Industrial Sphere Research Articles

Comparison between Physics-Based Approaches and Neural Networks for the Energy Consumption Optimization of an Automotive Production Industrial Process

The automotive production sector plays a significant role in the energy consumption of all the industrial sphere, which currently represents approximately 38% of the total global energy use. Especially in production sites with several manufacturing lines working in parallel, the occurrence of failures and anomalies or sudden changes in the production volume may require a re-scheduling of the entire production process. In this regard, a digital twin of each phase of the process would give several indications about the new re-scheduled manufacture in terms of energy consumption and the control strategy to adopt. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to propose different modeling approaches to a degreasing tank process, which is a preliminary phase at automotive production sites before the application of paint to car bodies. In detail, two different approaches have been developed: the first is a physics-based thermodynamic approach, which relies on the mass and energy balances of the system analyzed, and the second is machine learning-based, with the calibration of several artificial neural networks (ANNs). All the investigated approaches were assessed and compared, and it was determined that, for this application and with the data at our disposal, the thermodynamic approach has better prediction accuracy, with an overall mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.30 °C. Moreover, the model can be used to optimize the heat source policy of the tank, for which it has demonstrated, with historical data, an energy saving potentiality of up to 30%, and to simulate future scenarios in which, due to company constraints, a re-scheduling of the production of more work shifts is required.

Interfacing the Control Systems of Enterprise-Level Process Equipment with a Robot Operating System

The analytical section of this paper deals with theoretical knowledge, considering the latest trends in the subject area. To achieve the successful implementation of cobots based on operating systems in manufacturing systems, it is necessary to pay attention specifically to the interfacing of Robot Operating Systems with the control systems of manufacturing systems at the process level of an enterprise. In the practical section, an algorithm with well-defined steps towards the successful implementation of cobots in holonic manufacturing processes is proposed. By setting up an experimental workstation in a laboratory, the proposed procedures are verified at the end of the paper. The creation of a design for the implementation of a collaborative robot with a human represents the missing link in the whole chain of commercial applications of the latest trends from the field of robotic systems in the industrial sphere. The main contributions of this study include the establishment of a communication channel between cobots and programmable logic PLCs (Programmable logic controllers), and an experimental verification of the proposed solution for the implementation of a cooperating robot with a human in a manufacturing system in the laboratory. Another advantage of this paper is the creation of a new procedure for conducting a risk analysis of cooperating robots and multipurpose autonomous devices.

National technological sovereignty and three levels of industrial human resource endowment

Aim. To consider the relationship between vocational education and the industrial sphere, as well as to assess the level of personnel training for industry and changes at the end of the difficult year 2022 on the example of St. Petersburg.Tasks. To determine the current trends in the training of personnel for industry, differences in the assessment of the quality of graduates of St. Petersburg universities and colleges by different groups of economic entities, the dynamics of changes in the last two years.Methods. The article analyses the processes of changes in society and their impact on the system of professional education, industrial adaptation of graduates of St. Petersburg higher and secondary educational institutions on the basis of monitoring of enterprises-members of the Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of St. Petersburg.Results. The article discusses socio-economic processes in modern conditions characterised by increasing technological capabilities and transformation of production relations. The influence of these processes on the social aura and structure of the society, the system of professional education and the production sphere is estimated. The guidelines for ensuring national technological sovereignty on the basis of balanced staffing of various components of the domestic economy are considered. Attention is paid to the formation of rational educational orientations among young people taking into account historically grounded mentality and creative skills, permanent generation of new knowledge and complication of production processes. The conditional division of economically active population into levels by basic categories: age, education, professional hierarchy is proposed.Conclusions. The authors proposed to intensify activities to raise the prestige of engineering labour and promote national scientific and technological achievements, the practice of transferring experience from qualified workers with experience to young people through the mentoring system, attracting teachers with experience in business and industry. Measures to achieve a balance between the system of higher and secondary vocational education and the needs of the labour market were discussed. The division of economically active population in the interests of industrial staffing into levels by basic categories: age, education, professional hierarchy is proposed.

Comprehensive Comparisons between Directing and Alternating Current Electrolysis in Organic Synthesis.

Organic electrosynthesis has consistently aroused significant interest within both academic and industrial spheres. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this field, the majority of electrochemical transformations have been conducted through the utilization of direct-current (DC) electricity. In contrast, the application of alternating current (AC), characterized by its polarity-alternating nature, remains in its infancy within the sphere of organic synthesis, primarily due to the absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework. This minireview offers an overview of recent advancements in AC-driven organic transformations and seeks to elucidate the differences between DC and AC electrolytic methodologies by probing into their underlying physical principles. These differences encompass the ability of AC to preclude the deposition of metal catalysts, the precision in modulating oxidation and reduction intensities, and the mitigation of mass transfer processes.

Comprehensive Comparisons between Directing and Alternating Current Electrolysis in Organic Synthesis

AbstractOrganic electrosynthesis has consistently aroused significant interest within both academic and industrial spheres. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this field, the majority of electrochemical transformations have been conducted through the utilization of direct‐current (DC) electricity. In contrast, the application of alternating current (AC), characterized by its polarity‐alternating nature, remains in its infancy within the sphere of organic synthesis, primarily due to the absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework. This minireview offers an overview of recent advancements in AC‐driven organic transformations and seeks to elucidate the differences between DC and AC electrolytic methodologies by probing into their underlying physical principles. These differences encompass the ability of AC to preclude the deposition of metal catalysts, the precision in modulating oxidation and reduction intensities, and the mitigation of mass transfer processes.

In-Operando Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysis in Acidic Media

The transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources requires the utilization of green hydrogen. Electrolysis is one of the areas gaining support within both government and industry spheres, due to the possibility of producing hydrogen using renewable energy sources at a high gas purity and current density. Despite significant interest in proton-exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode is considered one of the main bottlenecks due to the sluggish electrode kinetics and the instability of many electrocatalysts in acidic electrolytes. This is because it is a four electron reaction with a high activation barrier, and so new active electrocatalysts are needed, which in turn needs a mechanistic understanding to target new materials. In-operando studies can be used to advance the mechanistic understanding of the reaction and shed light into rate-limiting steps as well as elucidate on potential structural changes of the electrocatalysts during the reaction.Here, we report on a modified electrochemical cell for in-operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of the OER using a calcium iridium pyrochlore (Ca2-xIr2O6·H2O) electrocatalyst spray-coated onto Toray carbon paper. 1 Whilst electrochemical techniques such as chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry are utilized in acidic electrolyte (0.1 M H2SO4), changes to the catalyst surface and degradation rates are monitored by XRD. This provides an overall picture of phase and crystallinity changes of the iridium pyrochlore throughout the OER. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), complementary to XRD, is carried out to further determine the iridium oxidation state changes during the catalytic process. The catalyst is furthermore assessed ex-situ by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) in both, pre- and post-electrochemical experiments, to examine changes to its morphology and surface composition. Appropriate cell modifications accounting for mass transport as well as gas bubble formation at the working electrode surface are developed following commercial electrolysis cell designs. This allows studying both, catalyst activity and stability, under realistic operation conditions that is currently unprecedented in the literature.

A Systematic Review of Data-Driven Attack Detection Trends in IoT.

The Internet of Things is perhaps a concept that the world cannot be imagined without today, having become intertwined in our everyday lives in the domestic, corporate and industrial spheres. However, irrespective of the convenience, ease and connectivity provided by the Internet of Things, the security issues and attacks faced by this technological framework are equally alarming and undeniable. In order to address these various security issues, researchers race against evolving technology, trends and attacker expertise. Though much work has been carried out on network security to date, it is still seen to be lagging in the field of Internet of Things networks. This study surveys the latest trends used in security measures for threat detection, primarily focusing on the machine learning and deep learning techniques applied to Internet of Things datasets. It aims to provide an overview of the IoT datasets available today, trends in machine learning and deep learning usage, and the efficiencies of these algorithms on a variety of relevant datasets. The results of this comprehensive survey can serve as a guide and resource for identifying the various datasets, experiments carried out and future research directions in this field.

Effect of Laser Power on the Recrystallization Temperature of an Additively Manufactured IN718

Over the past few decades, there has been much research on additive manufacturing in both the academic and the industrial spheres to overcome the limitations of conventional manufacturing methods, thereby enabling the production of complex designs for improved performance. To achieve this purpose, it is crucial to meticulously set suitable laser parameters within the context of microstructural characteristics, including type and fraction of defects, texture development, residual stress, and grain size, etc. In the present study, we focused on recrystallization behavior, a type of relaxation process for accumulated thermal stress during the L-PBF process, as a function of laser power applied on the L-PBF process. The laser power has significant effects on the amount of recrystallized grain, directly related to the recrystallization temperature. Within the range of laser power used in this study, a downward trend was observed in the recrystallization temperature as the laser power increased from 370 W to 390 W. This trend suggests that higher laser power leads to a faster cooling rate, influenced by the volume of melt pool as well as the amount of heat dissipation from the melt pool, resulting in higher thermal stress during the process.

A Battle for Sweet Success in the Dessert Premix Category in Sri Lanka: With Special Emphasis on Brand Equity Perspective

The Sri Lanka’s Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector has embarked upon in practicing different marketing management elements, given the fact due to, stiff competition prevails in the industry sphere. This paper endeavors to look at the importance of building brand equity in managing a brand with a practical perspective by considering the dessert premix category. This looks at what has made Motha reign as an undisputed leader in the concerned category over competition. Colossal amount of prior research articles has provided ground reviewing theories on the notion of brand equity, but this case study article attempts highlight the practical notions attentive to dessert premix category in Sri Lanka. The author has conducted one on one personal discussion with concerned professionals in the organization. However, since there weren’t any direct articles found related to branding in dessert premix, writer has gone through previous related articles, research data to ascertain certain information to the best of ability.

Synthesis of digital and humanitarian technologies in the problems of managing the fashion industry transformation processes

The study is devoted to the features of the fashion industry transformation into a sustainable ecological ecosystem. The sociocultural sphere of the fashion industry was chosen for analysis, since this sphere directly depends on the public's attitude to the fashion industry cyclical model of functioning. The relevance of the choice is confirmed by the lag in the sociocultural factors study from the results of technological, artistic, aesthetic and environmental aspects research. The problem is exacerbated by the lack of a single center for managing the socio-cultural sphere in a heterogeneous environment of the ecosystem. The purpose of the study is to find ways to regulate the fashion industry socio-cultural sphere in the in conditions of a common control center absence. The concept of regulation the fashion industry socio-cultural sphere was proposed based on synthesis the digital and humanitarian technologies in the process of its transformation into a sustainable ecological ecosystem. Regulation implemented by generation of stimulating impacts on the independent participants of the cyclic process in order to coordinate their behavior for achieving the common goals of the system. For the formation of influences, humanitarian technologies were chosen that able to influence on the behavior of the process operators. The list of digital humanities curricula of iSchool educational network was chosen as a data source. To create incentives, a techno-humanitarian complex was formed, consisting of filtered and harmonized digital humanities and ecological fashion design. It is shown that this complex is able to influence on the socio-cultural components of the fashion industry innovative potential by stimulating of the ecosystem subjects behavior. The possibility of implementing the proposed concept demonstrated by developing a functional model of fashion industry techno-socio-cultural system with the participation of the techno-humanitarian complex

Implementation of the Principles of State Innovation Policy and Ways of State Regulation of Innovation Activities in Financial Support of Innovation Projects

Implementation of the Principles of State Innovation Policy and Ways of State Regulation of Innovation Activities in Financial Support of Innovation Projects

Thermal nondestructive testing: traditional approaches and novel trends (review)

In the last years, thermal testing has shown up as a quickly growing nondestructive evaluation technique. This is explained by wide implementation of composite materials in many industrial spheres, first of all, aviation and aerospace. Inspection of composites by means of traditional nondestructive testing (NDT) methods encounters some difficulties, which can successfully be overcome by using thermal NDT. Moreover, an overwhelming progress in development and commercialization of infrared imagers also took place in the last two decades. On the basis of earlier reviews in the field of thermal NDT, the author has attempted to summarize recent achievements in this field, including inspection methodologies and data processing, as well as development of thermal NDT equipment and applications of this technique. The review describes both national achievements and international approaches, which have been lately proposed in thermal NDT thus making this technique a very promising in NDT of some classes of materials and constructions.

The current trends of the development of the domestic crypto sector in the conditions of the martial law

The threats and challenges facing the digital economy is facing in wartime conditions have been updated. The priorities for the development of the domestic crypto sector have been determined. The place and role of the domestic crypto sector in the global financial system is outlined. The basical norms of the Law of Ukraine “On Virtual Assets” have been analyzed. Based on the analysis of this law, the conceptual approaches to cryptocurrencies, laid down in the current legislation, are revealed. The methodological principles of functional activity and achievements of domestic startups, their place in the system of digital economy are defined. The role, significance and possibilities of crypto-assets as systemic humanitarian aid and additional financing for the support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine were detailed. The attention is focused on the provisions of the unified EU Law “Markets in cryptoassets” (MiCA) and its features are revealed through the prism of the functioning of the global digital market. The goal experience of France with the aim of strengthening regulatory requirements for crypto companies and crypto exchanges is detailed. The experience of the policy of cooperation and the construction of a criminal ecosystem of relations between the crypto exchange “Binance” and the Iranian “Nobitex” is summarized. The method of evasion of sanctions was revealed using the example of the Iranian crypto exchange “Nobitex” in 2022. The potential mechanisms of using virtual assets and cryptocurrencies in order to circumvent sanction pressure by the aggressor state are considered. The modern best practices of foreign regulatory experience in the sphere of virtual assets (UAE, USA) have been determined. A forecast of the future development of the global crypto industry is provided. The directions for further improvement of the national sphere of the crypto industry have been determined. The directions of the development of the national cryptosector are outlined, taking into account the novelties of domestic legislation in this area and the expediency of accelerating the implementation of EU regulatory requirements (the MiCA Law) into Ukrainian realities.

LANDS AND SOILS AS INDEPENDENT COMPONENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT, ISSUES OF THEIR ASSESSMENT, REGULATION AND MANAGEMENT (REVIEW)

In the scientif c and industrial spheres of the country, to date, there have not been clear ideas about the separation of the functions of soils and lands in the f eld of assessment, rationing and quality management, which leads to a confusion of concepts and some confusion in the management of modern environmental management and environ-mental protection. T e features of the functioning of soils and lands as independent components of the environment in matters of their assessment, rationing and quality management system established by the law «On Environmental Protection» are considered. T ere is a certain scientif c and regulatory and methodological inadequacy in relation to the development of indicators for the total assessment of environmental components included in the natural com-plex of lands, especially industrial lands and settlements of the country. T e ideas about acceptable indicators of soil quality and levels of anthropogenic impact on them are generalized. Some attention was also paid to the issues of land standardization with the development of ideas for establishing the natural and natural-anthropogenic background of soils and related features of assessing the quality of soils of lands of various economic purposes. T e paper touches upon the issues of the specif c trinity of the functioning of lands based on the development of ecological, resource and socio-economic components. At the same time, the analysis of socio-economic regulation of land quality con-tributes to the selection of the optimal direction in the organization of sustainable development of the territory and the functioning of the entire natural resource complex of lands. To separate the concepts of «soil» and «land» at the scientif c and practical level, related to the peculiarities of their assessment, rationing and management, it is proposed to pay special attention to the development and adoption of the federal law «On Soil Protection»

Reception of the Gastronomic Culture of Russia by Modern Restaurant Business in a Post-Coffee Situation

Relevance. The sphere of the restaurant industry considered in the article is in close contact with the economy of a particular region, as well as the economy of the country as a whole. The authors are convinced that the restaurant business, like many others, has suffered from the conditions of the coronavirus: a number of restrictive requirements were introduced in the service sector, enterprises were limited in the volume of services provided, in the ways of promoting services on the market. It is concluded that the given strategy of reforming the restaurant product in the economic reception of the gastronomic culture of Russia will give an incentive to the development of the domestic restaurant product.The purpose of the article is to provide an economic justification for the reception of the gastronomic culture of Russia by modern enterprises of the restaurant industry. Objectives: study of the theoretical foundations of the gastronomic brand; consideration of the historical aspect; formulation of a strategy for reforming the restaurant product in the economic reception of the gastronomic culture of RussiaMethodology. To analyze the works of domestic specialists who covered various aspects of restaurant services, state statistics and documentation, the authors relied on such methods as statistical and economic analysis, comparative assessment, causal analysis.Results. Based on the study of the theoretical foundations of the gastronomic brand as a phenomenon of economic theory and taking into account the historical aspect, recommendations were formed on reforming the domestic restaurant product at the reception of the gastronomic culture of Russia.Conclusions. The expert assessment of the economic efficiency of the gastronomic culture of Russia at the enterprises of the restaurant business reveals the problems of the domestic restaurant business. The presented reception routes are based on economic factors, the determining indicators of restaurant activity over the past 2 years are taken into account. According to the authors, the main factors of reforming the restaurant business in the post-crisis period are: the cultural and historical potential of the region, the conceptuality of institutions, target (consumer) audiences, the pricing policy of the enterprise, state support. The above justification will give an incentive to the development of the domestic restaurant product and will lead to an increase in the tourist attractiveness of the regions.

Legal Features of the Digitalisation of Agricultural Machinery Enterprises in Kazakhstan and Globally

The relevance of research is caused by the development and active introduction of new technologies in the sphere of the processing industry and, in this connection, an increase of interest from the state and experts to questions of legal regulation of this process. The scientific article aims to reveal legal features of the turn of Kazakhstan factories producing various machinery and equipment of agrotechnical nature to digital and intellectual tools, through which the essence of production of agricultural mechanical factories of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the whole branch of agricultural engineering, can be radically changed. The article uses the method of empirical and comparative legal analysis of the national legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, international agreements in the relevant areas of mechanical engineering, works of Kazakhstan, and foreign authors on the subject. The results of the article are presented recommendations on the need to adopt several new Kazakhstan laws, new international agreements, and conventions on the problems of digitalisation and intellectualisation of agricultural engineering plants.

Import substitution processesin Russian industry: theoretical and practical aspects

Purpose: of the work is to study the main aspects of Russian import substitution in the context of modern political transformations. Methods: the work uses a systematic approach, the induction-deduction method, the method of assessments and scientific abstractions, the method of classification and systematization, the methods of information analysis and synthesis, the statistical method and the method of data visualization.Results: the author's definition of the term "import substitution" is revealed, which differs from the rest by focusing on the production of innovative and high-tech products both in the domestic and foreign markets with the full support of the state. The problematic issues hindering the development of import substitution processes and reducing the effectiveness of this process in the Russian Federation are identified, which can be overcome and solved if we take into account the world experience of successful import substitution and analyze the indicators of the innovation policy of the Russian economy over the past few years. The key features of import substitution as an economic process are highlighted using statistical information on the share of high-tech products of knowledge-intensive industries in the country's GDP under sanctions. The problems hindering the development and reducing the effectiveness of import substitution processes in the Russian Federation are also disclosed, as well as ways to solve them based on world practice are substantiated. Possible trajectories of the state policy for the development of import substitution have been identified.Conclusions and Relevance: the essence of import substitution should take into account both socio-economic and political factors, which will allow the state to develop steadily in the economic and industrial spheres. Measures to increase the competitiveness of products produced on the domestic market can be the modernization of the technological base of an industrial enterprise, an increase in its efficiency indicators and an emphasis on the production of goods that can withstand healthy competition and have increased added value. When implementing the import substitution policy, it is necessary to improve the industrial complex of Russia and transition to an innovative type of economic development model.

INCREASING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC DRIVES OF SUBWAY CARS

The article proposes the use of a frequency-controlled drive for regulating asynchronous electric motors used on subway cars. The proposed solution creates all the grounds for increasing the energy efficiency of electric cars and, in general, the entire metro. Taking into account that the subway is one of the most used types of urban transport in large cities of Ukraine and at the same time consumes a significant part of electricity, therefore, in the conditions of rising prices for energy resources, these issues become the most urgent. It is shown that the methods of regulation of subway engines are not covered widely enough in scientific research, but the methods of increasing the energy efficiency of drives generally accepted in industrial spheres are a developed direction. This reveals the possibilities of integrating the developed methods for application on subway cars. The use of a frequency converter, which changes the frequency of rotation of the motor rotor by changing the frequency and amplitude of the supply voltage using vector and scalar control, is a generally accepted method of motor regulation. There are a number of conflicting findings in research regarding the use of scalar or vector control, with some favoring the induction vector control system. However, a clear regulation is not required to regulate the operation of metro engines. Therefore, the article considers scalar control, which has not lost its importance due to the ease of implementation and adjustment and is used in various areas of industry and transport. The parameters of the STDa 280-4B-UK type STDa 280-4B-UK traction asynchronous traction motor with a capacity of 180 kW, manufactured by the EMIT Cantoni Motors company, which are installed on subway cars of the 81-7036/7037 series, were used for the study. The parameters of the T-substitution scheme of the asynchronous electric drive and the numerical values of the vectors of the asynchronous motor were calculated. To analyze the operation of an asynchronous motor, the article uses the mechanical characteristic of the dependence of the motor torque on slippage at certain frequency values. It has been established that an asynchronous motor can operate stably only in a limited slip range, when the moment reaches its maximum value and the motor stops, as it has a load limit. The main reason for this is the increase in the influence of the active resistance of the stator winding when the supply voltage frequency decreases. The solution to this problem is the introduction of IR-compensation into the control system of the electric drive, which provides positive feedback on the stator current acting in the voltage channel. To demonstrate the effect of IR compensation, a comparison of mechanical characteristics was made before and after its introduction into the control system. Therefore, it was proved that the application of IR compensation is a promising direction of work, as the value of the electromagnetic moment increases significantly in the case of a low control frequency. Keywords: energy efficiency, asynchronous electric motor, subway, electric drive, scalar control, IR compensation.

The value of physical culture and sports facilities in the formation of a healthy lifestyle

The article examines the place of sports facilities in the general network of physical culture and sports institutions and proposes the concept of their use in the system of physical culture and health activities in the social, household and industrial spheres. Goal. Revealing the importance of sports facilities in the formation of a healthy lifestyle. Methods. Analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature; analysis of regulatory and program-methodical documents in the field of physical culture and sports. The results. Sports facilities make up the largest and most important part of the material and technical base of physical culture and sports. They perform a number of functions, among which the main ones are educational, training and competitive, and the complementary ones are recreational and spectacular. Sports halls, arenas, gyms, separate and complex sports grounds, which usually belong to educational institutions, are used for the widest coverage of youth in physical education and sports. the effectiveness of the use of sports facilities should be carried out not only by improving the methods of their operation, but also by creating new types of facilities that will meet the requirements of work throughout the year. Conclusions. Strengthening the material and sports base of sports and building new sports facilities is a necessary condition for the formation of a healthy nation. Modern sports facilities play a special role in improving the health of Ukrainians. Today, the construction of sports facilities is gaining more and more importance. But in Ukraine, the necessary modern sports infrastructure at the place of study, living, work and recreation has not yet been formed. Therefore, without any doubt, the construction, revival, reconstruction of sports and health facilities is one of the most important social tasks, which can significantly raise the level of physical culture and sports, contribute to the formation of a healthy lifestyle, improve the comfort and architectural attractiveness of this or that neighborhood or student town. Despite the fact that the construction and reconstruction of buildings and constructions of sports and recreation is one of the most material and labor-intensive types of production in the development of the material and technical base of sports, there is no other way to solve this problem.

THE RECONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE CRAFT WORKSHOP IN RELATION TO «ARTS AND SCIENCES»

The well-established formula of «sciences and arts» contained the main principle of the knowledge structure of the eighteenth century, i.e. the combination of science and practice, science and technology, which meant a special place for the craft workshop as an experimental production space. At the same time, craft workshops, i.e. art chambers at the Academy of Sciences, turned into experimental laboratories of their time, where experimental science took shape. It marked the beginning of the industrial revolution, where fundamental (theory) and applied (practice) science in the development of industry and the entire economy played a decisive role. Peter I started a trend that is clearly visible today, which aimed to promote scientific achievements for the sphere of industry, using the creative potential of scientists, “artists”, artisans, and those referred to as technologists and engineers today. The study employs the methods of social topology.