Religious Scientists Research Articles

How religious scientists balance work and faith.

How religious scientists balance work and faith.

Religious and Historical Legends about the Cities of Sauran, Karachuk and Syganak, Located along the Syrdarya

In the article, the legends associated with religious and historical events, preserved in written sources and oral traditions of the medieval cities of Sauran and Syganak, are considered and divided into three groups. The main direction of the legends preserved in the memory of the country about religious scientists who came with the spread of religion to the cities of Turkestan, Sauran and Syganak on the Syrdarya, who began to massively convert to Islam during the Karakhanid era, is analyzed. The focus is on historical events, historical legends that originated in the cities of Syganak and Sauran during the reign of the khans of the Golden Horde and the Kazakh Khanate, as well as toponyms associated with some khans. Scientifically considered is the fact that the cities of Turkestan and Syganak were the spiritual capital and religious center of the Kazakh people, and the development of Zhyrau literature based on Sufi literature in the era of the Khanate, the emergence of spiritual values originated from these cities. Also included in the article are some of the legends associated with these cities, which began to decline from the 18th century. Some legends related to these cities, which began to decline since the 18th century, are also included.There are also legends about the plight of the people who migrated from Sauran during the Dzungar invasion.These legends will also be analyzed in the article, and it will be mentioned that the castles along the Syrdarya River were deserted at the beginning of the 19th century.

Phenomenological Approaches In Religious Studies

Phenomenology of religion is a development movement in thought and research where researchers try to understand humans and classify phenomena specifically including religious phenomena. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze in depth related to phenomenological approaches in religious studies.this research is a review literature research using descriptive methods. Data collection is carried out by means of record, listen and record techniques. The research steps carried out include collecting data, reducing data, and analyzing data to describe phenomenological approaches in religious studies. The results of this study show that Phenomenology and then Religious Phenomenology is a new approach in conducting studies of religion, although theologically and methodologically religious phenomenology is still a debate among religious scientists, this approach is able to explore the deeper meaning of a religious phenomenology, in addition to being able to be a middle ground for philosophical and theological approaches in revealing religious phenomena. Approaches in religious studies that separate religion from the sacred, transcendent, hefty forces liberate religion from theology, and religious phenomenology has its context in this regard.

Conflict narrative, stigmatisation and strategic behaviour of religious scientists in the Argentinean scientific field

Recent surveys show that most scientists do not perceive a conflict between science and religion. However, in many Western societies the “conflict narrative” prevails, which states that science grows at the expense of religion, and vice versa. Furthermore, evidence indicates the presence of stigmas against religion in many scientific fields of the West. Why do religious scientists feel discriminated in a field where several of their colleagues are not prejudiced against religion? Based on 22 in-depth interviews and 2 focus groups with Argentinean scientists, we show that the conflict narrative and the stigmatisation of religious scientists are present in the Argentinean scientific field. We argue that the conflict narrative is learned as part of the shared understandings of the field during the socialisation of Argentinian scientists in public institutions, where the secular norm prevails. Religious scientists adapt by strategically hiding their beliefs from their colleagues. This behaviour means that the narrative is not challenged in public, thus generating a feedback loop where the notion that there is a broad consensus about religion in the field reinforces the incentives for the strategic interaction of religious scientists.

Scientists’ and teachers’ attitudes toward relating to religion when teaching evolution

BackgroundThe presumed conflict between religion and evolution is considered one of the main causes for rejection of evolution worldwide. It has been shown that when students′ perceived conflict is not answered, they may not accept evolution. However, there is a debate in the literature whether teachers should relate to students’ religious faith in evolution class, although teachers tend to agree that it should be related. The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes of scientists and teachers, toward relating to religion when teaching evolution.ResultsWhen scientists (n = 124) were asked in an online survey whether teachers should relate to religion when teaching evolution, most scientists said teachers should not relate to religion, in contrary to teachers who were asked the same question and said that teachers should relate to religion. When religious teachers (n = 10) and scientists (n = 10) were asked the same question—all the religious teachers agreed that teachers should relate to religion, emphasizing mainly the importance of connecting to the students’ inner world, preparing students for the future, etc. Most religious scientists also agreed, although they were more hesitant and emphasized the challenges and limitations of relating to religion in a science class. When asked how to relate to the issue, the teachers emphasized the importance of relating to the students’ culture and self-choice. Moreover, they took responsibility and emphasized it is their role to provide a proper response to their students. Most interviewed scientists emphasized that the boundaries between science and religion should be emphasized clearly by the teacher, and some suggested that biology teachers themselves should not discuss the issue, but that an external figure such as a rabbi or the religion/bible teacher should do it.ConclusionsWhen discussing the issue of relating to religion in a science class, the differences between scientists and teachers that were identified here emphasize the need to relate to teachers’ experiences in this academic discussion, as they are aware of their students’ difficulties. In addition, it is important to consider the attitudes of religious scientists and teachers, as they demonstrate the possible co-existence between religion and science in their own life, thus they understand the conflict and may have practical solutions to it. Teachers’ professional development programs in this issue, may help teachers face with the limitations and challenges that the presumed conflict between religion and evolution may create.

المُفَـــسِّـــــرُ شَــمـسُ الــدِينِ ابـنُ اللــبانِ (ت 749هـ) سِيْرَتُهُ وجهوده العلمية

This research tackles one of this nations scholar , was not studied by other researchers . Many of us know nothing about his life , books , arguments in a manner Like other scholars of this nation . Therefore , it is the task of this study , in a response to the favour of Ibn al – Labban on us , to reveal his works . This study deals with him through four sections . section one investigate his biography , including six sub divisions regarding his name date of birth , Life , his father life , death , and finally , this section concludes with the embarrassment which might a reader face in differentiation between Ibn al – labban and the other respectiful scholars , because of the great similarity between them in more than one aspect . Section two concentrates on his teachers , students and his descendants , so that efforts have been made to list names of his teachers , names of his student and his descendants who were stated by their researcher as descendants of Ibn al – labban to give a clear picture about his family , in the mind of the reader . The other section three section three devotes on his works , books concerning the printed ones , the manuscripts , or the missing ones which we have nothing about them just the title or the subject , in addition to his argument in interpretation , and some of poems and laments which are ascribed to him . As regarding to the latter research , it is allocated for names mentioned similar to his name with relation of a quarter , mosque or religious scientist . this is achieved in order to avoid confusion between him and others .

A Century of Dialogue around Durkheim as a Founding Father of the Social Sciences

Abstract In 2012 social scientists, philosophers and religious scientists celebrated the centennial of the publication of one of the most seminal books in the modern study of religion, Les formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse, by the then leading French sociologist Emile Durkheim’s (1858–1917); in 2017, we commemorated that author’s untimely death at age 59, broken by World War I in which he lost his only son and many of his beloved students. Educated, first as a Rabinnical student then as a modern philosopher, Durkheim earned his place among French thinkers primarily as a “founding father” of the social sciences. Having recently (on the basis of a life-long preoccupation) devoted a book-length study to Durkheim’s religion theory, I intend in this essay to highlight major aspects of Durkheim as an exponent of French thought. I shall first briefly situate Durkheim in his time and age, with special emphasis on his political views and his ethnic identity as a secularised Jew. Then I turn to Durkheim’s relation with the discipline in which he was originally trained, philosophy. I shall pay attention to the complex relationship between Durkheim and Kant and further highlight his dualism, epistemology, and views on primitive classification, as well as his puzzling realism, the place of emergence in his thought, and his moralist tendencies. I shall finally articulate Durkheim’s transition to sociology and how he gave over the torch of emerging sociology to his main students, having thus created an adequate context in which to discuss Durkheim’s final masterpiece (Les formes) and the still dominant theory of religion it expounds.

Secularity and Science: What Scientists around the World Really Think about Religion

Secularity and Science: What Scientists around the World Really Think about Religion

Religious diversity in science: Stereotypical and counter-stereotypical social identities

Research shows that scientists tend to be less religious than the general population, and scientists’ religious affiliation and participation have declined over time (Ecklund & Park, 2009; Ecklund et al., 2008). Given the demographic differences between scientists and the general population, it was predicted that scientists who are religious would be regarded as having a counter-stereotypical combination of social identities. However, across five studies, we found that people’s own religious identities played a moderating role in the perception of a religious scientist. Although atheist participants perceived religious scientists as being more counter-stereotypical than atheist scientists, the same was not consistently found for nonreligious (but not atheist) or religious participants. These findings have important implications for debates around the underrepresentation of religious individuals in science. As religious individuals do not perceive these two identities to be incompatible, it may be stereotypes that others have about religious individuals and the culture of science more generally, rather than self-stereotypes, that are hurdles for religious individuals choosing a scientific career. Future research should take these findings into account and explore other potential barriers that lead to the underrepresentation of religious individuals within STEM fields.

Seeking a Wiser Worldview in the Twenty-first Century: Micheal O'Siadhail's The Five Quintets (II)

Seeking a Wiser Worldview in the Twenty-first Century: Micheal O’Siadhail’s The Five Quintets (II)* David F Ford ‘Finding’: exploring and praising the mystery While marvelling at your choreography, Stars and quarks beyond our mastery, We still explore to praise your mystery. (xxii) It may be that the most comprehensive issue for worldviews of the twentyfirst century is the theme of the fourth quintet, ‘Finding’, in Micheal O’Siadhail’s The Five Quintets. The theme is summarised in the fifth stanza of the epigraph: how we understand and respond to the sciences. Whether we look at the cosmos and its stars, or at the sub-atomic level and its quarks, we face conceptions of the nature of reality that radically differ from earlier centuries. ‘Finding’ engages mainly with the natural sciences, but also with some other areas of inquiry that have affected worldviews, such as archaeology, linguistics, and the social sciences. ‘Marvelling’is the overwhelming theme, in a daringly original way. There is not only continual wonder and amazement at the discoveries of the sciences in recent centuries, as one area after another is celebrated and described with detailed understanding – this quintet’s scientific grasp has received weighty endorsements from senior scientists such as Nobel Prize Laureate Steven Weinberg (xxii), Martin Rees,1 and John Wood.2 This wonder is punctuated and embraced by two other repeated forms of wonder, both concentrated into three-line exclamatory interjections that work like a chorus. The pattern is set early on: As the heavens are higher than the earth so too my ways are higher than your ways. Madam Jazz, show the wonders of your laws. (240) Studies • volume 110 • number 438 213 The first two lines are scriptural, a quotation from the biblical book of Isaiah, part of its celebration of the wonder and mystery of God’s creation. The third line invokes Madam Jazz.3 What is happening here? There is a double framing of modern science. On the one hand, science is being connected with Jewish, Christian and Muslim theologies of creation, at whose heart is the mystery of a God who says ‘my ways are higher than your ways’. Moving on through the quintet’s other choral exclamations we find variations on this theme, all in scriptural quotations, most from the Bible, and some from the Qur’an: Who then can number the clouds in wisdom or who can stay the bottles of heaven? The heavens are yours, the earth also yours, the earth and its fullness you founded them. Make me understand your commandments’way and so shall I ponder your wondrous works. See how ships glide the sea by Allah’s grace so they may show you of his wonders. Your majesty above the heavens praised The moon and the stars that you have ordained. Bless and make his face to shine upon us So that you may be known upon the earth. Who stretched the line, who laid its cornerstone, The time the morning stars sung together. And so on for thirty-seven more quotations. One point seems to be that, at the same time as modern science has been making its discoveries, the mystery of a creator God has been continually celebrated – often, of course, by Jewish, Christian, Muslim, and other religious scientists. There is no suggestion that in order to worship this God one needs, for example, to subscribe to the ancient near-eastern worldview of those who wrote the creation accounts Studies • volume 110 • number 438 214 David F Ford in the book of Genesis – worldviews change as understanding of the world changes. Rather, the suggestion is that God is not tied to any particular scientific worldview, and that there is a wisdom in the scriptural traditions of affirming the mystery of God that is as relevant today as it has been through successive changes of worldview in the past. Within the worldview of the fourth quintet, it is possible to affirm the reality of God with three billion or more Jews, Christians or Muslims today, as well as those in other traditions, and also at the same time welcome the achievements of the various sciences. It is worth noting how...

The kiss and the slap: Modern Orthodox ambivalence towards evolution 1980s–2010s

ABSTRACT Research has begun to delve into Jewish responses to evolution as one component of a more general rise in interest in the study of religious engagement with Darwinism. This attention is due to a number of factors including revisions to the history of Christian anti-evolutionism, understanding the need to expand research beyond Christianity, and mounting awareness of anti-evolutionism as a growing global phenomenon The current article focuses on American Modern Orthodoxy (AMO) and describes how the Darwin debates have manifested in this particular community at the end of the twentieth century and into the 21st. AMO has a complicated legacy regarding evolution. Accommodationist perspectives from AMO rabbis dominated the first half of the twentieth century; however, more negative rejectionist positions on the part of some religious scientists came to the fore in the 1960s and 1970s. This mixed-bag of heritage led the1980s and onwards to be a period of ambiguity and ambivalence.

Polemik Agamawan dan Saintis Seputar Covid-19: Menilik Gagasan Integrasi Agama dan Sains Perspektif Mehdi Golshani

This article examines Mehdi Golshani thoughts on the integration of knowledge, which is integration between sacred sciences and secular sciences during the Covid-19 pandemic. The debates that have arisen in the community between religious people and scientists regarding Covid-19 can be resolved if they are put together in a science forum. For this reason, Mehdi Golshani came up with a new idea that was different from the previous Muslim scientific ideas. Mehdi Golshani's solution regarding the debate between religion and science is not deconstruction, reconstruction, or reconciliation. However, to find answers of questions in society about the contributions of religionists and scientists is a method of integration with the Islamic science formula. The conclusion of this article is that science and Islam are an integral part that cannot be separated or even disputed. Science desperately needs divine and religious entities to be filled with a scientific dimension.

MENIMBANG URGENSITAS MAQASID AL-SHARIAH DAN APLIKASINYA DI ERA KONTEMPORER

This paper describe of maqāṣid al-sharīa and its application in the modern world. In the few last years show it that study on maqāṣid al-sharīa is very important and significant to explore the Islamic law and finding the meaning beyond the text. Globally, the social and religious problems in the contemporary era was very sophisticated and complicated. A new problems grow up without can’t be stop it. This situation and condition needs to fast respons from the religious scientist to solved. They need a new paradigm to explore the Islamic law so that can be application it in the present day. On this context, the research want to answer a few questions, firstly, how the define and characteristic of maqāṣid al-sharīa; secondly, how the history of maqāṣid al-sharīa from classic until contemporary era and it’s new paradigm?; thirdly, how to contextualization maqāṣid al-sharīa in Indonesia today and it’s contribution to solve the several social and religious problems in Indonesia? This paper is library research that use deductive and inductive method. Meanwhile, the research use some approachs as such as historical-philosopys and descriptive analylisis. The important thing of this research is to found significantly and reactualization of the meaning and understanding of maqāṣid al-sharīa in the contemporary era.

Домініка – «найдорожча дружина-помічниця» Івана Огієнка

There are many names of wives of writers, poets, scientists and politicians in the world’s history. They were assistants, who inspired their husbands contributed to their success. Dominica Ohiienko (1882-1937) is one of these wives. Thirty years of Ivan Ohiienko’s life she was his faithful friend, mother of his children and inspiration in his job. The paper observes the underestimated and unknown in the research literature re-lationships in the family of the famous ukrainian statesman, religious fi gure, scientist, interpreter and publisher Ivan Ohiienko. His wife Dominica Ohiienko was always on his side, but very modest, stayed in the shadow.The scientistic novelty of the paper is the fi rst attempt to study the creation of the prominent scientist through the prism of family, devoted wife and great mother. The aim of the paper is to research and to study the epistolary developments of Ivan Ohiienko, to elucidate the little-known details of the Dominica Ohiienko’s biography, to investigate her role as rewrites, critic, co-author in Ivan Ohiienko’s con-structive and research process and to investigate the peculiarities of the Ohiienko’s creation. The correspondence, literary works, little-known unexplored details of biog-raphy, which help to defi ne the unknown facts of life and developments of the couple are introduced in the literary usage for the fi rst time.Scientist signifi cance of the paper is the fact, that Dominica Ohiienko had a huge role in the developments and works of her husband Ivan Ohiienko. As soon as Suche understood that the creation of her husband are the great gift for Ukraine and the whole ukrainian nation, Dominica Ohiienko became indispensable helper of Ivan Ohiienko. Her contribution in the creative work of her husband is underestimated. There were written and published over the thirty textbooks, manuals, dictionaries, tables for stud-ying Ukrainian language for each stratum of society during their matrimony. Despite of the huge amount of obligatios as rector and minister, Ivan and Dominica Ohiienko transferred the speech of Taras Shevchenko literary works to the 200 thousands cards with comments and explanations in Kamianets-Podilskyi. Moreover they investigated the ukrainian typography, published the magazine «Ridna Mowa», scientifi c-literary magazine «Nasha Kultura» and many more.

Konsep Pendidikan Menurut Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas dan Relevansinya dengan Sistem Pendidikan Nasional

Education is part of the life of the community and nation to realize the ideals of the nation. So that national education activities need to be managed and organized into a means to realize national goals. This study aims to determine the concept of education according to Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and its relevance to the national education system. In this research, the approach used is a qualitative approach with the type of library research. Sources of data were obtained from books and journals related to research material. The results showed that Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas was a very intelligent and religious scientist. Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas divides knowledge into 2 types, namely the science of fardu 'ain and the science of fardu kifayah. This is also similar to the sharing of knowledge in education in Indonesia, namely religious science, social science and science.

Religiosity and identity interference among graduate students in the sciences

Individuals who hold an identity that is stigmatized in a particular social context will often, if possible, conceal that identity. While such concealment is intended to help the individual fit into that context, research has found that concealment often harms the individual's ability to form an identity and sense of belonging. The study presented here examines this dynamic as it relates to religious individuals in science. Past research suggests that being religious is a stigmatized identity within academic science and that many religious scientists conceal their religious identity to avoid that stigma. Using data generated from a survey of U.S. science graduate students and structural equation modeling, we examine concealment of religious identity among religious students and whether this concealment mediates a negative relationship between student religiosity and identification as a scientist. The analysis finds that religiosity is positively associated with concealment of religious identity, which itself is negatively associated with identification as a scientist. This study contributes to the sociological study of religion and science by shifting the focus away from epistemological conflicts and towards more social and cultural forms of religion-science conflict. These findings also contribute to research on identity conflict, stigma management, and the role of social identities in workplaces.

Stokes: Victorian Britain's most important religious scientist?

Sir George Gabriel Stokes is justly recognized for his substantial contributions to mathematics and physics, particularly optics and hydrodynamics. Yet Stokes also had a particularly noteworthy involvement in the religious life of Victorian Britain, and especially in the relationship between science and religion. As an outspoken evangelical, a prominent religious scientist, a lecturer on natural theology, and a lay writer on widely-debated theological topics such as eternal punishment, Stokes made contributions unsurpassed by any of his contemporaries. However, these have often been overlooked. This article redresses this situation, by explaining Stokes's religious life, his influence on debates over science and religion, his natural theology, and his promotion of the doctrine of conditional immortality. This article is part of the theme issue 'Stokes at 200 (Part 1)'.

Differential Impacts of Religious Cultural Competence on Students' Perceived Conflict with Evolution at an Evangelical University

Evolution remains a controversial issue in the United States, particularly for evangelical Christians, who as a group have been a key player in anti-evolution education legislation. Religious cultural competence can be effective in decreasing undergraduate biology students' perceived conflict between religion and evolution. However, the impact on student populations who are particularly resistant to evolution is unknown. We explored the efficacy of culturally competent evolution education practices adapted for biology students in a genetics course at an evangelical Christian university. This included the presence of an instructor as a religious scientist role model who accepts evolution, and the use of the book The Language of God. We explored how this curriculum affected students' conceptions of religion and evolution using pre- and post-surveys. We found a differential impact of the curriculum: 31% of the students who indicated that there was a conflict between their religious beliefs and evolution changed their conceptions to be more in line with scientific evidence, but the remaining 69% did not. We describe reasons why, including students' perceptions of The Language of God. This research indicates the challenges of implementing culturally competent evolution education for evangelical students, given their strong commitment to biblical literalism and their lower likelihood of being convinced by scientific evidence for evolution.

EDUCATIONAL VALUES IN THE ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND ACTIVITY OF UKRAINIAN STUDENTS OF THE MASTER’S DEPARTMENT OF HUMANITIES

In the article on the basis of axiological, competence, contextual and diagnostic scientific approaches the problem of formation and development of modern educational values in the consciousness and activity of future specialists, in particular - in the master’s degree in humanities specialties is considered. In the course of the theoretical search we have found out that the implementation of an axiological approach in the conditions of dynamic social changes helps to form in the undergraduates of the humanities knowledge personal systems of values that will best meet their individual needs, life goals, interests, interests, interests their experience of socially useful activity and behavior, self-development and self-actualization of socially significant needs, their alignment with the values of the whole society. The results of the diagnostic section in the form of questionnaires of students and teachers conducted to find out the state of formation of axiological thesaurus in undergraduate students of humanities.In order to find out the parameters of the readiness of future masters of the humanities to develop a system of humanistic values, we used factor-criterion evaluation, where the parameter considered the integrity of human and professional values of specialists. This parameter was specified as a set of complex properties (factors) and simple properties (criteria). The weight of properties, factors and criteria was determined by means of the peer review method by interviewing the teachers of the leading academic disciplines. The leading means of factor and criterion assessment were the standard characteristics of the levels of readiness formation - high, sufficient, medium, low, developed using methods of descriptive statistics. Level groups of future masters were identified and a conclusion was proposed with a recommendation on the need to select methods, tools and forms of influence on the educational values of future specialists in the humanities - cultural scientists, philosophers, historians, philologists, religious scientists.

Secularism in science: The role of religious affiliation in assessments of scientists' trustworthiness.

With controversies surrounding numerous science topics, including vaccinations and climate change, science skepticism in the United States is of growing concern. Some skepticism of science may stem from the perceived association between science and atheism, as well as stereotypes of religious individuals as prosocial. Three studies examine how scientists' religious affiliation (or lack thereof) influences perceptions of their warmth and trustworthiness among Christian participants. (Study 1 also includes atheist participants for comparison purposes.) Whereas atheist participants evaluate atheist scientists as more trustworthy than scientists from various religious groups (e.g. Christian, Jewish, and Muslim), Christian participants consistently evaluate atheist scientists as less trustworthy and less warm than religious scientists, and not exclusively Christian scientists. These effects are explained, in part, by Christian participants' perceptions that atheist scientists are less motivated by prosociality compared to religiously affiliated scientists and, as Study 3 demonstrates, have a negative association with trust in scientists in general.