Special Missions Research Articles

INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC RESPONSIBILITIES OF STATES

The subject of the article is international legal aspects of economic responsibility of states. The aim of the article is to find an answer to the problematic issues of economic responsibility of states and its international legal aspects. Different concepts of economic responsibility are analyzed due to the lack of a unified approach to it both in economics and in related branches of law. It is noted that the institution of economic responsibility is designed to stabilize the relations of socio-economic development, the interests of participants in social exchange and to achieve the goals of sustainable development. From the international legal point of view of understanding economic responsibility, the state bears two types of responsibility – material (economic) and non-material (political). And international legal responsibility of the state is considered as an institution of the law of international responsibility. It is from this point of view the economic responsibility of the state is considered by international lawyers and specialists in the field of international relations. The methodology of the article is based on the fact that there are three basic mechanisms of liability – derivative of property rights, contracts, and torts. Contract law deals with breaches of duty, tort law deals with accidental or intentional injury to persons or property, and property law deals with misappropriation or interference with property rights. It is concluded that the state is the same economic entity in terms of economics as all equal economic entities. However, the applicability of the means of economic responsibility in the international legal aspect is complicated by the immunity of the state with regard to its property. Therefore, there are signs of liability not for all property, but only for that which has certain signs of applicability – use for commercial purposes, connection with the subject matter of the claim. In the aspect of economic responsibility, there is a distinction between immunity from jurisdiction and immunity from enforcement. The problem of differentiation of commercial and state property is outlined, attention is focused on the existence of certain categories of state property, the public nature of which is not in doubt and which are not considered possible for economic (property) responsibility for the conduct of diplomatic and consular activities of their missions, consulates, special missions, etc., whose immunity is enshrined in the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961; military property, as well as property used for military purposes; property that is part of the cultural heritage of a foreign state or part of its archives, as well as property that is part of an exhibition of items of scientific, cultural or historical significance. It is also concluded that economic responsibility in international law is not always associated with the negative consequences of unlawful behavior, because it can also be applied as a result of lawful behavior, leading to the infliction of harm to other subjects. Thus, the economic responsibility of the state is on the verge of regulation of public and private law. This is its peculiarity and complexity of its application to the state.

Future aircraft concepts and design methods

AbstractWith an annual growth in travel demand of about 5% globally, managing the environmental impact is a challenge. In 2019, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) issued emission reduction targets, including well-to-wake greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduced at least 50% from 2005 levels by 2050. This discusses several technologies from an aircraft design perspective that can contribute to achieving these targets. One thing is certain: aircraft will look different in the future. The Transonic Truss-Braced Wing and Flying V configurations are promising significant efficiency improvements over conventional configurations. Electric propulsion, in various architectures, is becoming a feasible option for general aviation and commuter aircraft. It will be a growing field of aviation with zero-emissions flight and opportunities for special missions. Lastly, this paper discusses methods and design processes that include all relevant disciplines to ensure that the aircraft is optimised as a complete system. While empirical methods are essential for initial design, Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation (MDO) incorporates models and simulations integrated in an optimisation environment to capture critical trade-offs. Concurrent design places domain experts in one site to facilitate collaboration, interaction, and joint decision-making, and to ensure all disciplines are equally considered. It is supported by a Collaborative Design Facility (CDF), an information technology facility with connected hardware and software tools for design analysis.

Analisis karakteristik aerodinamika telescopic wing dengan konfigurasi sayap flying wing dan glider menggunakan metode pendekatan simulasi CFD

A telescopic wing is a shape-changing method of the aircraft wing known as the morphing wing system. Wingspan extends capability on telescopic wing increasing the aspect ratio to get a high lift force. The telescopic wing on a flying wing configuration as an external wing and glider wing as an internal wing can be used to increase the coefficient lift (CL) when carrying out special missions. The aerodynamic characteristics using the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation approach is presented. For the 40% internal wingspan, the highest CL increment was 12.9% at a 10o angle of attack. For the 50% internal wingspan, the highest CL increment was 14.9% at a 10o angle of attack. on the 40% internal wing, the highest coefficient drag (CD) increment was 4.7%, and the largest CD increment on 50% internal was 9.5% at the angle of attack of 20o. The pressure distribution along the internal wingspan was uneven from an angle of attack of 15o due to the wing tip vortices of the external wing. Streamline pattern shown a bubble separation from the leading edge at an internal wing root by external wing tip vortices.Keywords: Morphing wing, telescopic wing, flying wing, glider

Criminal personality in a trained elite military and assassination

This article aims to explain the base personality traits in a case of murder perpetrated by a subject who developed professional activities in the elite military field (he was a sniper specialized in special missions abroad), what repercussions or juridical-legal consequences it entailed for the crime of murder (a civilian) that he perpetrated, and the sentence issued for that purpose.

Conception of 120 mm Kinetic Energy Fragmentating Projectile (PELE) for Leopard 2 Tank. Part 1. Numerical Calculations

Ammunition used by modern tanks is generally designed to fight strongly armour cladded vehicles and concentrated groups of infantry. Deployment of strongly armour cladded combat vehicles to special missions and asymmetrical conflicts is useful due to their resistance against firing by the infantry. The optimisation of used ammunition and often the development of completely new types is required for efficient use of tanks. The paper presents some studies on selected options of 120 mm kinetic energy fragmentating projectile (PELE) which can be successfully used in urban areas. A review of accessible scientific data was made to analyse possibilities for using some types of materials as components of these projectiles. Projectile’s shell was made of 1045 steel, and the cores were made of aluminium 1050 or polyamide 12.

FUNCTIONS AND TASKS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION FOR ENSURING THE SECURITY OF DIPLOMATIC OBJECTS IN UKRAINE

The current existence of our state is connected with external armed aggression, violation of its territorial integrity and inviolability and other challenges to national security in many areas. There is a urgent need to seek political and diplomatic support for Ukraine from powerful democracies and international security institutions. Formation of a positive image of Ukraine in the world, establishment of mutually beneficial bilateral and multilateral relations, obtaining political and economic support of partners are possible only under the condition of creation and effective functioning of diplomatic mechanisms. Diplomatic missions, consular posts and special missions operating in Ukraine play an important role in this process. Creating proper conditions for the activities of such diplomatic missions, ensuring their security and establishing effective communication is the responsibility of the authorized subjects of public administration of our country. Scientific research in the field of public safety management of such facilities does not lose its relevance and is aimed at developing scientifically sound practical recommendations in this area.The article considers the functioning of the organizational and legal mechanism of public administration of security of diplomatic facilities in Ukraine. The study is based on the historical experience of the development of certain aspects and priorities of Ukraine's foreign policy. The relationship with the peculiarities of public administration in the field of security of diplomatic missions, persons and facilities that enjoy international protection in the host country. Some norms of the basic international conventions accepted in the field of diplomatic, consular activity, functioning of special missions and representations of the states in their relations with the international organizations of universal character are analyzed. Typical functions of public administration are investigated. The functions of state management to ensure the security of diplomatic facilities in Ukraine, which are designed to provide forecasting, planning, organization, regulation, coordination, accounting and control in this area of relations. On the basis of the defined functions of public administration the list of tasks which should provide their practical realization is offered.

НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ ЖИТТЄЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОМПЛЕКСУ БОЙОВОГО ЕКІПІРУВАННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦЯ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ДОСВІДУ ПРОВІДНИХ КРАЇН СВІТУ

The location of the system of life-support in the complex of battle equipment of servicemen of subdivisions of military secret service of Land forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and perspective directions of her improvement are determined with the use of experience of leading countries of the world. The battle equipment of servicemen must answer the modern requirements of the tactics based on the new going near implementation of combat and special missions. Component part of complex of battle equipment is the system of life-support of serviceman. The system of life-support is totality of facilities of complex of battle equipment, that provides the vital functions of serviceman in composition of subdivisions and in tearing away from basic forces at executed combat missions. The system of life-support of complex of battle equipment includes the individual arming, engineering facilities, material property, food, medical facilities and facilities of monitoring of the physiology state of serviceman. One of priority directions of researches there is medical control of the functional state of servicemen and position-fix of scotched at development of the system of life-support of complex of battle equipment. Decimators, connection and management, and also providing of survival, vitality and mobility have decision influence on ability of serviceman in good time and qualitatively to execute the tasks put before him. The American specialists under a survival mean ability of serviceman provide the personal vital functions in a battle situation, that depends first of all on the level of preparation, adequate feed, medical providing and clothing. Due to modern development of technique, economic and demographic reasons today soldiery forces of NATO (The USA and Europe) began realization of the general programs, sent to reduction to the personnel, modernisation and restructuring of operative possibilities of their armies. Within the framework of these programs a project appeared under the name «Soldier of the future», that unites in itself work in area of increase of the productivity and efficiency of the separately taken fighter on the basis of technological achievements of XXI of century. For the armed forces of the USA the worked out system that is able to watch the bodily condition of soldiers. The system unites in itself the row of medical devices for determination of physical parameters of fighters: frequencies of heart-throbs, temperature of body, pressure, level of stress. The system is able to process data that come, and in case of necessity to pass them to medical service for realization of necessary actions. The analysis of consequences of battle actions showed that the half of victims that died would survive almost, if previous medical help would be given them during the first six hours upon receipt damages. Thus 10-15% reanimation events need victims during the first 10-30 min upon receipt defeats, otherwise they perish from bleeding, impassability of standard or heavy damage of cerebrum. In this connection there is a necessity of the use of the permanent checking system after the physiology state of servicemen and receipt of emergency signal in the moment of registration of deviations from the set intervals of norm regardless of location of the coverage of off-wire network staggered (patient) within the limits of zone. Development over of modern methods of diagnostics together with swift development of informatively-communication technologies was brought to creation quite of new methods of grant of medicare, where an important role is played exactly by information technologies. Keywords: system of life-support, individual arming, monitoring of the physiology state of serviceman, medical facilities.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЩЕБЕНЕВИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ВИРОБНИЦТВА АТ «НІКОПОЛЬСЬКИЙ ЗАВОД ФЕРОСПЛАВІВ» ПІД ЧАС БУДІВНИЦТВА АВТОМОБІЛЬНИХ ДОРІГ

Disposal of secondary materials is intended for the conservation of natural resources and the speedy maintenance of travels, as it is necessary to dispose of them in special missions. Utilization will be attracted by the countries of the European Union, in which all directives are in accordance with the provisions for managing the inputs. On the current year in Ukraine, there is no food utilization in the industry, that is why this part is located at the doorways that carry in itself a great risk for ecology, and only insignificant part is to be utilized in future events. This paper presents the results of a study of crushed stone materials produced by JSC «NIKOPOL FERROAL ALLOYS PLANT». Experimental researches on establishment of physical and mechanical properties of crushed stone of fraction of 5 – 10 mm, crushed stone of fraction of 10 – 20 mm, crushed stone of fraction of 20 – 40 mm, crushed stone of fraction of 40 – 70 mm, crushed stone-sand mix with the maximum grain size of 20 mm, crushed stone sand mixture with a maximum grain size of 40 mm, crushed stone-sand mixture with a maximum grain size of 70 mm and sand from screenings of crushing fraction 0 – 5 mm. The conformity of the studied materials to the requirements of national standards is established and the field of their application for the device of constructive layers of pavement is defined. Additional materials can be used without viscous for crushed stone spheres of road bedding (cover, base, additional basis), as well as with organic binders at the storage of asphalt concrete , black crushed stone, sums of organo-minerals from milling materials of road surfaces, which are prepared using the method of cold recycling, crushed stone-fueled sums, overgrown with inorganic knitting or a complex of knitting. Victory of pre-existing crushed stone materials for an hour of development of automobile roads to allow the change of technogenically new ones to the new environment, change of debts on the basis of victories of natural crushed stone materials and resources of vitality. Keywords: industrial wastes, road pavement, metallurgical slag, crushed stone, crushed stone-sand mixtures.

Control of quadrotor trajectory tracking with sliding mode control optimized by neural networks

Quadrotor or unmanned helicopter is a mobile robot which often flies in unknown environment to perform special missions. In navigational tasks, the robot is intended to fly autonomously toward a target position by following an optimum trajectory. For a successful navigation, controlled attitude, minimum position and velocity error and obstacles collision avoidance are often considered during trajectory tracking procedure. By considering environmental variabilities and due to the existence of noises, uncertainties and unpredictable factors, it is indispensable to steer and control moving robots using sophisticated autonomous algorithms. In this work, a nonlinear model of four-rotor helicopter is simulated. An optimized terminal sliding mode control is then designed to control trajectory tracking. In order to improve the time indices for sliding mode controller, this controller is modified with neural networks. The idea is to optimize the controller parameters through a network learning process which is based on the control process error. The proposed method is evaluated with simulated and real-world indoor navigation tasks. Trajectories that are tracked by quadrotor are generated by a simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm and refined with an optimization technique. A well-known simultaneous localization and mapping technique (a camera-based extended Kalman filter-simultaneous localization and mapping) is employed to generate maps, and a path planning algorithm (particle swarm optimization) is utilized to optimize a collision-free flight path using the probability-based maps generated by simultaneous localization and mapping. Simulations and experiment are done in unknown but structured indoor environments containing a number of obstacles. The steady state error, the reaching and settle time and the chattering effect are all quantified and assessed. The controlled experimental flight robustness and sensitivity are further verified for noises occurred on vision and data acquisition system. Results indicate suitable performance for the proposed neural network-sliding mode controller. Less error and more stability were achieved comparative to the conventional sliding mode controllers.

Implementation of a low titer group O whole blood program for a law enforcement tactical team.

The Texas Ranger Special Operations Group (SOG) performs high-risk warrant service and responds to callouts for evolving kinetic situations and special missions as required. These operations may occur many hours from a trauma center. Fresh whole blood (FWB) transfusions may offer a stopgap for those who are critically injured. To make FWB transfusions a viable option, several steps must be implemented. The following lays out how the Texas Ranger SOG will implement and conduct FWB transfusions using low titer group O whole blood. The techniques outlined may be useful for communities that may face critical blood shortage in disasters.

Iranian Nurses' Experiences of Workplace Violence in Prehospital Emergency Care

Prehospital emergency care nurses experience severe workplace violence. However, despite the widespread violence they experience, this phenomenon has not been well studied among these nurses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Iranian nurses working in prehospital setting regarding workplace violence with a focus on the factors leading to such violence. In this qualitative descriptive study, 23 prehospital nurses participated purposefully. The data were collected by individual face-to-face semistructured interviews and analyzed using content analysis methodology. Data analysis led to the identification of 4 main themes, including job competency mismatch, inadequate resources, criticality of the situation and circumstances, and inadequate awareness and misplaced expectations of society. These nurses have not completed specialized training courses, work in a system that is in a critical situation, and face many barriers and deficiencies in terms of intra- and interorganizational coordination. On the other hand, people in the community do not have sufficient awareness about the duties and services provided by prehospital nurses and thus have unrealistic expectations to receive services. The results showed that there was a deep gap between the prehospital emergency realities and public expectations, leading to workplace violence. Therefore, efforts to improve the working conditions of nurses with an emphasis on teaching specialized prehospital emergency courses, especially violence control courses, promoting intra- and interorganizational coordination, and increasing the equipment and personnel of ambulances for special missions, as well as raising the public awareness and outlining more realistic expectations, may reduce the prevalence of violence against prehospital nurses.

Война любой ценой! Французская пропаганда в России в 1917 году

In the period between the two Russian revolutions of 1917 Russia’s Allies were intensifying constantly their efforts to affect the development of domestic affairs in Russia. Various French representatives in Russia were actively carrying out a propaganda work. This activity was boosted during the visit to Russia of a prominent French socialist and member of the French Government A. Thomas. It was his initiative to create a unified French organization using existing French centres of propaganda and to involve new people in its activities. Special missions and individuals were sent to Russia to exercise an influence on various groups of the Russian society. French socialists were trying to convince their Russian colleagues — first of all members of the Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies — that for establishing a truly lasting peace it was necessary to destroy German militarism. Soldiers and officers from the French military missions were visiting Russian army units striving to convince Russians to continue fighting until complete victory. The French propagandist organization was publishing and distributing numerous leaflets and other materials all around Russia. The article studies the main directions of these activities and means which were used. That helps to better understand the goals pursued by the French government’s policy in Russia between the February and the October Revolutions of 1917.

Complete coverage path planning for an Arnold system based mobile robot to perform specific types of missions

We propose a contraction transformation algorithm to plan a complete coverage trajectory for a mobile robot to accomplish specific types of missions based on the Arnold dynamical system. First, we construct a chaotic mobile robot by combining the variable z of the Arnold equation and the kinematic equation of the robot. Second, we construct the candidate sets including the initial points with a relatively high coverage rate of the constructed mobile robot. Then the trajectory is contracted to the current position of the robot based on the designed contraction transformation strategy, to form a continuous complete coverage trajectory to execute the specific types of missions. Compared with the traditional method, the designed algorithm requires no obstacle avoidance to the boundary of the given workplace, possesses a high coverage rate, and keeps the chaotic characteristics of the produced coverage trajectory relatively unchanged, which enables the robot to accomplish special missions with features of completeness, randomness, or unpredictability.

Employment Suggestions for Executives in Special Warfare Units Based on Job Competency

본 연구의 목적은 특수전부대 간부의 취업역량 분석을 통해 그들이 지니고 있는 우수한 역량과 이에 적합한 직업(군)을 도출하고자 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특수전부대 간부의 취업역량 분석결과 업무수행능력 보유수준은 신체적 강인성 능력이 가장 높게 나타났으며 행동조정능력, 공간 지각능력, 서비스 지향능력 등으로 나타났고 조작 및 통제능력과 고장의 발견ㆍ수리능력이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 특수전부대 간부가 일반인 재직자에 비해 상대적 우위를 가지는 역량으로 업무능력은 논리적 분석, 창의력, 추리력, 선택적 집중력, 공간지각력, 학습전략, 선택적 집중력, 사람파악, 행동조정, 모니터링, 가르치기, 설득, 협상, 서비스지향, 파단과 의사결정, 문제해결, 인적자원관리, 작동분석 등 21개 항목으로 나타났다. 셋째, 특수전부대 간부가 상대적 우위를 가지는 역량을 통한 적합직업(군) 도출 결과 총822개의 적합 직업이 도출되었으며, 적합 직업(군)별로는 사회복지, 문화, 예술, 방송 분야의 문화예술 디자인 방송 관련 직업과 관리, 경영, 보험 등의 순으로 나타났다. 연구의 한계는 특수전부대로 한정하여 그들의 보유역량과 직업(군)을 도출 하였으므로 제대군인 전반으로 일반화하기에는 한계가 있다. 따라서 향후 연구로는 특수임무를 수행하고 있는 부대들을 대상으로 범위를 확대하여 상호 비교와 평가를 통해 보다 구체화된 전직지원 정책이 발전이 필요하다.This research aims to analyze the job competency of executives in special warfare units and then suggest the appropriate job categories for them based on their specific capabilities. The results of this study are as follows. First, it is found that the highest level of their job competency was physical possessive ability, followed by behavior coordination ability, spatial perception ability, and service orientation ability. Second, compared to the general incumbents, the executives in special warfare units had a relative strength in job competency on 21 items including logical analysis, creativity, behavioral coordination, monitoring, teaching, persuasion, and so on. Third, based on their job competency, a total of 822 job categories were suggested as suitable occupations for executives in special warfare units. However, the findings cannot be generalized to all veterans, and there is a need of further studies to expand the scope to comparative evaluation across the units performing special missions so that they can be used as guidance in developing a policy supporting job transfer.

Characteristics of the gravity field of predictive oil-gas areas in the DDD region according to satellite model EGM08 and gravity measurements at the beginning of the XX century

Gravimetric information is the basis for mineral exploration. The foundations of resource research in Ukraine were started by a large-scale gravimetric survey performed by the Poltava Gravimetric Observatory (PGO) in 1926—1934. Modern geological exploration uses information from Earth remote sensing, obtained with the help of special equipment installed on space vehicles. Satellite data on the distribution of gravitational anomalies (D g ) are displayed in the model of the gravitational field of the Earth EGM08, created for the practical use on the data of the special missions CHAMP and GRACE. The features of the structure of the gravitational field for perspective oil and gas areas located in the Dnieper-Donetsk depression (DDD) are considered, based on the model EGM08 and gravity measurements performed in the first half of the XX century. This al-lows: 1) to test the geological information of the model EGM08; 2) to assess the nature of the age-old changes in gravity in areas that have a specific and similar geological structure by comparing these data sets. For most sites it is typical: 1) the complex structure of the field of gravity, the presence of local “potential wells” with fluctuations in gravity anomalies of 10―30 mGl, characteristic of fault zones; 2) mainly negative values of anomalies by area (D g < 0), which is typical for the rocks with reduced density and increased porosity. These results confirm the correct nature of the model EGM08. The secular changes of the gravity dD g for the corresponding points were estimated as the anomaly difference according to the EGM08 model data and the classical measurements previously reduced to the WGS84 system. For most points, there are: 1) a multidirectional change in dD g ; 2) for about 20 % of points the values |dD g | ³ 5 mGl, which does not exclude the influence of local technogenic or geophysical factors. A statistically significant increase in the age-old change in gravity on + 3.3 mGl was found for the northwestern section of site No. 2 (Lokhvitsa segment of DDD), where the density of groundbased measurement points is high.

Картографирование Якутской области во второй половине XIX века: к 150-летию Чукотской экспедиции Г. Л. Майделя

The article is devoted to Chukotka expedition of 1868–1870 to the North-East of Russia under the leadership of G. L. Maydell, the official for special missions of the Eastern Siberia General Directorate, and is presented in connection with the 150th anniversary of its beginning. Along with administrative and management objectives the expedition was entrusted with a task of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and the Imperial Russian Geographical Society to conduct scientific observations and collect geographical data. The longest part of the expedition route passed through the territory of the Yakutsk province (oblast’), thus the bulk of scientific results concerns just to this region. Topographic, geodetic, and cartographic works performed during the expedition by G. L. Maydell, surveyor P. Afanasyev, and astronomer K. Neumann, as well as an in-depth analysis of maps published by Military Topographic Department of the General Staff for this area before, made it possible for G. L. Maydell to compile maps of the Atlas published by the Academy of Sciences as part of the expedition records. The maps of this Atlas are characterized and the methods are regarded of their compilation and original features. It is suggested that G. L. Maydell, being familiar with the advanced works by P. A. Kropotkin and E. A. Koversky, used some of their techniques to confirm the reliability and accuracy of the Yakutsk province (oblast’) map. The uniqueness and scientThe uniqueness and scientific significance of G. L. Maydell’s cartographic works are confirmed by the fact that the map of the Yakutsk province (oblast’), published in the Atlas of 1896, was recognized as the only relatively complete and accurate cartographic depiction of the area during nearly three following decades.

A reconfigurable SDR architecture for parallel satellite reception

Small satellites have moved from being a niche sector for research to special missions, such as disaster monitoring, Earth observation, remote sensing, communications, and navigation [1]. This is evident in Spaceworks' projection (Figure 1) based on announced and future plans of developers and programs indicating around 2,000 small satellites to be launched in the next four years [2]. Also, the trend of small satellite constellations is continuously increasing due to [3], [4] their simplicity and low mass, which makes them the ideal candidates for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations [5]. As shown in Figure 2, the categorization of future multisatellite missions is based on the number of satellites and the type of mission. Universities, government, and commercial institutions developing CubeSats and smallsats for the purposes of performing space-based research still rely heavily on amateur communication technology and frequency allocations. The problem is compounded by the shortage of available frequencies in very high frequency (VHF), ultra high frequency (UHF), and S-bands due to rapid increase in the number of CubeSats orbiting the Earth [6]. This has created strain for licensing and coordinating organisations such as the Federal Communication Commission and the International Amateur Radio Union [7], [8].

CRISIS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF EU-UKRAINE SECURITY COOPERATION

Cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of security constitutes an important part of bilateral relations since declaration of Ukraine’s independence. Interaction in the field of crises resolution and creating conditions for the peaceful settlement of conflict is one of the dimensions of the cooperation development. According to the documents it’s stated that there was the mutual interest of the parties to develop this aspect of cooperation, which, however, was based on different motives. Ukraine sought to use this tool to strengthen its international position. Meanwhile the EU was guided by the idea that cooperation might become a mechanism for spreading the principles of democracy and good governance in order to achieve stability and guarantee security in the region. At the same time, the article argues that dualism of interaction between Ukraine and the EU in this area takes place. On the one hand, the EU plays a role of crisis manager to settle the critical situations that have appeared on the territory of the Ukrainian state. On the other hand, representatives of Ukraine successfully participate in missions and operations of the European Union aimed to resolve crises and conflicts. In the first case, the approach of Brussels and the EU’s contribution to resolving such crisis like the process of nuclear disarmament of Ukraine, the events of Maidan in 2004, the political crisis in late 2013, and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict are analyzed. The other side of cooperation is viewed in the context of Ukraine’s participation in the EU special missions, for example, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Moldova, Georgia. In addition, an attention is paid to an intensification of defense cooperation, which is recognized an important aspect of stabilizing the situation in Ukraine as well as a significant part of interaction in the context of the Global Strategy for the European Union’s Foreign and Security Policy implementation. The factors that influence the prospects for further cooperation are studied as well. It is noted that the main obstacles to rise up the effectiveness of cooperation are certain limitations of the capabilities of both Ukraine and the EU. However, it is emphasized that it is impossible to ensure the safety of EU citizens, a key priority of the current strategy of the Union, without restoring the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine.

The Immunities of Members of Special Missions

The Immunities of Members of Special Missions

An Integrated Algorithm of CCPP Task for Autonomous Mobile Robot under Special Missions

Due to the difficult problem of avoiding obstacles to achieve the complete coverage path planning (CCPP) for special missions, this paper introduces a novel integrated algorithm of CCPP for autonomous mobile robot under an obstacles-included environment. The algorithm combines cellular decomposition approach and the Standard map together for designing. The cellular decomposition approach is used to simplify the given workplace into smaller sub-regions for coverage via a chaotic path planner. The planner is constructed based on the chaotic Standard map at full mapping and produces the needed trajectories inside each decomposed sub-region. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the designed method.