Significant Wound Healing Research Articles

Wound Healing Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Lycopersicon Esculentum Seeds and Ficus Racemosa on Wistar Rats

In the Present study Investigation on the preliminary phytochemicals screening of ethanolic extract showed the presence of Resin, Protin, Quinones, Anthraquinon, Carbohydrates, Alkaloids, Glycoside, Steroids, and Phenols. By ethanol extract using standardized procedure and also subjected to wound healing activity exhibited significant wound healing activity with respect to control biological effects of its extracts ointment, mainly the ones related to wound process. The present data clearly showed that the extract of dried Seeds of Lycoperscon esculentum seeds and Ficus racemosa has wound healing activity the highly significant response of some extracts .The result obtained from the excision wound model, Effect of EECG on Percentage Wound Contraction and Epithelialization Period. During the course of treatment the extract was found to show its preliminary effect from day 4 up to day 16.

Formulation and characterization of tea tree and jojoba oils nano-emulgel for in-vivo wound healing assessment

Cutaneous wounds are the most common surgical affections among living organisms worldwide, and their healing may be interrupted by several factors. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity of tea tree and jojoba oils nano-emulsions, additionally, investigating the cytotoxicity of the optimized formula was investigated on normal human lung fibroblast cells (WI-38) by MTT colorimetric assay, additionally its in-vivo wound healing. Nano-emulsions (NEs) were prepared using a high-energy method and characterized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zeta potential, droplet size, and poly dispersive index (PDI). Nano-emulgel (NEG) was formulated by mixing the standard NE with carbopol® 940. For in-vivo wound healing, thirty adult female albino rats were assigned into control, moist exposed burn ointment (Mebo), and NEG-treated groups. The healing was assessed by analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and histopathology in healed wound tissues. All formulations demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity against Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. The CC50 of the optimized formula was 453.82± 3.87 µg/mL, with a mean droplet size of 105.4 nm and a zeta potential of −39.2 ± 2.1 mV. NEG enhanced wound closure compared to Mebo-treated and control groups. Also, MDA significantly decreased and SOD significantly increased in NEG and Mebo-treated groups compared to the control (p ˂ 0.05). TNF-α, and IL-1β significantly decreased in NEG and Mebo-treated compared to the control (p < 0.05). Histopathology revealed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, rapid epithelization, and increased collagen deposition in NEG-treated wound tissues compared to the control and Mebo-treated wounds. In conclusion, the NEG containing tea tree and jojoba oils demonstrated significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound healing activities.

Optimization In-vitro Evaluation and Scratch Wound Healing Assay of Hexacosane Topical Gel for Wound Healing.

The compounds hexocosane, a sterol hydrocarbon identified in the dichloromethane extract and isolated from marine sponges of the genus Agelas. Hexocosane possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities that reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, they promote cell proliferation and angiogenesis, facilitating tissue regeneration and repair. This multifaceted approach makes this secondary metabolite a promising candidate for developing advanced wound care therapies that effectively address both infection control and wound healing. On the basis of viscosity, in-vitro release, and skin retention, optimal gel formulations were developed with hexocosane (1%) to achieve the best results. A response surface methodology Box-Behnken design was applied on three factors and three levels [carbopol 940 (1, 1.25 and 1.5%), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (1,1.5 and 1.2%), and propylene glycol (0–1–1.5% and 1–2%, respectively] using three factors and three levels. In order to assess the spreadability and viscosity, a glass slide and a Brookfield viscometer were used. An assay was conducted to determine how topical gel affects wound healing. The optimization study of the gel formulation, involving variations in adhesive polymer (Carbopol 940), release retarding polymer (HPMC K4M), and penetration enhancer (Surfactant), has identified three noteworthy formulations (F4, F8 &amp; F14). Each formulation is characterized by specific attributes such as viscosity, in-vitro drug release, and skin retention. All samples were found to elicit significant wound healing efficacy as evidenced from the representative photomicrographs. The maximum efficacy was elicited by formulation (F4) with 100 mg drug at the time duration of 36 hours.

Evaluating the Current Landscape of Epidermolysis Bullosa Treatments: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) encompasses a group of rare blistering disorders that affect both the skin and mucous membranes. There is currently no cure for EB, and only supportive treatment is available to manage symptoms of pruritus and wounds. This paper analyzes the current treatment modalities of epidermolysis bullosa and provides a comprehensive review. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed using relevant keywords and MeSH terms. Inclusion criteria included manuscripts published in the English language and must include a control group. Two independent reviewers will assess study eligibility based on predetermined criteria. Data extraction will cover study characteristics, participant demographics, treatment outcomes, and relevant findings. Results: 21 articles were identified which examined the effects of various interventions for the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa. Gene therapy studies demonstrated promising results, specifically those transducing the COL7A1 gene into patients showed significant wound healing. Topical therapies with bermagene geperpavec, diacerin, and b-vec showed promising results, while oleogel S-10 and SD-101 had mixed results. Oral therapies, including those with tetracycline, mycophenolate mofetil, serlopitant, and ECG showed limited results in improving patient outcomes. Conclusion: The current literature shows a wide range of investigated therapies for the treatment and management of epidermolysis bullosa. Treatment modalities identified in this literature review were categorized into gene, oral, or topical therapies. While gene therapy stood out as an effective intervention in improving wound healing and patient reported outcomes, challenges were persistent amongst studies including small sample sizes and limited follow-up, warranting cautious optimism.

Clinical Evaluation of AMNIODERM+® Wound Dressing Containing Non-Viable Human Amniotic Membrane: Retrospective-Perspective Clinical Trial.

Chronic wounds result from the body's inability to heal, causing pain, pathogen entry, limited treatment options, and societal burden. Diabetic foot ulcers are particularly challenging, often leading to severe complications like leg amputation. A clinical study tested AMNIODERM+®, a new device with a lyophilized human amniotic membrane (HAM), on chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Participants had diabetic neuropathic or neuroischemic leg wounds (2-16 cm2) unhealed by 20% after six weeks of standard care. This study showed significant wound healing improvements with AMNIODERM+®. The median wound size reduction after 12 weeks was 95.5%, far exceeding the null hypothesis of 20% change. Additionally, 65% of patients achieved complete ulceration healing, surpassing the 50% efficacy requirement. The median time to full closure was 11.4 weeks, with the proportion of completely healed patients rising progressively, reaching 55% by week 11. These findings, from the clinical trial "Freeze-dried amniotic membrane in the treatment of nonhealing wounds", suggest AMNIODERM+® as a promising future treatment for chronic diabetic foot ulcers. The published results were obtained as part of a clinical trial entitled "Freeze-dried amniotic membrane in the treatment of nonhealing wounds: a single-arm, retrospectively-perspective clinical trial", EUDAMED Nr. CIV-SK-22-10-041146.

Design and Development of a Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Co-delivery of Curcumin and Naringin for Improved Wound Healing Activity in an Animal Model.

The present study endeavored to design and develop a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system to improve the solubility and dermatological absorption of curcumin and naringin. Curcumin and naringin-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system formulations were developed using aqueous phase titration. Phase diagrams were used to pinpoint the self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system zones. Tween 80 and Labrasol (surfactants), Transcutol (cosurfactant), and cinnamon oil were chosen from a large pool of surfactants, cosurfactants, and oils based on their solubility and greatest nano-emulsion region. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta sizer, and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the optimized formulations and test for dilution and thermodynamic stability. The optimized curcumin-naringin-self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system demonstrated the following characteristics: polydispersity index (0.412 ± 0.03), % transmittance (97%), particle size (212.5 ± 05 nm), zeta potential (- 25.7 ± 1.80 mV) and having a smooth and spherical droplet shape, as shown by atomic force microscopy. The ability of their combined formulation to cure wounds was tested in comparison to pure curcumin suspension, empty self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system, and standard fusidic acid. Upon topical administration, the optimized curcumin-naringin-self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system demonstrated significant wound healing activity in comparison with a pure curcumin suspension, empty self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system, and standard fusidic acid. Based upon this result, we assume that skin penetration was increased by using the optimized curcumin-naringin-self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system with enhanced solubility.

Advanced meta-analysis on therapeutic strategies of mesenchymal derived exosome for diabetic chronic wound healing and tissue remodeling

BackgroundExosome (EXOs) are rapidly being identified as key mediators of cell-to-cell communication. They convey biologically active molecules to target cells, serve important roles in a range of physiological and pathological processes, and have enormous potential as novel therapeutic strategies. MethodsPreclinical research published between 2019 and 2023 provided the study's data searched on different medline search engine, and clinicaltrials.gov was searched for clinical data. These papers were chosen because they are relevant to the research of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs). Thematic synthesis and meta-analysis were used to perform the meta-analysis of diabetic wound healing. ResultsFor data extraction, a total of 18 preclinical and 4 clinical trials were selected. Preclinical investigations involving EXOs across various animal wound healing models showed promising potential for treatment. Specifically, following EXO treatment, there was a notable correlation with wound closure rates, with a pooled proportion of 46 % (95 % CI: 0.34; 0.59) and τ2 of 0.0593 after 3 ± 2 days, 54 % (95 % CI: 0.43; 0.65) and τ2 of 0.0465 after 7 ± 2 days, and 69 % (95 % CI: 0.62; 0.76) and τ2 of 0.0221 after 14 ± 2 days, with an egger's test p-value of <0.01. Further investigation into heterogeneity was conducted through subgroup analysis based on the source of EXO and the animal model utilized in the study. ConclusionsEXOs are proving to be viable platforms for the treatment of a wide range of disorders in clinical trials. MSC-EXOs exhibited significant diabetic wound healing capabilities across diverse outcomes including wound closure, increase angiogenesis, immunomodulatory ability and skin regeneration with its typical structure and functions.

Formulation of 1% α-mangostin in orabase gel induces apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

BackgroundPlant-derived compounds have chemopreventive properties to be used as alternative medicine. Pericarp of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.), a tropical fruit in Southeast Asia contains a phytochemical α-mangostin (α-MG) that demonstrates potent anticancer effects against various types of cancer. α-MG has been reported to be the most effective agent in human cancer cell lines. The objectives of this study were to develop oral gel formulations containing α-MG and determine their (1) anticancer activity, (2) anti-HPV-16 and antimicrobial activities, (3) nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity, and (4) wound healing effect.MethodsFormulations of oral gel containing α-MG were developed. Anticancer activity on SCC-25 was assessed. Apoptotic induction was determined using flow cytometry technique. Antiviral activity against HPV-16 pseudovirus and antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, P. gingivalis and C. albicans were investigated. NO inhibition was carried out. Fibroblast cell migration was determined by in vitro scratch assay.ResultsThe formulation of 1% α-MG in orabase gel demonstrated anticancer activity by promoting apoptosis in SCC-25. The induction of apoptotic activity was dose dependent with pronounced effect in late apoptosis. The formulation appeared to reduce cell viability of oral keratinocytes (OKC). At CC50 it showed an inhibition against HPV-16 pseudovirus infection. The formulation had no antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, P. gingivalis and C. albicans. No significant NO inhibitory activity and wound healing effects were found.Conclusions1% α-MG in orabase gel exhibited anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis although low level of cytotoxicity observed in OKC was present. The appropriate carrier for novel nano-particles targeting cancer cells should be further investigated.

Penerapan Hydrogel dan Antimicrobial Dressing terhadap Penyembuhan Luka dan Sensasi Perifer pada Pasien Gangrene Pedis

Gangrene is one of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) complication causing tissue death in wound and decreased peripheral sensation. Priority management of gangrene is through tissue reperfusion and wound care with modern dressing to enhance healing and increase periphery circulation. This research aimed to report wound healing progress and peripheral sensation gangrene in a patient who was given hydrogel and antimicrobial dressing. Research design used a descriptive case study approach. Sample involved one inpatient in West Java regional public hospital who was diagnosed with gangrene, had necrotic wounds, and poor peripheral perfusion, currently treated with modern dressing hydrogel and antimicrobial dressing. The instrument used is Bates Jensen Wound Assessment Tools (BJWAT), lowest score shows significant wound healing progress. Decreasing wound healing score using BJWAT questionnaire from 41 to 29, peripheral sensation (+), and monofilament score from 0/9 to 5/9 after the intervention. Modern dressing improved wound healing and peripheral sensation in gangrene pedis patient. Thus, it is expected to examine effectiveness of hydrogel and antimicrobial dressings on healing scores and peripheral sensation in gangrene pedis patients more extensively.

Dual phage-incorporated electrospun polyvinyl alcohol-eudragit nanofiber matrix for rapid healing of diabetic wound infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

Diabetic wound healing remains a healthcare challenge due to co-occurring multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and the constraints associated with sustained drug delivery. Here, we integrate two new species of phages designated as PseuPha1 and RuSa1 respectively lysing multiple clinical MDR strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus into a novel polyvinyl alcohol-eudragit (PVA-EU†) nanofiber matrix through electrospinning for rapid diabetic wound healing. PVA-EU† evaluated for characteristic changes that occurred due to electrospinning and subjected to elution, stability and antibacterial assays. The biocompatibility and wound healing ability of PVA-EU† were assessed through mouse fibroblast cell line NIH3T3, followed by validation through diabetic mice excision wound co-infected with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The electrospinning resulted in the incorporation of ~ 75% active phages at PVA-EU†, which were stable at 25°C for 30days and at 4°C for 90days. PVA-EU† showed sustained release of phages for 18h and confirmed to be detrimental to both mono- and mixed-cultures of target pathogens. The antibacterial activity of PVA-EU† remained unaltered in the presence of high amounts of glucose, whereas alkaline pH promoted the activity. The matrix exerted no cytotoxicity on NIH3T3, but showed significant (p < 0.0001) wound healing in vitro and the process was rapid as validated through a diabetic mice model. The sustained release, quick wound closure, declined abundance of target MDR bacteria in situ and histopathological signs of recovery corroborated the therapeutic efficacy of PVA-EU†. Taken together, our data signify the potential application of PVA-EU† in the rapid treatment of diabetic wounds without the aid of antibiotics.

VG111: A novel formulation demonstrating clinical evidence of anti-pathogenic activity and accelerated wound healing in humans and companion animals

Objectives: The increasing incidence of chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers and pressure ulcers, often compounded by bacterial infections and biofilm formation, presents significant challenges in wound management. Despite advancements in wound care products and a better understanding of molecular wound repair mechanisms, the treatment of chronic ulcerating conditions remains incomplete. VG111, a novel natural product formulation, emerges as a promising therapeutic candidate addressing the need for an effective wound healing agent with antimicrobial and tissue regenerative properties. Materials and Methods: A thorough evaluation of VG111 included antimicrobial assays to determine its minimum inhibitory concentration against an array of pathogens, assessment of its biofilm disruption capabilities, investigation into its profibrogenic activity through scratch assays, and analysis of its immunomodulatory effects on macrophage-derived cytokines. Quality consistency was ensured by high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting, while clinical applicability was assessed through observations in canine and human wound healing cases. Statistical Analysis: The cytotoxic effects of VG111 were assessed using a Two-way ANOVA, indicating no significant cytotoxicity at the tested concentration (Column factor p&lt;0.0001). Results: VG111 demonstrated potent antimicrobial action with effective concentrations ranging from 2.5% to 5.0% v/v, targeting resistant strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, colistin-resistant Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and other priority pathogens. It showed biofilm clearance, enhanced fibroblast migration, and a favorable immunomodulatory profile by reducing inflammatory cytokines in vitro. In vivo applications corroborated these findings, with significant wound healing observed in both veterinary and clinical settings, negating the need for additional antibiotics. Conclusions: The study emphasized on VG111 as a robust wound healing agent with significant antimicrobial and biofilm-disrupting properties. Its broad-spectrum efficacy against critical pathogens and ability to promote tissue regeneration mark it as a promising avenue in the management of complex chronic wounds, meriting further clinical exploration.

Baeckea frutescens L. Promotes wound healing by upregulating expression of TGF-β, IL-1 β, VEGF and MMP-2

Baeckea frutescens L. has been traditionally used for treating snakebites and is known to possess antifebrile and hemostatic properties. These properties are closely related to wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the wound healing properties of B. frutescens leaves extract (BFLE) in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro study focused on proliferation, migration, and expression of TGF-β, IL-1β, VEGF, and MMP-2 genes and proteins. The in vivo study included excisional wound healing, histology, and tensile strength studies. The ethanolic extract of B. frutescens (BFLE) was tested for its effects on proliferation and migration using keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (BJ) cells. Gene and protein expression related to wound healing were analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blot assays. The wound healing properties of BFLE were evaluated in vivo using Wistar albino rats, focusing on excisional wound healing, histology, and tensile strength studies. The BFLE displayed significant proliferative and migratory effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts cells, while upregulating the expression of TGF-β, IL-1β, VEGF, and MMP-2 genes and proteins. BFLE also exhibited significant wound healing effects on Wistar albino rats’ excisional wounds and improved the overall tensile strength. The results suggest that BFLE has strong wound healing properties, as demonstrated by its ability to increase keratinocytes and fibroblasts proliferation and migration, upregulate genes and proteins involved in the wound healing process, and improve wound healing rates and tensile strength. The findings of this study provide important insights into the potential use of B. frutescens as a natural wound healing agent.

Evaluation of hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, skin irritation and allergy, and antimicrobial properties of active fraction from the ethanol extract of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob

Ethnopharmacological relevanceChromolaenaodorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob, a perennial herb, has been traditionally utilized as a herbal remedy for treating leech bites, soft tissue wounds, burn wounds, skin infections, and dento-alveolitis in tropical and subtropical regions. Aim of the studyThe present study was to analyze the active fraction of C. odorata ethanol extract and investigate its hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, the safety of the active fraction as an external preparation was assessed through skin irritation and allergy tests. Materials and methodsThe leaves and stems of C. odorata were initially extracted with ethanol, followed by purification through AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography to yield different fractions. These fractions were then screened for hemostatic activity in mice and rabbits to identify the active fraction. Subsequently, the hemostatic effect of the active fraction was assessed through the bleeding time of the rabbit ear artery in vivo and the coagulant time of rabbit blood in vitro. The anti-inflammatory activity of the active fraction was tested on mice ear edema induced by xylene and rat paw edema induced by carrageenin. Furthermore, the active fraction's promotion effect on wound healing was evaluated using a rat skin injury model, and skin safety tests were conducted on rabbits and guinea pigs. Lastly, antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria (G+, Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis) and three Gram-negative bacteria (G−, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were determined using the plate dilution method. ResultsThe ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves and stems was fractionated into 30%, 60%, and 90% ethanol eluate fractions. These fractions demonstrated hemostatic activity, with the 30% ethanol eluate fraction (30% EEF) showing the strongest effect, significantly reducing bleeding time (P < 0.05). A concentration of 1.0 g/mL of the 30% EEF accelerated cutaneous wound healing in rats on the 3rd, 6th, and 9th day post-operation, with the healing effect increasing over time. No irritation or allergy reactions were observed in rabbits and guinea pigs exposed to the 30% EEF. Additionally, the 30% EEF exhibited mild inhibitory effect on mice ear and rat paw edema, as well as antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria, with varying minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. ConclusionsThe 30% EEF demonstrated a clear hemostatic effect on rabbit bleeding time, a slight inhibitory effect on mice ear edema and rat paw edema, significant wound healing activity in rats, and no observed irritation or allergic reactions. Antibacterial activity was observed against certain clinically isolated bacteria, particularly the G− bacteria. This study lays the groundwork for the potential development and application of C. odorata in wound treatment.

Phlomis crinita Cav. From Algeria: A source of bioactive compounds possessing antioxidant and wound healing activities

Ethnopharmacological relevancePhlomis crinita Cav. (Lamiaceae), locally known as “El Khayata” or “Kayat El Adjarah”, is traditionally used in Algeria for its wound-healing properties. Aim of the studyInvestigate, for the first time, the phytochemical profile, safety, antioxidant and wound-healing activities of the flowering tops methanolic extract of P. crinita (PCME) collected from Bouira Province in the North of Algeria. Materials and methodsPreliminary phytochemical assays were carried out on PCME to quantify the main classes of bioactive compounds, such as total phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. An in-depth LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis was carried out to elucidate the phytochemical profile of this plant species. Antioxidant activity was investigated by several colorimetric and fluorimetric assays (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC, β-carotene bleaching and ferrozine assay). The acute oral toxicity of PCME (2000 mg/kg b.w.) was tested in vivo on Swiss albino mice, whereas the acute dermal toxicity and wound-healing properties of the PCME ointment (1–5% PCMO) were tested in vivo on Wistar albino rats. Biochemical and histological analyses were carried out on biological samples. ResultsThe phytochemical screening highlighted a high content of phenolic compounds (175.49 ± 0.8 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of dry extract), mainly flavonoids (82.28 ± 0.44 mg of quercetin equivalents/g of dry extract). Fifty-seven compounds were identified by LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis, belonging mainly to the class of flavones (32.27%), with luteolin 7-(6″-acetylglucoside) as the most abundant compound and phenolic acids (32.54%), with salvianolic acid C as the most abundant compound. A conspicuous presence of phenylethanoids (15.26%) was also found, of which the major constituent is forsythoside B. PCME showed a strong antioxidant activity with half-inhibitory activity (IC50) ranging from 1.88 to 37.88 μg/mL and a moderate iron chelating activity (IC50 327.44 μg/mL). PCME appears to be safe with Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) ≥ 2000 mg/kg b.w. No mortality or toxicity signs, including any statistically significant changes in body weight gain and relative organs’ weight with respect to the control group, were recorded. A significant (p < 0.001) wound contraction was observed in the 5% PCMO-treated group with respect to the untreated and petroleum jelly groups between 8 and 20 days, whereas no statistically significant results were observed at the two lower doses (1 and 2% PCMO). In addition, the 5% PCMO-treated group showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) wound healing activity with respect to the reference drug-treated group, showing, at the end of the study, the highest wound contraction percentage (88.00 ± 0.16%). ConclusionPCME was safe and showed strong antioxidant and wound-healing properties, suggesting new interesting pharmaceutical applications for P. crinita based on its traditional use.

Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Acacia auriculiformis: A Comprehensive Review of Medicinal Properties and Therapeutic Applications

This review explores the pharmacological potential of Acacia auriculiformis, highlighting its diverse medicinal properties and therapeutic applications. Through a detailed analysis of experimental evidence, the study showcases the plant's efficacy in various health concerns. The plant exhibits significant wound healing, antifungal, antibacterial, antifilarial, antioxidant, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, chemoprotective, antimutagenic, CNS depressant, spermicidal, and cestocidal activities. The global interest in herbal medicine and the increasing utilization of A. auriculiformis underscore its importance in alternative healthcare approaches. The review emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying the plant's pharmacological activities and to explore its potential clinical benefits. The findings suggest that A. auriculiformis holds promise as a source of therapeutic agents for a wide range of health conditions. Continued investigation into the bioactive compounds derived from the plant, along with clinical trials to assess efficacy and safety, could pave the way for the development of novel treatments. Overall, this review sheds light on the multifaceted medicinal properties of A. auriculiformis and its potential contribution to the field of herbal medicine and drug discovery.

Phytometabolome of Psidium guajava inhibits biofilm formation of Escherichia coli and augmented acute wound repair

Psidium guajava is an equatorial fern tree and nutritive plant with medicinal properties including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory activities, etc., In the present study, the untargeted phytometabolome of ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of P. guajava showed 107 compounds were identified using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MSE analysis and assessed for anti-biofilm activity using various assays. The results clearly indicated that the ethyl acetate and acetone extracts significantly inhibit the growth and obliterate the metabolic activity of E. coli. The confocal laser scanning microscope (CSLM) analysis also confirmed the biofilm inhibitory activity of extracts against E. coli. Further, the ethyl acetate and acetone extracts displayed significant wound healing activity in BALB/c mice than the control treatment. The Doppler imaging analysis depicted that the extracts increase the blood circulation towards the wound to accelerate wound repair. Together, the UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE analysis clearly showed the metabolomics profiling of P. guajava and these metabolomes could be responsible for their potential biofilm obliterating and augmenting acute wound repair.

Temperature/pH Co-responsive CS/NIPAM-Based hydrogel with controlled release of Ga3+ for improved infected wound healing

The treatment of infected wounds remains challenging due to the lack of an ideal wound therapy material. Herein, We present a multifunctional hydrogel dressing material containing gallium ion (Ga3+) based on a physicochemical dual network via in situ free radical polymerization. The presence of Ga3+ not only improves the elasticity and thermal stability of the hydrogel dressing through chelation but also enables smart response release. Fabricated hydrogel dressing possesses large-area plasticity, adequate elasticity, skin adhesion, and peelability. Furthermore, the dressing is responsive to temperature and pH, which can intelligently release Ga3+ according to pH and temperature variations in different healing stages of the wound microenvironment. In vivo infected wound experiments validated the significant wound healing efficiency (healing ratio is 95.75 % in 7 days, 14 % higher than the control group). These results show the promising potential of the developed multifunctional materials for accelerating the healing of infected wounds.

Ethanolic leaf extract of Solanum mauritianum promotes fibroblast proliferation and neovascularization in wound excision model in rats

Solanum mauriatianum is a woody plant that grows naturally in the tropical and temperate regions. In most rural communities in Ghana and other parts of West Africa, it is widely used for treatment of ailments such as hemorrhoid, yaws, ulcers, and wounds. Despite the long-term usage of the plant in traditional medicine, there is no scientific report on its efficacy. Objective: This study investigates the wound healing properties of ethanolic extract of the plant. Method: The ethanolic leaf extract was formulated into aqueous cream (SME) at the concentrations of 2.5 %, 5.0 % and 7.5 % and the healing effect was tested using wound excision model in rats. The extract was qualitatively screened for the presence of phytochemicals. Results: We observed that the extract contains alkaloids, glycosides, saponins and flavonoids. The extract cream demonstrated significant wound healing by topical application. By day 18, a total wound closure (100 ± 0.00 %) was observed for 7.5 % Solanum mauriatianum leaf extract while the total wound closure for 1 % sulphadiazine at the same period was 92.00 ± 5.83 %. Microscopic examination of the tissues indicated a significant fibroblast proliferation, fibrosis, neovascularization, re-epithelization and scanty inflammatory cells in the wound tissues treated with the extracts compared with the untreated wound tissues. Conclusion: We conclude that ethanolic leaf extract of Solanum mauriatianum has greater potential for the treatment of open wounds.

Chitosan/PVA Films and Silver Nanoparticle Impregnated Nanofibrous Dressings for Evaluation of their Wound Healing Efficacy in Wistar Albino Rat Model

The exoskeleton of marine shrimp contains a natural, biocompatible polymer chitin, which is dumped as a waste. The study proposes the sustainable single-pot-extraction of chitosan from the waste and its use in the fabrication of wound-dressings, and thus leverage its piezoelectric, antioxidant, hypoglycaemic and medicinal properties in wound-healing. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed that marine chitosan contains functional groups with N-O, O-H, and CO stretching. Scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the spherical and mesoporous structures of the extracted chitosan. X-ray diffraction analysis showed a semi-crystalline phase of chitosan particles with a mean size of 28.9 nm. The film prepared with marine shrimp chitosanpolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite, and used as a wound dressing exhibited significant wound healing properties with a regeneration efficiency of 78% in 8 days in Wistar albino rats. The wound healing efficiency was enhanced by the addition of cost effective, non-toxic/environmentally friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from Rumex acetosa (sorrel) plant extracts and electrospinning of the nanofibrous composites of chitosan/PVA/AgNPs with high antibacterial, antioxidant and wound healing capacity of 96% in 8 days. Thus, the current study supports the use of a natural piezoelectric chitosan polymer as a wound dressing material, either in film or nanofiber, for normal as well as diabetic wounds.

Poly-ϵ-caprolactone scaffold as staple-line reinforcement of rectal anastomosis: an experimental piglet study

PurposeRectal anastomoses have a persisting high incidence of anastomotic leakage. This study aimed to assess whether the use of a poly-ϵ-caprolactone (PCL) scaffold as reinforcement of a circular stapled rectal anastomosis could increase tensile strength and improve healing compared to a control in a piglet model.MethodTwenty weaned female piglets received a stapled rectal anastomosis and were randomised to either reinforcement with PCL scaffold (intervention) or no reinforcement (control). On postoperative day five the anastomosis was subjected to a tensile strength test followed by a histological examination to evaluate the wound healing according to the Verhofstad scoring.ResultsThe tensile strength test showed no significant difference between the two groups, but histological evaluation revealed significant impaired wound healing in the intervention group.ConclusionThe incorporation of a PCL scaffold into a circular stapled rectal anastomosis did not increase anastomotic tensile strength in piglets and indicated an impaired histologically assessed wound healing.