Strategic Sectors Research Articles

Strategies for the management and the development of the olive sector in the city of Skikda (Northeast of Algeria)

Algerian olive growing is considered today as a strategic sector, it plays a very important role in the agricultural sector and has participated in the survival economy of communities over time. The region of Skikda is occupied the eighth place of olive oil producing regions in Algeria, it plays a potential role in the economic income of this sector. In this study we have drawn up a statistical inventory on the main agro-economic, socio-economic indicators, olive production situations, as well as a detailed report on the last agricultural campaign for 2020-2021, in order to establish a development plan. olive sector based on basic data, socio-economics activities and resources, the development strategy and some prospects at the end of this study to increase and improve the production and income of this sector.

The Tourism Product Distinctive Approach in Increasing Visitor Loyalty to Tourist Destinations

Tourism is a strategic sector contributing to foreign exchange and is a leading development in driving the nation's economy. This study aims to analyze simultaneously and partially the effect of tourism product distinctive in increasing visitor loyalty. Using primary data through a questionnaire, namely visitors to tourism destinations in the city of Sukabumi who have visited at least 2 times. Secondary data is obtained from written evidence or company documentation, literature, previous research results, and other data related to research. Collection procedures through observation, interviews, distribution of questionnaires and literature study. The research method uses descriptive and verification. The analytical method uses multiple regression analysis, correlation coefficient, determination coefficient, F test and t test. Based on the results of the F test, the variables of attraction, facilities, accessibility and ancillary simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on visitor loyalty. For the t test, the variables of attraction, accesibilities and ancillary have a positive and significant effect on visitor loyalty. Meanwhile, facilities have a positive but not significant effect on visitor loyalty.

Drones in the Sky: Towards a More Sustainable Agriculture

Nowadays, with an increasing world population, the production of bio-resources becomes a strategic sector for supporting any sustainable society [...]

Physical Strength Improvement of Nata de Coco by Water Replacement with Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as A Potential Bulletproof Material: A Preliminary Study

The dependence on the imported bullet-proof vest as one of the main equipments of the National Defense System needs attention. This condition treats the independence of domestic defense security. In contrast, the potential of natural materials for bullet-proof vest plates are abundant in Indonesia. Nata de Coco is one of the natural raw materials for producing bullet-proof vest plates that has the potential to be developed. This preliminary research proved that increasing the bond strength of cellulose in Nata de Coco was performed by adding the appropriate crosslinkers. The addition of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) 2% crosslinker to form Nata de Coco kevlar-like plates (Navlar) was evidenced to increase threefold tensile strength (99.15 MPa) from its original Nata de Coco (31.92 MPa). The development of Navlar is a very strategic sector for producing high-quality bullet-proof vest plates equivalent to kevlar strength. Navlar is more prospective than Kevlar due to its abundant source, cheap, lightweight, and ease to manufacture. Developing Navlar could replace the dependence on imported Kevlar and support the domestic defense industry.

Efektivitas Paradiplomasi Sister City Terhadap Pariwisata Halal Nusa Tenggara Barat

<p><em>This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of halal tourism paradiplomacy carried out by the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government or sub-state actors. Tourism is one of the strategic sectors for future development. West Nusa Tenggara has attractiveness in attracting the attention of domestic and foreign tourists, on the other hand added with halal tourism since 2016 in NTB so that the tourism industry needs creativity and uniqueness. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, where the source of information that will be obtained can be seen from various information in the form of reports, archives and sources of documentation obtained through books or the internet related to the activities of the NTB local government in promoting halal tourism. The approach that will be used is the concept of paradiplomacy and effectiveness in seeing the NTB Regional Government related to the implementation of international halal tourism.</em></p>

The Relevance of the Territorial Dimension in EU Policies and the Role of Tourism

The disparities, inequalities as well as the different trajectories of social and economic development that still characterize the regions of the EU today demonstrate the importance of a debate on the spatial dimension of European policies. This paper analyses the implications of strengthening the spatial dimension in the different EU programs, highlighting the importance of the concept of territorial cohesion and the role that a strategic sector such as tourism can play in implementing this concept. Therefore, the added value of tourism and the potential of territorial cohesion should play an important role in future European policies and funding.

Labour Commutation in the Agricultural Sector—An Analysis of Agricultural Workers in Chile

Agricultural activity is a key strategic sector for countries, particularly for food production. One way to strengthen the sector is through the use of technology. However, while integrating new technologies, challenges have emerged in the sector with regard to incorporating workers. Thus, one way to resolve this workforce shortfall could be through labour commutation, which consists of people living in one territory but working in another. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the likelihood of agricultural workers becoming worker commuters. Chile is used as a case study, drawing on the Chilean National Employment Survey of 2018 to analyse differences among the five largest regions in the country: Great North, Small North, Central Zone, South, and Chilean Patagonia. Each zone possesses different characteristics, and a propensity score matching process was carried out within the data. The results indicate that agricultural workers with a higher education level, full-time jobs, working in the formal sector, and younger workers are more likely to commute. Different impacts of variables were found across the zones. However, most of the variables have similar impact on the likelihood to commute in different areas. Thus, from a labour perspective, public policies can create general incentives to attract a new workforce to strengthen the agricultural sector.

STRATEGIC AEROSPACE APPROACH IN THE CONTEXT OF SECURITY AND SPACE INDUSTRY

The aerospace, defense, security and space industries are important strategic sectors for the EU, contributing to each country's national security and economic prosperity. These highly productive sectors provide thousands of jobs, delivering sustainable growth in every region and nation of the EU. Creating Romania's strengths in these sectors will help increase productivity across the country and ensure that Romania can become one of the best places in the world to innovate, do business and create jobs. This paper is the result of an analysis of the international literature and seeks to highlight the need to invest in space capabilities to meet national goals: military success and defense strategy, leadership and prestige, resource development and management, and economic growth and diversification. For this, the research method chosen for this study is a qualitative one that involved cross-sectional and longitudinal exploratory studies of the literature. The data collection and interpretation was done in the context in which most states are in the process of defining and / or consolidating aerospace strategies

Distributed Energy as a Megatrend of Audit of Investment Processes of the Energy Complex

The global trend is constantly increasing investments in strategic sectors of the economy, for example the electric power industry, which, in many countries, is becoming diversified and dispersed due to the multitude of entities investing in energy production and renewable resources, which leads to an increase in the heterogeneity of investment decisions. There is an urgent need to control the movement of investments, budget funds, as well as their development in the process of implementing investment programs of energy companies. The control of the movement of investments is the most promising direction of studying the subject of finance and audit. The increasing volume of public and private targeted investments in the energy sector and the lack of control over the effectiveness of investment projects (since each program contains several thousand lists of projects) necessitated the introduction of additional regulation of budget spending. The development of a mathematical apparatus for such regulation led to the creation in the Russian Federation of an institute of an independent public technological and price audit (TPA). The TPA is seen as a mechanism to ensure an effective project evaluation and selection process. This article describes methodological improvements using power system optimization models. The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) was developed as part of the Energy Technology Systems Analysis Program of the IEA-ETSAP, an international community that uses long-term energy scenarios to conduct in-depth energy and environmental analyzes. This approach includes two different but complementary systematic approaches to energy modeling: an engineering approach and an economic approach. The same approach is used when conducting a TSA, when an investment object is evaluated as a set of technological and price parameters. The article considers a model of resource allocation in the energy sector and a mechanism for using TPA for investment projects with state participation in a natural monopoly. An approach to the financial and long-term distribution of investments of electric power companies based on the search for a balance of interests of the supplier and consumer and available energy sources is proposed. A model has been developed to find the optimal plan of technical solutions, taking into account the balance of the possibilities of the electric power industry and the needs of the economy. The relevance of the article is due to the requirements of investment efficiency, since the prevailing share in the costs is occupied by the costs of equipment and the construction of power plants.

Nature-based Solutions for Industrial Logistic Parks.

The growth of logistic cities and freight villages to meet the increasing demand of e-commerce is unstoppable. This strategic sector has boomed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is estimated that by 2025, 138 million sqm of additional e-commerce areas will be built worldwide. Only in the last decade, the European logistic construction activity has tripled. Endless cities of asphalt and concrete have been built to host e-commerce companies, posing severe environmental threats such as desertification, loss of ecosystem and wildlife. Seeking to resolve these challenges, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization has proposed an international framework for Eco-Industrial Parks, with environmental guidelines for rainwater management, biodiversity preservation, or creation of recreational areas amongst others. However, prior studies and recommendations focused on the formulation of resilient spatial planning solutions for industrial logistic areas are yet very limited, and comprehensive literature reviews are still lacking. Aiming to address this research gap, this paper includes a review of recent investigations and projects focused on the study of resilient solutions for the design of industrial logistic areas. A bibliometric analysis of the literature published in Scopus database from 1992 to 2022 concerning terms such as Industrial Park, Eco-Industrial Park, or Nature-based Solutions is presented. The results reveal that the connection between Industrial Logistic Parks and Nature-based Solutions is very weak, or almost non-existent. This paper also discusses the project Plataforma Central Iberum-one of the largest industrial logistic spaces (3.5 million sqm) built in Spain- as a case study. This project is one of the first Industrial Logistic Parks developed in this country where nature-based solutions such as the integration of rainwater wetlands, load-bearing permeable pavements, green v-ditch medians, and natural self-sustaining infrastructure parks with diverse native plant species, were implemented. Overall, this paper aims to highlight the urgency to discuss and adopt Nature-based Solutions to render Industrial Logistic Parks more resilient.

Does FDI have differential impacts on exports? Evidence from developing countries

Theoretical literature indicates that foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows can, directly and indirectly, promote exports by augmentation of domestic capital, technological and knowledge-based spillovers, improvements in competitiveness, and strengthening export channels. However, empirical studies have shown that the benefits of FDI for exports may not be automatic and could vary according to the characteristics of the recipient country. Accordingly, the objective of the current study is to understand the implications of foreign investment for exports of 93 developing countries during 2000–2017 using panel data analysis. It also distinguishes between different types of developing countries – dividing the sample into lower-income countries (LICs), lower and middle-income countries (LMICs), and emerging countries – to study the differential effects of FDI for these different country groups. The study finds that FDI complements exports, and the complementary effect is contingent upon the development levels of the host country. FDI is most effective for promoting exports for emerging countries and least effective for LICs. Accordingly, the study advocates for well-designed policies that prioritize channeling FDI to strategic sectors and push for improvements in the quality of human capital, financial markets, and infrastructure. • The study examines the differential impact of FDI on exports for low-income countries (LICs), lower middle-income countries (LMICs) and emerging countries (93 countries in Total). • Unlike other studies, we develop composite indices of infrastructure development and financial sector development using principal component analysis for each country by taking multiple indicators. • The results reveal that beneficial impact FDI on exports varies across different country groups and the export impact is contingent upon the absorptive capacities of developing countries. • The absorptive capabilities such as infrastructure, financial sector development, trade openness, stock of human capital, institutional set up and external sector stability matter the most for the positive exports impact of FDI.

Strategic sectors and the diffusion of the effect of a shock in Mexico for 2008 and 2012

We combine input–output analysis with a diffusion measure and complex network measures of centrality to propose a method to identify strategic or key sectors in an economy. We then apply our method to the case of Mexico for the years 2008 and 2012. Results for Mexico show that the ranking sectors according to the diffusion measure allows identifying strategic sectors with desirable properties such as high centrality and a high correlation to the aggregate effect of a shock. Furthermore, these sectors also have a good performance according to macroeconomic variables, such as exports and value-added. The disaggregation of the aggregate effect of a shock, together with our results on diffusion, suggests that one should focus on sectors with good diffusion to design policy recommendations.

Implementation Government Regulations Number 31 of 2019 Accelerates Halal Product of Indonesian Excelled on the World Stage

Many developed countries with a majority of non-Muslim population have advanced to introduce the country as a country supporting halal products, which are good from food products, medicines, cosmetics and tourism products. Businesses in Indonesia must learn from the majority of non-Muslim countries such as Thailand, South Korea, Mexico, Japan and Spain. Demographically the Muslim population in the country is relatively minimal, but the awareness of businesses towards the needs of the global industry is very high. Lately, halal products are considered as a very potential market. The existence of Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee and regulated in Government Regulation Number 31 of 2019 concerning certification of halal products, is a breath of fresh air for the acceleration of halal products in Indonesia to be able to compete on the world stage. Indonesia has natural diversity that can be promoted for halal and cultural tourism with a variety of foods and tastes manifested in a variety of typical snacks products that number in the thousands. Referring to BPS data, the food and beverage industry is one of the reliable manufacturing sectors. The important role of this strategic sector can be seen from its consistent and significant contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the past five years. This number is predicted to increase along with the awareness of business actors to register their halal legalization. This study aims to see the Indonesian people have legal awareness to use halal products to support the halal industry in Indonesia and see the awareness of businesses in Indonesia that halal products in the industrial era 4.0 is now a must. With the PP No. 31 of 2019 apparently not all business operators in Indonesia have registered their products to have halal label certification.

The chip manufacturing industry: Environmental impacts and eco-efficiency analysis

Semiconductor manufacturing has followed the fate of a large part of industrial production: many companies, around the world, have maintained higher functions (design and engineering) and outsourced other production stages to third-party manufacturers, located mostly in Asia. Some chip companies have thus become “fabless” firms, commissioning the “fabrication” of their product to wafer “foundries” or “fabs”. For the first time, in this paper, by calculating and subsequently analyzing various key environmental performance indicators (KEPIs) from the data of the fabs Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reports, the environmental impacts and the eco-efficiency of the world's leading semiconductor foundries are analyzed and assessed. The aim is to highlight the relations between company size, technological capacity and environmental impact. A preliminary homogenization was necessary to process the company original data and indicators, often related to different units of production, and to obtain raw data in absolute value. Subsequently, adopting a single common manufacturing index (MI), it was possible to obtain and use new comparable performance indicators and KEPIs. The consequent comparative assessment allowed to give a reliable overall picture of the current resource consumption and pollution of this highly strategic sector, highlighting its next heavy environmental challenges. The result, in fact, is that, differently to what happens in many other sectors, in the semiconductor industry, larger company size (higher revenue), higher value added per wafer produced (higher revenue/MI), and higher technological capacity (higher R&D expenses and smaller technology node) are not always related to lower quantities (per unit of production) of water, energy, waste, wastewater and GHG emissions. It is hoped that, for the future, foundry firms, especially those with the most advanced technologies, will invest much more to optimize their resource use and to further reduce GHGs emissions and waste generation.

Development of a low heat-input welding technique for joining thick plates of 250 grade maraging steel to fabricate rocket motor casings

• A low heat-input welding technique for the fabrication of rocket motor casing was devised and implemented. • The novel DP-GMAW reduced heat-input by 67% and RA by 49% compared to conventional GMAW. • DP-GMAW improved weld properties compared to GMAW. Maraging steels are ultra-high strength steels, which are most widely used in different strategic sectors. These steels are well-suited for the fabrication of rocket motor casings, which involves welding as one of the critical manufacturing processes. The major concern regarding welding of maraging steel is the formation of reverted austenite (RA) phase, which deteriorates the mechanical performance of the joints. The conventional arc welding processes involve higher heat-input during welding; the available literature indicates that segregation of alloying elements and the resultant formation of RA are promoted by high heat-input. The present study adopted a novel dual-pulse gas metal arc welding (DP-GMAW) technique, which reduces the heat-input during welding by current pulsing approach. The Dual pulsing approach was capable of 67% reduction of heat-input and 49% reduction of RA when compared to conventional gas metal arc welding (GMAW).

Sustainable marine ecotourism in the togean islands during the covid-19 pandemic

Tourism is a strategic sector for Indonesia in obtaining foreign exchange. To maintain the sustainability of the tourism sector, sustainable tourism operations both now and in the future are sought to operate in a natural capacity for regeneration and productivity of natural resources in the future. This paper is a literature review by collecting information and conducting a narrative review related to the research topic. Several recommendations can be formulated from this paper regarding the sustainability of ecotourism in the Togean Islands. This study proposes several concepts that can be used as references for further research with a research approach that can produce generalizations.

Prediction of Financial Distress Model Altman Z-Score (Study on Shipping Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 Period)

The transportation and logistics industry plays an important and influential role for Indonesia's economic growth. This industry is a strategic sector with promising business prospects in the country. This study aims to analyze the potential for bankruptcy in transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange using the Altman Z-Score model. The sample in this study is a transportation and logistics company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021 consisting of 9 companies. The data source used is secondary data in the form of annual financial statements of transportation and logistics companies. The year period of fnancal statemen used by the researcher is from 2018-2020. The results showed that there are 3 companies that have the potential to experience bankruptcy, namely PT. Pelayaran Nasional Bina Buana Raya Tbk. (BBRM), PT. Berlian Laju Tanker Tbk. (BLTA) and PT. Humpuss Intermoda Transportasi Tbk. (HITS). In addition, there are 3 companies that are in a gray area, and 3 companies that are in a healthy financial condition.

6.G. Workshop: The European Health Data Space 2: is Europe ready to maximise the re-use of health data?

Abstract The EU's Heads of State called in October 2020 to set up a European Health Data Space (EHDS): “The European Council welcomes the creation of common European data spaces in strategic sectors, and in particular invites the Commission to give priority to the health data space”. As a response, multiple initiatives were set-up to engage the views and expectations from EU member states in the development of the upcoming legislative proposal on the EHDS for primary (EHDS1) and secondary use of health data (EHDS2). One of these was the launch of the Joint Action (JA) Towards the European Health Data Space (TEHDAS) in February 2021. The aim of TEHDAS is to support the European Commission (EC) and Member States (MS), identifying the challenges and providing concepts and options for the EHDS2. It is built on the needs and expectations of national and international stakeholders, citizens’ engagement and existing infrastructure. The major expected outcome of this JA is a sustainable roadmap towards the EHDS2 implementation promoting the cross-border sharing of health data for secondary use. The EHDS2 will benefit population health by facilitating the timely exchange of and access to health data, improving not only the care of patients but also facilitating research, epidemiology, disease prevention and data-based policy decisions. This workshop aims to provide an overview of the preparedness of MS to join the EHDS for secondary use of health data, covering current state-of-play of health data management systems in the EU, barriers on the secondary use of health data, the ongoing work on the development and deployment of the EHDS2 infrastructure and finally, how population health research can benefit from the EHDS2. The workshop will begin with a short introduction on the TEHDAS JA, followed by a presentation on the outcomes of the TEHDAS country visits. In these country visits, the state-of-play of the health data management system and the preparedness to join the EHDS2 were mapped in 12 different EU MS. The next presentation will continue with the results from a study that collected more evidence on the barriers to cross-border sharing of health data for secondary use and options on how to overcome these. It will focus on the legal preparedness and barriers and will discuss how the options proposed by experts in the field align with the legislative proposal for the EHDS2. The audience will be able to give their opinion on the different options through an interactive voting poll during the session. Some of the options on how to overcome technical barriers will be taken further in the development of a pilot infrastructure for the EHDS2. Therefore, the last two presentations will focus on the development and deployment of this pilot infrastructure for the EHDS2 and the role and benefits that population health research will have in it. Throughout the workshop there will be discussion sessions between presentations to allow exchange of knowledge, experiences and opinions with the audience. Key messages • The main outputs will support EU countries to prepare their health data management system for the EHDS2 based on the best practices and actions presented. • The presentations will inform and align participants on the current work on the technical EHDS infrastructure that is being developed for secondary use of health data, the EHDS2.

THE CONCEPT OF MANAGING STRATEGIC ENTERPRISES UNDER FOREIGN SANCTIONS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY

In the conditions of unfriendly actions of foreign states, it is necessary to develop relevant methods of minimizing negative consequences, taking into account the interests of the national security of the Russian Federation. The economic drivers of integrated territorial development [1, p. 129] should be based on a rational concept of managing strategic enterprises in order to ensure the technological sovereignty of the country and the security of the state, taking into account the risks of foreign sanctions against the technological and economic development of the country. Special conditions for managing strategic enterprises in the Russian Federation are necessary to implement the long-term development of the enterprise and its counterparties, as a single organism allowing to ensure technological sovereignty. The absence of a conceptual study aimed at forming a functional concept of sovereign management of leading industry enterprises [2, p. 25], with the possibility of attracting national and foreign investments, makes it necessary to develop a balanced management mechanism that allows ensuring the efficiency, effectiveness and economy of managing strategic enterprises with leveling the risks of foreign sanctions. The authors propose to provide an effective mechanism for implementing the management of strategic enterprises simultaneously with their independence from majority investors by developing a unique legal mechanism of interaction that allows for a balance between private investors and public interests. Purpose: legal substantiation of the concept of managing strategic enterprises in the conditions of foreign sanctions within the framework of technological sovereignty, taking into account the interests of the economic security of the country and the long-term strategy of integrated territorial development. Methods: the authors apply a complex of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction) and specific scientific methods of cognition. The reliability and validity of the results obtained in the course of the study is achieved through the integrated application of research methods in their interrelation and interdependence. Results: the authors develop and define the main elements of the concept of managing strategic enterprises under sanctions by creating a framework type of legal relations between foreign investors and strategic enterprises of the Russian Federation. The authors propose the format of legal relations with a foreign investor who invests in strategic sectors of the country’s economy, without the possibility of adverse influence, that allows to ensure a high level of financial attractiveness of projects and to achieve the goals of complex territorial development under the sanctions pressure of foreign states.

A New Approach on Making European Agriculture More Efficient under Uncertainty Conditions

Agriculture is a strategic sector of the European economy in the current economic, social, climatic, and geo-political conditions generated by global crisis and the war in Ukraine. The main objective of the research is to quantify the vulnerabilities of EU agricultural evolution and to assess the opportunities for development through the building of a scoreboard of viable agricultural development solutions in line with the needs expressed in the current unfavourable context. The importance of this research is related to smart agriculture as a solution to the food crisis generated by the same uncertainty conditions. The methods used are empirical literature review and econometric modelling of vulnerabilities based on the dynamic evolution of branch efficiency and effectiveness indicators under exogenous events (economic crisis, geo-political crisis, soil and climate crisis, health crisis), collected from official data sources. The outcome of the study is the identification of viable, implementable solutions to ensure the planned success of the sustainable development of the branch.