Regions Of Kazakhstan Research Articles

Main characteristics of burial complexes of Central Kazakhstan in the Late Bronze Age

The main factual basis of the research comprised the materials of 25 necropoleis of the Late Bronze Age examined in the Karaganda and Ulytau regions of Central Kazakhstan. The total number of the investigated burials amounts to 167 individual structures. There were 190 burials recorded. Since the 2000s, nine cemeteries belonging to the Late Bronze Age have been investigated. There were 72 burial structures studied, including one of the eight largest mausoleums in the region — Karazhar-tas, excavated in 2016–2017. All known burial structures were divided into three groups: surface stone boxes, boxes imbedded in the bedrock, and ground graves, which, according to the characteristic above-ground structures, were divided into ten types of burial structures. It has been noted that for the first group of the burials, the most characteristic are quadrangular funeral structures erected using the masonry technique. The second group is dominated by quadrangular fences built from vertically set slabs, less often from stone laid on flat. The third group is clearly dominated by a ring-shaped layout in the form of the stones selected according to their dimensions, laid in a circle. The most numerous appeared to be the first group, for which the charac-teristic feature is the arrangement of the burial chambers in the form of stone boxes raised above the ground. The less repre-sentative was the second group with subsurface burials, including those that had a form of composite stone boxes. The third group comprised the burials in ground graves. It is assumed that in the first two groups, the westward orientation of the interred is predominant, with a certain role of the northeastern sector. The third group is characterised by the invariable orientation of the deceased in a southward direction with the sleeping position of the skeleton laid on the right side.

GLOBALIZATION OF LANGUAGE PROCESSES IN KAZAKHSTAN

This study examines the trend of the changing linguistic landscape in the Kazakh labor market, where some employers place requirements on the proficiency of English among potential employees. The requirements of the labor market for candidates to have a good command of English is crucial for employment. As part of the study, one of the sites for job search in Kazakhstan was considered "headhunter.kz ". Ads were studied in which the proficiency of English and the level of English proficiency were an important requirement for applicants. The ads were published in 2021 and 2022 on the popular job site "headhunter.kz ". In addition, this study determined the demand for English in cities of national significance and regions (oblasts) of Kazakhstan. Based on the analysis, the growing importance of the English language and higher requirements for the level of English proficiency were confirmed, although these requirements varied in different employment sectors.

Rice growing industry of the Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan: ways to increase competitiveness

The goal is to analyze the current state of the rice growing industry in the Kyzylorda region and develop recommendations for its further development. Methods – during the study, a systematic approach to data selection, quantitative and qualitative methods, methods of comparison and generalization, logical, statistical, correlation and regression analysis were used. Results - the authors show the importance of the development of rice farming in this region, present the dynamics of rice production and sales, and assess the effectiveness of rice farming in the region. It has been established that in recent years the production of this crop has been declining, and the performance indicators of the rice complex are correspondingly decreasing. Due to the fact that the rice growing sector is characterized by competitive advantages, the article analyzes the level of activity of three competing companies - leaders in this market segment of Kazakhstan. The strengths and weaknesses are identified, as well as the opportunities and threats of the rice growing industry. Conclusions - the importance of rice growing for ensuring food security, social stability and overall economic growth in the country has been proven. The priority is to implement a set of measures to optimize sown areas, use modern technologies and equipment, and introduce innovations to increase the gross yield and yield of rice crop rotations. This traditional field of activity is promising and has export potential. There is a need to increase demand for products, create a system for promoting them to the market in order to increase exports, state support in the reconstruction of rice irrigation systems, subsidizing seed production, updating mechanization equipment, regulatory and methodological support, and personnel training.

Incrеаsing students ' interest in the subject of phуsics by integrating the science of robotics

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly influenced the field of scientific research and innovation. This includes various areas such as robotics, physics, integration, and the application of knowledge. Designing experiments to test and analyze the impact of these advancements requires careful consideration. This study was conducted in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan, specifically in the 8th grade at Aset Beyseuov schools, to assess the learning outcomes of students in robotics in the 2022-2023 academic year. The participants were selected based on the school's curriculum and were part of a specialized cluster for robotics education. Following the eighth session, a questionnaire based on Torranstyn's study (1979) was administered to gather data on variables such as intrinsic motivation, student engagement, innovations, and career aspirations. As a result, 10 different tests and physics-related robotic construction activities were conducted. Covariance analysis was utilized to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed a positive correlation between robotics education and students' academic progress in physics.

ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF LOCAL RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SELF-SEALING CONCRETES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Initiation of production and application of self-compacting concrete (SCC) in Kazakhstan requires not only local research within the framework of solving technological problems in one agglomeration under active construction, but also an assessment of potential opportunities for the development of the raw material base of SBC and processing industries in different regions. Taking into account that the raw material possibilities for these purposes in the regions of Kazakhstan differ to a great extent, and the considered type of concrete is economically feasible only when using local raw materials in the composition, the conceptual approaches to the selection and evaluation of raw materials for SCC, known in the world scientific practice, were analyzed and summarized. as well as the results of the development of SCC in KazGASA with the use of raw materials relevant for a number of regions. Studies of local raw materials have shown the prospect of using high-silica furnaces in high-strength substations; fillers from the screenings of stone crushing of local rocks, represented by hydrothermally and metasomatically altered porphyrites of medium-major composition and porphyries of decrystallized quartz-feldspar composition; granites and hybrid rock of quartz diorite in composition with zeolite, microsilica. Issues requiring study were identified in the application of certain types of raw materials, which differ in mineralogical and other characteristics from those previously studied, issues in the development of own technology for the synthesis of organic modifiers for SCC.

Looking For A Changing Tradition: Kazakh Traditional Doll In Cer-emony, Rite, Game And Art Practice

The study of the doll and its place in the lives of children allows us to more deeply realize its role in any traditional culture, as well as to comprehend the reasons for the modern "doll boom." The Kazakh traditional doll "quyrshaq," balancing between ritual and play practice, has always been the prerogative of the institution of female subculture. Starting from early childhood, transforming, it accompanied its mistress in direct and indirect form up to the very old age. The traditional Turkic doll, considered on the example of Kazakh "quyrshaq," demonstrates not only the chronology of women's life but also characterizes the purely female process of communication with higher powers - deities and spirits of the dead from the perspective of the aforementioned aspects. Consideration of "quyrshaq" as an integral part of women's subculture in the historical retrospective through the prism of sacred and secular will reveal its peculiarities, specify the historical and cultural interrelations between neighboring and related peoples, as well as trace the transformation of this tradition. In order to reveal the designated topic, the research utilized retrospective, comparative, structural-functional, and semiotic approaches. Additionally, a cross-disciplinary analysis was incorporated to enrich the understanding of the cultural nuances surrounding the traditional doll. Nowadays, the traditional doll has fallen out of use due to the extinction of ritual and ceremonial tradition, as well as the appearance of industrial samples of children's dolls of European type in the middle of the twentieth century and their complete dominance in the market in modern times. Information about the Kazakh doll and domestic idols as its cultural prototypes was collected by the authors during the study of archaeological and ethnographic museum exhibits, as well as during field research among the residents of Almaty, Karaganda, and other regions of Kazakhstan in 2017-2019. Thus, the present study has shown that the doll has always reflected certain ethnic and regional traditions or innovations in culture. Through playing with a doll, children reproduced various life situations in accordance with the socio-normative culture of the Kazakh ethnic norms and rules of behavior of the ethnic group. Children through playing with dolls received vital lessons of socio-psychological harmony of personality with the outside world, which in a broad sense can be interpreted as the basis of ritual and ceremonial practice in traditional society. In the present period, designer or art dolls are one of the markers of national revival, characteristic of the whole artistic life of modern Kazakhstan. This resurgence is indicative of a broader cultural renaissance, with these dolls serving as symbolic artifacts embodying the rich heritage and artistic identity of the nation.

Убеждения педагогов о слабоуспевающих учащихся старших классов

<p>The article presents the results of a study that explores the teachers’ beliefs concerning low-performing senior schoolchildren in one of the regions of Kazakhstan. Until recently, the issue of low-achieving students was largely absent from the agenda of secondary education and has not got attention from Kazakhstani researchers. A case study methodology was applied as the principal research method, facilitating an in-depth examination of teachers’ belief systems concerning low-performing students. 22 high school and first-year college teachers participated in a qualitative study in May and June 2022. We analyzed teachers’ ideas about low-achieving students within an ecological framework using an inductive thematic analysis of individual interviews and focus group discussions. We identidied the categories of teachers’ individual, in-school and systemic beliefs. These beliefs collectively contribute to the conceptualisation of a low-performing students, their educational trajectories, and their potential for success or failure in life.</p>

Retraction of: Genetic and clinical characteristics of BRCA-associated hereditary breast cancer in the West region of Kazakhstan.

Retraction of: Genetic and clinical characteristics of BRCA-associated hereditary breast cancer in the West region of Kazakhstan.

Genetic differentiation within two large phylogroups of the common hamster (<i>Cricetus cricetus</i>) (Cricetidae, Rodentia), the boundary between them, and the population abundance

clarification. In the course of our specially organized expedition, tissue samples of the common hamster were collected in 12 regions of Russia and Kazakhstan, including areas at the potential border of the ranges of phylogroups “A” and “E” (“Europe”). Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the cytb gene of the captured animals has shown that the boundary between these phylogroups runs between Turinsk and Yekaterinburg, further between Chelyabinsk and Kurgan, between Omsk and Tatarsk, and turns to the south, leaving the village of Turgai and the town of Temirtau in the west and the village of Bayanaul in the east. The structure of territorial genetic clades belonging to phylogroups “A” and “E” and the history of their formation were also analyzed. Most of the detected territorial clades were formed during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. The population dynamics of phylogroups “A” and “E” was analyzed and its decline was shown in 8 of the 12 surveyed regions.

Quantifying systemic and idiosyncratic risks in agriculture: A study of Kazakhstan's grain production volatility

This article aims to propose a method for quantifying the impact of idiosyncratic and systemic risks on agricultural production volatility and to develop techniques and procedures for calculating the number of losses due to systemic risks. The analysis is based on grain yield and price data adjusted for inflation, trends, and acreage in the northern grain-producing region of Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2017. This study presents a method for determining the proportion of systemic and idiosyncratic risk in variations in agricultural production volume. Using a method based on the beta factor can significantly reduce subjectivism and prevent exploitation when assessing and compensating farmers for damages resulting from adverse natural phenomena. The authors believe this is the first study to examine the impact of systemic and idiosyncratic risks on the volatility of production volumes in the grain industry under specific economic conditions in emerging markets.

Variation in Composition of Biologically Active Substances in Flowers and Leaves of Achillea asiatica Serg. Plants Depending on the Region of Habitat

Composition of biologically active substances in methanol extracts from the flowers and leaves of Achillea asiatica Serg. plants was examined in representatives of native flora from Siberia and Kazakhstan growing in different regions of Russia (Kemerovo and Khakasiya) and Kazakhstan. Gas chromatography integrated with mass spectrometry and used for analysis of the extracts from flowers and leaves showed considerable differences in the composition and content of mono-, sesqui-, and oxygen-containing terpenoid compounds associated with the region of occurrence. In the examined samples, antioxidant activity in the extracts from flowers of A. asiatica was much greater than in the extracts from leaves. Antioxidant efficiency of the extracts predominantly depends on phenol compounds that do not belong to terpenes. Phytochemical analysis of three samples of A. asiatica taken from different natural habitats showed a pronounced variation in the composition of biologically active substances and their antioxidant activity. This may account for a different medicinal effect of collected A. asiatica grass.

Study of features of influenza virus circulation in the southern region of Kazakhstan during the 2021 epidemic season

Influenza viruses are among the most prevalent infectious agents, leading to massive seasonal epidemics and pandemics with high mortality rates. The ability of influenza virus to antigenic variability determines the high population susceptibility, wide spread of infection, and short intervals between epidemics. In recent years, the co-circulation of influenza viruses that belong to A/H1N1pdm09 and A/ H3N2 subtypes and influenza type B virus has been observed. Here we summarize the data we explored to establish the features of the influenza virus circulation in the southern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To conduct virological and serological studies, 590 biosamples were collected from sick patients (419 swabs and 171 blood serums). Influenza type A virus RNA was found in 39 (9.31%) samples including that of A/H1N1pdm09 virus in 15 (3.58%), A/H3N2 virus in 23 (5.49%). It has also been noted that isolates A/Almaty/10/21 and A/Almaty/15/21 were profiled by the antigenic formula A/H3N2. The results of virological, serological, and molecular genetic studies confirm the simultaneous circulation of influenza A viruses (H1N1pdm09 and H3N2), and influenza type B virus. Some thoughts on the current scenario as well as implications for the future are presented as well.

FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE BASED ON WASTE FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS AND METALLURGICAL ENTERPRISES EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION

The relevance of industrial processing of waste from thermal power engineering and mining and metallurgical complex (MMC) enterprises in order to obtain effective concrete is due to the need to obtain building materials with improved characteristics and low cost, on the one hand, and the problem of catastrophic volumes and condition of man-made waste stored in the East Kazakhstan region, - with another. The purpose of the article is to analyze methods for producing effective fine-grained concrete solutions with the addition of waste from thermal power engineering and mining enterprises located in Eastern Kazakhstan. The article describes the features and scope of application of fine-grained concrete mortars. The need, possibilities and prospects for using technogenic waste for the production of building materials, products and structures have been studied. Compositions of fine-grained concrete were selected based on technogenic raw materials - ash and slag waste and metallurgical slag. The study showed that the introduction of fly ash and metallurgical slag into concrete improves the physical and mechanical properties of products with significant savings in cement. The applicability of the studied technogenic raw materials in fine-grained concrete has been proven, resulting in a wide range of applications for the material. The study showed that based on the obtained indicators of strength, frost resistance, abrasion, corrosion resistance, resistance to alternate wetting and drying and other improved characteristics, these concretes can be recommended for the production of small-piece concrete products (curbs, artificial paving stones, paving slabs, side stones, facing slabs, concrete tiles, etc.) and in road construction. The mobility of fine-grained concrete mortar allows it to be used for sealing seams and cracks in monolithic concrete and in the installation of reinforced cement structures, including large ones. A significant environmental effect from the processing of technogenic deposits in the East Kazakhstan region is shown.

Research of clay raw materials of South Kazakhstan for thermal insulating keramzit production

This article is devoted to the study of clay raw materials of South Kazakhstan region. In particular, the article presents the chemical and granulometric compositions, as well as the physical and technical properties of clays, for determination of a possible ways of using of fusible and bentonite clays of montmorillonite and colloidal composition for the further production of thermal insulating expanded clays. During the research, the selected clay samples were subjected to modern physicochemical studies, in particular chemical, granulometric, scanning electron microscopic, differential thermal and X-ray phase studies. Based on the results of physicochemical studies, it was established that the clay of the Badam deposit is finely dispersed, the sum of the main compounds SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 is 80.61-84.29% and is represented by a number of minerals - montmorillonite, sodium feldspar and hydromica.

Component composition and biological activity of essential oil of plant Zinnia elegans

By the method of steam distillation, samples of essential oil were obtained from a plant cultivated in the East Kazakhstan region. The essential oil was obtained with a yield in terms of air-dry raw materials. The method of gas-liquid chromatography carried out a quantitative analysis of the components of the essential oil. The quantitative content of essential oil components was calculated from the areas of gas chromatographic peaks without using correction factors. The main components of Zinnia elegans essential oil are α-terpineol, β-myrcene, myrtenal and camphene. Terpineol has a pleasant, lilac-like odor and is a common ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and fragrances. Pleasant smelling oily liquid. Myrcene has a large number of beneficial properties for the body, whether pure or in aromatherapy through the essential oils that contain it: Sedative and muscle relaxant, anti-inflammatory, interferon inhibition, gastric and duodenal ulcers, antalgic and antinociceptive, reduces sensitivity to pain by self-healing endogenous derivatives of morphine. Myrtenal - has an anti-inflammatory, resolving effect on acne, infiltrates. Increases the protective barrier of the epidermis. Antioxidant, rejuvenating. Camphene components are effective in the treatment of fungal, viral and bacterial infections that affect the respiratory system.

Use of natural material (flask) of the Taskalinsky deposit of the West Kazakhstan region to obtain thermal insulation material

Modern construction market is experiencing a shortage of highly efficient thermal insulation materials. Alkali-silicate raw mixtures in combination with high-performance fillers currently make it possible to create porous heat-insulating materials with unique properties: rigid cellular structure, specified geometric dimensions and shape, low thermal conductivity, incombustibility, high processability, environmental friendliness, etc. at a relatively low cost. The use of such heat-insulating materials in construction allows solving the problems of energy saving, accessibility and cost-effectiveness. The article considers possibility of obtaining heat-insulating material based on sodium silicate (silicate glue "Polipax") and natural material - flasks from Taskalinsky deposit of West Kazakhstan region. Technical characteristics of Polypax glue are given. Using a scanning electron microscope, elemental, chemical, and oxide compositions of the flask were studied. A recipe for a heat-insulating composite material (HCM) has been compiled.To assess the quality of the obtained HCM, its physical and mechanical characteristics were determined: density, water resistance, thermal conductivity, strength. Samples I-II in terms of density and strength showed the best results, and samples III-IV differ slightly from the technical conditions in terms of the studied indicators. It has been determined that the obtained HCM using flask as filler has a positive effect on the performance properties of the heat-insulating material, and is also economically viable, because local raw materials are used. Thus, it is possible to use flask from Taskalinsky deposit of West Kazakhstan region as filler for heat-insulating material.

Gridded livestock density database and spatial trends for Kazakhstan

Livestock rearing is a major source of livelihood for food and income in dryland Asia. Increasing livestock density (LSKD) affects ecosystem structure and function, amplifies the effects of climate change, and facilitates disease transmission. Significant knowledge and data gaps regarding their density, spatial distribution, and changes over time exist but have not been explored beyond the county level. This is especially true regarding the unavailability of high-resolution gridded livestock data. Hence, we developed a gridded LSKD database of horses and small ruminants (i.e., sheep & goats) at high-resolution (1 km) for Kazakhstan (KZ) from 2000–2019 using vegetation proxies, climatic, socioeconomic, topographic, and proximity forcing variables through a random forest (RF) regression modeling. We found high-density livestock hotspots in the south-central and southeastern regions, whereas medium-density clusters in the northern and northwestern regions of KZ. Interestingly, population density, proximity to settlements, nighttime lights, and temperature contributed to the efficient downscaling of district-level censuses to gridded estimates. This database will benefit stakeholders, the research community, land managers, and policymakers at regional and national levels.

Mapping the Biodiversity of the Arid Regions of Kazakhstan with an Evaluation of the Efficiency of its Territorial Protection

Mapping the Biodiversity of the Arid Regions of Kazakhstan with an Evaluation of the Efficiency of its Territorial Protection

Kazakhstani In-Service Schoolteachers’ Perceptions of Differentiated Learning in Heterogeneous EFL Classrooms

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, it is necessary to create a new model of a teacher and learner to provide global competitiveness. This study aims to explore Kazakhstani in-service English as a foreign language teachers’ perception of awareness, implementation, and managing differentiated learning, lesson planning, and designing in heterogeneous English as a second language classrooms. The present study was done during the academic year 2020-2021 among the in-service English as a foreign language teacher from three regions of Kazakhstan, namely, Astana City, Kokshetau City, and Akmola Oblast (district). The participants’ work experience ranged from 2 to 20 years and included 82 female (79.6%) and 21 male (20.4%). The data were collected via a Google Form questionnaire and interviews. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency and percentage gained from the questionnaire and interpretation of interview results. All results were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The result has confirmed that the Kazakhstani in-service English as a foreign language teacher is aware of differentiated learning as an effective strategy in catering to students’ differences in the classroom. The results of the study have shown that 90% of Kazakhstani English as a foreign language teachers who participated in this study support the idea of using the differentiated learning approach in heterogeneous classrooms, as they agree that differentiated learning contributes to an increase in motivation and quality knowledge and make the English language learning enjoyable and accessible; however, lesson planning and preparation of study materials for differentiated learning in heterogeneous class is troublesome. The study discovered that a considerable number of English as foreign language teachers still struggle in applying the differentiated learning approach due to some factors such as large workload, lack of knowledge, insufficient training, large class sizes in the class, shortage of funding, and shortage of facilities for differentiated instruction.

Species Diversity of Zooplankton of Small Steppe Lakes of the Northern Part of Kazakhstan

The inland waters of Northern Kazakhstan are important components of the ecosystems of this region and have unique characteristics. Endorheic steppe lakes are important ecosystems with significant ecological value. They play an important role in maintaining biodiversity, they provide water resources for living organisms, they serve as breeding and migration sites for various animal species, and their zooplankton communities have a key role in the trophic web of these waters. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to study the diversity of zooplankton communities in some small steppe lakes in the northern part of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar, Kostanay, North Kazakhstan, and Akmola regions), which have different environmental conditions. Sampling to study the species diversity of zooplankton in the steppe water bodies of Northern Kazakhstan was carried out from 13 areas, 12 of which are plain lakes, and 1 of which is a reservoir, and sampling was performed in 2021 and 2022 during in the spring, summer, and autumn periods. Within the research period of 2021–2022, between 6 and 36 species of zooplankton were found in small steppe lakes. A total of 92 taxa were found. Rotifers (46 taxa) were found to have the richest number of species representatives. Cladocera were represented by 21 taxa, and Copepods by 25 taxa. All studied steppe lakes in the northern part of Kazakhstan are characterized by high specificity in terms of taxonomic composition, since the similarity indices did not exceed 0.632. According to cluster analysis, the studied samples of water bodies are divided into five clusters, in which lakes with a relatively similar taxonomic composition are combined. The halophile species (e.g., Arctodiaptomus salinarus) indicate water salinization. Our results confirm the applicability of the use of zooplankton in assessing water quality and the current ecological state of aquatic ecosystems.