Restore Soil Fertility Research Articles

Application of remote monitoring and ground-based sensing in pastoralism

The development and implementation of an innovative system applying digital aerospace technologies in pastoralism constitute one of the current trends in agricultural development designed to solve numerous problems associated with soil fertility restoration in grazing pastures. Here, a promising line of research is to explore the feasibility of using satellite systems for an overall nutrient yield assessment per hectare of grazing land. The present article describes a comprehensive approach to the optimization of pastoralism that is based on remote methods for assessing pasture fertility using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and artificial Earth satellites. An analysis of existing methodological approaches reveals that the formalization of prediction processes is complicated by the lack of a theoretical basis for creating appropriate model-algorithmic support. The data on vegetation index dynamics and the nutritional values of forage plants obtained by interpreting imagery from a UAV camera and the multispectral cameras of a satellite service, as well as data from a portable handheld nitrogen sensor, were compared with the actual nutritional values of pasture plants. The study results provide a means to optimize the grouping of grazing animals, taking into account the actual possibility of achieving an increase in live weight. The provided findings indicate the possibility of achieving an additional 11.06% increase in daily live weight gain in young sheep (Jalgin Merino) when keeping them in pasture areas having a vegetation index of at least 0.5. Remote monitoring based on satellite service allows more efficient use of pastures. Study shows a positive relationship between remote sensing NDVI and feed nutritional value. Animal grazing optimization provides an additional 11.06% increase in live weight gain.

Formation of an organisational and technological mechanism for the development of the fertiliser market in the Russian Federation

Ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country, achieving a food independence is associated with the development of the fertiliser market. The conducted research points to the formed market of mineral fertilisers with stable supply and demand, with a focus on export operations. There is no organised market for organic fertilisers in Russia. Production on an industrial scale has not been established, although all the prerequisites are present, in particular, a sufficiently powerful resource and raw material base. During the period from 2009 to 2021, the volume of solid manure decreased from 105.95 million tons to 86.64 million tons, semi-liquid from 117.02 million tons to 109.13 million tons, liquid manure increased from 38.68 million tons to 87.62 million tons. There is an urgent need for the production and application of organic fertilisers, as indicated by the negative balance of humus in the soil from 3.14 to 6.26 million tons d.v. It is proposed to develop an organisational and technological mechanism for the development of the organic fertiliser market. The conceptual apparatus of the mechanism is presented, organisational and technological components are defined. In order to justify the placement of organic fertiliser production, it is proposed to use the optimal localisation of processing enterprises based on the theories of production placement. The technologies of applying organic fertilisers are substantiated, a modern set of technical means developed using high-tech technologies and tested at agar enterprises in the south of Russia is proposed. Full-fledged application of high-quality organic fertilisers contributes to the restoration of soil fertility, increasing the yield of agricultural crops.

Methods for converting unsuitable saline lands into suitable soils using the “Coal Acid Utility Model”

The article discusses ways to convert unsuitable saline lands into suitable ones using the “Carbon Dioxide Forming Utility Model” and the integrated use of desalinating biocomposites. A three-year study proved that among the 10 options studied, the best desalinating and restoring soil fertility turned out to be 10-9-8 and 7 options. In these options, the savings in wash water, respectively, were according to the option: 1.46 times; the amount of chloride and sulfate ions decreased: 55-54.2-52.4-51.5 %; cotton yield: 15.8-15.214.4-14.1c/ha yield increase was higher than the control variant. It was also determined on a scientific basis through the use of the “Carbon Dioxide Forming Utility Model” and the complex use of biostrains and immunocomposites for the successful origin of the neutralization process, the amount of harmful salts in the soil decreased, the absorption of phosphorus fertilizers by plants improved and the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil increased, its structure improved. Also, the uniform distribution of macro and microelements in plants was balanced. By improving the neutralization and structure of the soil, degraded land was restored to fertile. The laws of balance were restored.

Soil fertility monitoring and mapping with a minimal set of data: A case study for rice paddies

Odisha is an agrarian state where 73% population dependent on farming and most of them are small and marginal farmer. Farmers of this state also vulnerable to different natural extreme events like flood, drought and cyclone. For sustainable crop production it is essential to develop a village level the soil fertility index (SFI) map at a higher resolution. A total of 192 gridded soil samples with a resolution of 0.5 km × 0.5 km were collected in Tangi Choudwar. The Soil organic carbon (SOC), available Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and micronutrient (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) maps were developed using spatial variability analysis. Then a complete soil fertility index map was developed using the Arc GIS software. In spatial variability analysis SOC and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) content were higher in NE site of Tangi Choudwar block. The SFI value was range between 0.21 to 0.62 with higher SFI in reported at NE site. Person’s correlation of rice grain yield showed a positively correlation with SFI (0.44, P<0.05). These results showed that soil fertility index can be used in precision agriculture during crop planning and restoration of soil fertility of a region.

Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status.

Modern agriculture systems are copiously dependent on agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides intended to increase crop production and yield. The indiscriminate use of these chemicals not only affects the growth of plants due to the accumulation of toxic compounds, but also degrades the quality and life-supporting properties of soil. There is a dire need to develop some green approach that can resolve these issues and restore soil fertility and sustainability. The use of plant biostimulants has emerged as an environmentally friendly and acceptable method to increase crop productivity. Biostimulants contain biological substances which may be capable of increasing or stimulating plant growth in an eco-friendly manner. They are mostly biofertilizers that provide nutrients and protect plants from environmental stresses such as drought and salinity. In contrast to the protection of crop products, biostimulants not only act on the plant's vigor but also do not respond to direct actions against pests or diseases. Plant biostimulants improve nutrient mobilization and uptake, tolerance to stress, and thus crop quality when applied to plants directly or in the rhizospheric region. They foster plant growth and development by positively affecting the crop life-cycle starting from seed germination to plant maturity. Legalized application of biostimulants causes no hazardous effects on the environment and primarily provides nutrition to plants. It nurtures the growth of soil microorganisms, which leads to enhanced soil fertility and also improves plant metabolism. Additionally, it may positively influence the exogenous microbes and alter the equilibrium of the microfloral composition of the soil milieu. This review frequently cites the characterization of microbial plant biostimulants that belong to either a high-risk group or are closely related to human pathogens such as Pueudomonas, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, etc. These related pathogens cause ailments including septicemia, gastroenteritis, wound infections, inflammation in the respiratory system, meningitis, etc., of varied severity under different conditions of health status such as immunocompromized and comorbidity. Thus it may attract the related concern to review the risk status of biostimulants for their legalized applications in agriculture. This study mainly emphasizes microbial plant biostimulants and their safe application concerns.

EFFECT OF ANNUAL FLOODING ON CASSAVA PRODUCTION AND COPPING STRATEGIES IN KOLOKUMA/OPOKUMA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BAYELSA STATE

The study examined the effect of flooding on cassava production in Kolokuma/Opokuma Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: ascertain the effect of annual flooding on cassava production and assess the coping strategies employed by the farmers in combating the effects in the study. Multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select one hundred (100) cassava farmers for the study. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and mean scores, while ordinary least square simple regression analysis was used to test the null hypothesis at 5% level of significance. The result revealed that land erosion (= 3.05), pre-mature harvesting of crops (= 2.99), loss of crops (= 2.96), reduced soil fertility (= 2.93) and shortened farming season (= 2.71) were notable effects of annual flooding on cassava production. Furthermore, planting quick maturing varieties of crops (92.2%), digging of drainages/embankments before flood season (89.0%), planting early and harvesting before the onset of flood (85.0%) and conserving food and water (80.0%) were the major coping strategies employed by cassava farmers in combating the effects of annual flooding on cassava production. The ordinary least square regression analysis revealed that flooding (-45.285)*** significantly and negatively influenced the output of cassava farmers at 1% level of significance. The study concluded that flooding negatively influenced the output of cassava farmers. The study therefore recommended that there is need to support farmers in the study area with information on how to combat flooding menace so as to restore soil fertility, reduce land erosion/loss of crops thus ensuring food abundance during flooding. Keywords: Cassava, Coping, Effect, Flooding, Production, Strategies

IDENTIFIKASI SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN TINGKAT KESUBURAN TANAH PADA LAHAN BERA DI DESA WOLOKELO KECAMATAN KELIMUTU KABUPATEN ENDE

The fallow system is a system of restoring soil fertility by leaving the soil uncultivated. Almost all traditional farming systems practice the fallow system. This study aims to determine the chemical properties of the soil and the level of soil fertility on Bera land in Wolokelo Village. Research with this exploratory method, sampling the soil on the vegetable field without using the fallow period, the fallow period is 5 years and the fallow period is 10 years. The study was conducted from July to October 2020. The variables observed were soil pH, C-Organic, P2O5, K2O, CEC, and KB. The variables that have been analyzed are described by comparing the criteria for soil chemistry and soil fertility from the Bogor Soil Research Center. The results showed that the chemical properties of soil on fallow and non-fallow horticultural lands for C-organic soil elements were 4.50% -4.12%, total soil N ranged from 0.76%-0.72%, soil P ranged from 0.76% to 0.72%. between 77.18-72.20, the K element in the soil in Wolokelo Village ranged from 1.06-1.09 me/100g, the CEC element ranged from 39.27-33.77me/100g, the soil KB ranged from 80.87 %-80.31%, and soil pH ranged from 6.15-6.08. While the criteria for soil fertility on fallow land in Wolokelo Village are classified as moderate.

EFFECTS OF NUTRIENT SOURCES AND AGRO-ECOLOGY ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA

The study was conducted at both Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University teaching and research farm, Bauchi located in the Northern Guinea Savannah and also at Bulkachuwa village of Katagum LGA located in Sudan Savannah both in Bauchi state, during the wet seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2018 to investigate the effects of nutrient sources and agro-ecology on physic-chemical properties of soil. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of five nutrient sources (poultry manure, cow dung, chicken feather, municipal waste, mineral fertilizer) and a control and two varieties of castor (Ex-India 1 and 2), these gave 12 treatment combinations and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of the experiment revealed a significant (P≤0.05) difference among the treatments used throughout the study period. The results of the soil analysis before the conduct of the experiment revealed that, the soil in both locations is sandy loam in texture. It also indicated that, the soils are slightly acidic, low in organic carbon, available P (mg/kg) and total N (g/kg) while the exchangeable cations (cmol/kg) are medium, following the ESU rating. The result after treatment application showed that, soil texture remained the same (sandy loam) in both locations. The soil pH was neutral to slightly acidic while organic carbon ranged from medium to high with highest value in poultry manure and chicken feather in Bauchi but generally low to medium in Bulkachuwa location. Available P and total N were medium to high in Bauchi but low to medium in Bulkachuwa location. However, the exchangeable cations were rated to be high in both locations following ESU rating. Based on the results of this study, Application of poultry manure or chicken feather at the rate of 2 tons/ha should be adopted by farmers in the study area for good soil fertility restoration.

Влияние растительности на микрофлору полигонов твердых промышленных отходов в период рекультивации

The research was carried out at the stationary pilot site of LLC LUKOIL-Volgogradneftepererabotka located in the Volgograd region. Soil samples for microbiological analysis were taken from each variant of the experiment according to GOST 28168-89 from the upper root-inhabited horizon in the aisles and under shrubs Arónia melanocárpa, Rósa canína, Crataegus submollis, Hippophae rhamnoídes, Prúnus virginiána, Tamarix ramosissima. The most diverse communities of microorganisms were formed under the crowns of rosehip, hawthorn and cherry (16 generic complexes). The smallest number of genera was found under tamarix (12 genera) In soils with weakly occurring processes of mineralization of organic substances, imperfect fungi dominate, for which organic nitrogen is needed (Alternaria, Fusarium, etc.). The positive influence of shrubs on the microflora of the soil of recultivated objects was revealed. Saprophytic microflora prevails over pathogenic. In the experiment, the biological activity of soils containing oil sludge, according to the degree of decomposition of plant residues, depended on the growing shrubs and their organic matter. Under the crowns of Rósa canína, Prúnus virginiána and Arónia melanocárpa, it was 12.7-14.3 % higher than under the crowns of Tamarix ramosissima. It has been established that the microbiological activity of the soil increases, the process of restoring fertility and health accelerates. The greatest activity of microorganisms was detected under the crowns of rosehip, aronia, hawthorn and cherry. The leaves of these shrubs quickly turn into the organic matter of the soil, improving the conditions for the existence of soil microorganisms. Plantings of shrubs create phytomeliorative protection for grasses, which form a sufficiently large phytomass of leaves and stems (9.14 c/ha) at the end of the growing season. The resulting organic matter is nutrition for the microflora and contributes to the restoration of soil fertility.

The PGPR Fertilizer Processing Training in Banyuresmi Village, Jiput District, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province

The availability of organic fertilizer is one of the keys to the success of the go-organic program that is scheduled by the government. Increasing the use of organic fertilizers and reducing the use of pesticide fertilizers, it is expected to increase the yield of bamboo farming in Banyuresmi Village. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) fertilizer is one way to restore soil fertility because some bacteria from the PGPR group are nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Thus, it is necessary to socialize and assist the manufacture of PGPR fertilizer in Banyuresmi Village. The method of implementing this activity includes 1) the preparation stage, namely preparing a simple guide, and preparing tools and materials for the manufacture of mycorrhizal-PGPR combination. 2) the implementation stage consists of a) (Lecture/Counseling Method); b) Training for the manufacture of mycorrhizal-PGPR combinations; Discussion and question and answer; and Evaluation. This training concludes that the residents of Banyuresmi Village are greatly helped by the training in making PGPR fertilizer. Through the training, the residents of Bnyuresmi Village received information about processing PGPR fertilizer as a way to increase the production of bamboo plant commodities.

The Effect of the Number of Watering and the Amount of Inorganic Fertilizers on the Structural Indicators of Winter Oats

The results of studies on the influence of the number of irrigation and mineral fertilizers on the structural indicators of winter oats in the Western part of Azerbaijan are presented. It was found that 2 irrigations contributed to an increase in the productivity of stems (39-100 pcs/ m2, the length of the ear is 1.7—6.0 cm, the number of grains in the ear is 4-10 pcs, the seed weight of the ear is 0.08-0.16 g, the thousand seed weight is 2.5—7.5 g compared with the control variant). Three — time watering — contributed to an even greater increase in oat indicators (43-102 pcs/m2, ear length — 2.2-6.3 cm, the number of grains in the ear — 6-12 pieces, the seed weight of the ear is 0.11-0.20 g, the thousand seed weight is 3.3-9.4 g compared to the non-maneuverable control variant). In order to obtain a high and high-quality harvest of oat grain and restore soil fertility on the gray-brown irrigated soils of the Ganja-Kazakh economic zone, it is recommended that farms use vegetation irrigation and mineral fertilizers in the norm N120P120K903 times annually.

Whole genome analysis for plant growth promotion profiling of Pantoea agglomerans CPHN2, a non-rhizobial nodule endophyte.

Reduced agricultural production as well as issues like nutrient-depleted soils, eutrophication, and groundwater contamination have drawn attention to the use of endophyte-based bioformulations to restore soil fertility. Pantoea agglomerans CPHN2, a non-rhizobial nodule endophyte isolated from Cicer arietinum, exhibited a variety of plant growth-promoting traits. In this study, we used NextSeq500 technology to analyze whole-genome sequence information of this plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria. The genome of P. agglomerans CPHN2 has a length of 4,839,532 bp and a G + C content of 55.2%. The whole genome comprises three different genomic fractions, comprising one circular chromosome and two circular plasmids. A comparative analysis between P. agglomerans CPHN2 and 10 genetically similar strains was performed using a bacterial pan-genome pipeline. All the predicted and annotated gene sequences for plant growth promotions (PGPs), such as phosphate solubilization, siderophore synthesis, nitrogen metabolism, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) of P. agglomerans CPHN2, were identified. The whole-genome analysis of P. agglomerans CPHN2 provides an insight into the mechanisms underlying PGP by endophytes and its potential applications as a biofertilizer.

Soil Microbiome: A Treasure Trove for Soil Health Sustainability under Changing Climate

Climate change imprints on soil are projected primarily through the changes in soil moisture and surge in soil temperature and CO2 levels in response to climate change and is anticipated to have varying impacts on soil characteristics and processes that are instrumental in the restoration of soil fertility as well as productivity. Climate change encompasses a major concern of sharing its impact on the stability and functionality of soil microbiome and is characterized by one or more chief stability metrics encircling resistance, resilience, and functional redundancy. Nevertheless, the explorations over the past years have unveiled the potential of microbial interventions in the regeneration of soils or assurance of perked-up resilience to crops. The strategies involved therein encompass harnessing the native capability of soil microbes for carbon sequestration, phyto-stimulation, bio fertilization, rhizo-mediation, biocontrol of plant pathogens, enzyme-mediated breakdown, antibiosis, prompting of anti-oxidative defense mechanism, exudation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and induced systemic resistance (ISR) response in the host plant. However, the short storage and shelf-life of microbe-based formulations stay a significant constraint and rigorous efforts are necessary to appraise their additive impact on crop growth under changing climate scenarios.

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) integrated phytotechnology: A sustainable approach for remediation of marginal lands.

Land that has little to no utility for agriculture or industry is considered marginal land. This kind of terrain is frequently found on the edge of deserts or other arid regions. The amount of land that can be used for agriculture continues to be constrained by increasing desertification, which is being caused by climate change and the deterioration of agriculturally marginal areas. Plants and associated microorganisms are used to remediate and enhance the soil quality of marginal land. They represent a low-cost and usually long-term solution for restoring soil fertility. Among various phytoremediation processes (viz., phytodegradation, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, phytofiltration, phytostimulation, and phytodesalination), the employment of a specific mechanism is determined by the state of the soil, the presence and concentration of contaminants, and the plant species involved. This review focuses on the key economically important plants used for phytoremediation, as well as the challenges to plant growth and phytoremediation capability with emphasis on the advantages and limits of plant growth in marginal land soil. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) boost plant development and promote soil bioremediation by secreting a variety of metabolites and hormones, through nitrogen fixation, and by increasing other nutrients' bioavailability through mineral solubilization. This review also emphasizes the role of PGPB under different abiotic stresses, including heavy-metal-contaminated land, high salinity environments, and organic contaminants. In our opinion, the improved soil fertility of marginal lands using PGPB with economically significant plants (e.g., Miscanthus) in dual precession technology will result in the reclamation of general agriculture as well as the restoration of native vegetation.

Оценка экологического состояния агроландшафтов в южной части междуречья Тигра и Евфрата с использованием данных дистанционного зондирования и ГИС-технологий: теоретические основы и предпосылки

Identification of the current state and agroforestry arrangement of agricultural landscapes, including agricultural lands, is an urgent task, the solution of which will allow planning work to prevent the destruction of the fertile soil layer and create conditions for the sustainable functioning of natural and territorial complexes. The conducted research allowed us to establish that negative natural factors and the intensification of agricultural production lead to soil depletion; the limited area of land suitable for agriculture requires improving soil quality, returning degraded and abandoned lands to agricultural circulation; constant monitoring of agricultural lands is necessary for an objective assessment of the state and effective restoration of resources; the use of innovative resource-saving technologies, make it possible to prevent degradation and restore soil fertility. As a result of studies of agroforestry landscapes using geoinformation systems, a variant of a modified methodology for the study of agricultural land, the creation of agroforestry protective plantings to prevent soil degradation and deterioration of the conditions of functioning of agricultural land is proposed. The landscapes of the southern part of the interfluve of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers are the standards characteristic of floodplain ecosystems. Therefore, the results obtained using computer mapping and analysis of the state of agricultural lands can be used to form an ecological framework of sustainable landscapes, as well as to identify and map degradation processes in landscapes of analogues.

Adoption and Impact of Integrated Soil Fertility Management Technology on Food Production

Amid recent climate difficulties, integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) strategies are vital in restoring soil fertility, enhancing yield, and achieving the farmer community’s well-being. This study examines ISFM’s adoption and impact on wheat yields in Punjab, Pakistan, by employing an endogenous switching regression model (ESRM). The selection equation highlights the multiple factors such as age, gender, education, extension access, credit access, and social influence as essential predictors of ISFM adoption. Treatment effects showed that the average wheat yield is higher for adopters. The findings suggest refining the current institutional system will enhance adoption and food security by improving agricultural production.

RECONCILIATION OF HIGH EFFECTIVE HUMAT-CONTAINING ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZERS

One of the most effective ways to increase the yield and quality of crops, restore soil fertility is the use of humate-containing organo-mineral fertilizers. The purposeof the work is to obtain highly effective humate-containing organo-mineral fertilizersby the interaction of phosphorite and sodium humate in acidic environments. Methodology.Methods of chemical and physicochemical analysis were used: infrared spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy.Results and discussion. The influence of the norm of a mixture of acids (80-110% by stoichiometry) and the amount of sodium humate (100-150 g), temperature (20-60°C) on the interaction process in a complex heterogeneous system "phosphorite -a mixture of phosphoric and nitric acids -sodium humate" was studied. The optimal conditions for obtaining humate-containing organo-mineral fertilizers were determined: the norm of the mixture of acids from stoichiometry is 90%, the amount of sodium humate is 130 g, the temperature is 60 ° C.Conclusion.It has been established that the addition of sodium humate to the process of decomposition of phosphorite with a mixture of phosphoric and nitric acids inhibits the retrogradation of P2O5, increases the coefficients of water-soluble and assimilable forms of phosphorus, reduces the amount of acidic reagent by 10% of the stoichiometry and neutralizes the free acidity of suspensions. On the basis of the conducted studies, humate-containing organo-mineral fertilizers were obtained, containing I eatdigestible forms of phosphorus Kusv.> 90% and more than 68% of nutrients.

Nano-Restoration for Sustaining Soil Fertility: A Pictorial and Diagrammatic Review Article.

Soil is a real treasure that humans cannot live without. Therefore, it is very important to sustain and conserve soils to guarantee food, fiber, fuel, and other human necessities. Healthy or high-quality soils that include adequate fertility, diverse ecosystems, and good physical properties are important to allow soil to produce healthy food in support of human health. When a soil suffers from degradation, the soil’s productivity decreases. Soil restoration refers to the reversal of degradational processes. This study is a pictorial review on the nano-restoration of soil to return its fertility. Restoring soil fertility for zero hunger and restoration of degraded soils are also discussed. Sustainable production of nanoparticles using plants and microbes is part of the process of soil nano-restoration. The nexus of nanoparticle–plant–microbe (NPM) is a crucial issue for soil fertility. This nexus itself has several internal interactions or relationships, which control the bioavailability of nutrients, agrochemicals, or pollutants for cultivated plants. The NPM nexus is also controlled by many factors that are related to soil fertility and its restoration. This is the first photographic review on nano-restoration to return and sustain soil fertility. However, several additional open questions need to be answered and will be discussed in this work.

Coffee Skin Processing Becoming Organic Fertilizer in Belantih Village, Kintamani District, Bangli

Accelerated fermentation of coffee husk waste with the help of a fermenter and molasses solution for a certain time can produce compost which is an organic fertilizer product that provides added value and economic benefits for the community. Compost fertilizer when applied to soil can retain nutrients and water, increase the life of microorganisms in the soil and improve soil fertility and crop yields. This service in Belantih Village is carried out through training, counseling, mentoring, and technology transfer practices. The purpose of PKM is to obtain a composting technology package and strengthen group business management that is optimal and integrated with available natural resources. In this Community Partnership Program activity, the process of making compost based on coffee husk waste was introduced with simple fermentation technology. The community's response was very good to service activities at the Widya Pertiwi Women's Farmer Group. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants or the number of questions submitted to the extension team regarding composting technology and its benefits for agriculture. The resulting compost can be applied to agricultural soils to improve soil physical properties which overall restore soil fertility. Considering the benefits and potential of coffee husk raw materials are very abundant, the prospect of developing organic compost fertilizer is very good in the future. The results obtained from this community service are in the form of a technology package for making compost organic fertilizer based on coffee skin waste and improving management through optimal group institutional strengthening and integration with available natural resources.

Implementation of Circular Economy in Peatlands to Support Sustainable Food Security in Post Covid-19 Era

The peatlands in Indonesia have changed quite a lot in recent years due to over-exploitation and climate change. The land-use change on peatlands resulted in soil infertility. The impacts of the degradation of peatlands are almost certain to worsen with the COVID-19 pandemic because the peatlands have an important role in providing food resources. Therefore, the peatlands restoration must be carried out considering the importance of the peatlands as food resources and carbon capture. One of the alternative solutions is to recycle the waste from agroforestry into organic fertiliser. This study aimed to investigate the application of organic fertiliser to restore soil fertility in the peatlands. The study also offered the circular economy scheme that can be applied in the peatlands to restore sustainability. The results showed that the degraded peatland that has been restored by adding organic fertiliser from local sources has a higher soil pH level than the one without adding organic fertiliser. The increase in pH level can decrease soil hydrophobicity and increase microorganism activities, encouraging biodiversity in the peatlands. In this study, the circular economy scheme by the integration between agroforestry and livestock was assessed economically and environmentally. Recycling cows’ manure and leaf litter from peatlands into energy and recycling biogas sludge into biochar for biogas purification and soil enrichment benefit economically and contribute to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.