Shared Responsibility Research Articles

Where is knowledge from the global South? An account of epistemic justice for a global bioethics

The silencing of the epistemologies, theories, principles, values, concepts and experiences of the global South constitutes a particularly egregious epistemic injustice in bioethics. Our shared responsibility to rectify that injustice...

A glimpse behind the organisational curtain: A dramaturgical analysis exploring the ways healthcare staff engage with online patient feedback 'front' and 'backstage' at three hospital Trusts in England.

Healthcare staff are encouraged to use feedback from their patients to inform service and quality improvement. Receiving patient feedback via online channels is a relatively new phenomenon that has rarely been conceptualised. Further, the implications of a wide, varied and unknown(able) audience being able to view and interact with online patient feedback are yet to be understood. We applied a theoretical lens of dramaturgy to a large ethnographic dataset, collected across three NHS Trusts during 2019/2020. We found that organisations demonstrated varying levels of 'preparedness to perform' online, from invisibility through to engaging in public conversation with patients within a wider mission for transparency. Restrictive 'cast lists' of staff able to respond to patients was the hallmark of one organisation, whereas another devolved responding responsibility amongst a wide array of multidisciplinary staff. The visibility of patient-staff interactions had the potential to be culturally disruptive, dichotomously invoking either apprehensions of reputational threat or providing windows of opportunity. We surmise that a transparent and conversational feedback response frontstage aligns with the ability to better prioritise backstage improvement. Legitimising the autonomous frontstage activity of diverse staff groups may help shift organisational culture, and gradually ripple outwards a shared responsibility for transparent improvement.

Challenge and Awareness for Implemented Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) in Indonesian Projects

Many projects in Indonesia have implemented new strategies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Many projects suffered unexpected losses during the COVID-19 pandemic, and conditions were unpredictable. This situation must be considered by all stakeholders participating in a project. Another problem in the implementation of construction is the fragmentation between project participants. Therefore, a strategy is needed in each phase of the project life cycle. In the absence of proper planning, the contractor is the party responsible for bearing the risk associated with this occurrence. Improved project performance is a shared responsibility among owners, contractors, designers, and subcontractors, all of whom need to tap into their own sources of creativity and innovation. The potential of partnering as a tool for achieving lean construction performance, it is still in its infancy as a means of enhancing project outcomes. In this study, we used qualitative methods and in-depth interviews enhanced by focus group discussions of 14 experts (owners, designers, contractors, and academics) using the Delphi method. The results illustrate the maturity of partnering in integrated project delivery (IPD); therefore, its guiding philosophy can be developed and implemented to improve the outcomes of construction projects in terms of cost, quality, schedule, health and safety, and environmental performance. The most important part of this research is related to the implementation of the 17th goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), i.e., partnerships to achieve the goals. This research contributes to a deepening of partnering practices that can drive performance in project implementation.

Teaching Climate Change Science with the Humanities and Global Perspectives

Teaching Climate Change Science with the Humanities and Global Perspectives

Our shared responsibility: the urgent necessity of global environmentally sustainable kidney care

In response to Earth's accelerating climate crisis, we, an international group of nephrologists, call on our global community to unite and align kidney care in accordance with United Nation's 26th Conference of the Parties health sector principles. We announce a global and inclusive initiative, "GREEN-K": Global Environmental Evolution in Nephrology and Kidney Care, with a vision of "sustainable kidney care for a healthy planet and healthy kidneys" and mission to "promote and support environmentally sustainable and resilient kidney care globally through advocacy, education, and collaboration." A patient-centric approach that permits climate change mitigation and adaptation is proposed. Multi-stakeholder GREEN-K action and focus areas will include education, sustainable clinical care, and advances toward environmentally sustainable innovations, procurement, and infrastructure. Mindful of the disproportionately high climate impact of kidney therapies, we welcome the opportunity to work together in shared accountability to patients and Earth's natural systems.

PELATIHAN MENGHIAS TOTE BAG MENGGUNAKAN DAUN DI SEKITAR RUMAH UNTUK MENDORONG PRODUKTIVITAS DESA TUIREJO KECAMATAN KEDAMEAN KABUPATEN GRESIK

Reducing plastic waste is a shared responsibility not only for the government through making regulations such as PERDA (Regional Regulation), but also society as a whole. One thing that can be done is to use a shopping bag that can be used many times, for example a tote bag or tote bag. There are lots of different types of tote bags, ranging from the plain ones to the different looks. In addition to being able to use plain tote bags, they can also be decorated to make them look nicer and can also be resold. Because of this, training and practice of decorating tote bags was carried out. The activity was carried out by providing counseling as well as practice and assistance to members of youth organizations and youth women's mosques in Turirejo Village, Kedamean District, Gresik Regency by utilizing existing plant leaves for materials for making ecoprint tote bags. The purpose of this activity is to increase the creativity and productivity of youth members and mosque youth who are expected to become ecoprint tote bag craftsmen, as well as economic empowerment which is expected to increase income and encourage increased welfare.
 The methods and stages of the activities carried out are conducting material presentations then followed by live demonstrations and practice of making ecoprint tote bags. The result of this training is that members of youth organizations and mosque youth have become more trained in making ecoprint tote bags. It is hoped that the skills acquired can encourage creativity, productivity and the economy. From a small existing group, it can become bigger by creating a business unit with a variety of other products on the basis of an ecoprint that can prosper the surrounding community, especially Turirejo Village.

Koala conservation in South East Queensland: a shared responsibility

ABSTRACT The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is an iconic Australian animal. Its recent reclassification to endangered in locations such as South East Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory indicates urgent and further conservation actions are required. This article proposes that a downstream social marketing approach can be applied to encourage South East Queensland residents to take preventative actions to protect koalas in their region. This article reports the results of an online survey that was completed by 2,592 South East Queensland residents. The data was cluster analysed using TwoStep cluster analysis, resulting in three valid segments. Active koala enthusiasts are knowledgeable and active in koala conservation. City residents were aware of koalas’ decline but are unfamiliar with conservation actions. Young dog owners do not know about the decline of koalas and they do not currently perform conservation actions. Respondents agreed that koala conservation is a shared responsibility between residents, organisations and governments and too many are not aware of actions they can take. Tailored approaches should be applied in the future, including citizen science initiatives such as completing online koala sightings to broaden understanding of koala habitats.

Is Post-Fukushima Reform Making Japan Safer? From Shared Responsibility to Collective Accountability

Ten years after the Fukushima disaster, the nuclear safety regulation system in Japan has gradually moved from the exclusionary process of policy making, based on hierarchically organized policy, to a decentralized and open process of policy making whose competence is divided beyond the pre-given political actors. Yet policy making and implementation need to bring together multiple stakeholders to work in concert to achieve a desired outcome of nuclear safety. This article seeks to explain why the trend towards more inclusive forms of policy making may still lead to negative consequences for democratic accountability of nuclear safety. The author argues that the coordination issue becomes critical to a plurality of conflicting interests and beliefs of autonomous stakeholders. Although the decision-making plurality favours democratic interest representation, empirical evidence suggests that a poorly coordinated response by the national government to nuclear policy implementation fails to get stakeholders to work together for Japan’s nuclear safety. From a broader perspective, the lack of coordination among different stakeholders is one of the weaknesses of expanding accountability mechanisms to include more stakeholders, and results in challenges to policy coherence.

The dark side of the cascading compliance model in global value chains

In this paper, I discuss the dark side of the cascading compliance model predominantly used by multinationals to improve working conditions in global value chains. Further, I discuss the origins of such dark side. Finally, I argue for the move from cascading compliance to a shared responsibility model for the improvement of working conditions in global value chains.

Relational Reading~Writing~Thinking~Becoming in Higher Education: Possibilities for scholarly reading and writing in times of turbulence

The paper explores our scholarly practice of collaborative academic writing by engaging with a Relational Reading of Text approach and Slow scholarship. It grew out of our need to explore the tensions and inertia in our collaborative writing before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown, to find our way back to flourishing and thriving through each other. We draw on the relational reading~writing~thinking~becoming dimensions of ‘sense of movement’, ‘shifts to the in-between spaces of meaning’, ‘the quality of kindred’, and ‘shared responsibility’. A collaborative autoethnographic approach was used in relation to the notion of diffraction. We conceptualise a ‘pandemic-transformed’ approach for us to not only survive the digital turn our co-writing practices have taken but to find our way back to an authentic, creative, and joyful engagement. Insights may be of value to other academics who seek to co-write in ways that support flourishing and Slow scholarship in higher education.

Writing Across the Curriculum Faculty Survey

This study seeks to determine FHSU faculty attitudes, knowledge, and practices related to the incorporation of writing into their courses. In spring 2021, the Fort Hays State University Writing Across the Curriculum Committee partnered with the Docking Institute of Public Affairs to survey undergraduate faculty. The 140 respondents to the 85-item survey represent a cooperation rate of 23.02%. The data reveals an overall positive culture of writing at the university, where most faculty believe writing instruction is a shared responsibility across campus and across a student’s program of study. These faculty recognize the importance of FHSU’s writing-related CORE outcomes. They incorporate both low-stakes and high-stakes writing in their courses and provide various forms of guidance and support for that writing. They assign writing from multiple genres (44 identified) and know the important reasons why they assign writing.

Corporate Responsibility for Arts and Culture

Multinational companies (MNCs) in the creative and IT sectors play a decisive role in the production of cultural goods and in global cultural trends. Therefore, MNCs impinge on the right to take part in cultural life and must be held accountable for their impact on arts and culture on a global scale. As a dynamic and evolving process, open to alien influences, cultural life can be seen as a global social process, and as such is susceptible to structural injustices. I. M. Young’s social connection model is suggested to attribute a shared forward-looking responsibility to multinational companies and thus to assess corporate impacts on the quality of cultural life. The article highlights specific responsibilities for companies and proposes guidelines for judging their performance regarding arts and culture as a public good.

Formation of local budgets and directions of their improvement under the conditions of decentralization

The article highlights the current state of formation of local budgets in the conditions of decentralization of financial resources, taking into account the changes made to the budget and tax legislation. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of formation and use of funds of local budgets. Development of proposals for improving the existing functioning mechanism and filling local budgets. The state and local self-government share tasks and responsibilities for providing citizens with public services. The effectiveness and scale of activities of local authorities in the field of providing public services depend mainly on the state of finances of local authorities. The system of local budgets exists in all countries of the world. The urgent task of financial decentralization is to ensure the necessary volume of financial resources for the implementation of the specified activity. Studies show that at the moment the system of local budget revenue generation has an insufficient level of own revenue and a large share of transfer payments in the revenue part of local budgets. With the beginning of Russia's large-scale invasion of Ukraine, local self-government bodies, like the entire state as a whole, faced new challenges and problems, the solution of which, first of all, requires additional financial resources. According to the results of 10 months of 2022, revenues to local budgets decreased by an average of 16% compared to January-October 2021. Studies have shown that the largest specific weight in the structure of the revenue part of local budgets is occupied by tax revenues, namely personal income tax, a single tax, land tax. Based on this, it is proposed that the leaders of the united territorial communities focus specifically on the administration of personal income tax, cooperation with natural persons entrepreneurs, legalization of labor relations, raising the level of wages at economically active economic entities and on other measures, the purpose of which is to increase revenues from this tax. Today, the issue of increasing the level of financial capacity of communities is solved by developing the economy in their territories, ensuring strategic management of the development of territories, popularizing territories, promoting investment attraction, supporting local business and developing industries. Each of the communities determines the priority industries in its territories. Rural areas give priority to the development of agro-industrial complex branches, farming for the cultivation of those crops that are characteristic of a certain area.

Measurement of Embodied Carbon Emission of Trade and Responsibility Sharing Mechanism design: A case of Six Central Provinces of China

In the face of the “ 3 0- 6 0” target, the task of carbon emission reduction in China is particularly arduous. Due to factors such as energy resource endowment and economic and industrial structure, there are large spatial differences in carbon emission levels among regions in China. As a representative region of t h e traditional energy industrial structure, the huge energy consumption of the industrial sector in the central region has caused a large amount of carbon emissions. Based on the MRIO model, this paper measures the embodied carbon emissions of trade and the amount of carbon emissions that the regions should bear in 2012 and 2017 for the eight major regions in China. We found that there is large difference in carbon emissions among the eight regions in China, with the central region ranking first in the country, and this difference is also manifested in the provinces of the central region. In addition, under the producer responsibility principle, the problem of carbon leakage between developed and less developed regions is becoming more prominent, with the central and western regions acting as a “ pollution haven” . Further, to rationalize the carbon emission responsibilities of each region, this paper proposes a shared responsibility scheme and compares it with the producer and consumer responsibility systems. This paper is of practical and theoretical reference significance for the scientific delineation of carbon emission reduction responsibilities and the effective promotion of the overall carbon peaking goal.

Instructional Leadership Role of Primary School Principals in Sri Lanka

This study explores the instructional leadership (IL) role of primary school principals in Sri Lanka. The purpose of this study was to examine the practices of primary school principal’s role as instructional leader. The main research questions of the study were to find out what roles principal’s play as instructional leader in primary schools; Identify how primary school principal fulfill his/her instructional leadership role? And which activities do principals as instructional leaders engage in promoting the education of students and upgrading the pedagogy of teachers in primary schools. The multiple case study method was used in the current study. Accordingly, Semi-structured interview, focus group discussion, observation and document analyses were used as data collecting tools. As the study sample four principals, and four teachers were selected using purposive sampling for interviews. The study found that all principals in the sample experienced in implementing instructional leadership roles. Also, the study shows that the traditional role of principals as school leaders has been changed to instructional leaders. All the primary school principals mentioned that they implement innovative methodologies to overcome challenges that they face when implementing instructional leadership roles in their schools. Also the study found that a significsnt attention was paid on instructional supervision, giving feedback on instruction, provision of instructional materials and incentives for teaching and learning and protection of instructional time by primary schools principals as instructional leaders. The study further revealed that the opportunities available for primary school principals to acquire leadership training at an appropriate stage in their career are limited. It was further revelaed that Irrespective of education Zone the management of curriculum and instructional programs is a shared responsibility of principals and teachers in schools. However, principals should engage in all the roles related to instructional leadership in order to promote effective teaching and learning and thereby transform the school as an organisation into an environment where teachers and students reach their full potential. Therefore it is recommended that the primary school principals need to be trained in school management and leadership in order to be further competent as instructional leaders in primary schools in Sri Lanka.

Ex-situ Conservation Practice at National Botanical Garden, Godawari, Lalitpur, Nepal

Ex-situ conservation refers to the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. Since biodiversity is currently being lost at an unprecedented rate in their natural habitats, ex-situ conservation has become a suitable approach in their conservation. Botanical gardens are institutions or places that provide a suitable environment for the survival of threatened plant species. Through living plant collection, the botanical gardens have done tremendous contribution to ex-situ conservation of plant diversity which is in dire need for their conservation. With the establishment of National Botanical Garden (NBG) in Nepal in 1962, ex-situ conservation and protection of wild and threatened plant species has been properly addressed. A total of 547 taxa (542 species), 334 (331 species) of which are exotic and 213 (211 species) of which are native, have been preserved by NBG. NBG harbors 1 extinct in the wild, 1 critically endangered, 6 endangered, 5 vulnerable and 3 near threatened plant species according to the IUCN Red List categories, while 5 are endemic species to Nepal. It has also conserved CITES listed plant species (Appendix I- 1 species, Appendix II- 38 species and Appendix III- 2 species). Therefore, NBG plays a crucial role in the conservation of threatened species, educating the public and supporting them in understanding that conservation is a shared responsibility.

Common or Differentiated Responsibility?: Leveling the Playing Field for the Global South in Sustainable Development with a Focus on Africa

Purpose: This article reviews the responsibility gap between the Global North and Global South in implementing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It utilizes a conceptual framework which serves as a middle ground between shared responsibility and common but differentiated responsibility (CBDR), thereby applying this to the case of Africa.
 Originality: While the global initiative of SDGs reaffirmed a collective commitment toward a transformative agenda, there has been lack of explicit discussions regarding how to balance responsibilities between developed and developing countries based on their respective capacities. The study reviews existing discussions on contrasting approaches to responsibilities for the implementation of the development goals and seeks to suggest a fairer option for the Global South.
 Methodology: The study employs content analysis based on secondary data of development initiatives, including the SDGs, Africa Agenda 2063, and discussions on CBDR. Reviewing the dichotomized approaches to responsibility, ‘customized responsibility based on capacity principle’ is used as a conceptual framework, which bridges the responsibility gap.
 Result: Applying the customized responsibility concept to the case of Africa, it was found that Africa has been practicing some aspects of both shared responsibility and CBDR in its engagement with global development initiatives and its adoption of regional development agendas. It is also demonstrated that changing global governance and the diversifying partnerships (South-South and triangular cooperation) present both opportunities and risks for the Global South in balancing the responsibility gap vis-à-vis development partners of the Global North.
 Conclusion and Implication: In an attempt to examine how the Global South can actively reflect upon global initiatives, the study contributes to suggesting the path towards sustainability. Even though the issue of mobilizing financial resources for achieving the SDGs is a highly political one, building on the conceptual analysis of responsibility has important implications to expand realistic alternatives from the viewpoint of the Global South.

Organising Halal Responsibility in a Company

This viewpoint paper is about how best to organise and integrate halal in a company and its operations. In many cases halal is left to the internal halal committee to organise, which is not only incorrect but also provides a major corporate reputation risk for businesses operating in or exporting to advanced Muslim markets. The halal responsibility is a foremost shared responsibility and concerns different levels of the organisation, namely: top management, risk management, marketing, operations, as well as the internal halal committee.

Tantangan Mendidik Generasi Muslim Milenial Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 Untuk Menciptakan Lingkungan Pendidikan Islam Modern

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the challenges that exist in educating millennial Muslims in this era of development that is always changing, especially in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 with the hope of creating a modern Islamic Education environment. This industrial revolution brings many positive opportunities in everyday life, but in reality there are millennials who are not able to deal with this well. Many millennials are deviating, be it a moral crisis and also a social crisis. This research is qualitative research with a literature study approach. Primary and secondary data sources used are obtained through literature study research by looking for books or writings relevant to this research. To educate the millennial Muslim generation in the era of revolution 4.0 by creating a modern Islamic education environment, to develop and implement Islamic Education in the environment must be a strong collaboration and become a shared responsibility, between the family environment, schools, communities, and also the existing government. This is done in the hope that it can be a guideline for millennials in utilizing developments that were originally a challenge and become opportunities that always lead to positive things.

Green Investment Regime: Analysis of the Implementation of Green Economy-Based Maritime Tourism Village Potential Development

In this study, we delve into the concept of the "Green Economy," aiming to achieve a harmonious balance between economic growth and environmental preservation. We offer practical recommendations for various stakeholders, including stakeholders, the community, and the Sinjai Regency government. To stakeholders, we advocate for an increased adoption of the green economy concept in the development of marine tourism in Sinjai Regency, with the potential to enhance local economic growth and alleviate poverty. We also encourage the community to collectively embrace cleanliness and environmental stewardship, as it represents a shared responsibility for sustainability. Simultaneously, we suggest that the Sinjai Regency government improve facilities and infrastructure at tourist destinations to provide an enhanced experience for visitors. Through these measures, we aspire to achieve sustainable economic growth and safeguard the natural splendor of Sinjai Regency for generations to come.