Socio-economic Development Of Region Research Articles

Potential for industrial production development in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in neighbouring regions

Socio-economic development of regions depends on the level of interaction between them on the basis of their industry specialisation. The purpose of the study is to determine the potential for the industrial production development of the regions for further activation of interregional interaction. Types of industrial production of the Republic of Bashkortostan and its neighbouring regions are the object of the study. The paper assesses its development in dynamics and statics by type of activity. Its specialisation is determined, the leading types of economic activity are identified with the use of localisation coefficients and localisation intensity. The development level of industrial production in the Russian Federation and in the regions near the Republic of Bashkortostan have similar trends, however, sharp fluctuations occur in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions. In these subjects, the largest share in manufacturing belongs to metallurgical production. Also many activities that are to be in the zone of increased localisation in terms of the turnover of an organisation and the number of employees are actually in the zone of low effective localisation. Industrial production in the Udmurt Republic and the Republic of Tatarstan is less affected by the fluctuations. In Bashkortostan, the largest share is occupied by extraction of coke and petroleum products. To strengthen technological sovereignty, it is necessary to activate the interaction between regions in industrial production.

ANALYSIS OF LABOR EFFICIENCY USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ECONOMY (EXAMPLE OF NAMANGAN REGION)

In this article, the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of digital technologies in the analysis of socio-economic development of regions are studied. The trends of social development indicators and dynamics of Namangan region were analyzed using GIS technologies.

Sustentable Management of the Dinosaur Valley Park: Proposal for A Plan Aligned with The Sustainable Development Goals (ODS)

Objective: The aim of the research is to propose a Sustainable Management Plan for Vale dos Dinosaurs Park aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Theoretical Framework: The theoretical findings regarding Sustainability and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are described by (SILVA; LIMA, 2020), (Costa, 2023), and (CESAR et al., 2018), focusing on the approach to the definition and characterization of SWOT Analysis by Ulrich (2002) and Sapiro (2003), underpinning the investigative phenomenon. Manager (2009) bolstered the theme of sustainable development through SWOT analysis. Method: The adopted methodology included the analysis of previous studies by Costa and Martins (2023) on the SWOT tool and Sustainability Indicators in the Dinosaurs Park in Sousa, Paraiba. Based on these sources, a strategic plan aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals, focused on environmental conservation, regional socio-economic development, and paleontological preservation of the Dinosaurs Park, was developed. Results and Conclusion: The study emphasizes the relevance of SWOT analysis in sustainable management, identifying key points to boost competitiveness and profitability consciously. It integrates SWOT principles with sustainability indicators, aiming at environmental conservation and socio-economic development. Research Implications: The research identifies opportunities for sustainable management of Vale dos Dinosaurs Park, such as recycling programs, energy conservation, and collaborations with community organizations. It proposes the development of a Sustainable Management Plan aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, emphasizing effective strategies, adoption of new technologies, and partnerships with other parks to promote sustainability. Originality/Value: The integrated and proactive approach to sustainable management of Vale dos Dinosaurs Park, proposing a Sustainable Management Plan aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), demonstrates a holistic and updated vision regarding the environmental and sustainability challenges faced by park management.

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin based on the geographical and temporal weighted regression model.

With economic progression in China, Yellow River Basin serves as a critical economic belt, which has also been recognized as a cradle of Chinese culture. A watershed is a complex structure of social, economic, and natural factors, and the diversity of its components determines its complexity. Studies on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and factors influencing the tourism eco-efficiency at the watershed scale are crucial for the sustainable regional socio-economic development, maintaining a virtuous cycle of various ecosystems, and comprehensively considering the utilization and coordinated development of various elements. Based on tourism eco-efficiency, the coordination degree of regional human-land system and the sustainable development levels can be accurately measured. With the tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin from 2009 to 2019, the present study considers 63 cities in the Yellow River Basin as the research area by adopting the super-efficiency slacks-based measure (Super-SBM) model. Methods such as trend surface analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, elliptic standard deviation analysis, and hot spot analysis were used to explore their spatiotemporal distribution and evolution characteristics. The geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR) model was used to determine the factors influencing the tourism eco-efficiency value. The findings are as follows: ①The level of tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is not high, exhibiting a fluctuating upward trend. ②The tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin shows significant spatial interdependence and agglomeration. Furthermore, the track of the center of gravity moves from northeast to southwest. ③ The tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is affected by various factors, with the economic development level having the greatest influence.

Social investments: Performance assessment tools

Subject. This article analyzes the impact of social factors on the sustainable development of the region. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the relationship between social factors and economic indicators. Methods. For the study, we used the resource-based approach. Results. The article presents a regression economic and mathematical model based on the net present value as an efficiency criterion. The model helps determine the payback period of budget investments. Conclusions. The developed methodology can be used to design regional socio-economic development programmes, as well as to assess the feasibility of investment support for certain sectors of the economy.

Evaluating sustainability of Bhuj aquifer system, Western India using nuclear dating techniques

Abstract Increasing population, food demands and climatic stressors pose an imminent threat to groundwater sustainability in regional aquifer systems globally. Limited availability of surface water and erratic/uncertain rainfall necessitates preservation of groundwater resources, which form reliable fresh water reserves in most of the arid regions. Bhuj Sandstone aquifer is one such fresh groundwater systems in Western India catering the domestic/irrigational needs for over 2 million population. Rapid groundwater depletion in this area warranted a mandatory conservation of groundwater resources for future sustainability. Nuclear techniques using 3H and 14C provide estimates of groundwater age that help in planning sustainable groundwater management. In this study, sustainability of deep groundwater was assessed using environmental radioactive isotopes (3H, 14C). Results indicate that 14C activity of the groundwater samples varies from 26 to 73.6 pMC (percent modern carbon). Considering the various biases and uncertainties present, multiple correction models were applied to obtain representative groundwater ages by incorporating stable (13C) isotope and hydrogeochemical data. The corrected and representative ages are found to range from 5.8 to 8.6 ka BP (thousand years before present). From the study it can be inferred that central Bhuj aquifer hosts paleo-groundwater while the western part is recently recharged. Therefore, over-exploitation of deep groundwater in central Bhuj aquifer may further lower the water levels and this would have long-term impact on the socio-economic development of Kutch region.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМ НАУЧНО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ГОРОДОВ И РЕГИОНОВ В ИПРЭ РАН: ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ

The article examines the research of the issues of scientific and technological development of cities and regions, conducted since the establishment of the Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR to the present time in the framework of the scientific direction «Socio-economic problems of transformation of scientific and innovative activities in the region». The author presents the role of the Institute in the development of important state documents of a scientific and technical nature, such as: Comprehensive program of scientific and technological progress of Leningrad and the Leningrad region, Targeted comprehensive territorial and sectoral program for the development of the national economy of Leningrad and the Leningrad region based on automation with extensive use of computer technology for 1984–1985 and up to 1990 («Intensification-90»). The subject of research in the post-Soviet period aimed at increasing the role of science and innovation in regional socio-economic development is revealed. The article describes the role of the Institute in the development of programs of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Department of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the St. Petersburg Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences aimed at studying the modernization potential of the North-West macro-region. The tasks for further research in the changed conditions of the functioning of the economy of the country and its regions are determined.

Sustainable entrepreneurial culture in promoting innovation: a higher education perspective

<span lang="EN-US">This research aimed to build a quadruple-helix partnership model between universities, government, industry, and community from the higher education (HE) perspective in creating various innovations to support sustainable regional socio-economic development. This study used exploratory quantitative research to develop, predict the model, and explain the empirical evidence. In addition to the model, this study found that institutional sustainable entrepreneurial culture (SEC) could be developed by transforming the university into an entrepreneurial university (EU) and applying sustainable development goals (SDGs) principles to teaching-researching-community service activities, management and governance, and institutional leadership. This study also confirmed that universities with an SEC cannot directly affect the emergence of various innovations sourced from knowledge and research results but must be mediated by internal consensus within academia and external consensus among partnership actors. The research contributions are aimed at: i) HE policymakers who will transform their institutions into EU as a first step in carrying out the university’s third mission; ii) HE will build quadruple helix partnerships; and iii) Micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) which will take advantage of the innovations offered in the quadruple-helix. In addition, this research deepens the Etzkowitz partnership path model in which HE, a source of knowledge for innovation, becomes more focused in the form of SDGs-based EU.</span>

SOCIAL SECURITY OF THE CITY: CONTENT, IMPACT FACTORS AND EVALUATION INDICATORS

The article focuses on the importance of developing the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of the city's social security management. It was emphasized that cities play a significant role in the growth of the national economy and the socio-economic development of regions, being centers of productive forces cultivation, engines of innovative changes in the economy and the life of the population, centers of education, culture and art. At the same time, they can accumulate problems related to ensuring the social and economic security of their residents. This article reveals the content of national security according to Ukrainian legislation, the essence of the state's economic security and social security as its integral part. The approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «social security of the region» have been analyzed. A conclusion was made about the insignificant number of definitions of the category «social security of the city» in the scientific literature. The content of the term «social security of the city» is proposed to be understood as the state of development of the city's economy and social sphere, achieved by building effective management subsystems (economic, social, environmental), that ensure the social interests and social needs of the city's residents, their quality of life at the level of the relevant state social standards. The set of factors affecting the level of social security of the city is divided into four groups in the article: economic, financial, social and environmental. It is recommended to form a set of social security indicators for defined groups. Examples of indicators for assessing the level of social security are given. It is proposed to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the level of social security of the city by calculating an integral indicator. To do this, using the method of expert evaluation, it is necessary to establish weighting coefficients for the selected indicators and determine reference or limit values for each indicator and, on their basis (using the selected methodology), calculate the integral indicator of social security of the city.

Cultural aspects of model formation of socio-economic development in eu regions: a comparative analysis

The article reveals the actual problem of cultural influence on the socio-economic development of the regions in the European Union. The research goal is to compare socio-cultural differences, which are significant factors for determining the vectors of socio-economic development of European countries. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the cultural components of regional models of socioeconomic development on the example of some countries of the European Union. The research materials were official statistics and expert assessments obtained as a result of a survey of specialists from various academic research structures on the social network Twitter. The total number of respondents from 9 European universities was 900 people. The research methodology is based on a sociocultural approach, includes the methods of the general scientific group and of special methods: historiographic analysis of scientific literature on the research topic, the method of comparative analysis, the method of sociological survey, statistical analysis, quantitative and qualitative research methods. Based on the empirical study, the following results were obtained: as the main cultural components that determine the specifics of the socio-economic development of the EU regions, the experts identified the historical context, national mentality, as well as value attitudes of behavior.

Trends and peculiarities of local budgets functioning in the conditions of war

The paper summarizes the theoretical and applied principles of functioning of local budgets as a component of public finance, an instrument for ensuring financial self-sufficiency, regulating socio-economic development and stimulating investment activity of regions and territorial communities, and identifies their features (territorial affiliation, dependence of the volume of local budget funds on the economic potential of the territory, social orientation, dependence on interbudgetary transfers, imperative and regulatory certainty of budgetary. The paper examines the impact of fiscal decentralization on the functioning of local budgets and the ability of local governments and executive authorities at different levels of administrative and territorial structure to exercise delegated and own powers. Based on the use of methodological tools of the dialectical approach to cognition of the essence of local budgets, a comprehensive scientific approach to this definition is formulated in terms of essence, content, form and as a phenomenon. The social purpose of local budgets is clarified, the realities are analyzed and the peculiarities of their functioning in wartime are revealed. The expediency of changes in the budget process is argued, changes in budget and tax legislation are characterized. Based on the analysis of the dynamics, composition of revenues and expenditures of local budgets, the main problems of formation and use of budgetary resources of local governments are identified. It is argued that one of the most important problems in the organization of budgetary relations at the local level is the discrepancy between local budget revenues and the need of local governments and local executive authorities for financial resources to ensure the provision of quality and affordable public services to the population.

Comparative Analysis of Regional Socioeconomic Heterogeneous Indicators in the Subjects of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Their Integral Assessment

The Arctic Zone of Russian Federation (AZRF) is a unique geography with diverse socioeconomic factors playing significant roles in its stability and progress. In order to accurately assess and evaluate the overall socioeconomic progress of AZRF, the heterogeneous factors should be considered in an integrated manner, which will give a holistic view of the socioeconomic stability and development of the region. The available literature on socioeconomic development of Russian Arctic region however suffers from lack of integrated analysis of heterogeneous indicators. In this article, the authors have selected five heterogeneous indicators which best describe the socioeconomic condition of a given region, which in this case is AZRF and performed integral analysis for the time period 2014–2019. The indicators refer to socioeconomic aspects such as gross regional product and amount of investments received by the region, which in turn leads to changes in employment opportunities and income level of the population along with social benefits available to them. The mathematical instrument used for the analysis is the theory of fuzzy logic in the framework of determination of the subdirect image of a fuzzy set. This method is scalable and can be extended to any number of indicators of diverse nature since the final score will be in the range of [0, 1] making comparison of regions and ranking possible. Using this method, the subjects were ranked at individual indicator level and at holistic level as a result of which the advantages and disadvantages of each subject and the AZRF as a whole were determined. At holistic level, the subjects were ranked as Krasnayarsky Krai, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Republic of Komi, Murmansk Oblast, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Karelia Republic, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug based on the integral scores obtained. JEL Code: R11

Strategic planning in Russian regions: Spatial development issues

Strategies for the socio-economic development of Russian regions must necessarily include sections devoted to spatial aspects, which in some cases, however, fail to reach their goals due to crude methodological recommendations aimed at effective problem-solving within the regional strategy. The paper discusses the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of sections on spatial development included in the socio-economic development strategies of the RF subjects (using the case of the Ural Federal District (UrFO)). The study rests on the theories of strategic management, as well as regional and municipal management. The research data are obtained from regulatory documents and strategies for the socio-economic development of the UrFO subjects. Qualitative analysis methods were used. We reveal the structural specificity, goals, indicators and measures covered in the sections on spatial development. Despite the existence of the methodological recommendations, each RF subject tends to establish the structure of the ‘spatial’ section based on regional priorities and characteristics. The article reports on the most successful practices of spatial planning in terms of agglomerations and clusters, placement of industrial and social facilities, infrastructure, including the functional zoning of territory, identification of the promising areas of the region’s existing and emerging economic centers’ specialization, etc. Based on the research findings, we recommend to more actively use zoning by the level of socio-economic development, pinpoint promising growth points relating them to the current strategic projects, and develop target indicators more accurately considering the dynamics of population settlement, location of production and infrastructure development.

Multimorbidity patterns and disability and healthcare use in Europe: do the associations change with the regional socioeconomic status?

Multimorbidity, the concurrence of several chronic conditions, is a rising concern that increases the years lived with disability and poses a burden on healthcare systems. Little is known on how it interacts with socioeconomic deprivation, previously associated with poor health-related outcomes. We aimed to characterize the association between multimorbidity and these outcomes and how this relationship may change with socioeconomic development of regions. 55,915 individuals interviewed in 2017 were drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, a population-based study. A Latent Class Analysis was conducted to fit multimorbidity patterns based on 16 self-reported conditions. Physical limitation, quality-of-life and healthcare utilization outcomes were regressed on those patterns adjusting for additional covariates. Those analyses were then extended to assess whether such associations varied with the region socioeconomic status. We identified six different patterns, labelled according to their more predominant chronic conditions. After the “healthy” class, the “metabolic” and the “osteoarticular” classes had the best outcomes involving limitations and the lowest healthcare utilization. The “neuro-affective-ulcer” and the “several conditions” classes yielded the highest probabilities of physical limitation, whereas the “cardiovascular” group had the highest probability of hospitalization. The association of multimorbidity over physical limitations appeared to be stronger when living in a deprived region, especially for metabolic and osteoarticular conditions, whereas no major effect differences were found for healthcare use. Multimorbidity groups do differentiate in terms of limitation and healthcare utilization. Such differences are exacerbated with socioeconomic inequities between regions even within Europe.

Assessment of opportunities for socio-economic sustainable development of small towns in Jambyl oblast

Achieving sustainable development of small towns as a special system is directly related, first of all, to maintaining socio-economic stability and creating a favourable environment for human life. Indeed, as a basis for the sustainability of small towns, the development of services, effective utilisation of local characteristics and diversification of socio-economic spheres are very important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the possibilities of socio-economic sustainable development of small towns in Zhambyl region. The study consisted of two stages: at the first stage a systematic analysis of statistical indicators of socio-economic development of Zhambyl region was conducted, the dynamics of sustainable development was assessed, at the second stage a survey was conducted and the information necessary for analysis was collected. The survey was conducted in the cities of Zhanatas, Karatau and Shu, which have the status of small towns in Zhambyl region. As a result of the survey, positive dynamics was noted for all indicators of socio-economic development of Zhambyl region. The volume of production in the region's manufacturing industry totalled 521.7 billion tenge, with a physical volume index of 111.1% compared to 2022. At the same time, the production of food products increased by 17.8%, chemical industry - by 5.5%, oil products - by 19.6%, finished metal products - by 31.9%, machine building - by 7.7%. However, according to the results of a survey conducted in the small towns of Zhanatas, Karatau and Shu, it became known that 31 per cent of respondents earn within 100-200 thousand tenge and 28 per cent within 60-100 thousand tenge. In addition, 66% of residents of small towns ask to increase the number of new jobs. Thus, the study revealed the need to modernise the socio-economic plan for sustainable development of small towns in Zhambyl region, the need to diversify the economy and improve the effective use of the environment.

Emergency surgical care in the Volgograd region between 2017 and 2021

To analyze the indicators of emergency surgical care in the Volgograd region between 2017 and 2021. We summarized and analyzed primary statistical data presented in annual analytical collections of the chief surgeon of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia «Surgical care In Russian Federation» (Revishvili A.Sh. et al.) and the Rosstat collections «Regions of Russia. Socio-economic indicators». According to analytic system outworked in the Vishnevsky National Research Medical Center of Surgery, surgical service in the Volgograd region dropped from the 64th to the 82nd place among other entities between 2017 and 2021. Insufficient innovative development of surgical service is evidenced by small number of surgeons, common part-time work, no dynamics in introduction of laparoscopic surgeries and high in-hospital mortality in some acute abdominal disease. Work of regional surgical service was compared with socio-economic development of region and monitoring indicators in the «Health» national project. Improving the efficacy of surgical service in the Volgograd region requires joint efforts of the entire regional healthcare system.

АДАПТАЦІЯ ЗАРУБІЖНОГО ДОСВІДУ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ФІНАНСОВИХ ТА ТРУДОВИХ РЕСУРСІВ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД

This scientific research explores the experience of territorial governance organization in European countries and its impact on socio-economic development. Starting with an analysis of the role of a specific form of public authority of territorial communities, the study highlights the necessity of their autonomy in addressing local issues and managing respective territorial units. Special attention is given to the problems of resource provision for regional and local development, particularly the creation of favorable conditions for entrepreneurship and innovative technologies. Further investigation focuses on analyzing various models of local self-government, considering their financial stability and degree of autonomy in governance. This allows for a deeper understanding of the influence of territorial governance on socio-economic development and identifying the most effective approaches to decentralization in European countries. Significant attention is also paid to the analysis of community labor potential and its impact on the labor market development and socio-economic strategies. Assessing this potential is a key element in planning community development and ensuring the stability of their socio-economic status. Detailed study of this aspect helps determine optimal ways for authorities to influence labor market formation and promote its efficient functioning. The text also emphasizes the importance of assessing the labor potential of communities for planning labor market development and socio-economic strategies. The necessity of labor market monitoring and predictive analysis to ensure sustainable community development is highlighted. Overall, the text reflects the importance of proper territorial governance and its impact on the socio-economic development of communities and regions, as well as indicates ways to improve this process. Overall, this research reflects the importance of proper territorial governance organization as a key factor in achieving sustainable and equitable socio-economic development in regions and communities. Therefore, its findings can serve as a basis for developing decentralization strategies and local self-government policies in different countries worldwide.

Provision of land plots within the state programs “Far Eastern” and “Arctic” hectares

The article notes that ineffective use of land resources affects the demographic situation and socio-economic development of regions, and therefore the development of sparsely populated territories is one of the key directions of modern state and legal policy implemented in our country. The paper also contains the features and conditions for the provision of land plots within the framework of the state programs “Far Eastern” and “Arctic” hectares. The examples of successful development of territories are considered in this work as well as the shortcomings of existing government programs.

МНОГОФАКТОРНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОЦЕНКИ ЭКОЛОГИЧНОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕГИОНА

One of the most important problems in the socio-economic development of regions is ensuring the proper quality of growth. As a rule, economic growth implies an increase in the intensity of resource consumption, which contributes to increased anthropogenic impact on the environment, deterioration of living conditions, threats to public health and a decrease in social security. Using the example of subjects of the Volga Federal District, the article examines the impact of economic growth on environmental factors, assessing, among other things, the relationship between the state of the environment and the incidence of disease in the population. Various approaches are used for cross-regional comparisons of environmental conditions. The index of environmental well-being, built on the basis of a three-factor model, is considered as the main characteristic. On the basis of this index, an index of environmental efficiency of the regional economy is formed, which is defined as the level of environmental well-being for a single output of the regional economy. The multifactor model showed that if environmental efficiency is maintained in a growing economy, then the level of environmental well-being will decline at a faster rate than the rate of economic growth. To maintain environmental well-being in conditions of economic growth, it is necessary that the average increase in environmental well-being for each factor is not lower than the rate of economic growth. For single-factor models, the relative increase in environmental efficiency actually corresponds to the decoupling index, but for multi-factor models this relationship weakens with economic growth, especially as the model dimension increases. In general, as the ecological efficiency of the economy increases, a positive decoupling effect is observed. A study of the Volga Federal District regions showed that the greatest environmental efficiency in recent years has been observed in the Republic of Mordovia and the Perm Territory. And in the Chuvash Republic and the Saratov region, environmental efficiency remains significantly below the base period of 2010-2014.

Мигранты из стран Центральной Азии на рынке труда Свердловской области в зеркале социологического исследования

International migration significantly affects demographic and socio-economic development of regions. The study aims to assess the situation and characteristics of adaptation of Central Asian migrants in the regional labour market and identify general trends. The sociological study was conducted in March–May 2023 in Sverdlovsk oblast using a questionnaire survey and intelligence interviews. Selected questionnaires of migrants from countries seen as the main suppliers of labour power to the regional labour market — Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan — were analysed. The obtained results confirmed some conclusions of previous relevant studies and revealed new trends. The labour market of Sverdlovsk oblast is characterised by a high proportion of immigrants from Tajikistan, a growing share of people employed in the industrial sector and the tendency of immigrants from Kyrgyzstan to organise their own business. The research described the factors that help migrants adapt to the regional labour market: specific legal regulation (in Kyrgyzstan), knowledge of the Russian language, family ties, education, formal employment, length of stay in Russia, naturalisation. To improve the migration policy, it is recommended to control and stimulate formal employment of foreign workers by establishing a unified database and constantly monitoring information about labour migrants and their family members. Results of this study may be useful for specialists in the field of labour migration. Considering the development of new migration policy tools, it is necessary to pay attention to this prospective area of research, particularly, to the issues of labour patents and organised recruitment.