Genre Structure Research Articles

Wolffian Philosophy as Rhetoric in an Essay on the Beauty of the Human Body (1746) by E.A. Nicolai

The movement of the so-called philosophiсal physicians was formed at the Prussian University of Halle in the middle of the 18th century as a medico-philosophical approach outside of the structure of university genres both in medicine and in philosophy. Being professional physicians, they read metaphysical texts relating to the status of body, to the living or to the relationship between soul and body and introduce the elements of new philosophical discourses such as Wolffianism into the field of medical theory outside of academic discourse. In this context, the objective of the paper is to identify and describe the argumentative features of E. A. Nicolai’s ‘An essay on the beauty of the human body’. Nikolai builds his reasoning more geometrico, referring directly to the works of Christian Wolff and Alexander Baumgarten. However, Nicolai’s use of Wolffian terminology and form of reasoning is systematically ambiguous; for instance, he comes to anthropological conclusions which seem quite consistent with a theory of physical influx totally denied by Wolff discussing the soul-body problem. Moreover, the style of many passages of ‘An essay on the beauty of the human body’, saturated with philosophical terminology, is obviously ironic. Departing from Nikolai’s medico-philosophical approach, the paper lead to a reflection on the configuration of the disciplinary textual spaces and on the borders of academic medicine in the social dimension of the 18th century.

Andrei Bely’s Literary Portraits in the Structure of Critical and Memoir Genre

<p>Despite the research boom of recent times and the increased interest in Andrei Bely's personality and creativity, which is reflected in numerous articles, monographs, dissertations, international scientific conferences about him, criticism and memoir remains the least studied part of the largest Russian symbolist creative legacy. Unfortunately, A. Bely's critical texts are not fully collected, we do not even have a complete idea of the volume of what he wrote. In order to comprehend the innovation of A. Bely's critical prose, it is necessary to update the research tools of the criticism itself. The correlation problem between A. Bely's creative method in the context of literary critical and memoir genres, the issues about the role and the uniqueness of portrait characteristics in different types of the discourse and the transformations of Bely's early poetics in late memoir and biography were not the subject of a special study, which determines the purpose and the tasks of the article. The performed analysis showed that the image of writers in the critical and memoir portraits is somewhat similar. This can be explained by the fact that Bely's memoir texts are the continuation of his early work. However, the publicistic nature of the criticism and the polemical origin in the memoir genre are weakened. The portrait in the structure of a memoir book is combined with the experience of the lived life and complicated by the synthesis of previous literary-critical interpretations and later evaluations. </p>

ANALYSING THE MACROORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE REVIEW ARTICLE GENRE IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS

The aim of this research is (1) to analyse the macro-organisational structure and (2) to investigate and describe the analytical sections of the data. The data, drawn from a randomly selected corpus of 32 review articles, was analysed following Swales’ (1990) genre analysis to describe and investigate the schematic structure of the review article genre. The findings revealed that the CARS model was often observed in this genre. Moreover, although both review articles and research articles have been considered sub-genres of the research genre, there is a significant variation among them in terms of the schematic structure, rhetorical strategies, and functions. The schematic structure and functions of the review article genre were further investigated by consulting the specialist informants. The macroorganisational structure of this genre proposed hence provide the instructive guidance for EFL graduates and junior researchers how to review the developments critically during their research writing. Keywords: academic review genres, review article genre, macro-organisational structure, analytical sections of review article genre

Genre Transformation of the Fairy Tale in Contemporary Russian Literature

This research is devoted to some peculiarities of structure and semantics of contemporary Russian fairy tale. The analyzed genre model is quite actual in the literature of modern turn of the centuries. It is actualized in the creativity of L. Petrushevskaya, A. Kabakov, B. Akunin, M. Fray, D. Bykov, etc. This is connected with the universality of themes and problems and the dynamics of structure of genre analyzed. Modern literature process suggests the use of various genre forms (including fairy-tale one) in the context of realization of game strategies of world construction with the deconstruction principle domination. The usage of the most productive for such kind of research methods (structural-semantical and comparative ones) gives grounds for understanding the specifics of realization of deconstruction principle through the variety of forms and meanings. For example, the scheme of “genre memory” is widely used in contemporary fairy tale. If that scheme deals with the sphere of semantics, then structural components are actively deconstructed (e.g. fairy tales by L. Petrushevskaya). If the meaningful fairy tale composition models are actualized, then the semantic component is widely transformed (e.g. Moscow Fairy Tales by A. Kabakov). The most important peculiarity of contemporary fairy tale is the integration of fairy tale, legendary, mythological and literary plots to the one game system. The result of this is on the one hand travestying of the iconic plots, on the other hand achieving the new meanings due to including context mechanisms.

Zmienność struktury kredytowej a wielkość banku na przykładzie wybranych banków spółdzielczych

The cooperative banks to be competitive in banking sector relative to the commercial banks and others banking institution had to pursue of customers’ credit request. It seems, that bank granted investments loans, which are quantified by smaller dynamics than retail loans. However individual bank’s commitment in this situation is relatively higher. Therefore is a question whether the genre structure of granted loans is being determined by the size of the bank? The aim of the elaboration was to determine the diversification level of loans’ structure due to bank’s size. The analysis of variance confirmed that existing essential statically of differences in the structure of investment loans and operating and debt instruments, however in other loans’ groups in the structure weren’t confirmed any differences depending on the size of the bank.

The Generic Structure of CSR Reports in Italian, Chinese, and English: A Corpus-Based Analysis

Background: This study examines the generic structure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports, which are becoming standard practice for corporate communication of social and environmental performance beyond financial disclosure. Literature review: Genre theories provide a framework for exploring genres contextualized in different cultures. Based on the English for Specific Purposes approach of genre analysis, this study compares the move structure of CSR reports in Italian, Chinese, and English from a corpus-based perspective . Research questions: 1. What are the main moves used in CSR reports? 2. Are there any cross-cultural similarities or variations in terms of generic features? Methodology: Combining genre theories with concepts from Systemic Functional Linguistics, we designed an observational framework for move identification. Based on a 15-move scheme, we annotated 18 CSR reports for comparative analysis. Results and conclusions: The CSR report is characterized by rhetorical recursivity and hybridity of speech acts: beyond “reporting” and “presenting,” it is also “demonstrating,” “evaluating,” and “committing.” As a globally established genre, it presents noticeable generic similarity in different languages, suggesting that the communicative purposes of CSR reports are recognized by different cultures. The top six moves in the Performance-reporting section of the CSR reports present identical trends in terms of extensiveness ranking in all three languages. Cross-cultural variations mainly involve the use of optional moves, such as the dominant use of the move “Presenting individual cases” in the Chinese sample. The observational framework for move identification may also be transferable to other genres. The limitations of this study include the sample size and the absence of an author survey. Future research could investigate the CSR report from a diachronic perspective, to explore how its genre structure has developed over time.

The power of language in textbooks: shaping futures, shaping identities

This article examines secondary school textbooks used in one province of Pakistan to explore how particular political and religious beliefs are embedded in the texts used to teach the English language. The article shows how the authors of these textbooks change the discursive practices of global English to suit their own purposes. In particular, the article discusses how the authors appropriate the genre structure of biographical texts and adapt lexico-grammatical resources for identity management. An appropriation of the language in the textbooks, the article argues, curtails students’ access to the linguistic or semiotic tools that are needed to read and engage with other globally oriented texts. This may impact students’ views of the world as well as limit their ability to understand and appreciate alternative perspectives.

KONTESTASI DAN GENEALOGI “KEBANGKITAN” ISLAM NUSANTARA: KAJIAN HISTORIOGRAFIS BABAD TANAH JAWI

From the first writing of 1612 to the 'final version' in 1836, the Babad Tanah Jawi (BTJ) has always been debated mainly regarding its function as genre, prophecy, historical narrative, genealogical prototypes, and testimonial structures on Javanese history. Nevertheless, it is rare for the study of how Islam Nusantara, specifically described in the Babad Tanah Jawi, is considered to have a 'problematic' double genealogy as the effect of the breaking down of the basket between Batara Guru and Prophet Adam, a discrepancy that reflects Islam Nusantara as the result of a syncretistic forces between (Islam) Demak and (Hindu) Majapahit. This study seeks to illustrate the scholarly contestation of the double gynowogy of the Islamic revival of the archipelago after the fall of Majapahit and its implications for the ambivalent narratives of insurrection in Babad Tanah Jawi, a text that sparked much debate among anthropologists, philologists and archaeologists of the world, Pararaton and Nagarakertagama - many referred by anyone who wants to learn about Islam and Javanese kings.

Mamadysh Kriashen Folk Music Traditions in Contemporary Recordings (review of materials collected in 2013)

The article characterizes folk music traditions of Kriashens, the Christianized Tatars of the Volga-Ural region. The author focuses on materials collected during an expedition in 2013 to the Mamadysh region of Tatarstan, Russia. Recordings of music and poetry samples, notation, transcription of verbal texts, and photographs were made by the author. The author presents remarks on the genre structure of the material (including lore associated with calendric rites and divination; life cycle rites; game and dance songs; childlore; religious lore as well as the instrumental musical tradition) and discusses the current state of the Mamadyshsky Kriashen tradition. In the villages of Vladimirovo, Iukachi, Ziuri and Komarovka the core of the folk music tradition is mainly composed of ritual songs. In the village of Nikiforovo, liturgical chants (a folk version of Orthodox prayers) tend to dominate the tradition.

Doprinos jačanju nacionalne i kulturne svijesti

This paper analyzes the literary magazine Lovor which was published in 1897. Like other literary magazines of the period, Lovor had a short life, lasting only 12 issues, from January 10 to June 25 1897. Editor-in-chief of Lovor was a prominent Croatian writer Rikard Katalinić Jeretov. The aim of this paper is to show the impact of the Lovor on the development of cultural life and on the awakening of national consciousness in Zadar at the time. Quantitative and qualitative content analysis was applied to analyze the thematic structure of all literary genres published in 12 issues of the magazine: poems, sketches, short stories, reviews, various articles, travelogues and information / news. Research has shown that these kinds of literature in Lovor contributed to the development of cultural life in Zadar, spreading knowledge about Croatian culture, whether in poems, patriotic poems, sketches and short stories on social issues; articles with interesting information about Croatian writers and their works, or in the news / announcements in which readers had the opportunity to learn news from the cultural life of the country and from abroad, and about new poetry books and other literary works.

Exploring Impacts of Consciousness-raising in a Genre-based Pedagogy

This study reports on the findings of a genre teaching course for developing academic writing of a class of EFL students in Iran. The information report genre was taught in a cyclical way of teaching and learning, which was started from ‘setting the context’ and ‘deconstruction’ of prototype information report genre, and continued with ‘joint construction’, ‘independent construction’, and finally ‘comparing’ with different academic genres. Results of the analysis revealed that the students have taken a significant leap towards controlling macro genre structures. Some progressions were also observed at micro language features such as lexical density and the frequency of embedded clauses. The findings of the analysis revealed that the consciousness-raising approach in genre teaching course might be a contributing factor for text development.

Инвариант фантастической робинзонады

The article argues that there are two genre versions of the robinsonade - classic one and fantastic one. Fantastic robinsonade not only varies, but transforms the genre structure of the classic robinsonade. The comparison of fiction allows to select “generate model” of this version of robinsonade, that is, an invariant. The article formulates the basic invariant features of fantastic robinsonade. It is shown that it differs from the classic one by the depicting here not the survival of the individual, but the construction of a new human society as the way of survival of mankind. The author emphasizes that the fantastic robinsonade tests on the equivalents of uninhabited islands (e.g., on an alien planet) not only a group of people, but also social ideas. The main compositional and speech form of such a test is philosophical and social conversations. The image of the social structure in a fantastic robinsonade determines the inclusion in a work of dystopian motifs. At the same time a fantastic variant depends on its basis - the classic robinsonade, although often this relationship has a polemical nature.

Donaupassagen. Interkulturalität und Transiterfahrung bei Péter Esterházy

Abstract In his novel Donau abwärts (1992) the Hungarian writer Péter Esterházy discussed the problems of intercultural experiences at a time, when these questions started to become important for the states of the former Yugoslavia: They had just broken up, communist rule in Eastern Europe had come to its end, and no one knew how to define Central and Eastern European identities. Esterházy’s novel takes the river Danube which crosses the Balkan states as the background for encounters of travelers from different countries at this historical moment in the early 1990s. According to the structure of the historical genre of the roman fleuve which was particularly popular in 17th and 18th century England, France, and the Netherlands, characters meet each other mostly on ships, talking, playing, searching for new ideas, and new identities in a mental as well as in a sexual manner. Questions of nationality are intertwined with questions of corporeality and social norms. Existing spaces of orientation, perception, knowledge and feeling are set in motion, and a new concept of living in transit spaces emerges.

English Curriculum Genre: Pedagogic Negotiation Patterns in the Indonesian EFL Classrooms

This study aims at finding the schematic structures of English curriculum genres in Indonesian university context and the patterns of pedagogic negotiation that enact the learning activities. The data of this study were video-taped EFL classrooms taught by non-native English lecturers at six universities in Semarang. The discourses were collected by video recording and transcription, non-participatory observation, and interview. The data were analyzed by referring to the analytical framework of curriculum genre and pedagogic exchanges under systemic functional linguistics (SFL). The findings show that the EFL classrooms are carried out in three general stages: orientation stage, discussion stage, and closure stage. Each stage is operated through several smaller potential steps. In terms of exchange structure, the negotiation between teachers and students occurs more frequently in knowledge-oriented exchanges than action-oriented exchanges. In addition, the teachers use two types of pedagogic exchanges: the triadic pedagogic exchanges and the scaffolded pedagogic exchanges.

Veterans and military masculinity in popular romance fiction

ABSTRACTAlthough popular culture has become an important area of study in international relations, few scholars so far have turned their attention to popular romance fiction, despite its popularity among readers. Through an analysis of contemporary category romances featuring military heroes, and combining the scholarship on popular romance fiction with that of security studies, I open a new area of study for scholars of security. I argue that the structure of the romance genre – which requires the hero and heroine to fall and love and be happy at the end of the novel – reinforces particular kinds of politics. First, the focus on intimate relationships closes off broader critiques of global politics. Second, the focus on the home front reinforces the idea that there is no possible distinction between a peaceful home front to be protected and an international space of war. Third, heroes dealing with grief, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other problems of a return to civilian life after deployment are portrayed as turning chaos into quest, again through a courtship narrative. Because of the familiar settings and stories that ‘feel true’, popular romance fiction is a site for the reproduction of specific kinds of military masculinity and military families. While these fictional accounts can have the beneficial effect of providing more nuanced portrayals of possible intimate lives of soldiers, they also close off critiques of politics and help to order a resilient, war-ready society and reinforce these images among readers who may not otherwise seek out non-fictional stories about the military.

An exploratory study on an integrated genre-based approach for the instruction of academic lexical phrases

This study explores a holistic approach in the teaching and learning of academic lexical phrases. It incorporates the Sydney school genre-based pedagogy and corpus-informed explicit instruction into the ESP (English for Specific Purposes) genre-based framework for a better “text in context” exemplification of genre knowledge and genre related language features (including lexical phrases). A distinction is made between general (or “lexical bundles” in traditional terms) and move-specific lexical phrases in the academic genre of research paper. An intervention study using this approach was conducted over a semester in an intact classroom with Masters students in China. The results indicated significant gains in receptive knowledge of lexical phrases and genre structure by the participants, and learners of different starting levels showed similar final attainment after instruction. The considerable number of appropriate uses of both types of lexical phrases in a rewriting task further supported the potential of this approach in academic lexical instruction. More importantly, a multiple regression analysis was performed and implies that the growth in the use of general lexical phrases cannot be isolated from the development of genre knowledge and specific language features such as the move-specific lexical phrases.

Measuring Transnationalism

This article elucidates a typology for cross-culturally comparing different versions of television formats. Digital tools are used to derive quantitative data based on temporal parameters of episode or genre of the narrative structure, content, and sequencing. Type one, which we also call “transposed narratives,” retains the narrative structure and sequencing while extending and expanding the narrative structure to readjust to longer broadcast times. Type two, which we call ‘transmutated narratives,’ re-distributes and re-organizes the narrative structure and sequencing to adjust to both extended broadcast time and other culturally relevant proximity issues. Type three adaptations display genre structure similarities while narrative structure, sequencing and content diverge. These we call ‘derived narratives.’

ВЗАИМОСООТВЕТСТВИЕ БАЗОВЫХ СТРУКТУР ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫХ РОДОВ И СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ОРДЕРНОГО ПОДХОДА К СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОМУ ИЗУЧЕНИЮ КУЛЬТУРЫ

ВЗАИМОСООТВЕТСТВИЕ БАЗОВЫХ СТРУКТУР ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫХ РОДОВ И СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ОРДЕРНОГО ПОДХОДА К СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОМУ ИЗУЧЕНИЮ КУЛЬТУРЫ

Das Signalisieren von Kohärenzstrukturen in deutschsprachigen wissenschaftlichen Texten

This paper discusses the relation between newer approaches of intercultural rhetoric research (and specifically its distinction between “big” and “small” cultures) and the academic literacies approach which assumes that local institutional and individual biographic factors influence decisively the development of an individual academic writing competence. Based on this discussion it claims that the “research article” does not constitute a single genre but rather a genre colony consisting of members (genres) which differ according to linguistic, disciplinary, institutional and individual affiliations and status of writers and which are connected through a system of family resemblances. This claim is exemplified through a qualitative case study of two German academic texts, a “professional” published paper and a students’ seminar paper. By applying a multi-level text analysis combining genre analysis and rhetorical structure analysis, it is shown that although the two texts exhibit several similarities in terms of their genre structure, their rhetorical macro- and micro-structures differ significantly. These results are interpreted as a corollary of the different institutional and hierarchical positions of the authors and as a single-case support for the initial claim of the paper.

Features of Saudi English Research Articles Abstracts

The research article (RA) abstract genre has attracted significant attention in the academic community. A well-written abstract can draw journal editors’ attention and improve an author’s chances of being accepted for publishing and later being read and cited by peers. This study is a contrastive genre analysis of Saudi English RA abstracts within a World Englishes (WE) perspective. It aims to answer two questions. What are the genre structure and periodicity patterns in abstracts written by Saudi researchers for a local audience? What are the differences and similarities in genre structure and periodicity patterns between abstracts written by Saudi researchers and abstracts written internationally? The data comprised three sets of RA abstracts: the first was a Saudi English set with 37 abstracts; the second was an international set with 29 abstracts; and the third was an Arabic set with 27 abstracts. The three sets were analysed based on Swales and Feak’s (2009) five-moves CARS model through which this study investigated the moves’ presence, sequence, cyclicality, length, use of citation, use of acronyms, use of percentages, use of listing, and paragraphing. Findings show that Saudi English RA abstracts differ from the international RA abstracts in showing more move presence fluctuation; verbosity; move cyclicality; excessive use of citation, acronyms, and listings; and multi-paragraphing. Due to the scarcity of studies about Saudi English in general, this study could shed some light on this emerging variety of English and trigger more studies on Saudi English RA abstracts from new perspectives.