Regional Programs Research Articles

STRENGTHENING THE ROLE OF COUNCILS OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS AT REGIONAL STATE ADMINISTRATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS AND UNIVERSITIES

Topicality. Given the challenges of wartime and the post-war innovative recovery of Ukraine's economy, the use of the academic potential of young scientists, including members of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations, will contribute to the development of higher education and science in the regions of Ukraine. Young scientists are characterized by adaptability to the challenges of today, they easily master new information, technologies, have innovative ideas, etc. Having a significant academic potential in the field of higher education and science, young scientists who are members of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations can use it more effectively for the economic and social development of the country, act as opinion leaders and stimulate young scientists in the region.Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to develop approaches to strengthening the role of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations (on the example of Odesa region) in the development of innovative activities of scientific institutions and higher education institutions. The study solved the following scientific tasks:- to analyze the academic potential of the members of the Council of Young Scientists at the Odesa Regional State Administration;- to provide proposals for strengthening the role of the Council of Young Scientists at the Odesa Regional State Administration in the development of innovation in scientific institutions and higher education institutions of Odesa region.Materials and Methods. The materials presented in the study are based on the analysis of the legislative framework of Ukraine, regional development programs, and the analysis of the survey. The study used theoretical methods of institutional analysis of scientific activity, statistical methods of researching the scientific potential of members of the Council of Young Scientists at the Odesa Regional State Administration, methods of sociological research, cognitive analysis of scientific abstractions and generalizations.Research results. The results of the study showed that members of the Council of Young Scientists at the Odesa Regional State Administration have significant academic potential, which they successfully realize. However, there are a number of constraining factors: investing their own money; limited access to modern scientific and technical infrastructure to realize their innovative potential; emotional burnout during wartime; overloaded with tasks that are not part of their job description, etc.Only 33 % of the members of the Council of Young Scientists at the Odesa Regional State Administration have any connection or cooperation with business, but 82% are ready for such cooperation.Today, the Council of Young Scientists at the Odesa Regional State Administration functions in accordance with the legal framework, but there are a number of aspects that need to be improved:- Funding and resources - young scientists need more support in the form of grants, scholarships, and access to modern research infrastructure;- Publications and scientific exchange - development of scientific networking, promotion and encouragement of publication activity in national and international journals important for raising the scientific ranking of young scientists;- scientific management - improving the system of scientific management and support for innovative projects;- cooperation with business - establishing cooperation with business and orienting scientific research towards the needs and goals of the Odesa Region Development Strategy for 2021-2027.The results of the survey showed that 75% of the members of the RMC at the RSA are ready to join a group of other scientists to write projects and cooperate with business and have innovative ideas and suggestions.Conclusion. This study solves the scientific task of improving the approach to the formation of administrative, functional and informational relations of the institutional ecosystem of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations (on the example of Odesa region).The paper proposes proposals to strengthen the role of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations in the development of innovative activities regarding: strengthening administrative, functional and information interaction in the institutional ecosystem of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations; attracting additional sources of funding for young scientists; developing proposals for the Action Plan for 2024-2027 for the implementation of the Development Strategy of Odesa Region 2021-2027; proposing to provide an opportunity to hear annual proposals of members of the Councils of Young Scientists at regional state administrations.

Assessment of opportunities for the development of organic agriculture in municipal areas

Purpose: of the research is to develop a methodology for assessing the development opportunities of organic agriculture in municipal areas based on their clustering.Methods: within the framework of the study, methods of comparing averages, grouping, clustering based on Kohonen's self-organizing neural network were used. The study was conducted on the materials of the Penza region, the complex of analyzed indicators was formed on the basis of official statistical data on municipal districts of the region. The applied approach assumes the possibility of carrying out similar calculations based on the materials from other subjects of the Russian Federation.Results: the study proposes a system of indicators characterizing the development potential of the production of certain types of organic agricultural products on the territory of municipal districts. Clustering of districts was carried out, as a result, 6 clusters were identified, characterized by various combinations of the values of the analyzed factors. The characteristics of each cluster in terms of opportunities for the development of organic agriculture are given. The areas of activity with the best potential are indicated, as well as the main unfavorable factors. 2 clusters have been identified that can be considered as pilot ones for the implementation of the regional program for the development of organic agriculture.Conclusions and Relevance: at the initial stage of the development of the organic production sector, it is important to identify growth points, types of agricultural activities in certain areas that may be the most promising within the framework of the introduction of the principles of organic farming. Given the diversity and high variability of the values of indicators that determine the potential for the development of organic agriculture in individual territories, clustering can be an effective method that allows differentiating and increasing the targeting of state support measures for the relevant producers. The application of efforts for the development of organic agriculture, taking into account the peculiarities of the formed clusters, will be more effective.

State environmental policy in modern conditions: status and directions of improvement

Problem setting. Given the invasion of Ukraine by the aggressor country, the implementation of the state environmental policy is of particular importance today, and its effective implementation requires the use of effective tools, improvement of current legislation and strategic planning, taking into account the need to intensify European integration and adopt EU best practices in this area. Therefore, the urgent issue now is to identify ways to increase the efficiency of state policy in the environmental sphere, to formulate and optimize the regulatory and legal support for the implementation of state environmental policy. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issues of implementation of the state environmental policy and the problems of improving the system of public administration of environmental safety have been considered by many scientists. For example, I. I. Samoilova [1] in her scientific works investigated the potential of the public administration system in Ukraine and the issue of its use to ensure environmental safety. Р. S. Kirin and S. V. Hryshchak conducted a comprehensive study of topical issues of ensuring and implementing environmental rights in the strategies of the State environmental policy and security of Ukraine during the wartime period and substantiated that the challenges of the wartime period determine the formation of an appropriate set of legal instruments with the help of which a platform should be built for direct or indirect measures to prevent, protect and restore the environmental rights of citizens violated by armed aggression, including an international mechanism for the restoration of environmental rights. Despite the sufficient number of scientific papers, the chosen research topic requires additional developments due to the need for scientific research on ways to improve the efficiency of state environmental safety and ensure environmentally balanced development of the state. Purpose of research is to study the topical issues of implementation of the State environmental policy in modern conditions and to identify possible areas for its improvement. Article’s main body. In the context of martial law, theoretical and practical issues of effective implementation of the state environmental policy, taking into account the existing processes of deepening the environmental crisis, are gaining particular relevance and new features. Modern processes of greening the world economy based on the concepts of sustainable development, rational use of natural resources and green economy require an effective environmental policy of the world community, with a long-term vision of state changes in accordance with the principles of balanced development laid down in strategic legislative and regulatory documents, but each developed strategy aimed at environmental protection and rational use of natural resources requires a clear mechanism for the implementation of the relevant legislation. That is, the development of relevant strategies requires the implementation of a well-established clear mechanism and consistency with the norms of the current legislation in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. The provisions of important strategic documents were analyzed, such as: The Basic Principles (Strategy) of the State Environmental Policy of Ukraine until 2030, the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030, and the Strategy for Environmental Security and Climate Change Adaptation until 2030. Some issues of implementation of regional programs on environmental protection, rational use of natural resources and environmental safety are considered. Conclusions and prospects for the development. As a result of the study, it is reasonable to conclude that there are systemic problems in the implementation of the state environmental policy, in particular, the implementation of national and regional strategic priority areas, which require updating the relevant mechanisms for implementing environmental policy, including institutional ones. In addition to the above, it is now necessary to harmonize current legislation with strategic planning documents. That is, the current legislation in the field of environmental security should be correlated with the relevant strategic directions and state programs, which is extremely important in the context of the need to restore the national economy and all components of the country's national security on the way to EU membership.

Adaptation Centers for Migrants in the Context of Russian Migration Policy

Migration has become an integral part of sociocultural and economic dynamics, but the successful adaptation of migrants remains a priority to ensure the stability and development of society. As international migration continues to increase, greater understanding is needed of how migrant adaptation measures affect a country’s demographic indicators and prospects. In this connection, the need to create migration adaptation centers and to identify their role in the demographic development of the state is becoming urgent. This aspect of the study represents scientific novelty and complements knowledge about migration and demographic changes. The purpose of this research is to study the attitude of state and municipal employees to the problems of regulating migration processes and the creation of migration adaptation centers, identifying the main trends that require systemic changes and new approaches to migration. The concept of “demographic integration” is substantiated, reflecting the relationship and influence of successful adaptation of migrants on the demographic development of society, covering such aspects as changes in population structure, fertility, labor force and other demographic parameters that may be directly or indirectly related to the process of adaptation of migrants. Initial data: a pilot sociological study conducted among state and municipal employees who were trained under a professional development program in different regions of Russia. Data collection was carried out using the method of expert survey. The results of the study showed a multidirectional approach of state and municipal employees to key aspects of migration processes. The majority of respondents expressed support for the creation of migration adaptation centers, which indicates the need to provide migrants with knowledge and skills that would contribute to their more successful adaptation to Russian society. This factor emphasizes the importance of carefully developing adaptation educational programs and services of migration centers. Scientific contribution: the concept of “demographic integration” is introduced, in the context of which the role of migration adaptation centers in the demographic development of Russia is assessed and the need to take into account the social and demographic aspects of migration processes is emphasized. Scope of application: the results of the study can be used to develop and improve policies in the field of migration and adaptation of migrants, as well as to study the dynamics of demographic processes in Russia.

Перспективы технологического развития нефтесервиса для освоения нефтегазовых месторождений арктического Севера

The article discusses the key challenges associated with the economic development of the oilfield service industry within the climatic, geological, and infrastructural conditions of the Arctic. The evaluation of the Arctic's contribution to the total hydrocarbon production in Russia is an important research problem, which is particularly relevant amidst the current international political tensions. The study aims to unveil aspects of research and development (R&D) prospects of oilfield services in Russia's Arctic regions and adjacent territories. The research identifies characteristic features of economic development associated with economic activity risks. These include infrastructure and technological constraints linked to the distance from federal R&D and industrial centers; insufficient financial resources and experience for large project implementation by local authorities; the intricacy and labor intensity of work, coupled with a shortage of specialists possessing the necessary skills. The study establishes that the complexity of developing Arctic oil and gas fields is mitigated by the application of innovations and highlights the vulnerability of domestic companies to import supplies, which are currently inaccessible due to Western sanctions. The results presented offer a comprehensive view of the promising facets of the innovation-driven and technological development of the oilfield services industry in the Arctic. They propose specific measures geared towards enhancing production efficiency in the oil and gas and oilfield services sectors for implementation by the government. The study's conclusions constitute its scientific novelty and affirm that the sector under consideration is characterized by the following aspects: 1) the demanding nature of work necessitating substantial financial assets and professional competencies of often scarce labor market participants, alongside the utilization of innovative technologies to curtail production costs; and 2) a constrained pool of oil and gas market participants diminishing competition in the oilfield services market and enabling vertically integrated oil companies to dictate prices to service organizations, thus limiting opportunities for the industry's innovation-driven and technological development. The study's conclusions hold significant practical potential and are recommended for incorporation into territorial, regional, and federal programs for the social and economic development of Arctic regions. These findings contribute to the innovation-driven and technological revitalization of the oilfield services industry, an integral element in developing the resource base of Northern territories. Additionally, they provide avenues for further scientific exploration, delving into logistic, financial, technological, corporate, and other economic aspects specific to participants in forthcoming development processes.

Оценка водопользования северных регионов России по критериям устойчивого развития

Progress toward achieving SDG 6 ("Clean Water and Sanitation") is monitored by means of thirteen global indicators. However, insufficient data from countries, including Russia, underscore the need to assess regional water supply as well as its effective and sustainable use. This study aims to comparatively assess water use in northern regions based on UN-defined sustainable development criteria, utilizing information from Rosstat, The National Information Agency "Natural Resources", and the FAO's Global Information System for the period from 2007 to 2020. The study is based on statistical and comparative analyses, the Decoupling Diamond model, and sustainability window (SuWi) analysis. Its findings indicate high water availability across all regions, aligning with the "low water stress" category under SDG 6.4.2 (threshold ≤25%). The Falkenmark water index shows that water availability doesn't hinder economic growth in northern regions. Regional variations in water use across industries are discussed, which impact productivity (SDG indicator 6.4.1) and water intake intensity (water capacity of GRP). Water use productivity highlights the efficiency of recycled water, reducing intake and increasing productivity. Regions with low intake intensity (below 1.4 m3/thousand rubles, which is the target according to the Water Strategy) and high water capacity of the gross product were identified. Using the Decoupling Diamond model, the study assessed economic growth as a function of water use. The sustainability window method revealed environmental constraints on economic growth related to water use in northern regions. These results offer insights into water use in Arctic regions in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals and Water Strategy implementation. They are essential considerations for regional development programs.

GROUNDWATER OF VOLYN REGION: CONDITIONS OF LOCATION, FEATURES OF USE, WAYS OF PRESERVATION AND IMPROVEMENT

Water is a vital resource that sustains life on our planet. However, its distribution is uneven, leading to water scarcity in some areas and excess in others. Human activities further exacerbate the reduction of usable water volume. It is predicted that water scarcity may become a significant factor in conflicts of the 21st century. Groundwater serves as a primary source of water and is classified as an exhaustible renewable natural resource. However, the replenishment of groundwater occurs at a slow rate. Given the global water scarcity issue, there is a pressing need for comprehensive research on groundwater, particularly at local and regional levels. Therefore, this article focuses on investigating the underground water resources in the Volyn region, including their occurrence, and analyzing their utilization by the local population and regional economy. The article provides a detailed description of aquifers of various geological ages in the Volyn region, including their occurrence patterns and distribution boundaries. The study examines the specific locations of each aquifer in relation to the geological structure of the area, following a geochronological sequence. Additionally, the article investigates mineralized underground waters, noting that the most prevalent types are chloride-sodium, sulfate, sodium, and hydrogen carbonate-chloride calcium waters. The study focused on the period from 2015 to 2020 to assess the current status of groundwater and identify trends in water resource utilization. The research revealed a consistent increase in the proportion of underground water in overall water usage. Surprisingly, however, the actual volume of water extracted from underground sources has been decreasing. The study examined the dynamics of water usage by various industries. It was determined that the housing and communal sector was the largest consumer of water during the study period, mainly due to the region's limited economic development and correspondingly low water demands from other sectors. Analysis showed that, on average, 25.8% and 21.3% of the total water withdrawals were utilized for industrial and agricultural purposes, respectively. Irrigation and fisheries represented the smallest water-consuming activities, accounting for 9.5% and 6.5%, respectively. Notably, a significant portion of water intake, approximately 13%, was attributed to transportation purposes. To ensure the rational utilization, preservation, and enhancement of groundwater quality, several measures have been recommended. These measures include the implementation of water-saving and waterfree technologies in industrial processes, adopting reversible water usage practices, and upgrading water supply systems to improve efficiency. To safeguard and improve the quality of underground water, it is essential to upgrade treatment facilities in communal enterprises, implement rainwater and sewage treatment systems, promote the responsible use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture, among other practices. These actions aim to optimize water usage, mitigate pollution, and enhance the overall management of groundwater resources. The article represents a significant contribution as it provides a comprehensive description of the characteristics of underground aquifers in relation to the geological structure of the Volyn region. It establishes the distribution boundaries of underground waters of different geological ages within the region, offering valuable insights. The creation of a modern geochronological scale during the research adds further value to the study. The article also sheds light on the utilization of water resources by various economic sectors during the specified period (2015–2020), highlighting important trends. The proposed measures for preserving water resources and improving their quality demonstrate a practical approach. The research findings can serve as a valuable resource for the Department of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Volyn Regional State Administration in their efforts to develop regional environmental programs.

Організаційно-правові засади підтримки розвитку органічного виробництва в Україні на державному і місцевому рівнях

This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the most relevant areas of development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine – organic agricultural production. The mechanism of support and encouragement of the domestic producer has been studied. An important aspect is the legislative regulation of organic farming, its problems and prospects based on the experience of other states, as well as the possibility of implementation at the state level. The impetus for changing the vector of the state producer in favor of organic production was the Agreement on Association between Ukraine and the European Union dated June 27, 2014 No. 984_011, which provides for cooperation between the Parties in various areas, including the field of agriculture and the development of rural areas. It is indisputable that the lack of proper state support and the lack of sufficient stimulation of the agricultural producer when switching to the production of ecologically clean products becomes an obstacle for the development of this industry, so the question arises about the need to attract international donors, consolidation of state and regional programs. In general, the agrarian policy of Ukraine has potential and is taking gradual steps to popularize and encourage producers to switch to organic product production. The article provides data on the current state of state and regional policy to support organic production in Ukraine, analyzes measures to stimulate the development of organic production, and their regulatory regulation. It was concluded that, as of now, there is no possibility to systematically provide the appropriate level of state support at the expense of the state budget. Therefore, in matters of protectionism of organic production, the resources of the state and local budgets should be combined within the limits of the adopted regional programs and the attraction of grant funds.

Кримінально-правові підходи аналізу профілактичних програм протидії злочинності в США

It was emphasized that in Ukraine, representatives of all types of law enforcement activities develop certain methods and measures to combat crime at the level of their own competence. Of course, there are national and regional programs, but specific bodies and their divisions have considerable freedom of action regarding the direction of professional implementation. This approach has positive points and some caveats. Guided by national programs, representatives of a specific law enforcement branch can determine on the ground the main "risk zones" and the contingent of citizens with whom it is expedient to work more intensively. The point of concern is that all services and units need to act in a coordinated manner so that preventive work is carried out in a planned manner and covers all areas of the population without gaps and duplication of measures. It is noted that the introduction of grant programs is a powerful factor for the full implementation of preventive measures to prevent crime. Each grant program provides for a specific direction of implementation of measures that will ensure work with the target audience based on a certain set of methods. Programs for work with minors are, as a rule, educational, those that cover the population in general - legal education, work with the elderly is aimed at familiarization with social guarantees and opportunities, in particular, with regard to inheritance law, lifetime maintenance contracts, etc. It was found out that today in all developed countries of the world, in particular in the USA, large-scale work on preventive activities is carried out at the state level. The authorized bodies develop perspective programs and create specialized units that implement these projects in practice. World practice on crime prevention is implemented through practical application after being established in the relevant regulatory and legal acts. Attention is focused on the importance of conducting preventive work with persons released from prisons in the context of their resocialization. Such persons need psychological and material support in order not to commit crimes due to the rejection of them by society, because many of them claim that it is easier for them to be in places of deprivation of liberty than in a prejudiced environment, when it is difficult to get a job, to restore lost social connections ties, etc.

Dairy farming in Akmola region of the Republic of Kazakhstan: main directions of intensification

The goal is to analyze the current situation on market for milk and dairy products in the Akmola region, to determine trends in sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding in the conditions of innovative economy. Methods – analytical and statistical industry information is systematized and summarized on the basis of economic-statistical, balance sheet, abstractlogical methods from open access sources and scientific literature. Results – the state of the dairy sub-industry in the region is considered. The authors identified the reasons that make it difficult to expand the capabilities of dairy farms. It is shown that highly efficient, resource-saving technologies are of particular importance for the intensification of the production of milk and its processed products and the economic growth of this market segment. The main focus of state support for dairy farming is outlined. To increase its effectiveness, effective republican and regional programs will be implemented. Active work to create modern large dairy farms in the region and raise dairy cattle will become attractive for investment. At dairy food complexes, the productivity of cows significantly increases, gross milk production increases, and optimal conditions for its primary processing are provided, which, in turn, ensures the quality of raw materials. Conclusions - the article proves the relevance of the study, which lies in the proposed measures to further increase the role of dairy farming in achieving food security of the state, justifying the need for public investment, increasing the volume of subsidies (direct subsidies and compensation for interest rates on loans), as well as choosing priority areas (infrastructure, technology) and taking into account many indicators that affect the efficiency of reproduction.

Uzbekistan: Theory and Practice of Personnel Training for Tourism

This article analyzes the republic’s need for tourist personnel. It is convenient to combine these datawith the prospects for the development of the tourism industry through state and regional programs. At thesame time, these plans should be an integral part of the employment policy of the population within the frameworkof the state program of socio-economic development of the regions of the republic. Such a systematicapproach makes it possible to accurately and rationally implement forecasts of the needs of professionalsubjects of tourism activity.

A Case Study of Four Pre-service Science Teachers: What Do Teacher Reflections Tell Us?

<p style="text-align: justify;">Reflection requires someone to think in deep and express the impression of a phenomenon or an event. Reflection can be defined as a mirror to look at and see the personal insights, feelings, motivation, or purposes of individuals within a particular context and practice in a realistic way. This study examined the nature of pre-service science teachers’ reflections during the last semester of the teacher education program. There were four cases as student-teachers attending science teacher education program in northwest region of Turkey. The qualitative data, written reflections and researcher field notes were utilized and analyzed through inductive methods. The results indicated that even though pre-service science teachers learned scientific practices and inquiry, they were not able to implement due to some constraints: mentor teachers forced them to teach on a traditional basis. They could only complete the required four-hour teaching practice. Student teachers reflected on their learning as becoming a science teacher, but their actions were restricted, and they could not find supportive community in school and classroom context.</p>

Design Of A Decision Support System For The Provision Of Assistance To Small Medium Industry (Smi) At The Industrial And Trade Service Of Bengkulu Province Using The Topsis Method

The Department of Industry and Trade (DISPERINDAG) of Bengkulu Province has the function of preparing regional government program planning for Bengkulu Province, one of these programs is providing assistance to small and medium industries in Bengkulu Province. The problem of this research is the selection process for determining the recipient of the assistance. This selection process is still done manually by selecting one by one each IKM document that will receive assistance, this is certainly quite prone to errors. This manual process results in the length of the selection process being carried out. The results of selection decisions are sometimes vulnerable to non-objectivity from the Bengkulu Province DIPERINDAG because there is no mathematical determination because all decisions come from humans. The results of this study have created a Decision Support System (DSS) to simplify the data processing process and shorten the completion time while improving the quality of decisions in determining the priority of beneficiaries to get maximum results, the TOPSIS method has also been applied. In this method, a calculation has been carried out on the IKM which is a candidate for assistance based on predetermined criteria.

Spatial soil loss prediction impacted by long-term land use/land cover change: a case study of Swat District.

Soil erosion is a destructive consequence of land degradation caused by deforestation, improper farming practices, overgrazing, and urbanization. This irreversible effect negatively impacts the limited renewable soil resource, causing soil truncation, reduced fertility, and unstable slopes. To address the anticipation of erosion modulus resulting from long-term land use and land cover (LULC) changes, a study was conducted in the Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Kpk), Pakistan. The study aimed to predict and evaluate soil erosion concerning these changes using remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (GIS), and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. We also evaluated the impact of the Billion Tree Tsunami Project (BTTP) on soil erosion in the region. Model inputs, such as rainfall erosivity factor, topography factor, land cover and management factor, and erodibility factor, were used to calculate soil erosion. The results revealed that significant soil loss occurred under 2001, 2011, and 2021 LULC conditions, accounting for 67.26%, 61.78%, and 65.32%, falling within the category of low erosion potential. The vulnerable topographical features of the area indicated higher erosion modulus. The maximum soil loss rates observed in 2001, 2011, and 2021 were 80 t/ha-1/year-1, 120 t/ha-1/year-1, and 96 t/ha-1/year-1, respectively. However, the observed reduction in soil loss in 2021 as compared to 2001 and 2011 suggests a positive influence of the BTTP on soil conservation efforts. This study underscores the potential of afforestation initiatives like the BTTP in mitigating soil erosion and highlights the significance of environmental conservation programs in regions with vulnerable topography.

The role of career guidance activities of a pedagogical university in the professional self-determination of applicants

Introduction. The intensification of socio-cultural and technological transformations contributes to the constant rethinking of career guidance practices in the context of a changing perception of the values of professions by modern schoolchildren and to the formation of an informed choice about the trajectory of their professional development.Aim. The present research aims to analyse the forms and formats of career guidance activities implemented by pedagogical universities; to determine the most effective forms and formats in terms of increasing motivation and interest in the teaching profession; and to assess the level of awareness of the choice of a teacher profession among applicants.Methodology and research methods. In this study, the problem of the effectiveness of the forms and formats of vocational guidance activities of pedagogical universities is considered from the point of view of the methodology of environmental and cultural approaches, which determine the presence of links between socio-cultural and educational space as an influencing factor in the personality formation and development in a social system changing under the impact of external objective factors.The current empirical study was based on a mixed design. In order to verify and triangulate the results obtained in the study, the authors carried out an expert assessment of the representation of various forms of career guidance implemented by pedagogical universities, and investigated the perception of the effectiveness of career guidance activities by first-year students. The sample of the respondents was made up of 1,628 first-year students aged from 16 to 44 years, who enrolled in full-time and part-time bachelor’s degree programmes 44.00.00 Education and Pedagogical Sciences (based on the intergraded group of specialties). The respondents were asked to assess the frequency of participation and the degree of influence of career guidance activities on the choice of profession at the stage preceding admission to university, as well as to answer questions that determine factors affecting professional choice.Empirical data were processed by means of frequency, comparative and multivariate analysis, using median test, Pearson’s chi-square criterion, factor analysis.Results. The main formats of career guidance activities implemented by pedagogical universities were identified. The analysis of the content of the events shows that pedagogical universities implement various career guidance practices in cooperation with regional education systems aimed at attracting the most trained and professionally oriented applicants to the field of pedagogical education in the region.It was revealed that the students, who entered the pedagogical university, most often participated in traditional career guidance activities, while the formats of career guidance involving active methods of working with applicants are represented in their experience to the least extent.Three types of career guidance activities were identified: the most passive role is assigned to applicants within the framework of career guidance presentation; the opportunity to express oneself appears within the framework of pre-professional pedagogical training; and the greatest subjectivity of the applicant is actualised by activities implying his/her involvement in pedagogical activity.Students, who are characterised by a high level of involvement in career guidance activities, give a higher evaluation for the influence of active career guidance methods on the choice of profession and have a more pronounced motivation for choosing teaching profession.Scientific novelty. In this paper, career guidance activities have been studied through the use of a mixed design, verification and triangulation of the results obtained that allowed to empirically substantiate their typology and determine the nature of their impact on the professional self-determination of applicants.Practical significance. The research results can be used to improve the quality of career guidance work of pedagogical universities. The research materials can be employed in the development of regional development programmes, development programmes of pedagogical universities and educational organisations.

Early lessons from the implementation of universal respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in infants with long-acting monoclonal antibodies, Galicia, Spain, September and October 2023.

A monoclonal antibody for universal respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in infants has recently been licensed. We share our experiences of integrating nirsevimab into the regional immunisation programme in Galicia, Spain. After a 3-week hospital-based immunisation campaign with flexible individualised appointments and educational activities, nirsevimab uptake was 97.5% in the high-risk group, 81.4% in the catch-up group and 92.6% in infants born during the campaign. This successful implementation strategy can serve as a model and may inform other countries' programmatic deliberations.

Enhancing restoration success of rare plants in an arid-tropical climate through water-saving technologies: a case study of Scalesia affinis ssp. brachyloba in the Galapagos Islands

Arid tropical archipelagos, such as the Galapagos Islands, host a high concentration of endemic plant species, many of which require restoration intervention to recover from past environmental degradation. Water-saving technologies (WSTs) have potential for hastening restoration by providing plants with additional water during the early stages of growth. However, it remains unclear whether such technologies provide an advantage for plant species of arid-tropical regions. This study examined the effect of the water-saving technology Groasis Waterboxx® (Groasis) on the rare endemic plant species Scalesia affinis ssp. brachyloba during early stages of restoration. Survival was monitored for 374 individuals planted across six sites on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (326 with technology and 48 as controls). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the use of Groasis reduced mortality during the first two years of the seedling survival. A mixed-effect logistic regression that modelled plant survival as a function of total precipitation, maximum temperature, and WST treatment (Groasis and no-technology control) found that despite low overall survival rates, plants grown with Groasis exhibited a three-fold higher predicted survival by the end of the 3.7 year duration of the study. Finally, through a resampling method, we demonstrate that the effect of the WST treatment is not dependent on the unbalanced design typical of a restoration project framework. We conclude that water-saving technologies such as the Groasis Waterboxx® can enhance survival of rare plant species such as S. affinis ssp. brachyloba in restoration programs in arid-tropical regions.

Profiling of the genetic features of patients with breast, ovarian, colorectal and extracolonic cancers: Association to CHEK2 and PALB2 germline mutations

Background and aimsCancer predisposition goes beyond BRCA and DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) genes since multi-gene panel testing has become the routine diagnostic tool for hereditary cancer suspicion (HCS) cases. CHEK2 and PALB2 are some of the foremost-mutated non-BRCA/MMR actionable genes in families with a significant familial aggregation. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to unravel which tumours other than breast, ovary or colorectal display the patients. Materials and methodsWe have analysed 528 probands that meet the inclusion criteria for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Lynch Syndrome established by our Hereditary Cancer Regional Program with a customized 35 genes-panel by using Ion Torrent™ Technology. ResultsWe have identified pathogenic variants (PVs) in 61 families (1.55%), of which more than half (31 probands) harboured PVs in CHEK2 and PALB2 genes. Ours results reveal that not only were PVs CHEK2 and PALB2 carriers more likely to have family history of cancer not limited to breast, ovarian or colorectal cancers, but also they are prone to other extracolonic cancers, noteworthy endometrial and gastric cancers. ConclusionsMultigene panel testing improves the chance of finding PVs in actionable genes in families with HCS. In addition, the coexistence of variants should be recorded to implement a polygenic risk algorithm that might explain the missing heritability in the aforementioned families.

Implementing the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response for Better Coordination and Simplification Procedures

This article aims to critically examine implementation of the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) to cope with humanitarian assistance caused by disasters, complex emergencies and conflicts in South East Asian countries. It focusses on how the ASEAN member States initiate and implement coordination and simplification of procedures on how to deliver humanitarian assistance to victims once those situations are declared as regional concern. The analysis in this paper is mainly construed by normative legal research relied on information of facts and information of legal bases in order to find out legal gaps, ambiguity, overlapping institutions and conflict of norms on coordination and procedures between national and regional regulations, policies, programs and actions. It provides framework for analysis on how constructive engagements under the AADMER generate a distinctive legal feature for regional concerns dealing with humanitarian issues in South East Asian Countries. This article reveals that effective coordination and simplification of procedures are back bones for the AADMER implementation. Factually, regulatory impacts assessments have been assessed and factually carried out by ASEAN member States in terms of increasing their understanding, allocation of all available resources and reducing potential risks when they create and implement their national rules and regulation on disaster, complex emergency and conflicts. However, at the same time, they tend to be reluctant to take measures on underlying necessity of legitimate reasons, authority as well as their advanced resources. It is necessary to be shared to reduce capacity gaps for better effective coordination and simplification of procedures due to their narrowed understanding of state’s sovereignty to shield their unwillingness to cooperate

Ключевые тенденции развития ипотечного рынка: региональный аспект

The article outlines the authors' position on the study of the current scientific and practical problem of the development of mortgage lending in the regions with the identification of key trends in the development of the mortgage market in the regions. It is noted that mortgage lending is an important type of financial activity of credit institutions aimed at generating income and ensuring social standards and improving the living conditions of citizens. The purpose of the study is to identify key trends and patterns in the development of residential mortgage lending in the regions. In solving the identified acute problems, from the point of view of ensuring the goal of identifying key trends and patterns in the development of housing mortgage lending in the Southern Federal District (hereinafter referred to as the Southern Federal District, or region), a systematic approach was formed in which the following methods were used: statistical, analytical, informational, graphical , abstract-logical. A cluster analysis was carried out, which united territories with similar climatic and landscape areas, where quantitative and qualitative indicators were used. Particular importance is given to the study of factors influencing the development of residential mortgage lending. A systematic review of the relationships was carried out and the features of the influence of macroeconomic factors on the socio-economic indicators of the development of housing mortgage lending in the regions were identified, in particular the commissioning of housing taking into account the main indicators. Factors influencing macroeconomic indicators regarding the number of issued mortgage loans are reflected. The use of cluster analysis contributed to the formation of a systematic approach, identifying key trends in the development of mortgage lending in the regions and determining the role of tools for stimulating and developing the mortgage market. From a theoretical point of view, literature sources and legal acts on improving the legal framework (regarding the development of territories and the standard of living of the population in the regions of the region) were analyzed in depth. The practical significance of the study lies in the reliable development of the mortgage market in the Southern Federal District and its constituent entities. It is proposed to ensure the interests of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the development and implementation of their own regional programs. To achieve the goal, a cluster analysis was carried out and a systematic approach was formed, which made it possible to group the factors influencing the development of housing lending in the Southern Federal District.