РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СКРЕЩИВАНИЯ КРАСНОЙ СТЕПНОЙ ПОРОДЫ С АЙРШИРСКОЙ В ЗАСУШЛИВОЙ СТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЕ ДАГЕСТАНА

Abstract

In each climatic zone are engaged in cultivation of the breeds of the dairy or combined direction of efficiency which are well adapted for local conditions. However, the research of a possibility of instilling in the local cattle of the best manifestations of other breeds or its gradual replacement, with preservation of adaptive opportunities, gains the scientific and practical importance. For increase in production of milk it is necessary to try to obtain fuller realization of genetic potential of the cattle, both at thoroughbred cultivation, and when crossing with highly productive breeds. When crossing the dress should seek to keep improvement of economic and useful signs of breed local animal’s adaptive qualities of the initial, zoned breed. Comparative assessment of efficiency of hybrids of the different krovnost zoned in a droughty zone of Dagestan of red steppe breed with highly productive ayrshire is relevant. It is established that hybrids of the first generation authentically surpass initial red steppe breed in amount of milk for a lactation and to contents in it valuable nutrients (fat, protein, etc.). In the second generation characteristics of efficiency concerning the first generation also improve a little. With age animals adapts to specific economic conditions better that brings to fuller manifestation of hereditary potential of animals (heredity of the improving ayrshire breed) what fat content in milk for the third lactation at cows of two adjacent generations of hybrids testifies to. For the first lactation of difference between generations on the fat content of milk makes 0.04%, and on the third - 0.36%, and on milk fat for a lactation - 4.0 and 13.0 kg, respectively. In general, it is possible to note that in process of increase in a share of blood of ayrshire of a hybrid are more and more preferable, than the red steppe breed of the dairy cattle zoned for a droughty zone. From the first to the second generation on indicators for the third lactation reliable essential advantage on the milk fat content, milk fat and milk protein. The more heredities of ayrshire, the more they approach on efficiency the improving breed in this zone of cultivation.