retrospective study was performed on 312 patients with first diagnosed prostate cancer in Department of Urology, 108 Military Central Hospital, from January 1st, 2016, to December 31st, 2020. Main research criteria: age, symptoms of urinary disorders, total PSA, signs of bone metastases, and Gleason score. Result: Mean age was 73.9-year-old, frequent clinical symptoms were urinary hesitancy 51% and acute urinary retention 32.4%; mean prostate volume was 61.1ml; the rate of carcinoma was 99.6%; most of cases had high PSA (³ 20ng/ml) and very high (³ 100ng/ml); 63.7% of cases had signs of bone metastases at the time of diagnosis. Conclusion: Prostate cancer is mainly late diagnosed; the rate of adenocarcinoma accounted for 99.6%.

Evaluating several clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients pre- and post-kidney transplant at 103 Military Hospital

Objective: To describe several clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients before and after 6 months of kidney transplant at 103 Military Hospital. Subject and method: From March 2018 to April 2020, a prospective, descriptive study enrolled 75 recipients with 6 months after renal transplant at 103 Military Hospital. Result: Prior to transplantation, 80.3% of patients received dialysis with an artificial kidney, while 9.8% received medical treatment; more than 90% of patients had hypertension, anemia, and dyslipidemia, with 43.8% having residual urine loss. The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection were 24.1%, and 95.5% of patients having HLA compatibility from 1-6/6 AG. There was a significant difference in urea, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and hemoglobin before and after transplantation. However, after transplantation, 17.3% and 41.3% of patients had increased urea and creatinine, respectively. There were a 9.3% decrease in glomerular filtration rate and a 5.3% increase in proteinuria. After 6 months of kidney transplantation, indicators such as hypertension, increased CRP, anemia, and left ventricular hypertrophy significantly improved. Conclusion: Six months after transplantation, patients with end-stage renal disease improved in several clinical and subclinical indicators. Patients may still experience several metabolic disorders after transplantation, such as diabetes, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and increased proteinuria.

The association between clinical, subclinical features and autoantibody profile in Vietnamese dermatomyositis patients.

There is still a lack of research in Vietnam on the autoantibody profile of dermatomyositis (DM) and its association with clinical and subclinical characteristics. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate clinical and subclinical correlations with autoantibodies in DM patients. 72 DM patients at Vietnam National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology (NHDV) from March 2019 to September 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical manifestations and laboratory test results of the patients were obtained at the time of visit. Of these, 63 patients were tested for the presence of autoantibodies using an Immunoblot assay. Our findings show that the average age of patients was 41.7 years. The female-male ratio was 1.7:1. The most common skin and muscle manifestations were myalgia (79.2%), heliotrope rash (62.5%), shawl sign (61.1%), Gottron's sign (59.7%), muscle weakness (59.7%), Gottron's papule (52.8%), periungual telangiectasia (41.7%), V-sign (38.9%), poikiloderma (26.4%), periungual fissures (20.8%), Raynaud's phenomenon (15.3%). Among the 63 patients tested for autoantibodies, myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs) were found in 71.4% of the serum samples, and myositis-associated antibodies (MAAs) in 36.5%. Anti-TIF1γ antibody accounted for the highest percentage (28.6%), followed by anti-Ro52 (22.2%), anti-synthetase (17.5%), anti-Mi-2 and anti-MDA5 (both 14.3%). Anti-synthetase antibodies (ARS-Abs) showed a significant association with arthralgia, fever, and Raynaud's phenomenon, while anti-TIF1γ antibodies showed a strong association with V-sign and poikiloderma (p<0.05). Clinical features in dermatomyositis are heterogeneous. Our study results show some associations between clinical features and autoantibodies in patients with DM. The analysis of DM-related autoantibodies is clinically useful, will be essential for the approaches to diagnosis, and management of DM patients.

Risk Factors Related to the Death of Admitted COVID-19 Patients: A Buffalo Study.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may result in a severe acute respiratory syndrome that leads to a worldwide pandemic. Despite the increasing understanding of COVID-19 disease, the mortality rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients remains high. To investigate the risk factors related to the mortality of admitted COVID-19 patients during the peak of the epidemic from August 2021 to October 2021 in Vietnam. This is a prospective cohort study performed at the Hospital for Rehabilitation-Professional diseases. The baseline and demographic data, medical history, clinical examination, the laboratory results were recorded for patients admitted to the hospital with confirmed COVID-19. A radiologist and a pulmonologist will read the chest radiographs on admission and calculate the Brixia scores to classify the severity of lung abnormalities. Patients were followed up until beingrecovered or their death. Comparison of clinical and subclinical characteristics between recovery and death groups to find out risk factors related to the death of COVID-19 patients. Among 104 admitted COVID-19 patients, men accounted for 42.3%, average age of 61.7 ± 13.7. The most common symptoms were fever 76.9%, breathlessness 74%, and fatigue 53.8%. The majority (84.6%) of the study population had at least one co-morbidity, including hypertension (53.8%), diabetes (25.9%), gastritis (19.2%), ischemic heart disease (15.4) %), stroke (9.6%) and osteoarthritis (9.6%). The rate of mild and moderate COVID-19 is 13.4%, severe 32.7%, and critical 40.4%. There are 88 inpatients (84.6%) who needed respiratory support. The median hospital stay was 13 days (IQR 10-17.75 days). The rate of intubated patients with mechanical ventilation was 31.7%. The overall mortality rate was 29.8%. Risk factors related to death included Brixia scores > 9, Urea > 7 mmol/L, Ferrtin > 578 ng/ml, Failure to get vaccinated, Age > 60 years, and Low Oxygen SpO2 < 87% (BUFFALO). The main result of the study is the independent risk factors related to the death of admitted COVID-19 patients including Brixia scores > 9, Urea > 7 mmol/L, Ferrtin > 578 ng/ml, Failure to get vaccinated, Age > 60 years, and Low Oxygen SpO2 < 87% ((BUFFALO) which suggests that these COVID-19 patients should be closely followed up.

Relationship of Recurrence Rate with some Characteristics in Patients with Thyroid Carcinoma.

Determining the clinical and subclinical characteristics related to the recurrence status in patients with a thyroid carcinoma has great significance for prognosis, prediction of recurrence and monitoring of treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association between recurrence rate and some characteristics in patients with thyroid carcinoma. The study was conducted by descriptive method with longitudinal follow-up on 102 thyroid carcinoma patients at 103 Military Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, from July 2013 to December 2016. Univariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between the recurrence characteristics in the studied patients and the characteristics of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.026; OR = 15; 95% CI = 1.4-163.2) and BRAF V600E mutation status (P = 0.01; OR = 3.41; 95% CI = 1.31-8.88). When analysing the multivariable Logistic regression model, there was a positive correlation between the occurrence of BRAF V600E gene mutation (P = 0.032; OR = 17.649; 95% CI = 1.290-241.523) and male sex (P = 0.036; OR = 12.788; 95% CI = 1.185-137.961) and the occurrence of recurrence in study patients. The mean time to relapse was earlier in male patients than in female patients (P = 0.02). The mean time to relapse in patients with the BRAF V600E mutation (31.81 ± 1.14 months) was shorter than the mean time to relapse in the group without the mutation (57.82 ± 2.08 months) (P = 0.01). The group of patients with mutations in the BRAF V600E gene increased the risk of recurrence compared with the group without the mutation (HR = 9.14, P = 0.04). There is a positive correlation between recurrence and masculinity, lymph node metastasis and the occurrence of BRAF V600E mutations in thyroid carcinoma patients.

CLINICAL AND SUBCLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRASTUZUMAB TREATMENT

Objective: Describing the clinical and subclinical characteristics of the breast cancerpatient treated with Trastuzumab at Thong Nhat hospital.Subjects and methods: A retrospective study on 48 patients with breast cancer weretreated with Trastuzumab at Thong Nhat hospital.Results: Mean age: 48.4 ± 3.4 years old. The 45-60 age group accounted for thelargest proportion with 47.92%. Functional symptoms: the proportion of patients whoself-examined the tumor accounted for the highest rate with 64.58%. There were12.50% of patients with pain symptoms, 10.42% of patients with nipple discharge.Physical symptoms: tumor in the upper-external quadrant accounted for the largestpercentage with 58.33%. The average size of the tumors was 2.78 ± 1.32 (cm). Themain type of lesions was detected on ultrasound was local lesion with over 77.08%with an unknown boundary feature (66.67%) and invasive, accounting for 43.75%.Histopathological type accounted for the highest proportion was the invasive tubularcarcinoma (79.92%). Histological degree accounted for the highest percentage wasdegree 2 with 45.83%. Stage II accounted for the highest rate with 39.58%, stage VIhad the lowest rate with 10.42%.Conclusion: Common age of breast cancer patients was 45 - 60 years old, mainlythe self-examined tumor, common breast tumors were found in the upper-externalquadrant. On ultrasound, mainly the local lesion, the boundary was not clear. Thehistopathological type was the invasive tubular carcinoma.

Value of ALBI, PALBI classification in assessment of liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis at Nghe An Friendship General Hospital

Objectives: To assess the relationship between ALBI and PALBI grades with clinical and subclinical characteristics in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cirrhosis at Nghe An Friendship General Hospital. Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 82 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis and confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021. Results: The age group is mainly from 50 - 69 years old (63.4%); Male/Female ratio = 3.54/1; The rate of esophageal varices levels: non-varicose, 1,2,3 grade were 59.8%, 26.8%, 8.5% and 4.9%, respectively; The rate of Child-pugh A, B, C are: 73.2%, 20.7% and 6.1%, respectively; The rate of ALBI of grades 1,2,3 is 54.9%, 32.9% and 12.2% respectively; The PALBI-1 subgroup was the majority with 41.5%; PALBI-2,3 together accounted for 29.3%; There is a meaning correlation between ALBI, PALBI index and BCLC stage (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer); The threshold value of PALBI for diagnosis of esophageal varices is -2.219 with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 83.7%. Conclusion: PALBI and ALBI grade are good, simple tools for assessing the stage, severity, and risk of esophageal varices in HCC patients with cirrhosis. Key words: PALBI, ALBI, HCC,cirrhosis.

Clinical, sub clinical features of early neurological deterioration during the acute phase with large vessel occlusion and minor neurological deficits

Background: Patients with mild stroke (NIHSS ≤6) and large vessel occlusion (LVO) generally do not receive revascularization therapy according to stroke guidelines. Several studies have shown that in patients with mild ischemic stroke and LVO, approximately 5% to 40% have early neurological deterioration (END). END was independent predictor of unfavourable outcomes and mortality [1]. Therefore, clinical monitoring of these patients in the acute phase is necessary to have timely interventions when the patient has signs of END. Objective: To describe the clinical and subclinical features of acute ischemic stroke patients with LVO and END. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 60 patients at Can Tho Stroke International Services with LVO and END. Results: From March 2021 to December 2021, there were 60 eligible patients. The rate of anterior circulatory stroke was 86.7%. Middle cerebral artery was accounting for 53.3% of culprit lesion. Admission – END interval was 35.1±26.8 hours. END associated with poor neurological deficits (increases NIHSS 6.4 points), functional independence (increases mRS 1.5 points). Conclusion: The clinical and subclinical characteristics of stroke patients with END are similar to the general characteristics of stroke patients.

Guided Random Mask: Adaptively Regularizing Deep Neural Networks for Medical Image Analysis by Potential Lesions

Data augmentation is a critical regularization method that contributes to numerous state-of-the-art results achieved by deep neural networks (DNNs). The visual interpretation method demonstrates that the DNNs behave like object detectors, focusing on the discriminative regions in the input image. Many studies have also discovered that the DNNs correctly identify the lesions in the input, which has been confirmed in the current work. However, for medical images containing complicated lesions, we observe the DNNs focus on the most prominent abnormalities, neglecting sub-clinical characteristics that may also help diagnosis. We speculate this bias may hamper the generalization ability of DNNs, potentially causing false predicted results. Based on this consideration, a simple yet effective data augmentation method called guided random mask (GRM) is proposed to discover the lesions with different characteristics. Visual interpretation of the inference result is used as guidance to generate random-sized masks, forcing the DNNs to learn both the prominent and subtle lesions. One notable difference between GRM and conventional data augmentation methods is the association with the training phase of DNNs. The parameters in vanilla augmentation methods are independent of the training phase, which may limit their effectiveness when the scale and appearance of region-of-interests vary. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the proposed GRM method evolves with the training of DNNs, adaptively regularizing the DNNs to alleviate the over-fitting problem. Moreover, the GRM is a parameter-free augmentation method that can be incorporated into DNNs without modifying the architecture. The GRM is empirically verified on multiple datasets with different modalities, including optical coherence tomography, x-ray, and color fundus images. Quantitative experimental results show that the proposed GRM method achieves higher classification accuracy than the commonly used augmentation methods in multiple networks. Visualization analysis also demonstrates that the GRM can better localize lesions than the vanilla network.

Study on the concentration of serum interleukin-6 in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Background: Helper T lymphocytes 17 (Th17) secrete various interleukins, including Interleukin-6 (IL-6), which promotes the pathological process in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Therefore, serum Interleukin-6 levels may be related to the clinical and subclinical characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis. Objectives: To determine serum Interleukin-6 concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis patients and to investigate the relationship between serum Interleukin-6 concentration with some clinical and subclinical characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Subjects and method: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 41 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy hospital and 30 healthy people in a control group. Results: The mean serum IL-6 concentration of the patient group was 120.57 pg/mL which was statistically significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001) than the control group (5.73 pg/mL). There was a statistically significant positive correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between serum Interleukin-6 concentration and the time of disease onset, the number of damaged joints and the 2nd-hour erythrocyte sediment rate. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between serum Interleukin-6 concentration with red blood cell amount, hemoglobin concentration. There was a statistically significant relationship (p &lt; 0.05) between serum Interleukin-6 concentration and CRP, RF, Anti-CCP and 1st-hour erythrocyte sediment rate. Conclusion: Increased serum IL-6 levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients affect joint injury, induce anemia, promote inflammation and increase autoantibodies. Key words: Interleukin-6, Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Clinical, Subclinical Characteristics and Classify Urinary Tract Malformation in Children with Urinary Tract Infections at the National Children’s Hospital

Aim: To describe clinical, subclinical characteristics and classify urinary tract malformation in children with urinary tract infections at the National Children’s Hospital. Subjects and research methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 100 children with urinary tract infections and urinary tract malformations treated at the Department of Nephrology and Dialysis of National Children’s Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021. Results: The rate of malformed urinary tract infections in children accounted for 2.1% of the total urinary tract infections. The male/female ratio was 1.22/1. The most common age was from 3 months to 3 years old (78%). The most common clinical manifestations were fever (89%) and urination disorder (52%). Symptoms of other organs included the digestive system 45%, respiratory system 24%, and nervous system 17%. Children with white blood cell count ≥15 G/L and CRP ≥ 20 mg/L accounted for 60% and 77% respectively. Kidney failure was 11% of children. There was a strong correlation between nitrite-positive and children with positive urine culture (OR: 4.7, Cl95% [1.2-15.2]). Vesicoureteral reflux was the highest observed of urinary malformation of the kidney (78%), followed by the duplex kidney (16%) and ureteropelvic junction narrowing (14%). The rates of recurrence and complications were 59% and 11%, respectively. The rate of recurrent urinary tract infections increased with the severity of reflux. Conclusion: The clinical and subclinical characteristics of urinary tract infections in urinary tract malformations children are most commonly fever, urination disorder, and vesicoureteral reflux get the highest rate.

Value of plasma Cystatin C in the diagnosis of cardiorenal syndrome type 1

Background: The presence of acute kidney injury in the setting of acute heart failure is very common occurrence and was termed cardiorenal syndrome 1 (CRS1). In CRS1 the diagnosis of acute kidney damage is often delayed by creatinine and urine output following KDIGO standards (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes). Cystatin C is one of the earliest markers of worsening renal function. We studied the value of plasma Cystatin C in the diagnosis of cardiorenal syndrome type 1. Purpose: This study was aimed: (1) to decribe clinical, subclinical characteristics, prevalence of CRS1; (2) to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Cystatin C in diagnosis of CRS1. Materials and Method: there were 139 patients with acute heart failure or acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in the Department of cardiovascular resuscitation and Interventional cardiology at 115 Ho Chi Minh City People's Hospital from September 2018 to June 2019. This research was a prospective cohort study. Results: there were 48 cases (rate 34.5%) with CRS1, medium age 66.12 ± 15.77, men accounted for 50.4%. The optimal cut-off Cystatin C for diagnosing CRS1 is &gt; 1.81 mg/dl, AUC is 0.787 (95% CI 0.71-0.85, p&lt;0.001), sensitivity 75%, specificity 83.52%, positive predictive value 70.6%, negative predictive value 86.4%.

Clinical, Subclinical Characteristics, Treatment Results of COVID-19 patients in Dong Thap

A prospective descriptive study was conducted from August 2021 to September 2021 to describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients at the field hospital of Dong Thap Community College. The study collected epidemiological data of 240 subjects. The results indicated that the male/female ratio was 1.2/1; the mean age was 29.2±15.1 (1- 65 years old). The most typical clinical symptoms of the disease are cough (45.8%), fever (45%), stuffy nose (21.7%), anosmia (13.8%), ageusia (12.9%), and shortness of breath (4.6%). Most patients have mild symptoms and a high recovery rate. This study contributes to a general assessment of clinical, subclinical factors, treatment results of COVID-19 patients in general and COVID-19 subjects at the field hospital of Dong Thap Community College in particular, which is the basis for better disease prevention measures.&#x0D; Keywords: COVID-19, clinical features, Ct index, treatment results.&#x0D; References&#x0D; [1] H. A. Rothan, S. N. Byrareddy, The Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak, J. Autoimmun, Vol. 109, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433.[2] D. Cucinotta, WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic, Acta Biomed, Vol. 91, No.1, 2020, pp. 157-160, https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397.[3] WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard, Global Situation, https://covid19.who.int/ ( accessed on: January 19th, 2022).[4] Y. Xie, Z. Wang, Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Laboratory Findings of the COVID-19 in the Current Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol. 20, 2020, pp. 640, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05371-2.[5] T. V. Giang, N. T. Ngoc, Clinical and Subclinical Characteristics of Patients With Pneumonia Cause by COVID-19 Treated at National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Vietnam Medical Journal, Vol. 509, 2021, pp. 348-351 https://doi.org/10.51298/vmj.v509i1.1770 (in Vietnamese ).[6] W. J. Guan, Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China, N Engl J Med, Vol. 382, 2020, pp.1708-1720, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.004.[7] Y. Lee, Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients, J Korean Med Sci, Vol. 35, No. 18, 2020, pp.174, https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e174.[8] A. Singanayagam, Duration of Infectiousness and Correlation with RT-PCR Cycle Threshold Values in Cases of COVID-19, England, January to May 2020, Euro Surveill, Vol. 25, No. 32, 2020, https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.32. 2001483.[9] A. Jain, Is There a Correlation Between Viral Load and Olfactory &amp; Taste Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients?, Am J Otolaryngol, Vol. 42, No. 3,2020, pp.102911, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.102911.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Clinical, Laboratory Characteristic, and Treatment of Human Toxocariasis in Northern Vietnam.

Background:We determined the occurrence frequency of Clinical signs, subclinical characteristics on positive anti-IgG Toxocara ELISA cases, and clinical response results after 1 month of albendazole-specific treatment.Methods:A number of 103 clinically treated patients were studied between 2018 and 2019 in two hospitals. Relevant data are collected from examination and medical records such as age, sex, job, resident, clinical and sub-clinical signs. Sera samples were subjected to anti-IgG Toxocara antigen using ELISA.Results:The median age of the patient was 43.6 ± 14.4 years. The most common symptom groups were the skin and mucosa (88.3%), followed by neurological symptoms (44%). There are 76.7% of patients with risk factors for contact with pet dogs and cats. The majority of eosinophils in the normal range (< 8%) accounted for 85.4%, the major results of the OD value of ELISA were in the group (≥ 0.3-< 1.5) accounted for 75.7%. The skin and mucosa lesions in toxocariasis patients related to IgE values were statistically significant (P <0.05). The effectiveness of anthelmintic treatment is low with nearly half of patients having no clinical symptoms after 1 month of post-treatment. It is statistically significant between exposure to dogs/cats and treatment outcomes on clinical symptoms (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Toxocara infections in Vietnamese people often have skin allergies and liver damage, rarely with severe neurological symptoms. The efficacy of albendazole treatment after one month is not clear. In the near future, research with a confirmatory test other than Anti-IgG Toxocara ELISA is needed to screen for inhospital diagnosis.

Nghiên cứu đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng người bệnh COVID-19 và tiên lượng nguy cơ tử vong dựa vào thang điểm 4C - Mortality

Mục tiêu: 1) Nhận xét đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của người bệnh (NB) COVID-19 tử vong (TV); 2) Đánh giá kết quả tiên lượng tử vong bằng thang điểm 4C-Mortality (4C-M) đối với NB COVID-19. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả, cắt ngang trên 376 NB COVID-19 tại Bệnh viện Dã chiến Truyền nhiễm số 5G. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nặng hoặc nguy kịch ở nhóm TV 95,6%, nhóm không tử vong (KTV) 78,2%, p &lt; 0,05. Tỷ lệ NB có điểm TSS nặng ở nhóm TV 51,5%, nhóm KTV 21,8%, khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê (p &lt; 0,05). Điểm 4C-M ≥ 9 làm tăng nguy cơ tử vong với OR = 9,9 (p &lt; 0,05). Kết luận: Thang điểm 4C-M có giá trị tiên đoán tử vong tốt với AUC 0,837 (95%CI: 0,787 - 0,887 ); p &lt; 0,05. * Từ khóa: COVID-19; Tiên lượng; Tỷ lệ tử vong.