Canadian Scholars Research Articles

Академик Петър Динеков и младият полски българист Едвард Можейко (епистоларни свидетелства от 60-те години на ХХ век)

The article presents hitherto unknown letters in Polish by Edward Możejko, a Canadian scholar of Polish origin, to the Bulgarian scholar Petar Dinekov. These letters reveal the professional contacts between the two men in the 1960s when the young Możejko defends his dissertation on a topic in the field of Bulgarian studies at the Jagiellonian University and Dinekov is one of his reviewers. The letters are explored in the context of other documentary sources. The present study is part of a larger project on epistolary heritage testifying the active professional contacts of Dinekov with the Polish cultural intelligentsia.

Democratic and Judicial Review of Enacted Laws in Australia: A Case Study of the Rights Scrutiny Work of Australian Parliamentary Committees

This article explores the relationship between different forms of review of enacted legislation in Australia and provides fresh perspective from which other parliamentary democracies may consider the role of parliamentary committees play in rights protection. Using three case study examples from Australia, this article explores the concept of democratic post-legislative scrutiny and its relationship with other forms of review of enacted laws, including judicial review. The article challenges the conventional view that parliamentary models of legislative scrutiny are inherently vulnerable to executive dominance, and argues that democratic review of enacted laws, particularly that conducted by parliamentary committees, has distinct advantages over judicial or tribunal-based review of enacted laws, and provides beneficial supplement to other forms of rights protection in Australia. The article argues that the flexibility and responsiveness of Australian forms of parliamentary post-legislative scrutiny, that are decidedly lacking in structured procedural frameworks, make the case studies particularly interesting to Canadian scholars and practitioners as they underscore the benefits of direct engagement with citizens and experts in the process of post-legislative scrutiny, when compared to other more tightly controlled forms of legislative review. In this way, this article responds to the long-standing scholarship in Canada relating to the increasingly deteriorating capacity of members of Parliament to act as legislators rather than government cheerleaders when it comes to parliamentary scrutiny of proposed and existing laws.

The Crown's Prerogatives and the Constitution of Canada

Owing to their shared origins, there are many similarities between the prerogatives of the Crown in Canada and the United Kingdom. British case law and scholarship continues to have much to teach on the question of Crown prerogatives. But despite these shared origins and ongoing similarities, Canada's constitutional settlement means that there are also significant differences in the functioning of Crown prerogatives in Canada and the United Kingdom. This article focuses on three issues that arise in Canada in a manner that they do not in the United Kingdom: (1) the reception of Crown prerogatives into Canadian law and their continuation to the present, (2) the relationship between Crown prerogatives and entrenched constitutional provisions whose subject matter overlaps with them and (3) the distribution of Crown prerogatives between the federal and provincial orders of government (and within those orders). Together, these three issues point to the need for more distinctive Canadian scholarship on Crown prerogatives and greater engagement with debates in other countries, particularly Australia, where similar issues arise and where case law and scholarship wrestling with them may be more developed.

Book-Review: Susan W. Woolley, Lee Airton (eds.). Teaching about Gender Diversity. Teacher-Tested Lesson Plans for K-12 classrooms. Toronto 2020: Canadian Scholars. Pp. 334

Sciendo provides publishing services and solutions to academic and professional organizations and individual authors. We publish journals, books, conference proceedings and a variety of other publications.

Foundations for the Canadian Humanities and Social Sciences Commons: Exploring the Possibilities of Digital Research Communities

This paper introduces the Canadian Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) Commons, an open online space where Canadian HSS researchers and stakeholders can gather to share information and resources, make connections, and build community. Situated at the intersection of the fields of digital scholarship, open access, digital humanities, and social knowledge creation, the Canadian HSS Commons is being developed as part of a research program investigating how a not-for-profit, community-partnership research commons could benefit the HSS community in Canada. This paper considers an intellectual foundation for conceptualizing the commons, its potential benefits, and its role in the Canadian scholarly publishing ecosystem; it explores how the Canadian HSS Commons’ open, community-based platform complements existing research infrastructure serving the Canadian HSS research community.

Cote-Meek, S., Moeke-Pickering, T. (Eds). (2020). Decolonizing and indigenizing education in Canada. Canadian Scholars.

Cote-Meek, S., Moeke-Pickering, T. (Eds). (2020). Decolonizing and indigenizing education in Canada. Canadian Scholars.

Unsettling as agency: unsettling settler colonialism where you are

ABSTRACT A great deal of recent sociological scholarship in Canada has examined the ‘unsettling' process motivating non-Natives or ‘settlers' to act in solidarity with Indigenous movements and their experiences of becoming unsettled through such engagements. Informed by settler colonialism and Indigenous studies concerns, such conceptualizations of unsettling have focused primarily on individual trajectories', in conjunction with an overriding normative emphasis on settlers’ active support for, and accountability to, Indigenous leadership.While invaluable, these predominating conerns leave open questions about the scope of appropriate agency for non-Native people in challenging settler colonialism. Scholarship to date lacks an explicit affirmative model for settlers to interrupt the routine institutional reproduction of settler colonial understandings, discourses and practices, which also limits its applicability to the United States context. Drawing upon sociological concerns with the institutional and organizational reproduction of power, the article discusses and disentangles differing notions of unsettling and suggests that, under larger covering norms of following Indigenous leadership and relationality, settlers can actively destabilize the reproduction of settler colonial reality through a disruptive form of quotidian agency wherever they are.

Canadian Scholarly Journal Publishing: The Knowledge Economy Calls

Background The vast opportunities that digital realities present in cultural and information industries have not been fully embraced by Canadian scholarly journal publishing and attendant policy. Analysis In Canada, the journal support programs that currently exist are minimal, dated, and do not encourage the development of a vibrant publishing sub-sector. A review of the evolution of Canadian government programs for book and magazine publishing underlines the achievements of government support for these sectors and the benefits they bring to Canada. Conclusion and implications Parallel support focused on emerging digital prospects in journal publishing, rather than editing and accessibility, would help pave the way for increased Canadian development in the quickly expanding knowledge economy. Contexte L’édition de revues savantes au Canada et les politiques qui s’y rattachent n’ont pas entièrement profité des grandes occasions que représentent les réalités numériques des industries de la culture et de l’information. Analyse Au Canada, les programmes actuels d’appui aux revues sont rudimentaires et périmés. Ils n’encouragent pas le développement d’un sous-secteur dynamique dans le monde de l’édition. Un recensement de l’évolution des programmes du gouvernement canadien pour l’édition de livres et de magazines souligne cependant les accomplissements de l’appui gouvernemental pour ces secteurs et les bénéfices que cet appui apporte au Canada. Conclusion et implications Plutôt qu’un appui axé sur la révision ou l’accès, c’est unappui parallèle portant sur les nouvelles possibilités numériques de l’édition des revuessavantes qui accroîtrait au Canada le développement de l’économie du savoir en pleineexpansion. Mots clés Édition de revues; Politiques concernant l’édition; Libre accès; Économie dusavoir; Édition numérique; Amélioration de l’humanité; Croissance zéro

A Tax Policy Legacy: Tim Edgar's Contributions to Tax Scholarship and Tax Legislation

Tim Edgar's passing in December 2016 dealt a severe blow to tax scholarship in Canada and globally, not to mention being a sad loss for this journal, to which he was a contributor for over three decades. Tim's books, journal articles, and book chapters spanned a wide spectrum of tax policy issues and have played a central role in helping policy makers, academics, and students understand some of the most conceptually and technically difficult areas of tax law. Tim's book on the taxation of financial arrangements, published by the Canadian Tax Foundation, is viewed by policy makers worldwide as the definitive authority on the subject, setting out a principled path to carving out the debt component of financial instruments and subjecting it to neutral accrual taxation. In a closely related area, his detailed analysis of the difficulties confronting policy makers who seek a neutral application of the goods and services tax (GST) to financial supplies is considered to be foundational work in the field, and his proposal to remove the tax from business-to-business supplies has been adopted directly in New Zealand and via an indirect mechanism in Singapore. Tim's work on the general anti-avoidance rule is cited time and again as a key treatment of the topic, while his proposal to extend thin capitalization rules to outbound investment has been adopted in Australia. Tim's comprehensive analysis of the Canadian pseudo-imputation system opens the door to a much-needed reconsideration of the system. The more challenging the subject matter, the deeper Tim investigated and methodically dissected the topic to arrive at reasoned recommendations for reform. Tim's work will continue to be read, cited, and applied in practice for many years.

Introduction: Atwood at 80

When Margaret Atwood celebrated her 80th birthday in November 2019, there was a feeling that the occasion called for a burst of applause – figuratively speaking. Around Europe, many Canadian scholars and Canadian Studies Associations responded with a range of activities. Slovenia contributed handsomely: first, with an event at the Univerzitetna knjižnica Maribor – Fourscore and More: Margaret Atwood at Eighty – and second, with this special issue dedicated to Atwood’s recent work.

Book Review: Canadian Curriculum Studies: A Métissage of Inspiration/Imagination/Interconnection

This text comprises a book review of Canadian Curriculum Studies: A Métissage of Inspiration/Imagination/Interconnection, edited by Erika Hasebe-Ludt and Carl Leggo (2018) and published by Canadian Scholars’ Press. In this text, I first summarize the main themes and trends of the volume through reference to specific, illustrative contributions. I also highlight the rather distinct structure of the volume. In my discussion of the volume, I articulate its usefulness to emerging curriculum scholars as well as those teaching graduate courses in curriculum studies. I also make reference to several questions I have after reading the book as a whole. Finally, I end this essay by pointing to the intimate and welcoming atmosphere of the volume and of Canadian curriculum studies more generally.

Studying Canada in Cuba, Studying Cuba in Canada: A Roundtable Discussion

Canada and Cuba have a long historical relationship, in governmental and non-governmental realms alike. While hundreds of Canadian students take part in educational exchanges from a variety of Canadian universities, Canadian/Cuban scholarly ties are not as strong as they are in the US or even the UK. There are a handful of internationally recognized Cuba scholars who have been working in Canada for some decades, among them John M. Kirk, Hal Klepak and Keith Ellis. Cuban scholarship in Canada is still notably scant and it cannot really be classified in generational terms. However it is clear that the work of these senior scholars is bearing fruit, as other scholars located in Canada are increasingly working in Cuban Studies, in both teaching and research. 
 A few of these scholars came together recently to discuss their experiences. This isn’t an exhaustive or representative group. The participants in this roundtable conversation include those trained as Cubanists, trained in other fields but with more recent research and/or teaching ties to Cuba, and a Cuban educated in Canada. We came together to discuss what we see as the state of the field in Cuban/Canadian studies today and in the future. 
 
 
 
 

УПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ОСВІТИ: ДОСВІД ЗАРУБІЖЖЯ

У статті окреслено особливості впровадження інклюзивної освіти за кордоном. Здійснено аналіз нормативно-правової бази інклюзивної освіти. Представлено різноманітні моделі інклюзивного навчання дітей не лише з особливими освітніми потребами, а й загального розвитку. Охарактеризовано систему підготовки педагогів до навчання дітей з особливостями психофізичного розвитку.

Nationalization and Regionalization in the Canadian Party System, 1867–2015

AbstractThe regionalization of the Canadian party system is a topic that has occupied Canadian scholars for decades. While there have undoubtedly been periods of significant regionalization (for example, the 1990s) and while these periods have been well documented, there has been very little systematic study of regionalization/nationalization in the Canadian party system. We address this gap by exploring nationalization of the Canadian party system from 1867 to 2015. To do so, we apply two measures. First, we consider how nationalized party competition is by exploring the extent to which parties compete in districts across the entire country. Second, we compliment this approach by applying the Gini coefficient to vote shares, revealing the extent to which Canadian parties have (un)even electoral support from province to province. In doing so, we explore not only the system as a whole but individual parties as well.

Diversity, Justice, and Community. The Canadian Context, Beverly-Jean M. Daniel (dir.), Toronto, Canadian Scholars’ Press, 2016, 265 p.

Diversity, Justice, and Community. The Canadian Context, Beverly-Jean M. Daniel (dir.), Toronto, Canadian Scholars’ Press, 2016, 265 p.

Navigating the “ethical space” of truth and reconciliation: Non-Indigenous school principals in Saskatchewan

Although there is much contention around the role of settlers in reconciliation [Maddison, S., Clark, T., & de Costa, R. (2016). The limits of settler colonial reconciliation: Non-Indigenous peoples and the responsibility to engage. Singapore: Springer], the current under-representation of Indigenous peoples in Canada’s K-12 education sector necessitates that non-Indigenous principals engage with the TRC’s Calls to Action if they are to be realized in today’s schools. Traversing the space between Indigenous and non-Indigenous world views, however, is complex and complicated work. In this vein, our research seeks to facilitate a deeper understanding of the orientation towards school leadership required to engrain and sustain Calls to Action as an integral part of Canadian education. In particular, we draw upon Goulet and Goulet’s [Goulet, L. M., & Goulet, K. N. (2014). Teaching each other: Nehinuw concepts and Indigenous pedagogies. Vancouver, BC: UBC Press] nehinuw philosophy of collectivism (discussed in their book Teaching Each Other), Ermine’s [ Ermine, W. (2007). The ethical space of engagement. The Indigenous Law Journal, 6(1), 193–203] ethical engagement, and Kovach’s [Kovach, M. (2005). Emerging from the margins: Indigenous methodologies. In L. Brown & S. Strega (Eds.), Research as resistance: Critical, Indigenous and anti-oppressive approaches (pp. 19–36). Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press] relationality to offer a new theoretical space from which to explore the practices of non-Indigenous leaders who are attempting to navigate these complexities.

Relations between Canada and the European Union as the Subject of Political Research

The given article is dedicated to peculiarities of studying foreign policy of Canada, in particular their relations with the European Union. Regardless of their distant geographic location, Canada has a long history of relations with the countries of the European continent. In particular, in the 20th century Canada played the role of the security donor for Europe and paid a substantial contribution into the victory in both world wars and its active participation in suppression to the Soviet threats during the Cold war. These circumstanced influenced the formation of Canadian foreign policy towards European countries. New division of the world powers as a result of the process of democratization of the Eastern part of the European continent resulted in widening and deepening European integrational processes, thus opening new perspectives and restrictions on the way of implementing Canadian national interests. These peculiarities are also caused by the unique character of the Canadian state-building policy, the fact of their bilingual society, geographic location, direct neighboring with the United States of America. However, common values and social-political orientations encouraged maintaining transatlanting ties and common positions in dealing with problems of global development both in Europe and Canada. It is stated that in the sphere of political research the Canadian scholars are given the biggest dominance. Moreover, there hasn’t been enough strictly conceptual or valid theoretical material among the articles published until recently. Changed became noticeable at the edge of the 80s-90s in the last century. However, articles didn’t signify the formation of the powerful, self-confident academic sphere in studying Canadian foreign policy. It is explained by the low interest towards foreign policy of this North-American State by overseas scholars. It is also analyzed that the Ukrainian researchers didn’t make thorough investigation in this sphere, although they have constantly demonstrated their interest in political aspects of Canada’s development as well as their Euro-integration issue. Key words: political science; foreign policy; Canada; the European Union.

The Canadian Electoral System

The Canadian electoral system is one of the most democratic in the world. Despite the constant challenges of changing reality, Canadaʼs political institutions continue to function as usual, providing, first and foremost, a legal framework that allows civilized forms to address many of the present-day problems. Given the difficult situation in Ukraine, research into the experience of most developed countries, such as Canada, on the formation and functioning of an effective electoral system is as relevant as ever. This article examines the process of origination and formation of the Canadian electoral system in historical retrospect, with a focus on gender and racial components. It also highlighted the peculiarities of the election system in Canada during the election campaign (brief analysis of Canadian electoral law during the last three cycles of parliamentary elections 2008, 2011 and 2015), the advantages and disadvantages of major parties policy, which helped to make conclusions about the activity and effectiveness of change in the Canadian election field. How has the political spectrum of the country changed as a result of each election cycle? Why was the ruling party defeated? And will classic values and traditions be revived? Finding answers to these questions may be of interest to Canadian scholars as well as to researchers of general democratic processes taking place in the modern world.
 Keywords: electoral system, suffrage, electoral process, gender equality, racial component, electoral system, political party, politician.

Wilson, S., Breen, A. V., & DuPré, L. (Eds.). (2019). Research and reconciliation: Unsettling ways of knowing through Indigenous relationships. Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press.

Wilson, S., Breen, A. V., & DuPré, L. (Eds.). (2019). Research and reconciliation: Unsettling ways of knowing through Indigenous relationships. Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press.

Assessing the research efficiency of Canadian scholars in the management field: Evidence from the DEA and fsQCA

This study combines a data envelopment analysis (DEA) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to assess the research efficiency of Canadian scholars in the management field and examine the combination of causal conditions that might improve/hinder this efficiency. The DEA results indicate that there is substantial room for improvements of research efficiency within this field. Moreover, we obtained evidence showing that three determinants individually explain differences in research efficiency among scholars: seniority, public funding, and business school’s reputation. The fsQCA was used to further pursue this direction and identify how these three variables and scholars’ social capital interact to provide alternative routes to research efficiency. The fsQCA results show that none of the variables are necessary conditions for high research efficiency. However, three combinations of these variables are sufficient conditions for explaining high research efficiency.