Russian Agro-industrial Complex Research Articles

Agricultural workers’ labour satisfaction dependence in Russia with the use of the internet in professional activities

Digitalization process in the Russian agro-industrial complex is connected with an increase in the need for highly qualified personnel with competencies in the field of information and communication technologies. One of the most important incentives for consolidation highly professional personnel in rural areas is a high degree of employee satisfaction with the results of their work. The article purpose is to determine the influence degree of the Internet use by Russian agricultural workers for professional purposes on various aspects of their labour satisfaction. Based on data from The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) from 2010 to 2021, a various aspects’ comparative dynamic analysis of the labour satisfaction level of Internet users and non-users for production purposes, as well as the dynamics analysis of the Internet use by agricultural workers with the dynamics of job satisfaction level various aspects was carried out. Correlation analysis determined the influence degree of professional Internet use on the level of labour satisfaction; a dependence modeling between various aspects of labour satisfaction on the using the Internet intensity for professional purposes was accomplished. It is established that the information and communication technologies’ use increases the degree of satisfaction with various aspects of labor activity, having a special impact on professional growth opportunities. However, the growth of digital competencies raises the employees’ ambition level and, accordingly, decreases the level of his or her labour satisfaction. In order to consolidate highly professional personnel in the industry, a multi-faceted approach is needed, including all possible mechanisms of social and economic support that contribute to growth the satisfaction level of an agricultural employee with the results of his or her labor activity.

Innovative Technology Complexity Assessment of the Russian Agro-Industrial Complex

The article concerns some aspects of technologies development for the future agro-industrial complex. The focus is on the systems complexity concept. The range of issues discussed are the following: analysis and synthesis tasks of technological systems; the technological system behavior in conditions of interaction with the external environment; the characteristic features of a complex technological system – integrity, openness, nonlinearity, hierarchy, structure degree, emergence, dynamism, instability, adaptability; the quantitative structure complexity assessment of elements depending on the composition (type, number); the quantitative structure complexity assessment of communications depending on the composition (type, number); the quantitative technology complexity assessment as a whole; the technological system complexity assessment study through the complexity categories of equipment maintenance implementing this technology; the equipment maintenance complexity category as a processes complexity measure in the technological flow; the features of complex technologies development with a quantitative assessment of their complexity level; the analysis of complex technological system as synergetics object. A man paid special attention to the dialectic of agricultural technologies, which complication was a natural historical process.

GREEN TAXONOMY OF THE RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX: CURRENT STATUS AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT

А comprehensive analysis of the system of measures to stimulate and support the agro-industrial complex was carried out by the author; it was emphasized that such measures should be based (and are already rely to a large extent) on the principles of modern approaches to managing core industries. One of these fundamental principles is the use of the principles of the ESG agenda - green taxonomy strategies and methods. There are the principles and tools of green taxonomy in agriculture considered in detail in this paper, its current directions are presented, including on the basis of a systematic and comprehensive study of vectors of state support, resource conservation of such key components of the environment as air, water and soil. This study is important in understanding the growing global interest in reorienting public support for agriculture to transform agricultural and food systems into health-enhancing activities, Economy and planet, ensuring food safety, compliance with ESG principles. The article states that only an enabling environment with the necessary commitment to consistency of public administration in this area, a new legal framework, additional financial resources and local support structures will support the green transformation of the of the country’s agro-industrial system, which has already begun.
 Background. The agro-industrial complex of the Russian economy has traditionally been at the center of the political and economic agenda in our country for many years. Power and legislative institutions of various levels, including, first of all, the President and the Government of the Russian Federation, as well as the authorities of the subjects of the Federation, pay increased attention to the regulation and support of this sphere. And this is no coincidence because of the stable development issue of the agro-industrial complex is directly related to aspects of national food security – is a key factor in the functioning of the entire macroeconomic complex of the country, the well-being and stability of the population’s life.
 Purpose. The purpose of this work is to identify and analyze the effectiveness of a set of measures taken at the state level to stimulate and develop the “green agenda” of the Russian agro-industrial complex.
 Materials and methods. The legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, analytical reviews of leading Russian and international communities, Rosstat data, expert opinions of specialists in specific specialized areas, data from periodicals, works of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of agriculture were used during the preparation and writing the article. Analytical and empirical approaches to solving the tasks were used, abstract-logical methods of structuring information, systematic and complex analysis of existing information arrays of data, as well as general scientific logical approaches and methods of study were involved in the course of the research.
 Results. The present study revealed the current prerequisites and proved the existing potential in terms of development priorities tin order achieve the goals of sustainable development by agricultural entities, especially with the full involvement of various levels of governance and sectors of the economy.

Transformation of Water Consumption and Sanitation in the Russian Part of the Transboundary Ural River Basin

Aim. Study of the transformation of water consumption and wastewater disposal in the Russian part of the Ural River basin. Ural in 1995-2020 due to changing socio-economic and technological conditions.Materials and Methods. The data of state statistical reporting (form 2-TP (vodkhoz)) for the period 1995-2020 were used. Materials of the AllRussian Agricultural Census of 2016, collections of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, "Agro-industrial Complex of Russia", on the commissioning of irrigated lands, the regional Department of Land Reclamation and reports on the state and environmental protection for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were consulted. The study was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach using the following methods: (1) analytical (collection and systematization of primary information); (2) special (tables compiled, charts constructed; (3) statistical data processing and comparative analysis.Results. It was revealed that from 1995 to 2020 water intake in the Russian part of the Ural River basin to meet the needs of the population and the economy was reduced by 2.4 times. The average daily specific water consumption per 1 inhabitant has decreased in all regions. The water cycle coefficient in the basin increased from 73 to 88%. In recent years, an increase in the area of irrigated land has begun.Conclusion. There has been a noticeable reduction in water consumption and wastewater disposal in the Russian part of the Ural River basin. This is mainly due to the decline in industrial and agricultural production, as well as the development of circulating water supply in industry and the introduction of water-saving equipment in housing and communal services.

Dialectics of the Russia agro-industrial complex technologies

The article deals with some aspects of future technologies creating of the Russian agro-industrial complex. The focus is on a synergistic approach to the complex self-organizing technological systems for food production development. Issues in discussion are the prospect of a new industrialization of the agro-industrial complex (AIC); general principles and tasks of applied philosophy; dialectical spiral as a model of technology development; the dynamics of the agro-industrial complex technological systems development from the point of view of the dialectical method; features of the process of self-organization of AIC technologies as complex systems; analysis of directions for the development of agro-industrial complex technologies; interpretation of the Basic Laws of Dialectics in terms of the development of agro-industrial complex technologies in the 21st century; the feasibility and conditions for the creation of complexes "Agro-Food Technology" in the agro-industrial complex as a way to the Sixth technological order. Special focus is paid to the dialectical complication of AIC technologies.

SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE SHORT-TERM LEASE OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY

He paper presents a scientific and practical justification of the possibilities of short-term lease (rental) of agricultural machinery. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing the provision of agricultural machinery to the agro-industrial complex and to reveal the essence of the problem of organizing a mechanism for short-term rental of agricultural machinery. (Materials and methods) Indicated that the technical equipment of the agro-industrial complex remains at the level of 60-65 percent of the regulatory requirement to date. According to the Department of Crop Production, Mechanization, Chemicalization and Plant Protection of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, as of January 1, 2020, the need to purchase only energy-saturated agricultural machinery is: tractors 70 thousand, combine harvesters 38 thousand, forage harvesters 3 thousand. The use of the mechanism of short-term lease of agricultural machinery will improve the provision of equipment, especially during periods of intense agricultural work (sowing, harvesting). (Results and discussion) The analysis and calculations of economic efficiency have shown the possibility of using this type of replenishment of the machine and tractor fleet for all categories of agricultural producers. It will be of interest in terms of financial costs (rent), tax and depreciation benefits during the operation of short-term lease of agricultural machinery. (Conclusions) As a result of the conducted research, it was concluded that the organization of short-term rental (rental) of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, especially in the face of large-scale economic sanctions from the EC countries, the USA and Canada, will serve as an effective measure to ensure the machine and tractor fleet.

THE ROLE OF STANDARDIZATION IN EFFICIENT UTILIZATION OF COMBINE HARVESTERS

Currently, in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, there is a need to update the list of regulatory documents required for certification and maintenance of agricultural machinery in operation, including the disposal of decommissioned agricultural machinery. The development of a standard for the utilization of grain and forage harvesters is an urgent task. (Research purpose) The research purpose is describing the provisions of the standard for the disposal of combine harvesters and assessing the effectiveness of its implementation. (Materials and methods) Used the methodology of developing standards at the interstate level. It was noted that the specifics of this work consists in passing a public discussion and examination of the draft standard by specialists of the engineering service and interested organizations and enterprises of the Russian Federation and the member states of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Have taken into account in the draft standard the basic provisions of the Directives of the European Union: 2000/53/EC «On vehicles decommissioned»; 2005/64/EC «On the approval of the type of vehicles with regard to reuse, recycling and regeneration of energy and amendments to Directive 70/156/EC». (Results and discussion) We have prepared a draft standard that meets the conditions of the current state of the combine harvester fleet and the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex, and sent it for discussion. (Conclusions) The introduction of a modern standard for the disposal of combines updates the list of regulatory documents required for the disposal of agricultural machinery, will contribute to the technical progress of the domestic agro-industrial complex, stable receipt of secondary resources in the form of usable and restored parts, metal (black, non-ferrous), polymers, rubber, glass. The implementation of the requirements of the standard will allow you to correctly build recycling processes, increase the efficiency of the fleet of agricultural machinery.

Problems and prospects for the development of the agroindustrial complex in Russia

The article deals with the problems of the dynamics of agro-industrial complex of Russia and the tendencies of its functioning in modern conditions. The peculiarities of the agrarian sector of the country, advantages and disadvantages of the agro-industrial complex development are studied. The author expresses the opinion about the necessity of certain actions in the state policy on the regulation and support of agro-industrial production. It is necessary to develop a set of measures to stimulate the development of the introduction of alternative energy in rural areas, as well as in the areas of industrial livestock complexes, as well as to develop technological regulations for the production of agricultural organic products, its evaluation standards and mechanisms for the transition of Russian agriculture from the production of higher environmental quality to “green standards”. It is necessary to pay attention to such areas as sustainable investment development, technical and technological proposals, land reclamation infrastructure, digitalization and many others.

Об управлении рисками проектов развития в хлебопечении

The bakery industry is one of the most important in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, since it serves to provide the population with one of the main food products. The development program of this industry provides for improving the quality of products by bringing manufacturers closer to consumers, as well as by increasing the flexibility of production and better adapting it to the needs of the population on the basis of the development of small-scale production, provided its profitability and competitiveness. In this regard, the industry is expected to increase the scale of development and implementation of investment projects, which necessitates their thorough analysis to identify specific risks and manage investment activities. In this article, the main attention is paid to the risks of erroneous assessment by the initiator of all the consequences of planned measures. Often, being sure of a positive result, assessors miss important circumstances, which can lead to the opposite effect. With strict adherence to the methodological recommendations and their comprehensive application, it is possible to avoid situations when the initiator of the project financially damages himself with his own decisions. In difficult cases, this requires timely and qualified consulting support.

Keynesian approach to economy regulation: answers to the challenges facing the agro-industrial complex

The paper presents the main aspects of the Keynesian theory of state economic policy in the context of responding to global challenges and national barriers facing the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex. The purpose of the work is to explore the possibilities of the Keynesian approach to respond to the challenges facing the agro-industrial complex of modern Russia. The methodological basis of the study is an integrated approach. The study identifies the main postulates of Keynesian theory. On the basis of macroeconomic models of aggregate demand and aggregate supply, the Keynesian cross, the features of the Keynesian approach to the regulation of economic activity in terms of investment, savings, and consumption are formulated. The Keynesian macroeconomic model of state policy is presented, implemented by increasing the real volume of investment expenditures through fiscal and monetary policies; methods of increasing effective solvent demand; reducing the fiscal burden on the population and business. The limits of the application of Keynesian methods are defined: "liquidity trap”; the emergence of a chronic budget deficit; the attenuation of the multiplier-acceleration mechanism; “stagflation”; “inflationary spiral”. The relevance of the application of Keynesian methods of regulation in the modern Russian agro-industrial complex is substantiated: fiscal methods can have a beneficial effect on the development of agriculture: the growth of investments in the agricultural sector by 1%, stimulates economic growth in the industry by 0.64%; monetary methods have a long-term significant impact on the agricultural sector development; an increase in effective solvent demand for food in conditions of insufficient demand for food products in Russia is of high importance; a reduction in the fiscal burden can have a beneficial impact on agriculture development.

Типология региональных систем АПК России

The modern conditions for the functioning of the Russian agro-industrial complex, due to both objective and subjective reasons, require improvement of adaptation and management mechanisms. The consequences of the coronavirus crisis have created a demand for transformation of the food security system. The regional level of management has the potential to overcome existing challenges and threats and solve emerging problems in the Russian agro-industrial complex. The transformation of regional agricultural systems requires comprehension both from the standpoint of an institutional approach and a theoretical and methodological one. The purpose of the study is to improve the theoretical principles of the functioning of regional agro-industrial complex systems by developing their typology. The article presents the scientific views of leading Russian scientists, as well as the results of their own research.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЦИФРОВОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ В АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ РОССИИ

The relevance of the research topic is due to the strategic importance of increasing the productivity of the Russian agro-industrial complex. Currently, in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation there is a significant technological gap in terms of ensuring reasonable growth of agribusiness based on digital technologies and solutions, which negatively affects its production, export potential and financial condition. The purpose of the study follows from the topic of the study and is to study the problems and prospects for the development of digital infrastructure in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation and its potential for ensuring the intellectual growth of the industry. The study examines the conceptual framework, conducts a statistical study of activity in the field of digitalization of agriculture on the part of agribusiness, priority business models of agriculture in the digital economy; an assessment of investment activity is given taking into account the formation of digital infrastructure. The authors also analyzed the priorities for the development of digital services and solutions in the agricultural sector. At the conclusion of the scientific research, the main problems of forming digital infrastructure in the agro-industrial complex are identified.

Научное обеспечение реализации Стратегии развития мясного животноводства в Российской Федерации

To present the role of science in the country’s economy development, the possibilities of the Russian agro-industrial complex in solving the problem of food independence are shown on the example of government approach for providing of meat products to the population. According to our estimates, in 2021 it was produced the products on 1683.5 billion rubles by the meat industry of Russian Federation, the meat was imported on 96.2 billion rubles, and the import dependence of the domestic meat market (in value terms) decreased to 5.7%. In 2010 these figures were 683.5 billion rubles, 171.1 billion rubles and 28.0%, respectively. During the implementation of the “Strategy of the animal husbandry development at Russian Federation for the period up to 2020”, the lack of meat products in the diet of our population was completely eliminated, while in 2021 domestic meat producers provided 107.3% of the needs of rational nutrition standards and the share of domestic producers at meat market reached to 95.9%. The import dependence on meat products at our country is within acceptable limits and amounts (in natural terms) to only 4.1%. Optimization of the industry structure and intensification of animal husbandry on the basis of the latest achievements provided by agricultural science in short term ensured the market saturation with meat products in the required assortment and created prerequisites for the cost-effective management of all industries.

Crop production trends in the context of the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation

The article examines the dynamics of achieving the main targets for crop production in the Russian Federation and identifies the nature of the problems associated with under-fulfillment of some indicators for crop production. The commodity structure of the export/import of the Russian Federation for crop production for 2021, the dynamics of expansion and the structure of the acreage of agricultural crops are analyzed, information is provided on the achievement of the planned values of indicators for 2021, it is proved that Russia has reached the values of food security in almost all key areas: grain, vegetable oil, sugar, etc. The results showed that there are still a number of unresolved problems, including investing in domestic agricultural science and their effectiveness, reducing the human potential of innovative activity of the Russian agro-industrial complex, inefficiency of communications between key stakeholders, resource provision of the agro-industrial complex.

Increasing the resource efficiency of storing agricultural products

The article presents statistical data on the dynamics of the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex in the direction of increasing productivity and notes the problems faced by the processing industry (crop products). For successful crop production, plant protection products are used that enter the soil and groundwater, which indirectly affects the state of the environment. The importance of the implementation of the Long-term strategy for the development of the grain complex of the Russian Federation was emphasized. Analyzed data from studies on the storage of grain harvest, which is subjected to fumigation; an assessment of the safety of the tightness of the filled power carriers was carried out. The features of soil, water and air pollution in the zone of influence are discussed. The danger of using pesticides, which create risks of chemical contamination of environmental objects and food products of the population, is emphasized. Statistical information characterizing modern methods of grain storage in the Southern and Central Federal Districts, the pros and cons of these methods are considered. Examples of the practical significance of power runners in the process of grain storage are given (based on data from representatives of the agro-industrial complex). The issues of fumigation of the grain mass at the stage of storage in silobags are touched upon. The possibility of environmental impact of by-products of storage of grain mass is discussed. Ecological aspects of this storage technology are analyzed. Proposals for improving approaches to the storage of grain mass are formulated.

Food security of Russia in modern condition

The problem of food security is global in the context of sanctions and conflicts. The study is devoted to the assessment of the level of food security of the Russian Federation. The paper assesses the current level of food security in Russia based on the analysis of trends in the development of the agro-industrial complex, and also identifies threats and challenges to Russia’s food security at the present stage. The research is based on statistical data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, as well as analysis methods including computational and constructive, monographic, economic and statistical, comparative and system analysis, synthesis, etc. The article suggests measures to strengthen Russia’s food security, taking into account the unpredictable development of the Russian economy. The results of the work make it possible to conclude that, despite the problems, the Russian agro-industrial complex successfully provides food to the population of the country and continues to gain momentum in the export of products. Russian scientists clarify the concept of innovation, the latest threats, problems of food security in individual countries and regions. The situation is aggravated by such factors as the imposition of sanctions on persons related to agricultural assets, the impact of sanctions on transportation and finance, and other restrictions, bikies. The Ukrainian crisis and Western restrictions against Russia are damaging food stability at both regional and country-wide, global levels.

Economic risks in the activity of agro-industrial complex enterprises in conditions of import substitution

The scientific article is devoted to the study of economic risks in the activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in the context of import substitution. The purpose of the scientific research is to identify critical risks in the activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in the context of import substitution and to substantiate possible measures to level them. When preparing a scientific publication, general scientific (observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, the method of logical reasoning) and specific scientific methods (static analysis, peer review, graphical method, Foresight's "4 worlds" method) were used. Results: the critical risks for the normal functioning of agro-industrial enterprises are: 1) the occurrence of a shortage of seed material; 2) raw material dependence of manufacturers of plant protection products against pests; 3) the critical dependence of the Russian agro-industrial complex on the import of feed additives and vaccines aimed at realizing the genetic potential of animal breeds; 4) degradation of the genetic fund of biological assets bred in animal husbandry with insufficient experience in genetic modeling and domestic selection; 5) technological dependence of the digitalization of business processes in the agro-industrial complex on technology transfer and a decrease in innovative activity in agribusinesses. The main efforts to resolve the existing risks are: active support for domestic seed producers through the provision of tax incentives and other regulatory preferences; creation of a national standard for the formation and storage of data - Big GeoData, which will become the basis for the formation of the domestic market of digital agricultural technologies; creation of full-fledged domestic productions based on gaining access to technologies for the creation of plant protection products and tracking the latest developments by

Regional agricultural production development management in line with digitalisation trends

The article reveals the directions to solve the problem of modernisation of agricultural production management, the use of digital technologies, and automated agrotechnical solutions to ensure food security in the country and individual regions. The object of the study is the regional agro-industrial complex, functioning and developing under the conditions of new economic and technological challenges. The purpose of the study is to form conceptual ideas about approaches to the management of agricultural production at the regional level to ensure a new quality of development of the agro-industrial sector in the conditions of global technological changes and increasing environmental uncertainty. It is concluded that the management of the agroindustrial complex of the Russian regions based on the application of digital technologies determines the nature of the functioning and development of the Russian agroindustrial complex in accordance with modern trends and challenges from the external environment.

Features of economic accessibility of food supply of the population

This study is devoted to the analysis of the economic accessibility of food supply to the population. The authors consider the main conditions for access to products, such as their appearance on the market and economic accessibility. The problems of food security and economic accessibility are discussed in the context of the Russian agro-industrial complex. A difficult situation in the industry is revealed, associated with the debt burden of agricultural producers, limited opportunities for modernization and low availability of certain products. To overcome the problems, it is proposed to develop comprehensive strategies, including stimulating agriculture, improving lending, developing cooperation and applying advanced agricultural technologies. This study is of practical importance for the formation of policies aimed at ensuring the economic availability of food and improving the quality of life of the population.

The Eurasian Economic Union as a factor of ensuring food security of Russia

Subject. The article considers activities of the Russian Federation and the Russian agro-industrial complex within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the interests of ensuring Russia's food security under sanctions. Objectives. The aims are to analyze the activities of the agro-industrial complex of the EAEU member States to ensure collective food security and economic integration of the EAEU, to define the EAEU contribution to Russia's food security in conditions of increasingly tightening regime of foreign trade restrictions. Methods. The study draws on methods of analysis and synthesis, grouping and comparison, abstraction, generalization, and analogy. Trends in the main parameters of the activities of the agro-industrial complex of the EAEU member States were examined based on statistical data analysis, using the methods of mathematical modeling and systems analysis. Results. The paper presents some results of the analysis of activities of the agro-industrial complex of the EAEU member States to ensure collective food security of the Eurasian Economic Union and its economic integration, defines the role and contribution of the EAEU to Russia's food security under the regime of foreign trade restrictions. Conclusions. At present, Russia maintains a high level of availability of agricultural products to its population and raw agricultural resources to the domestic food and processing industry provides stable supplies of agricultural products and raw materials to a number of EAEU member countries. There are significant reserves to increase interstate trade in agricultural products and raw agricultural resources within the EAEU market.