Regions Of Kazakhstan Research Articles

Prospects for the Development of Duck Breeding in the West Kazakhstan Region

Prospects for the Development of Duck Breeding in the West Kazakhstan Region

Addressing data gaps in environmental sensors: a case study on temporal patterns and restoration strategies in East Kazakhstan region

Nowadays, the monitoring systems embedded with diverse sensors within the Internet of Things play an important role in how we collect data and provide in-depth insights into human behavior, environmental trends, and different industrial processes. These sensors can gather data in real-time and due to their ability to connect through various communication interfaces, it is possible to integrate such devices into existing networks ensuring that data can be transmitted in real-time to central systems or mobile devices. However, many factors such as connectivity issues, severe weather, and sensor faults, might cause missing data, thus leading to poor decision-making. In this study, an in-depth analysis was performed on environmental meteorological data collected from May 2022 to March 2023 in the East Kazakhstan region using Vaisala WXT536 multi-parameter weather sensor. The data restoration strategy that is based on the duration of data gaps is evaluated. For short-term gaps under 30 minutes in duration, the mean and median imputation achieved higher results with a root mean squared error of 0.25 for temperature than training Random Forest algorithm which achieved 3.59, while for the extended periods of missing values, the Long Short-Term Memory model was utilized with 2.47 for the temperature. The main goal of the research is to analyze the temporal patterns of missing data and potential reasons for these failures as well as to evaluate the data restoration strategies.

Assessment of raw material reserves of promising medicinal plants in the territory of Western Altai in Eastern Kazakhstan

The results of resource studies of economically valuable species of medicinal plants of the Western Altai (East Kazakhstan region) growing on the territory of 7 forestry municipal state institutions (FMSI) are presented: Zyryanovsk, Ridder, Pikhtovskoye, Cheremshanskoye, Malubinskoye, Verkh-Ubinskoye and Ust-Kamenogorsk. Western Altai occupies the right bank of the Irtysh, includes the interfluve of the Uba, Bukhtarma and Narym and is represented by a system of mountain ranges in the northern part of the Kazakhstan Altai. The operational reserves and volumes of possible procurement of raw materials of 8 species of medicinal plants were taken into account. For specific thickets of sites or model samples, raw material reserves were recorded. Traditional geobotanical methods were used to describe plant communities involving resource objects. For four species, the presence of commercial thickets with a supply of air-dried raw materials was established. from 300 to 2000 tons: Veratrum lobelianum, Sanguisorba officinalis, Filipendula ulmaria, Epilobium angustifolium. For other species, raw material reserves varied from 1 to 65 tons: Aconitum leucostomum, Inula helenium, Achillea millefolium, Bupleurum multinerve. The raw material base of the identified species of medicinal plants in the territory East Kazakhstan region is able to meet the needs of the domestic pharmaceutical industry.

Hydrodynamic studies of well No 32 the southern section of the Chinarev field of the West Kazakhstan Region

The article analyzes the factors influencing the development of high-quality and cost-effective oil and gas reserves in the region (assessment, design). In order to operate wells, directions for calculating the size of reserves have been found. Scientific and technical trends of its (wells) development are considered. A comprehensive analysis of integrated surveys was carried out at well No.32 of the Chinarevsk oil and gas condensate field, located in the southern section of the district. Hydrodynamic studies were carried out by interpreting the pressure recovery curve (PRC) to determine reservoir pressure, porosity and reservoir properties of the reservoir and the state of the bottom whole zone. These studies confirmed the low porosity properties of the reservoir: permeability - 0.004 μm2, conductivity - 0.056 μm2*m, hydraulic conductivity - 0.055 μm2*m/mPa*s. The skin factor varied in the range from -0.92 to 18.4, which indicates deterioration in the state of the bottom hole formation zone.

On the state of the environment and natural environment of the East Kazakhstan region

The article analyzes the state of the environment in the East Kazakhstan region. The authors, having analyzed official sources, showed that as a result of the restoration of production volumes at non-ferrous metallurgy and thermal power enterprises, there is an increase in emissions of hazardous waste by individual enterprises in this industry into the environment. In the atmospheric air of large industrial cities and towns in the region, maximum permissible concentrations of lead, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, phenol, formaldehyde and other components are observed to be exceeded. The authors emphasize that mining enterprises have a negative impact on the state of water resources and the unsatisfactory technical condition of sewer networks and treatment facilities, which leads to bacterial contamination of water sources, including sources of drinking water supply. The authors also discuss the state of forest resources and wildlife in the region. The conclusion that was done by the authors – there is a real threat of environmental pollution from waste from non-ferrous metallurgy and mining enterprises in the region and at the present moment.

ЛАНДШАФТНО-ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ПАСТБИЩНЫХ ЛАНДШАФТОВ ЗАПАДНО-КАЗАХСТАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН

Studying the floristic composition and dynamics of vegetation in pasture landscapes is of great importance. Pasture landscapes serve as a resource for livestock development, where processes of overgrazing and undergrazing, depletion of their flora, and reduced productivity of phytocenoses are currently observed. Studying the plant communities of pasture landscapes is relevant because assessing the condition of pasture landscapes and developing land management and ameliorative measures for them contribute to increasing their productivity and preserving landscapes as a whole. The natural fodder lands of the western part of the territory of the Zhanibek and Kaztal districts of the West Kazakhstan region served as the object of the study. The current state of natural pastures and hayfields has been studied, and a landscape-typological classification of pasture landscapes of the research objects has been compiled. Materials from geobotanical surveys have been analyzed. A modern landscape-typological classification of pasture landscapes has been developed, which combines 2 classes of pastures (semi-desert-steppe pastures on light-chestnut and saline soils and steppe pastures on chestnut soils), 4 subclasses of pastures (plain-flat, slightly inclined plane, slightly inclined plane with slightly dissected gully networks, gully-flat), and 14 groups of pasture landscapes, each with a brief description. Within the research objects, 14 groups of pasture landscapes have been identified with descriptions of characteristic plant communities and predominant soils. Natural pasture landscapes have been studied using field and satellite methods. It is recommended to use them as summer-autumn-spring pastures for coarse-haired and fine-haired sheep breeds, large horned cattle, horses, and saigas, and as winter pastures for horses and saigas.

DESALINATION OF SYRDARYA WATER BY POLYAMIDE (PA) MEMBRANES

South Kazakhstan water is an important source of drinking water in an increasingly scarce world. An adequate integrated assessment of water quality from the point of view of its suitability for human use therefore remains a pressing issue. The purpose of this work is to assess water quality using nano-filtration methods, using the example of the South Kazakhstan is- Syrdarya River, and their suitability for use by the population. The main advantage of nano-filtration methods is the production of better-quality water without harmful bacteriological and microbial contamination. Determination of the water permeability index, sodium, magnesium adsorption coefficients, microelement content, cation, and anionic composition. The results showed that the main pollutants of the Syrdarya River in the studied region were sulfates, nitrites, copper, and magnesium. Sulfate content 548 mg/l (5.5 MPC), nitrite 0.028 mg/l (1.4 MPC), copper 0.003 mg/l (3.0 MPC) and magnesium 71.5 mg/l (1.8 MPC). The results of the after purification of in a membrane apparatus in the absence of toxic substances of the third and fourth hazard classes, as well as odor and taste, points no more than 1-2, the biological demand for oxygen is reduced by 92, 5%, and the chemical oxygen demand is reduced by 100%. The results of water purification of the Syrdarya rivers in a membrane apparatus in percentages: nitrites 84%, nitrate 15%, sulfates 84%, mineralization 95%, and the odor and taste index is zero, which meets sanitary and hygienic requirements and is suitable for sustainable use as drinking water in the South Kazakhstan region. The system guarantees the removal of up to 99% or higher of inorganic salts, up to 99.5% of organic substances, and 100% removal of bacteria and viruses.

Анализ уровня экологической компетентности учителей биологии Северо-Казахстанской области

The article presents an analysis of the level of environmental competence of biology teachers in the North Kazakhstan region. The relevance of the research is due to the need to form the environmental competence of teachers in order to achieve sustainable development of society and the economy in education and the transfer of environmental knowledge. The method used was a sociological survey using an Internet resource on the Google platform. As a result of the study, data were obtained that most teachers need to improve their knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of ecology, since this integrative indicator characterizing teachers is considered as a separate component of their professional activity. In turn, it influences the transfer of acquired environmental competencies to students through the implementation of educational activities during biology training. Environmental education should become a universal part of education, first of all, so that every teacher has environmental competence in the face of growing demand for natural resources, taking into account the careful attitude and transfer of clean air, genetic biodiversity and soil fertility to future generations.

НЕКОТОРЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ТРУДА И ТРУДОВОЙ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ НА ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ КАЗАХСКОЙ ССР В ВОЕННЫЕ ГОДЫ (1941-1945 ГГ.)

Labour was one of the key aspects of the relationship between power and society in the Soviet Union. The ideology of a conscious attitude to labour was an important component of socialist working discipline. However, with the outbreak of World War II and the challenges it posed, including economic crisis, starvation and devastation, the problems of labour discipline in the work collectives became more pronounced. Under wartime conditions, workers were sometimes forced to take extraordinary measure to solve their problems. Despite the fact that the orders and decrees of the Soviet leadership testify to the strict regulation of the life of Soviet society on the home front, violations of labour discipline expose many structural problems of the Soviet system of management. Numerous forms of labour discipline violations were documented at industrial enterprises during the war. The study of the peculiarities and problems of labour organization at enterprises evacuated to Kazakhstan provides an opportunity to understand the nature and features of the functioning of the Soviet mobilisation system within the war years. The study of labour discipline of workers at defence enterprises during the war also allows us to go beyond established ideological frameworks. The main group of sources includes documents extracted from the fonds of the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (AP RK), the State Archive of Western Kazakhstan Region (GAZKO), the State Archive of Almaty city (GA Almaty).

GASTRIC CANCER: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT

Relevance: Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous group of malignant epithelial tumors arising from the cells of the gastric mucosa, one of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms in many countries of the world. But, despite repeated attempts, there are no convincing approaches to early large-scale (screening) detection technology for this form of cancer. This causes a high rate of late detection of advanced forms of gastric cancer in most countries of the world, a high one-year mortality rate of patients, and a low five-year survival rate. Currently, full screening for gastric cancer is carried out only in Japan, Korea, and China – countries with high incidence rates.
 The study aimed to assess the epidemiologically disadvantaged regions of Kazakhstan for cancer to select optimal early detection techniques to improve the treatment results.
 Methods:For the analysis, we used available epidemiological indicators on GC from the specialized literature, data obtained from annual reporting forms No. 7, approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in the country code (ICD 10 – C16), publications with statistical and analytical materials on Kazakhstan. Morbidity and mortality rates were calculated based on data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan website on the average annual population by region of Kazakhstan.
 Results: A long-term decrease in the incidence and mortality from gastric cancer in Kazakhstan since 2021 has been replaced by a stable increase in the incidence of gastric cancer against the backdrop of a high frequency of advanced forms, relatively high mortality, and low fiveyear survival of patients. At the same time, there is experience in the world of certain approaches to screening the population for early detection of gastric cancer.
 Conclusion: The high morbidity of gastric cancer in most regions of the country in recent years requires the search and development of optimal forms of screening for its early detection; this will reduce mortality from gastric cancer and increase the five-year survival rate of patients.

THE RESULTS OF THE JAPANESE GASTRIC CANCER ASSOCIATION MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION ADAPTATION FOR THE KAZAKH POPULATION

Relevance: Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous group of malignant epithelial tumors arising from the cells of the gastric mucosa, one of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms in many countries of the world. But, despite repeated attempts, there are no convincing approaches to early large-scale (screening) detection technology for this form of cancer. This causes a high rate of late detection of advanced forms of gastric cancer in most countries of the world, a high one-year mortality rate of patients, and a low five-year survival rate. Currently, full screening for gastric cancer is carried out only in Japan, Korea, and China – countries with high incidence rates.
 The study aimed to was a retrospective analysis of literary data on the epidemiology of gastric cancer in the world, individual countries, but, above all, our own materials, summarized by specialists of the Joint Stock Company “Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology” (JSC “KazNIIOiR”) on the situation with cancer stomach in Kazakhstan; analysis of information on the types and results of screenings for the early detection of gastric cancer in the world.
 Methods:For the analysis, we used available epidemiological indicators on GC from the specialized literature, data obtained from annual reporting forms No. 7, approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in the country code (ICD 10 – C16), publications with statistical and analytical materials on Kazakhstan. Morbidity and mortality rates were calculated based on data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan website on the average annual population by region of Kazakhstan.
 Results: A long-term decrease in the incidence and mortality from gastric cancer in Kazakhstan since 2021 has been replaced by a stable increase in the incidence of gastric cancer against the backdrop of a high frequency of advanced forms, relatively high mortality, and low fiveyear survival of patients. At the same time, there is experience in the world of certain approaches to screening the population for early detection of gastric cancer.
 Conclusion: The high morbidity of gastric cancer in most regions of the country in recent years requires the search and development of optimal forms of screening for its early detection; this will reduce mortality from gastric cancer and increase the five-year survival rate of patients.

Features of the Geological Structure and Polymetallic Mineralization of the Uspensky (Central Kazakhstan) and Dalnegorsky (Far East) Ore Districts

Polymetallic deposits of lead and zinc are of great importance in the economy of the developed countries of the world. Kazakhstan is among the world leading countries in terms of reserves and production of lead and zinc. There are large ore regions with polymetallic mineralization; these are the deposits of the Atasu and Uspensky ore regions in Central Kazakhstan. The former are genetically related to the final (taphrogenic) phase of the development of the large orogenic structure in the Central Kazakhstan (the Devonian volcano-plutonic belt), with the period of Late Frasnian-Famenian-Early Carboniferous formations of thick carbonate and carbonate-terrigenous sediments, including significant reserves of stratiform lead-zinc ores. Polymetallic mineralization of the Uspensky zone is singled out as an independent genetic Alaygyr type, and the tectonic nature of the ore-bearing Uspensky zone, as well as mineralization of this type, is still the subject of constant discussions. In this regard, the comparative characteristics of the Dalnegorsky and Uspensky ore regions, which have certain similarities in geodynamics, magmatism and metallogeny, are of great importance not only for solving the issues of the general patterns of formation, factors and criteria for controlling lead-zinc mineralization but also for an objective assessment of the ore potential of these and similar areas with polymetallic mineralization. Research methods: comparative analysis of the results of petrographic, chemical and mineralogical studies of ores enclosing near-ore metasomatically altered rocks and intrusions of different age and composition.

Analysis of Thermal Characteristics of a Solar Heat Supply System With Thermosiphon Circulation

In this paper, the characteristics of the vertical distribution of the thermosiphon in the conditions of the southern region of Kazakhstan are experimentally studied. The design was equipped with several thermocouples for measuring and collecting the provided data using a data logger. The collector temperature has reached 75 °C, and the time to reach the highest temperature is approximately 1.5 hours after the point of limiting the flow of solar radiation. During the sunny period, the temperature of the upper layer of water in the storage tank was 60 °C. This system was demonstrated during the winter days. The measured thermal characteristics of the alignment are in good agreement. At the maximum values of the temperature systems, the average daily efficiency of the system was 52% with the difference between the collector temperature and the ambient temperature. While on other days, the average daily performance of the system is about 50%. The initial temperature in the tank has an impressive effect on the daily return of the system. An increase in the temperature difference between the water temperature and the collector temperature will lead to an increase in the thermal power of the collectors. Compared to other days, the daily efficiency of the system can reach 60% at an initial temperature of 7°.

The influence of social and economic factors on the emergence of inequality in the regions of Kazakhstan

Object: the aim of current study is to analyze the impact of social and economic factors on the emergence of inequality in the regions of Kazakhstan based on the regression analysis.Methods: to achieve the purpose of the study, regression analysis of social and economic factors on the Ginny coefficient was used for four regions of Kazakhstan: Akmola, Aktobe, Karaganda and East Kazakhstan regions. In addition, comparative analysis and statistical analysis were used. Data from the Bureau of National Statistics from 2001 to 2021 were used.Findings: in the case of Akmola, regression analysis shows that the F value of the model is statistically significant (Sig. = 0.017), which indicates that the model matches the data well. The coefficient Akm_PR is also significant, with a positive value of 0.016. This suggests that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the variable Akm_PR and the Gini coefficient (Akm_Gini) in the Akmola region. In the Aktobe region, there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the variable Akt_HCE and the Gini coefficient (Akt_Gini). No statistically significant links were found in Karaganda. And in the East Kazakhstan region there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the variable EKZ_GRP and the Gini coefficient (EKZ_Gini).Conclusions: the study showed that the level of regional inequality varies significantly in different regions of Kazakhstan. East Kazakhstan has the highest level of inequality, while in Akmola, Aktobe and Karaganda regions inequality is more moderate. The results of the regression analysis also showed that the influence of independent variables on the level of inequality varies in different regions.

IMPACT OF THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ON KAZAKHSTANI ENGLISH TEACHERS

The objective of enhancing professional abilities is to elevate the competency and expertise of educators in their respective subject domains or specialized fields. The goal of professional development initiatives is to address to the constantly evolving demands of education by equipping teachers with the most current knowledge and skills necessary to address the shifting requirements of students and society. This study presents the discoveries resulting from the examination of the effects of teacher training programs within the framework of the pedagogical development program developed by the Akmola Region English Language Teachers Association (ARELTA) and the Regional English Language Office of the U.S. Embassy in Astanа. The purpose of the post-training survey was to collect feedback from participants of the teacher training courses regarding the degree to which these courses have genuinely impacted their professional growth and personal advancement. In this research, 325 teachers with varying backgrounds, teaching qualifications, work experiences, and institutional affiliations participated in the post-training survey from different regions of Kazakhstan. Key words: teacher training courses, professional growth, professional skills, innovative teaching approaches, learning activities, impact, methodology, technology, course design, lesson planning.

Мониторинг загрязнения почвенного покрова нефтепродуктами и разработка способа его рекультивации

Introduction. Oil waste has a high degree of toxicity and poses a great danger to humans and to the natural environment as a whole. One of the most acute problems is the negative impact of oily waste. The negative impact of petroleum products on the soil can lead to irreversible changes in the chemical composition, physical biochemical and microbiological properties of the soil, which determine, among other things, its fertility. The main potential sources of soil pollution with oil and petroleum products include ground vehicles, oil storage facilities, oil refining enterprises, as well as transport transporting petroleum products. The study of the physico-chemical properties of ash and slag waste to reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment. In Kazakhstan, as a result of the production activities of a number of large oil-producing enterprises, huge amounts of oil-and-oil soils have accumulated, significantly polluting the environment. The areas of polluted lands continue to increase as a result of emergency oil spills. Therefore, on the territory of the Kumkol oil field, it is very relevant to conduct environmental monitoring of soil pollution and carry out reclamation measures to restore land fertility The purpose of the research. Environmental monitoring in the conditions of development of the Kumkol deposit and the development of an effective technology for the reclamation of contaminated lands through the use of highly effective biological products to reduce the anthropogenic load on the natural environment. Research materials. For the research, samples of smeared soils of various sites of the Kumkol deposit of the Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan were used. Research methods. The choice of soil monitoring methods was carried out taking into account the available sources of pollution and types of soil pollution: chemical, biochemical, biochemical, microbiological, etc. The analysis of existing methods of ecological monitoring of soils shows that due to the high cost and technological complexity, the use of a number of them is limited. Therefore, an effective approach to determine the degree of contamination of soils with petroleum products is the use of bioindication and biotesting methods Research results and discussion. As a result of the environmental monitoring, the technology of recultivation of polluted lands was developed using a biological product obtained by composting rice husks with the help of aerobic and anaerobic soil microorganisms. The scientific novelty of the proposed method of recultivation of contaminated soils is confirmed by the patent of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which confirms the scientific and practical significance of the work. The results of the research can be useful in the reclamation of oil-contaminated lands in other regions and the restoration of their vegetation cover. Conclusion. The monitoring of soil pollution by oil and petroleum products shows that the main potential sources include ground transportation facilities, oil storage facilities, oil refineries and transport, which first brings petroleum products. The developed technology of biorecultivation, firstly, reduces the anthropogenic load on the soil surface due to the biodegradation of oil spills, and, secondly, at the same time, the disposal of spilled oil in the form of vermicompost is carried out. In the work, for the first time on the basis of the application of a new technology for the reclamation of contaminated land resources using a biological product obtained from waste of plant and food origin, a new approach to the problem of utilization of oil-contaminated soils and restoration of their fertility, with the production of vermicompost, is proposed. Suggestions for practical application. A new approach to the problem of utilization of oil-contaminated soils and restoration of their fertility, with the production of vermicompost, is proposed, which can be useful in solving environmental problems in other oil-producing regions of Kazakhstan.

Poverty reduction as a factor of ensuring food security in Kazakhstan

Object: One of the key factors of economic security is the economic availability of food. This directly affects the problem of poverty reduction. Today, in Kazakhstan, the decline in real incomes of the population threatens the possibility of meeting the need for high-quality nutrition of citizens. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of poverty in Kazakhstan and develop measures to reduce it.Methods: The research methods were: systematic, the method of economic and statistical data processing, expert evaluation, the method of multidimensional comparative analysis of the level of poverty in the context of the regions of Kazakhstan and the republic as a whole.Findings: It is revealed that Kazakhstan ranks 32nd in the ranking of 113 countries in the world on food security. This is largely determined by the decrease in the availability of food products as a result of the lagging income of the population from the increase in food prices. The decrease in the economic availability of food occurs as a result of the increase in poverty indicators. The methodology for assessing poverty based on the consumer basket does not reflect the real picture and needs to be adjusted. The underestimation of the subsistence minimum directly determines the amount of social payments from the state budget for vulnerable segments of the population, which further aggravates the growth of the number of poor.Conclusions: Based on the analysis, a number of recommendations aimed at combating poverty, including organizational, legislative and financial instruments, are presented. In particular, it is proposed to revise the methodology for assessing the consumer basket; set the poverty line by the subsistence minimum, as is customary in most countries and recommended by international experts; develop state programs to promote youth employment; increase the responsibility of local executive bodies for the implementation of employment programs and the development of regional employment centers.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the “Green” Growth Policy Pursued at the Regional Level in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The purpose of the article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the "green" growth policy pursued at the regional level. An analysis of various approaches to assessing the sustainability of the socio-economic development of the region is presented. To achieve this purpose, a comprehensive methodology was used, considering territorial factors and sectoral conditions for the development of the regions. Domestic and foreign experience in assessing the sustainability and effectiveness of the territory development were analyzed. Existing methods for assessing the region stability are studied. An integral indicator of sustainable development of the region is calculated, which includes indicators of economic, environmental, and social sustainability. The typology of Kazakhstan regions has been carried out according to the level of their environmental and economic development for the purposes of developing an effective environmental and innovation policy. It has been proved that the list of socio-economic indicators used in the calculation of the integral index makes it possible to determine with a sufficient degree of certainty the effectiveness of the ongoing regional development policy from the standpoint of observing the principles of "green" growth. It has been revealed that the modern model of socio-economic development of the country and its regions requires further efforts to develop adequate indicators of "green" development that consider economic, social and environmental components in a balanced way. The empirical conclusions of the work can find practical application in the process of developing an effective environmental and economic regional policy.

Slavic layer of toponyms for Beskaragay, Borodulikha and Shemonaikha districts of East Kazakhstan: linguistic aspect in the context of regional world outlook

The article discusses the toponyms related to the Beskaragay, Borodulikha, and Shemonaikha districts of the East Kazakhstan region. By considering the notions of toponymic space, system, and worldview, the authors study toponymy from linguo-regional, linguo-cognitive, and ethnolinguistic aspects. The toponymy of the given districts is touched upon as a part of the whole toponymic system of Kazakhstan, with its own specifics defined by geographical location, settlement history, and the ethnographic state of the region. The authors highlight the origin and semantic structure of the toponymes under consideration. The nominations are systematized in accordance with their etymological, derivational, and semantic features. As the article refers to toponymic studies, it draws certain conclusions on the contribution of toponymy to the development of modern humanitarian science.

THE IMPACT OF SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL TOURISM ON A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF STUDENTS

Being in a natural environment with favorable conditions, in combination with dosed physical activity, contributes to the healing of the body and is a kind of active rest and a means of attracting to engage in physical activity. This postulate is based on the position that within the framework of any movement in the natural environment, a person has a load on certain muscle groups, which means rest activity. In addition, preparation for long trips is based on periodic physical education classes, in which the necessary physical form is formed. Organized trips allow you to visit different regions of Kazakhstan, see the diversity of natural areas and the way of life of the population. Face real challenges and overcome them and yourself. In addition, sports and recreational tourism is an evidence - based means of substitution and is a tool for combating antisocial phenomena, including drug addiction, testing the self- mprovement, physical, psychological and volitional qualities of a person. Pedestrian, water, Mountain, Ski, equestrian, speleo, velo, Auto-Moto, sailing, each of these types is unique and allows you to improve any of the listed routes.