Red Steppe Research Articles

The quality of the sperm of red breeds bulls of OAO Barnaulskoe breeding enterprise and its resistance to cryopreservation

The characteristic of bulls-producers of red breeds of OAO Barnaulskoe breeding enterprise on the quality of sperm and its resistance to cryopreservation are presented. The breeding enterprise has examined samples of water, soil, feed for the content of heavy metals. In the studied samples, no excess of the LOC was found. The research results were processed on a PC using population statistics methods. Angler bulls produced the largest amount of ejaculates unsuitable for cryopreservation. It is 20.6%. According to this indicator, they surpassed the producers of red Danish and red steppe breeds by 4.1-7.8%. The animals of the latter breed showed the smallest amount (1.7%) of ejaculates rejected after defrost. In Angler bulls, this indicator was 5.95%, in red Danish bulls it was 2.95%, which is 3.52 and 1.75 times higher than in red steppe breeders (P <0.01-0.001). Significant differences were established between individual bulls of the red steppe breed in the number of ejaculates rejected before cryopreservation (2.84-22.29%) and after defrost (0-7.09%). The differences between breeds in the frequency of rejected ejaculates before freezing and after cryopreservation indicate a certain role of heredity in the resistance of animals for these indicators. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between these traits was 0.312. It indicates the possibility of preliminary assessment and selection of bulls according to the first indicator. But the final assessment of the bull-producers can be made by the frequency of rejected ejaculates after thawing. We propose to consider the issue of additional accounting in breeding programs for the resistance of the seed of bulls-producers to cryopreservation.

Comparative evaluation of selections groups for milking of full-age cows of various breeds

An assessment of the cow population based on exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups identified by the level of milk yield was carried out. It is established that the selection parameters for the yield of milk in the breeding group of Mature cows of Simmental breed in Novosibirsk region for black-motley breed on 15% exceeds the requirements of the standard, red steppe -17.9, Simmental Khakassia - 23.5 %. The analysis of interbreeding differences by breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed significantly outperform their peers of other breeds in terms of chest width behind the shoulder blades, chest girth, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed have superiority in live weight, width in makloks, oblique length of the trunk, oblique length of the back, fat content of milk, milk fat. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region surpass their peers in height at the withers, and simmentals of Khakassia are the leaders in height at the rump, chest depth, waist circumference, and exterior assessment. The assessment of the division of animals of the evaluated breeds into breeding groups by milk yield allows us to note that the leadership of the black-and-white breed is not so obvious among plentiful individuals. Cows of breeding groups of red steppe and Simmental breeds have the same productivity with black-and-white milk yield and milk yield index, and red steppe cows surpass their peers in milkfat content and milk fat. The selection of groups by milk yield showed the consolidation of the black-and-white breed by productive and exterior characteristics. The red steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. their breeding groups closely approach the analogues of the black-and-white breed in terms of milk production.

Phenotypic features of black and red dairy cattle populations in the Siberian region

The surveys have identified features of the exterior for 742 breeding cows of black-motley and red steppe breed in the Omsk region conditions. It was found that black motley cows are larger than peers of the red steppe breed are; these differences are 4.7 cm in height at the withers, 8.3 cm - in chest circumference, 1.4 cm and 5.6 cm - in width at the shoulders and ischial tubercles respectively. The studying animals received 83–84 points for the general type of development, which corresponds to the assessment “B+”. The average daily milk yield of black motley cows was 24.1 kg with an average milk flow rate of 2.24 kg / min. Red steppe cows' average daily milk yield is lower by 2.0 kg and it is about 22.1 kg, the milk flow rate is lower by 0.36 kg / min than for cows of the black motley breed. Phenotypic features of the two cows’ dairy cattle populations of the Siberian region characterize it like animals with the correct exterior, severe forms of milk and able to exhibit a high milk productivity in the conditions of modern milk production technologies. Phenotypic exterior evaluation of the broodstock reveals all the necessary provisions for potentially high-yielding offspring.

DIGESTIBILITY OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF BULLS WITH A REDUCTION OF THE AMOUNT OF SOLUBLE PROTEIN IN THE DIET

On the bulls of red steppe breed with duodenal and ileocecal cannulas when feeding iso-enery and isoprotein diets with different amounts of soluble protein (SP) and degradable protein (DP) studied conversions of dry matter (DМ), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) separately in the complex stomach, small (SI) and large (LI) parts of the intestine. Evaluated the nitrogen balance by the amount of protein absorbed into the SI, the losses of nitrogen with urine – by the proportion of urea nitrogen. The diet consisted of awnless bonfire hay, pea deer, and mineral supplements. Various amounts of SP in the diets were achieved by feeding natural pea dough (control) and roasted pea dough at a temperature of 105°C (experiment). In a compound stomach, the digestibility CP on the experimental diet with a reduced level of SP was by 10 % less. In the control diet with a high level of SP is more in SI received of ammonia nitrogen. In SI digestibility of DM and OM on the experimental diet are by 8–10 % more. Amounts of DM, OM and CP in LI on a control diet decreased by 5.6–7.5 %, in the experimental diet – not changed. On an experimental diet with an increased level of NSP, the SI received more nitrogen and was digested by 10 % more than in the control. The calculated nitrogen balance according to the classical scheme did not reflect the true amount of it assimilated in the body. On the control diet with an increased level of SP, there was the devaluation of the protein in the feeds and oblasting due to the larger release in urea by 40 % of the nitrogen in the form of urea.

Milk productivity of modern red steppe cattle in the Omsk region

Milk productivity of modern red steppe cattle in the Omsk region

The influence of the foundation stock (the improving breed) on the phenotypic characteristics of the red steppe cattle

The influence of the foundation stock (the improving breed) on the phenotypic characteristics of the red steppe cattle

Assessment of selection groups of mature cows of various breeds, differentiated by milk fat

The assessment of black-and-white, red steppe, and Simmental cattle, differentiated by milk fat was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of the breeding group for milk fat in adult black-and-white cows are at least 179 kg, red steppe - 186, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region - 143, the Republic of Khakassia - 176 kg. Cows of the red steppe breeding group are leading in productivity. Their milk fat index is 216.8 kg (P ≥ 0.95). In animals of the black-and-white breed, the milk fat productivity is 193.2 kg. In the Simmental Republic of Khakassia it is 193.8, in the Novosibirsk region - 163.5 kg. Analysis of interbreed differences in cows of breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed surpass their peers in chest width behind the shoulder blades, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed are the best in milk fat, live weight, width in shanks, oblique body length, oblique rear length, chest girth, milk fat content. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region lead over their peers in height at the withers, and Simmental cows in Khakassia - in height at the sacrum, chest depth, cannon girth, assessment of the exterior. Evaluation of the production groups of animals for milk fat allows to note that the selection group of the black-and-white breed, despite the superiority in milk yield, is inferior to the peers of the red steppe and Simmental in terms of the evaluated character. However, the cows of the black-and-white breed of the production group surpass their peers in milk fat and most other signs. The formation of breeding groups for milk fat enables to note the consolidation of the black-and-white breed in terms of productive and exterior characteristics. The Red Steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. These breeding groups are worthy of competing with the contemporaries of the black-andwhite breed in milk fat productivity.

Influence of the Amyrasol R-Z mineral lick briquette on biochemical parameters of blood in dairy cowsInfluence of the Amyrasol R-Z mineral lick briquette on biochemical parameters of blood in dairy cow

The data obtained as a result of the use of a mineral lick briquette Amirasol R-Z in the diets of dairy cows are analyzed in the article. Authors studied the influence of the mineral lick briquette Amirasol R-Z on the biochemical parameters and milk productivity of dairy cows. The experiments were carried out on dairy cows of the red steppe breed in the conditions of the plain zone of the Republic of Dagestan. Two groups of dairy cows were formed (10 heads in each). According to the scheme of the experiment, the control group received a basic diet, the experimental group received the basic diet and the mineral lick briquette Amirasol R-Z. Each cow of the experimental group was given individually one lick briquette in a dose of 4 kg during 90 days. Researches and data processing were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Blood was taken from the experimental animals from the jugular vein for laboratory studies at the end of the experiment. The milk productivity and fat content of milk were taken into account by carrying out monthly control milk yields. At the same time, the positive effect of a lick briquette on the biochemical parameters of blood has been proven: reserve alkalinity, glucose, macro- and microelements, the activity of the copper-containing enzyme ceruloplasmin and milk productivity. A significant increase in the blood of glucose concentration by 12.93% in the cows of the experimental group, the level of reserve alkalinity by 17.66%, the concentration of macroelements and microelements, milk productivity by 5.7%, milk fat by 2.77% compared with the control group. The use of the mineral lick briquette Amirasol R-Z in the diets of dairy cows helps to prevent macro- and microelementoses, increase milk productivity, milk fat content, nonspecific immunity and obtain of healthy calves.

Evaluation of the efficiency of production of meat products for herodietic nutrition using beef produced from cross-bred Kazakh white-headed bulls

The article is devoted to the development of functional meat food products made from beef obtained from crossbred steers when crossing red steppe cows with Kazakh white-headed bulls. The possibility of introducing a biologically active additive in the form of lactulose powder, as well as vitamins and minerals into the recipe of ham products is considered. To conduct research, raw meat-beef - was obtained from cross-bred steers of the same blood type on the Kazakh white-headed breed (PZK named after Lenin of the Surovikinsky district of the Volgograd region). At the same time, 3 samples of meat raw materials were selected in five-fold repeatability. The highest quality indicators were obtained by introducing lactulose in combination with ascorbic acid and calcium citrate into the recipe of sausage products. The economic efficiency of meat production is also higher for this recipe.

The effectiveness of crossing Red steppe cattle with Anglers in order to increase the meat productivity of crossbreeds

The article highlights the results of scientific experience in studying the meat productivity of cross-breeding red steppe bulls with genotypes 1/2,3/4 and 7/8 in Angler breed in comparison with pure-bred red steppe bulls. In the course of a complex of scientific research and chemical analyzes, it was found that thanks to the use of Angler breed, it is possible to obtain highly productive young cattle that are superior in quantitative and qualitative indicators of productivity to pure-bred red steppe cattle.

Problems of adaptation of imported specialized breeds of cattle

The experience of importing Simmental breed from Austria of beef cattle Hereford breed from Novosibirsk region, red steppe breed from the Altay Territory to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is analyzed. Acclimatization of imported livestock to the conditions of the Far North is hard. Of 471 heads of cattle of Austrian Simmental breed imported in 2007, 171 are currently left. The average milk production of cows per head is 2485 litres, the average figure for the Republic is 2364 litres. Of 200 heads of Herefords brought in 20112012, only 32 have remained. A brief description of the milk productivity of the red steppe breed in Yakutia is presented. Milk yield per cow amounted to 2630 litres in six lactations, which is 166 litres higher than the national average. Due to non-compliance with the requirements of the technology of keeping and feeding imported animals, 116 out of 200 imported cows have remained. The hematological parameters of cattle reflecting the state of the body's immune system during acclimatization are given. Adaptation of red steppe cows was difficult, but the hematological parameters corresponded to the physiological norm. Possible ways of developing livestock breeding programme in Yakutia to create a simmentalized Yakut zonal type of cattle, which is distinguished by exceptional adaptive abilities for keeping and feeding conditions, are proposed. Thanks to crossbreeding with Yakut cattle, the acclimatization and further breeding of imported specialized breeds and their crosses is successful. The ways of improving the technology of keeping and feeding cattle on the farms of the Republic are shown.

BREEDING AND INDUSTRIAL GROUPS OF FULL-AGING COWS OF RED STEP BREED

An assessment of the population of red steppe breed cows by exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups allocated for the degree of development of live weight, assessment of the exterior, milk yield, milk fat, milk fat, kg. The following selection parameters were calculated: for live weight - selection group X≥595 kg, production 595> X≥514 kg, marriage X<514; assessment of the exterior – selection group X≥9,46, production 9,46> X≥7,78, marriage X<7,78; for a milk yield for 305 days of lactation, a selection group X≥4481 kg, production 4481> X≥2829 kg, marriage X <2829 kg; milk fat content – selection group X≥4,35 kg, production 4,35> X≥3,99 kg, marriage X<3,99; milk fat - selection group X≥186 kg, production group 186> X≥118kg, marriage X<118 kg. Comparative assessment of the herd shows that animals of the breeding group in live weight by 18,7% exceed the breed standard, in milk yield by 8,7%, in milk fat 20,7%. Evaluation of animal grouping by milk yield shows that cows of a selection group exceed the breed standard by live weight by 6,1%, milk yield by 38,5%, milk fat by 54,3% Animals of the breeding group for milk fat exceed the breed standard by 6,1% in live weight, 36%, in milk yield, in milk fat 53,8%. The selection of the breeding group by body weight contributes to the formation of an array of animals of tall, stretched type with increased milk yield and milk fat. Cows with high milk yield differ from their peers in their greater body weight, milk yield index and milk fat productivity, and have a stretched and wide-grip physique. Uterus with high productivity in milk fat differ from their peers in greater body weight, milk yield, milk yield index, and have a more stretched constitution. For most of the identified dependencies, a significant difference was noted between the traits of different breeding groups. It should be noted that, regardless of the choice of the main feature, there is a tendency to form an array of animals that are distinguished by tall and stretched physique.

ДИНАМИКА ПРОГЕСТЕРОНА И ГОНАДОТРОПИНОВ В КРОВИ ТЕЛОК ПРИ СИНХРОНИЗАЦИИ ПОЛОВОЙ ОХОТЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ УДЧ ДИОКСИДА КРЕМНИЯ

The paper presents the results of studying the possibility of controlling the links of hormonal regulation of the reproductive cycle of cattle using silicon dioxide in an ultra-dispersed form to increase fertilization during frontal insemination. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of silicon dioxide UDPs when used in the scheme for synchronizing the sexual cycle of heifers on the dynamics of progesterone, FSH and LH and the fertilization of animals from frontal insemination. The studies were carried out on breeding age heifers of the red steppe breed. We formed two groups by 10 heifers – the control and the experimental one. In both groups, the synchronization of estrus was carried out by double application of estrophan. In the experimental group, the animals were simultaneously injected with estrophan with a solution of silicon dioxide ultra-dispersed particles in isotonic sodium chloride solution (dose of silicon dioxide 10 μg/kg). Blood for the determination of hormones was taken from heifers on the 1st, the 11th and 14th days of the experiment. All animals were inseminated frontally with deep-frozen semen by the rectocervical method. It was found that in the experimental and control groups, the dynamics of gonadotropins during the induced sexual cycle was similar; however, the LH level before insemination in heifers of the experimental group exceeded that in the control by 0.81 ng/ml (34.4%). Fertility of heifers in the experimental group was 70.0%, in the control – 50.0%. The effect of silicon dioxide in the UDP form on the dynamics of sex hormones and the fertility of heifers from frontal insemination during estrus synchronization was studied for the first time.

Developments of red steppe breed heifers and its hybrids with Holstein in the period of pregnancy and after calving

Holstein stud-bulls, selected as improvers, directly have a significant impact on the growth rate of live weight of the resulting offspring. The live weight of crossbred heifers at 18 months of age was 377–388 kg, which is 8–10% higher than that of pure-bred red-steppe peers. At the same time, animals with a blood share of 50 %, bred “in themselves” are characterized by the best indicators of absolute and relative increase in live weight and have a more pronounced milky type of physique on the exterior. Currently, the main place in the structure of the herd of cattle is occupied by the breeding stock, the number of which is increasing every year. The proportion of cows in the herd is increasing over the years is 46.5%, and the rest of the livestock is also increasing accordingly. When growing heifers of cattle, 55-60% of all costs in the structure of their cost are feed stuff. Consequently, the efficiency of rearing is mainly caused by feed conversion ratio increase in muscle, fat and bone tissue, which provides a high level of efficiency of young animals. In our experience, when growing heifers of different genotypes, feeding was carried out according to the norms of the All-Russian research Institute of animal husbandry. The diet structure contained the required amount of concentrates, hay, silage and green fodder.

The use of multidimensional methods of analysis of the intra-breed variability of fat content in milk of dairy cattle

The analysis included data on the origin and milk productivity of 109 first-born red steppe breed, which were descendants of five bulls-offspring (Narcissus, Topol, Tangens, Neptune, and Orpheus) and were kept in SE “Plemproductor Stepove” (Mykolaiv region, Ukraine ) during the years 2001–2014. The purpose of this study was to analyze the fat content of milk during different months of lactation (MFP1, MFP2,…, MFP10) to determine latent variables that best describe the variability of dairy cows' productivity in this herd. High correlation estimates of fat milk scores in different lactation months have been established. According to the results of the Principal Component Analysis, based on the (co)variation matrix of fat content in milk, three new variables (PC1, PC2, and PC3) were identified, which accounted for about 82% of the variability of the original data. The First Main Component (PC1) explained 53.5%, Second (PC2) – 17.7%, and Third (PC3) – 10.6% of the variability of the original data, respectively. PC1 was highly correlated with MFP4-MFP10 and, thus, it distributed the animals according to their fat content level. PC2 was highly positively correlated with MFP8-MFP10 but highly negatively correlated with M FP1-MFP3 and thus it shows the rate of increase in fat content in milk during lactation. PC3 characterizes the variability of fat content in milk during the first and second half of lactation. The Linear Discriminant Analysis found that the MFP1-MFP2 and MFP9-MFP10 scores contributed most to the discrimination among the five subpopulations. The individual identification of the offspring groups of different bulls according to the cross-check classification ranged from 44.4% (Topol) to 87.5% (Orpheus) of cows, which were correctly assigned to their own group.

Taxonomic structure of rumen calf microbiome when feeding with a fat supplement

It is known that the use of native fats for feeding ruminants causes an inhibitory effect on the rumen microflora. One of the problems with the use of fats protected by various technologies is a change in the composition of the rumen microflora. It is necessary to improve existing and create new types of protected fats.The research object was 12 red steppe calves divided by three groups - the control one and two experimental ones (n = 3). The animals of experimental group I were fed with a Palmatriks fatcontaining supplement at a dose of 0.4 kg/head, and the animals of group II - an experimental supplement (ES) at a dose of 0.25 kg/head.The use of Palmatrix contributed to the growth of Firmicutes microorganisms (1.74%), Candidatus Saccharibacteria (by 4.5%), Actinobacteria (by 1.83%) and reduced the number of Bacteroidetes bacteria (5.19%), Verrucomicrobia (by 0.75%). Feeding pf group II with ES increased the number of Saccharibacteriageneraincertaesedis bacteria (by 14.77%) in comparison with experimental group I. The combination of fat supplements with components reduced the number of Bacilli, Negativicutes and Bacteroidia bacteria by 14.77%, 9.54 and 8.12%, respectively.

Influence of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the fertility of heifers in frontal insemination

Investigation of the effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the processes of reproduction in cattle was performed on heifers of the breeding age of red steppe breed. Synchronization of the sexual activity by double use of the estrophan, prostaglandin drug, with addition of a releasing hormone (surfagon) to the scheme before insemination was performed in the control and experimental groups. Heifers were simultaneously injected with a solution of silicon dioxide nanoparticles with estrophan injection intramuscularly in the experimental group. All animals were inseminated in frontal, rectocervical way, with deep frozen sperm, twice. Heifers were taken the blood at estrophan injections and before insemination to study the dynamics of progesterone levels. As a result, 50.0% of the heifers were fertilized from frontal insemination in the control group, in the experimental one - 70.0%, that is, the increase in fertility with the use of silicon dioxide nanoparticles was 20.0%. Progesterone level in blood serum of the heifers on the 11th day of the experiment exceeded the initial by 23.5–69.2%, and before insemination it dropped by 38.1 to 50.0% compared with the maximum value. These changes were more significant in animals of the experimental group. Presumably, the use of silicon dioxide nanoparticles increases the hormonal activity of heifers’ ovaries, which contributes to their higher fertility during insemination.

SOME BIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC VALUABLE FEATURES OF THE RED CATTLE OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN IN THE ALTAI TERRITORY

The paper characterizes 52 producers of red steppe, 49 - red Danish and 169 Angler bulls of “Barnaulskoye” enterprise in terms of erythrocyte antigen occurrence. The authors used 53 antiserums in order to determine erythrocytic antigens of 9 genetic systems. The highest frequency observed was F antigen frequency equal to 0.976-1.000. This gene was not observed in one servicing red steppe bull and four servicing Angler bulls. All red Danish bulls had F allele in a homo- or heterozygous state. The concentration of antigens A2, B2, O1, Y2, G’, Q’ (system B), C1, C2, E, R2, W, X2 (system C), H’ (system S) in the red bulls was high and equal to 0.249-0.592. The frequency of erythrocytic antigens B1, I1, P2, T1, T2, Y1, I’, D’, J2’, P1’, B” (B), R1 (C), J (J), S2, U and H” (S) was the lowest at 0-0.122. All 53 blood factors were observed in Angler cattle, but no antigens B1, P2, R1, U и B1, Y1, B” were observed in the red steppe and red Danish cattle. There are no significant differences observed in genetic similarity among three red breeds; the index of genetic similarity are 0.9211-0.9307, which indicates a high relationship among them. The highest number of ejaculates and native sperm was obtained from Angler servicing bulls, the excess over other breeds was 11.9-13.9 and 15.1-42.8%. Red steppe bulls were characterized by lowest amount of ejaculate and less bioproducts for cryopreservation were received from them. The total breeding efficiency of cows with red steppe bull sperm was 85.1%, the superiority over Danish and Angler red cattle was 7.1-11.5%.

Detection of InDel variations within seven candidate genes and their associations with phenotypic traits in three cattle breeds

The Xinjiang brown cattle, Red steppe cattle, and Yunling cattle are indigenous cultivated cattle breeds in Chinese frontier provinces, and they produce high-grade beef and milk products, however, their genetic diversity in many important genes related to excellent meat and milk production is still unknown. Our previous studies have found that several candidate genes (e.g., SREBP1c and PAX7) were associated with bovine economically important phenotypic traits, but none has been reported in the above-mentioned three cattle breeds. Since the InDel (insertion/deletion) marker becomes a useful tool applied in the animal molecular breeding, herein, we firstly found that the InDel variations of seven candidate genes in these cattle. Results showed that the genotypic and allelic distributions of these seven genes were remarkably different among these three cattle (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Furthermore, the InDel variations of SREBP1c and PAX7 genes were significantly associated with eight phenotypic traits in Xinjiang brown cattle (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), respectively, suggesting that they can become the useful DNA markers.

PRODUCTIVITY AND ESTIMATED BREEDING VALUE OF THE DAIRY CATTLE GENE POOL IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

With a linear estimation of the physique of first-calf heifers, it is established that in cows of domesticbreeds, the parameters correspond to the optimal points of the species and the indicators of the extremities, but theparameters of the udder differ sharply. All the data on productive and exteriors were entered into the program of theInformation and Analytical System (IAS), where the estimated breeding value of the studied cows was automaticallycalculated. The average estimated breeding value (EBV) for all breeds was 81.4. Among all breeds, the highest EBVlevel was determined in Holstein cows (84.3) of imported selection.The average milk yield of the studied herds per 1 cow was 5300± 30 kg of milk, with a mass fraction of fat of3.74±0.02%, the mass fraction of protein of 3.16±0.01%, with a content of 324.7±23.8 thous. of somatic cells. Themost productive were the cows of the Holstein breed, their productivity over the Alatau breed was 694 kg (P>0.99),over the black-and-motley breed it was1446 kg (P>0.999), over the Simmental breed it was 1982 kg (P>0.999), overthe red steppe - 2038 kg (P>0.999), no significant difference was found in the content of fat and protein of cow.Somatic cells were within normal limits. When studying the dynamics of milk yields according to lactation, it isestablished that the milk productivity of the Alatau breed is characterized by growth (4844... 5679... 5458 kg) by thesecond-third lactation and gradual decrease (4716... 4017 kg) by the fifth. On average, for all lactations, cows of thisbreed brought 5123±275.4 kg. The dairy productivity of Holstein cows is increased by the fifth lactation, withoutrecessions. On average, for cows of black and motley breed for all lactations, the milk yield was 4671±190 kg. Dynamics of milk yield of the Simmental breed increases from the first to the second lactation (3917... 4035 kg), in thethird it decreases (4035... 3334 kg), from the fourth to the sixth lactation the sequence increases.