Region Of Sorocaba Research Articles

Concentrations and legislative aspects of PBDEs in plastic of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Brazil

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) have been widely used as additives in polymeric products such as electronic and electrical equipment (EEE) to help meet fire safety regulations. However, some BFRs like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are now listed under the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and banned in many countries, due to their adverse health impacts, environmental persistence, and capacity for bioaccumulation and long-range atmospheric transport. Despite this, in Brazil, only a few studies exist of the presence of these contaminants in the environment, and even fewer in waste EEE (WEEE). Against this backdrop, this study measured the presence of PBDEs in samples (n = 159) of WEEE in the metropolitan region of Sorocaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. PBDEs were detected in 149 samples, with concentrations in 18 samples exceeding the European Union's Low POP Content Limit (LPCL) of 1000 mg/kg. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was the congener present at the highest concentration in most samples, with those of other PBDEs such as BDE-47 much lower. In general, samples containing >1000 mg/kg are those categorised as display items and miscellaneous EEE (n = 15.27 %), comprising: parts from cathode ray tube TVs (n = 11), audio systems (n = 2), and LCD TVs (n = 2). In addition, in 5 % (n = 3) of IT and telecommunications equipment samples (computer parts) PBDE concentrations exceeded 1000 mg/kg. Our results show the need for greater control and monitoring of the presence of these pollutants in WEEE before recycling and final disposal, to prevent PBDEs entering the recycling stream.

Fuzzy Index of Similarity between cities: grouping municipalities according to their characteristics for joint actions in FPIC

With the intention of assisting the development process of the Metropolitan Regions, the Public Functions of Common Interest (FPIC) are presented as a fundamental tool for interfederative governance. Promoting control that helps carry out actions between municipalities, through the FPIC, contributes to the development of Metropolitan Regions, however, municipalities with different characteristics make actions of common interest difficult. The goals of this work is to develop levels of similarity through the Fuzzy Index of Similarity between Municipalities (IFSM) in order to expose the municipalities with similar characteristics, for the application of actions through the FPIC in the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba for the problem of the housing shortage. By establishing the levels, this work concludes by analyzing the efficiency of the IFSM to group municipalities with similar characteristics.

Flea parasitism in wild mammals in the metropolitan region of Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

Fleas are eurixenous ectoparasites that can parasitize different species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, with the possibility of causing irritation and blood spoliation. They are vectors responsible for the transmission of numerous pathogens and have a wide geographical distribution, more frequently in warm regions. Domestic animals (dogs and cats) are preferred hosts, but parasitism can also occur in wild hosts, with a greater variety of parasitic species and strong interaction between these siphonapters and their hosts. During the period from January 2021 to June 2023, flea specimens were collected from wild animals coming from the metropolitan region of Sorocaba, São Paulo. Some of these animals were animals from the zoo's own stock, which were diagnosed with parasitism during routine examinations and others were rescued from the natural environment and sent to the zoo. The flea specimens collected were packed in alcohol 700 GL and sent for microscopic diagnosis. Four groups were diagnosed at the specific level: Ctenocephalides felis, Rhopalopsyllus lutzi, R. lugrubis and Tunga penetrans, and two groups as unidentified species, belonging to the genera Rhopalopsyllus and Polygenis. The parasitized animals were all mammals, belonging to eleven different species, distributed in the Orders Carnivora, Didelphimorphia, Rodentia and Cingulata. Studies on the parasitofauna of wild animals contribute to a greater knowledge about the distribution of parasitic agents and their relationships with the host species.

Dificuldades de ensino e aprendizagem em matemática no ensino superior na perspectiva de docentes e discentes

This article aims to contribute to the understanding of possible causes of teaching and learning difficulties, from the perspective of teachers and students, respectively, in matters that involve mathematical knowledge, in college education. Specifically, it seeks to identify the probable reasons for learning difficulties in mathematics, on the part of the student; identify the probable reasons for difficulties in teaching mathematics, on the part of the teacher; explain aspects about mathematics and its teaching and conceptions, especially those linked to mathematical knowledge, which can support the teaching practices in progress. The reflections involve data from interviews carried out with professors and students from three universities, one of each modality − public, private, and community −, in the region of Sorocaba, SP. We found that practices with exposure of matters, examples, and problem solving predominate, as well as the conception that mathematics is a knowledge in which the linearization of matters prevails.

Proposta de autocorrelação espacial da relação entre as condições socioeconômicas na Região Metropolitana de Sorocaba, SP, Brasil

A espacialização dos dados sociais permite analisar algumas características sociais e territoriais dos setores censitários até a totalidade de uma cidade ou região metropolitana. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a autocorrelação espacial dos dados que refletem as condições de saúde e renda dos domicílios da Região Metropolitana de Sorocaba (RMS) e se há correlação desses indicadores por meio de um teste de regressão linear múltipla. Para isso, foi calculado o Índice de Moran Global e Local, os quais foram utilizados para mensurar a autocorrelação e a dependência espacial entre os setores censitários. Identificou-se que existem 177 setores censitários distribuídos pela RMS que mostraram autocorrelações para todas as variáveis e correspondem a 31,1% do território e 5,4% da população total da RMS. Portanto, este estudo pode ser utilizado por gestores públicos para desenvolver políticas públicas voltadas à melhoria da qualidade de vida da população, pois possibilita a identificação das regiões que extrapolam os limites administrativos dos municípios e que carecem de investimentos coletivos e cooperação dos municípios.

Risk perception of automotive fuel poisoning among gas station attendants.

Everyday, gas station attendants ate exposed to numerous toxic substances found in fuels. Benzene stands out among these toxic chemical agents; depending on its concentration, it can cause mucosal irritation or even pulmonary edema. A considerable number of gas station attendants is aware of the risks associated with benzene poisoning, but they are not aware of the risks associated with other automotive pollutants. To evaluate and understand the risk perception of automotive fuel poisoning among gas station attendants in the Sorocaba region, state of São Paulo. Sixty gas station attendants were evaluated in the Sorocaba region. Data were collected between October 2019 and September 2020 using a semi-structured, individual, closed-ended questionnaire whose questions identified the participants' perception and aimed to analyze: the general profile of the studied population; practices for handling fuels and knowledge on their toxic effects, use and instructions of personal protective equipment, symptoms possibly associated with fuel exposure, the participants' perception of poisoning risks, and their participation in occupational medicine programs. The obtained results demonstrated that most gas station attendants wore at least basic personal protective equipment, and some of them reported symptoms linked with benzene exposure. Still, a considerable number of employers does not provide adequate training to gas station attendants, which is possibly associated with inadequate use of personal protective equipment. Our data showed indications of non-compliance by gas station attendants as to the use of personal protective equipment at the workplace, and by employers as to the provision of adequate training.

PRIMEIRO REGISTRO DO ÁCARO Psoralges libertus Trouessart, 1896 EM CANAL AUDITIVO DE TAMANDUÁ-BANDEIRA Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758 DE VIDA LIVRE

Zoological parks are an excellent source of biological material for research, as they often receive free-living wild animals. The present report discusses the occurrence of mites in the ear canal in a free-living anteater in the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba, forwarded to the Sorocaba Zoo. During the clinical examination of the animal ectoparasites were located and collected. The mites were collected from the ear canal and were deposited in plastic pots with 70% alcohol, then sent to the National Reference Laboratory for Rickettsial Diseases Vectors (LIRN) of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ). Using taxonomic specific keys and with the aid of a microscope, the species Psoralges libertus Trouessart, 1896 was morphologically identified. This species was reported in another species from the Order Pilosa, but it is the first record of Psoralges libertus parasitizing a free-living Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758.

Corporate Social Responsibility: Study in Companies in the State of Sao Paulo

The research aimed to map the positioning of companies located in the Administrative Region of Sorocaba – SP, affiliated with the Ethos Institute, regarding the practice of Corporate Social Responsibility. Of an exploratorydescriptive nature, bibliographic and documentary research was used by collecting data/information made available digitally on the websites of the companies surveyed. The data were catalogued and systematised with the aid of the SigmaPlot® software. Fifteen companies, present in nine municipalities, fulfilled the requirements required for the study. Four companies did not present any type of social publication. Of the others, one published using the GRI model exclusively, nine had their social publications made using the GRI model adding guidelines from the Global Compact (GC-UN). Only one company adopted the ISO 26000 standard exclusively. The study provides a panoramic view of the companies located in the RAS, especially the publication of their CSR actions, through information collected and systematised on their websites, serving an aid to decision-makers at the corporate level, as well as to policymakers and sectoral, in addition to increasing the visibility of business practices to the entire community.

A logistical and economical approach to coordinating a biomass supply chain, including energy characteristics

The use of biomass energy is increasingly widespread among industries. There is a growing demand for the purchase of biomass aiming at the generation of thermal and electric energy, as in the case of the sugar and energy sectors, pulp and paper and wood panels. The aim of this article is to analyze a biomass supply chain considering the offer, distance and energy characteristics of biomass. The demand for biofuel is from a panel industry located in the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba. The final cost was calculated based on price quotes, freights and energy properties of each biomass. The biomasses chosen for analysis were: sawdust, wood chips, briquettes, firewood, standing eucalyptus forest (log) and rice husks. It was found that the largest supply of biomass at the lowest cost is in the distances between 50 km and 250 km. The best materials were wood chips and eucalyptus log. Freight was not a determining factor in the final cost of biomass, even for the longest distances. It was concluded that the chip and the log had advantages for different distances.

Currículo e trabalho

Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa sobre a proposta curricular de ciências humanas do estado de São Paulo, disciplinas de Filosofia e Sociologia. Foram examinadas as concepções de trabalho e de trabalho pedagógico do currículo oficial, e as identificou nas de professores da Região Metropolitana de Sorocaba (RMS). A metodologia empregada fez uso da investigação bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os documentos do Programa São Paulo Faz Escola foram analisados e aplicados questionários a 69 professores. Os resultados indicam que no currículo subjaz a concepção de trabalho como formação para o emprego, sustentado na perspectiva neoprodutivista. A ambiguidade das concepções dos professores reforça a abordagem neotecnicista do currículo. Conclui-se que o currículo do estado de São Paulo e as concepções e práticas dos docentes vivem tensionamentos teórico-metodológicos, mas asseguram a reprodução do discurso hegemônico do capital nos espaços escolares.

Evaluation of the 17-α-Ethinyl Estradiol Sorption Capacity in Soil

17-α-Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) is a widely used drug that acts in the endocrine system and in the environment; even at low concentrations, it causes extensive damage to organisms. The most relevant factors for understanding the EE2 degradation and transport mechanisms in soil are through sorption studies. This study investigated the sorption capacity of EE2 in soil collected amidst vegetation in the region of Sorocaba, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The soil samples were submitted to the evaluation of the physical-chemical parameters to characterization. The zero point of charge test (ZPC) was run using the adapted method of the 11-point model. Kinetic tests were then carried out, varying the removal times of the samples with fixed EE2 concentration, whereas, for the isotherm tests, the concentrations were varied, and the fixed contact time was maintained. The final concentrations of EE2 were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Data treatments were carried out using mathematical modeling tests present in the literature. The soil presented a medium texture, being predominantly sandy, and the chemical parameters were classified as high and medium. Only the pH parameter was classified as low. The ZPC was 5.57, indicating an adsorption favorable to the EE2 that presented an average pH of 5.73. The adsorption kinetics showed that the equilibrium time for EE2 in contact with the soil is 12 h. The adsorption isotherm presented values related as favorable and adjustable to the Sips isotherm model and estimated the maximum adsorption capacity of 154.2 mgEE2 Kgsoil−1, showing affinity with EE2.

Alternative Scenario Simulation for Urban Sprawl Based on Population Dynamics: A Methodological Proposal

The urban sprawl implies in the reduction of rural production areas and increases the pressure on the natural spaces. Hence, if the urbanization does not occur properly, it can compromise sanitary conditions, biodiversity, resources and environmental services. This paper aims at presenting a mathematical model to support urban sprawl based on population dynamics, applied as a case study in the Economic Hub of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba - MRS. The materials corresponded to census data and urban planning parameters of the applicable law. As a result, it was found that the urban extension of Sorocaba is oversized, and that the maintenance of the current conditions and guidelines will have critical consequences, requiring a change in local politics. We conclude that the proposed model can support strategic decisions, preventing problems related to disordered growth.

Exames post mortem em primatas não humanos durante epizootia de febre amarela na região metropolitana de Sorocaba, SP, Brasil

Main mortality causes of neotropical primates are trauma and viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases. In all cases of animal death necropsy, histopathology, and complementary exams are essential to determine the cause of death. Between May 2017 and May 2018, 59 cases of death of non-human primates were registered during the Yellow Fever outbreak in the region of Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Five species of the genera Callithrix, Alouatta and Sapajus were identified. Wildlife and captivity animals were represented. All biological materials collected during necropsies were submitted to Instituto Adolf Lutz (in São Paulo, Brazil) to be tested for the Yellow Fever virus. Documented causes of death included Yellow Fever, unspecified trauma, interspecies and intraspecies aggression, firearm-induced trauma, pneumonia, and carbamate toxicosis.

Educação de jovens e adultos na Comunidade Quilombola do Cafundó

The purpose of this article is to discuss education and indicate their precariousness in the Quilombola Cafundo Community, located in Salto de Pirapora , in the region of Sorocaba (SP ) , Brazil . That same is observed with a lot of resistance , there are still living in the community who care and seek to maintain the lit customs, culture and traditions, derived from their ancestors , whether in the form of dialects, the permanence and practice of cults and rites or the legends and stories. It is also a need to implement new educational policies covering not only the urban areas , but also any and every territory - be it rural, settlers or tribes.The purpose of this article is to discuss education and indicate their precariousness in the Quilombola Cafundo Community, located in Salto de Pirapora , in the region of Sorocaba (SP ) , Brazil . That same is observed with a lot of resistance , there are still living in the community who care and seek to maintain the lit customs, culture and traditions, derived from their ancestors , whether in the form of dialects, the permanence and practice of cults and rites or the legends and stories. It is also a need to implement new educational policies covering not only the urban areas , but also any and every territory - be it rural, settlers or tribes.

Experiência Didática de Planejamento Urbano e Regional: Dos Conceitos à Apresentação Institucional pelos Alunos

Este relato discorre sobre as atividades desenvolvidas ao longo e depois da conclusão da disciplina Planejamento Urbano e Regional, ministrada para a primeira turma do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de Sorocaba, uma instituição sem fins lucrativos do tipo comunitária. Apresenta as especificidades do alunado, os objetivos da disciplina, a metodologia empregada. Esta, numa primeira fase, procura consolidar a bibliografia básica e complementar, para a apreensão dos conceitos. Na segunda fase, emula a realização de um plano diretor municipal, por meio da pesquisa temática de dados brutos, sua organização e análise crítica. Na terceira fase, vem a proposição de um estudo de caso para implantação de novos equipamentos, justificando-os, segundo necessidade verificada e escolha dos grupos depois de discussão das possibilidades. Na quarta fase, apresentam-se as propostas originais aos colegas de sala, são submetidas à discussão e recolhem-se sugestões de melhoria. No caso desta turma em particular, houve também uma apresentação para o órgão de planejamento (Nuplan) do município de Sorocaba (SP), como trabalho extracurricular à disciplina, mas totalmente pertinente pela exposição de resultados dos levantamentos dos 25 municípios da região de Sorocaba. Assim, os alunos com os melhores trabalhos puderam caminhar dos conceitos iniciais até a apresentação institucional.

The influence of the specifics of small businesses on innovation

Purpose Based on a multi-case analysis of small businesses in the metal-mechanical industry in the region of Sorocaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil, the purpose of this paper is to analyze how small businesses (in terms of the owner, business, and influences exerted by the environment) influence innovation. Design/methodology/approach Six case studies are used to analyze the Brazilian metal-mechanical industry. The data are collected through semi-structured interviews and direct observations. In addition, innovations over the previous five years are evaluated in order to establish a comparative pattern between companies. Findings This study examines how facilitating factors are related to the owners of small businesses. These factors include owners’ personal ambitions, the centralization of decisions, and their confidence in their ability to make effective decisions. Factors related to the organization that favor innovation include a simple and streamlined structure and fewer levels of bureaucracy, whereas low capital intensity limit innovation. While some factors related to the environment favor innovation, others have a limiting effect (e.g. short-term horizons and a lack of formal strategic planning). Originality/value The main contribution of this research is to show that innovation is not synonymous with financial investment. Strategic reorganization and the rationalization of productive resources through competitive priorities may lead to innovation in different spheres, helping to increase the competitiveness and strength of the national economy.

A percepção profissional sobre o gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde em unidades básicas e ambulatórios de saúde em um município da Região Metropolitana de Sorocaba, SP, Brasil

In 2004, the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA - National Health Surveillance Agency), published Resolution 306 of the Collegiate Board of Directors (RDC), which established the criteria for clinical waste disposal (RSS) management, by informing the kind of waste and their segregation, packaging, storage, transport and destination. The goal of this investigation is to determine the professional’s perception in the management of clinical waste in the ambulatory care centers in a municipality of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba, SP, Brazil. Method: individual qualitative interviews were used to collect data. As seen in the results, most of the professionals do not have the technical knowledge required for managing RSS. In addition, they indicated a lack of training in this area, which limits the involvement of health professionals with environmental matters. It was also evident that health professionals place the procedures directly associated with patient care as their priority, putting aside crucial matters connected to the development of preventative practices related to environmental preservation and the promotion of the population’s quality of life.

Leeches of the genus Helobdella (Clitellata: Hirudinida) from São Paulo, Brazil with descriptions of two new species using micro-computed tomography and a new record of Barbronia weberi (Blanchard 1897).

Leeches are an important group of macroinvertebrates found in the benthic zone of rivers, streams, lakes and ponds. Despite their ecological importance and potential as bioindicators, little is known about the diversity of leeches in Brazil, where only a few sporadic studies have been performed. Six locations in the region of Sorocaba, in the state of São Paulo, were sampled in order to study the diversity of predatory leeches. Besides traditional dissections, micro-computed tomography was used to access the internal morphology of the new species Helobdella chaviensis n. sp. and Helobdella schlenzae n. sp. Four additional native species were found and redescribed using traditional techniques. The invasive species Barbronia weberi (Blanchard 1897) was reported in the Tietê River for the first time.

Brazilian sugarcane sector: an economic and environmental approach

The Brazilian sugarcane industry constitutes a main player in the domestic economic environment and more specifically in the state of Sao Paulo. In this sense, engendering an economic and environmental analysis of the Sao Paulo sugarcane industry, and to identify possible points of conflict between the expansion of crop area and environmental conservation, constitutes the main objective of this essay. Using a combined approach with descriptive purposes, it was precede unstructured interview with technical manager of the Rural Association of Growers and Sugarcane Suppliers of Sorocaba region, primary documentary evidence obtained from the entity and secondary data from various official sources. The results showed that reduction in the number of agro-industrial units due to the strong economic crisis now facing the sector. However, the expansion of cultivation area has increased and, in parallel, the industry has been engaged in environmental conservation, especially with the increase of green areas, protection of water sources and reduced water consumption in the production process.

Ocorrência de carrapatos em animais silvestres recebidos e atendidos pelo Parque Zoológico Municipal Quinzinho de Barros, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil

<p>Os carrapatos são ectoparasitas da classe Arachnida que parasitam vertebrados terrestres, anfíbios, repteis, aves e mamíferos. O presente trabalho relata a ocorrência de carrapatos ixodídeos em animais silvestres recebidos e atendidos pelo Hospital Veterinário do Parque Zoológico Municipal Quinzinho de Barros, localizado no município de Sorocaba, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. De setembro de 1999 a maio de 2015, foram coletados carrapatos em animais silvestres da região de Sorocaba e de outros 20 municípios do interior do estado de São Paulo. Ao todo, foram identificados 43 larvas, 637 ninfas e 1.178 adultos (631 machos e 547 fêmeas), totalizando 1.858 exemplares de 14 espécies distintas de ixodídeos. Durante exames clínicos de rotina, foram inspecionadas duas espécies de repteis, uma espécie de ave e 11 espécies distintas de mamíferos de um total de 103 animais silvestres amostrados. Nos repteis foram identificados <em>Amblyomma rotundatum</em>, nas aves <em>Amblyomma sculptum </em>e nos mamíferos <em>Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma brasiliense, Amblyomma calcaratum, Amblyomma dubitatum, Amblyomma longirostre, Amblyomma nodosum, Amblyomma ovale, A. sculptum, Amblyomma varium, Ixodes aragaoi, Haemaphysalis juxtakochi, Rhipicephalus microplus </em>e <em>Dermacentor nitens. </em>Este estudo relata os primeiros registros de fêmeas de <em>A. rotundatum </em>parasitando <em>Hydromedusa tectifera </em>e <em>Oxyrhopus guibei, </em>assim como ninfas de <em>A. dubitatum </em>e <em>H. juxtakochi </em>em <em>Chrysocyon brachyurus</em>, ninfas de <em>A. brasiliense </em>em <em>Myrmecophaga tridactyla </em>e <em>Tamandua tetradactyla</em>, além de ninfas de <em>A. sculptum </em>em <em>Alouatta guariba </em>e <em>Sphiggurus villosus </em>no país, demonstrando que os zoológicos são uma fonte de informação valiosa para o conhecimento parasitológico da fauna silvestre brasileira.</p>