Real Life Research Articles

Inventory pricing model under different carbon emission policies

Considering carbon emission in inventory management model is a hot topic in current academic circles. Studying inventory pricing can provide managers with better managerial insights. Economic order quantity model mainly solves the inventory management problem of demand determination. However, due to the complex market environment in real life, it is difficult to meet the conditions of constant demand. In addition, with the enhancement of low-carbon awareness of enterprises, the study of pricing model based on low-carbon policies has also attracted the attention of a large number of scholars. The robust optimization theory is applied, the inventory pricing model of demand fluctuation under carbon cap, carbon tax and carbon cap-and-trade policies is considered, the robust equivalence form of the problem is studied. The profit comparison under different policies is given. Numerical experiments show that the carbon cap-and-trade policy can better control the carbon emission of enterprises.

‘You Want Drama? Go to the Opera!’

This article addresses the role played by opera in fiction film by drawing attention to the action film Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation (Christopher McQuarrie, 2015). Giacomo Puccini’s Turandot (1926) is treated here in a way that makes it appear as something more than a diegetic background and energy reinforcement for action scenes. By taking into consideration Daniel Yacavone’s (2012; 2014) view of film as a combination of a construction and a known world, I argue that the use of opera displays a stretching of the boundaries between fiction and real life, which in turn has implications for how the film can be regarded as an opera–film encounter. The film makes the opera emerge as significant in its own right through an intricate interaction between fictional denotation and engagement with the lived reality of the film viewer. Ultimately, I suggest that Rogue Nation provides an opportunity not only to reconsider a common way of approaching intersections between opera and fiction film, but also to extend and refine Yacavone’s theory.

Navigating Desire in an Open Relationship

This essay presents an autoethnography of a gay man’s experiences in an open relationship. While one’s relationship with their partner is the primary way in which one experiences and lives one’s sexuality, in an open relationship one can also form connections with others. This essay examines the ways in which the author—being a gay man in an open relationship—navigates their desire within and beyond their relationship that involves interactions with other gay men. While relationships may be founded on a commitment, they remain subject to the changes in lived reality. As such, this essay traces the trajectory of the author’s relationship in a period in which it underwent some major changes—from live-in to long distance, from a closed relationship to an open one, leading finally to counseling sessions with a therapist. The status of one’s relationship has a direct bearing on the interactions—romantic, non-romantic, social, or fleeting, that one has with other people. In the heteronormative scheme of things, the constant shifts in one’s relationship and their interactions with other people would be construed as a lack of stability and certainty. However, the author argues that these very shifts characterize the inherent queerness of their relationship, which is driven as much by their commitment to their partner as by the desire to have sexual interactions with others and indulge in experiences that are capable of jeopardizing the relationship altogether. The author posits that the “instability” in their relationship(s) be read as the conflict between the affective nature of queerness and the constraints posed by the heteronormative world.

Beyond an Environmental “Hermeneutics of Suspicion”

This essay engages debates about hopeful critical scholarship in the environmental humanities via an analysis of the figure of the Babushka of Chornobyl in literature, film, and photography. The argument for hazardous hope unfolds in two steps. First, the article discusses how contaminated environments like the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, where the Babushkas live, invite an interpretative move that models what Paul Ricoeur and, more recently, Rita Felski have problematized as the hermeneutics of suspicion. Such a move involves a mistrust of what is at the surface, calling for the exposure of hidden material agencies beyond what can be sensorily perceived. This suspicious disposition is also the critical stance of much environmental humanities scholarship, even when it attempts to be hopeful. Second, the article proposes that the cultural texts it examines not only model a suspicious gaze but can also easily be read suspiciously—as glossing over the harrowing realities of a precarious life in a sacrifice zone. Yet they also show us pockets of beauty, joy, and community and hint toward reformulations of environmental futurity that cannot easily be accounted for via such suspicious criticism. In that, they invite us to leave behind, if only temporarily, the hermeneutics of suspicion and to explore hazardous hope in a contaminated environment.

Model/City: Architectural Models and the Aesthetics of Playfulness

Between wooden blocks and miniature trees, open spaces and shared pathways, the architectural model of Sloterdijk (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) constructs a vision of green and collective living, which contrasts the lived reality of a neighborhood undergoing a rapid transformation from a largely industrial area to a ‘desirable’ urban neighborhood marked by luxury residential buildings. Architectural models are situated at a point of in-between, simultaneously charged with planning, representing, legitimizing, and – maybe most importantly – imagining an urban future. This article takes this special issue’s call to ‘deconstruct gentrification’ literally by focusing on the material construction of better green urban futures through architectural models. Simultaneously referencing and abstracting the (proposed) construction sites, I argue that recent architectural models for three (re)developments in Amsterdam – Sloterdijk, Zuidas, and Bajeskwartier – draw on an aesthetic of playfulness to counter criticism raised against the gentrifying effects of ‘sustainable’ urban planning.

“It is like a curse”. The lived experiences of the intersection of intergenerational violence, pregnancy, and intimate partner violence among urban Wisconsin Indigenous women

BackgroundIntimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health concern that disproportionately impacts Indigenous American women more than any other ethnic/racial group in the United States. PurposeThis study aims to inform the work of nurses and allied health professionals by providing insight into the lived realities of Indigenous women in urban areas and how IPV manifests in the lives of Indigenous women. MethodsPostcolonial and Indigenous feminist frameworks informed this qualitative study. Using thematic analysis, we analyzed data from semi-structured individual interviews with 34 Indigenous women in large urban areas in the upper Midwest. FindingsThis manuscript discusses one broad theme: experiences of IPV during pregnancy and the devastating impacts on women and their children in the form of intergenerational trauma. Under this broad theme, we identified two sub-themes: impacts of IPV on individual pregnancy experiences and linkages to adverse pregnancy-related outcomes related to physical IPV during the childbearing years. ConclusionThis Indigenous-led study informs the development of effective Indigenous-specific interventions to minimize barriers to accessing prenatal care and help-seeking when experiencing IPV to reduce the devastating consequences for Indigenous women and their families.

『시녀 이야기』에 나타난 여성의 저항적 글쓰기

This paper analyzes Offred’s resistant writing and the role of the reader in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale. The Republic of Gilead, the oppressive patriarchal state that forms the backdrop of the novel, seizes power under the pretext of addressing declining birth rates, and it reduces women to mere instruments of reproduction. To control women under the suppressive system of the Handmaid surrogacy, Gilead deprives them of language and subjects them to constant surveillance. However, amidst these circumstances, Offred attempts to restore women as subjects of meaning production through writing. Her writing, conducted while evading Gilead’s oppression, takes a fragmented and disconnected form, which this paper argues paradoxically reinforces Offred’s resistance. As her night and day narratives interweave, Offred summons her past to recover self-identity and grow into a resistant subject. Additionally, the gaps and blanks emphasized in her narratives prompt active interpretation by the reader. Through the act of filling these gaps using their imagination, readers inherit and expand Offred’s spirit of resistance, playing a crucial role in realizing the novel’s resistance. Consequently, not only is resistance inherent in Offred’s very act of writing, but through readers’ active interpretive participation, this resistance extends beyond the literary work into the real world. This study posits that the novel confronts the reality of female oppression and insists on resisting it, urging readers to reflect on the pervasiveness of the patriarchy in their own lived realities. Thus, this study explores how The Handmaid’s Tale constantly evokes and sustains resistance against female oppression both within and beyond its pages.

Persepsi tentang Film Kupu-Kupu Malam dan Kajian Pendidikan Agama Kristennya

“Kupu-kupu Malam” is a beautiful name commonly mentioned by Indonesian citizens for women who work as Commercial Sex Workers. There are various reasons why these women fall into the night world. One of them is faced by Laura, who is played by Michelle Ziudith in the film “Kupu-kupu Malam”. Film is a medium made by humans and is even lifted from the reality of human life. She had to enter the world of prostitution to finance her sister, who was seriously ill because they were orphans and did not have a single family, and the various consequences that she had to face alone for her decision. Starting from having to divide her time to study, working as a “Kupu-kupu Malam”, checking and seeing the development of her sister's health, and accepting the negative stigma and discrimination by society, especially by the man she loves and her family. Talking about night butterfly women among Indonesian people is a sensitive thing, especially if it is done by the closest people because it is an activity that is contrary to the norms of society and the teachings of every religion in Indonesia. The film “Kupu-kupu Malam” premiered on November 25, 2022, and was watched by many young people. They expressed various responses regarding the content and roles played by the film's characters. These responses are what make the author interested in writing it with the study of Christian Religious Education and using a qualitative method approach.

Multiculturalism, Islamophobia and the Muslim Minority in Australia: A Reflection

Australia’s approach to multiculturalism has been a journey of evolving policies and societal shifts. The country’s immigration policies in the 1960s marked a significant departure from the restrictive ‘White Australia’ policy, leading to a more diverse cultural, ethnic, and religious population. Recognizing the potential for value and norm conflicts, the Australian government adopted multiculturalism as a state ideology, aiming to foster social cohesion and reduce inter-community conflicts. This policy has been largely successful in managing conflicts, as evidenced by the relatively low incidence of political, ethnic, and religious violence, including terrorism, compared to other nations. The positive impact of multiculturalism is evident in the thriving Australian Muslim communities, which, along with other ethnic and religious groups, have been able to preserve their cultural heritage. These communities contribute significantly to the social and economic fabric of the nation. However, despite the overarching success of multiculturalism, challenges persist. The Muslim minority in Australia has faced Islamophobia, manifesting in both overt attacks and subtle forms of discrimination. This has been a complex issue, with some Muslim groups maintaining a degree of exclusivity and engaging in identity politics, while also recognizing and embracing the broader multicultural ethos that has become an integral part of Australia’s identity. The Australian government has continued to refine its multicultural policies, with initiatives aimed at promoting anti-racism, access, and equity since 2010. These efforts are part of a broader commitment to diversity, belonging, and inclusion, which encompasses Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as well. The policy landscape is complemented by state and territory policies that further support multiculturalism. Despite the progress, the experiences of Australian Muslims highlight the ongoing need for vigilance against discrimination. Reports indicate that Australian Muslims are a diverse group, facing stereotypes and prejudice that can perpetuate social tensions. The Australian Human Rights Commission has emphasized the importance of sharing the stories of Australian Muslims to foster understanding and address Islamophobia. The Commission’s findings underscore the need for a national anti-racism framework and strong leadership to combat discrimination and support social cohesion. While Australia’s multicultural policy has been a beacon of successful integration and social harmony, it is clear that the journey is not complete. The nation continues to grapple with the dual realities of a celebrated multicultural society and the undercurrents of intolerance that challenge it. The experiences of the Australian Muslim community serve as a reminder of the work that remains to be done in ensuring that multiculturalism is not just a state ideology but a lived reality for all Australians. The path forward lies in education, awareness, and institutional change that upholds the values of diversity and inclusion for every individual in the nation.

New perspectives on multiple fuel use: Energy flexibility in household cooking solutions in Tanzania

There is a tendency to approach multiple fuel use mainly as a problem. This has limited how it is understood and addressed. This article uses a mixed-methods approach to advance understandings of multiple fuel use. We apply social practice theory to analyse multiple fuel use through a survey (n = 354) and 32 qualitative interviews in peri-urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We find multiple fuel use with charcoal to be common, mostly in combination with LPG. Cooking solutions are combined in a complementary manner for their material qualities, but also by social factors. Multiple fuel use enables effective use of different energy types, saving money, coping with low and fluctuating incomes, and securing household energy supply. Flexibility also helps women navigate time constraints and multiple responsibilities, cook for larger families, maintain food culture, and make nutritious food affordable. Characteristics such as income level and variability, housing type, family size and children's age, are analysed as social differences influencing cooking patterns. We find multiple fuel use to be more than simply “stacking” of new fuels: it is an expression of competence and innovation. Efforts for change must build on holistic understandings of people's lived realities and should acknowledge their competent ways of manoeuvring difficult life conditions to a greater extent. Continued use of polluting cooking solutions through multiple fuel use is a barrier to clean energy transition, but solutions are more likely to succeed if recognising the multiple reasons and benefits from practicing multiple fuel use, rather than focusing on its negative impacts.

Kritik Sosial pada Puisi Lagu Orang Usiran Karya W. H. Auden

This research aims to determine social criticism in the poem Lagu Orang Usiran by W. H. Auden. This research is qualitative research. The data used are sentences in the poem Lagu Orang Usiran which contain social criticism. The data source for this research is the poem Lagu Orang Usiran by W. H, Auden. The data collection technique in this research is reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques use data reduction techniques, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results found that the social criticism in the poem Lagu Orang Usiran by W. H. Auden is social inequality, social conflict, nepotism, corruption, tyranny, social awareness and social mobility. In this poem the author wants to describe the reality of people's lives who struggle to live in the harshness of life in big cities. This poem criticizes the arbitrary actions carried out by the ruler who founded his ruling dynasty through nepotism. The condition of society has become differentiated due to social stratification factors and rampant corruption, resulting in the state and people becoming increasingly miserable.

Representasi Peran Tokoh Abuela Sebagai Nenek Dalam Film Animasi Encanto

Encanto is a computer-animated family film with musical, comedy, and fantasy genres. The Encanto film won an Academy Award (Oscar) for Best Animated Film in 2022. As a mass communication medium, the Encanto film represents a unique reality where women play an important societal role. In the film Encanto, Abuela, the grandmother of the Madrigal family, plays an essential role in the existence of the Madrigal family and the community of Encanto. This reality generally differs from the reality of life, where men dominate essential societal roles. This study aims to describe the role of Abuela represented in the film Encanto at three levels of John Fiske's semiotics: the level of reality, the level of representation, and the level of ideology. The research used a qualitative method with an analysis of John Fiske's semiotic theory based on constructivist paradigm. After conducting research, the researcher found that Abuela's roles in the film Encanto include family historian, teacher, head of the Madrigal family, and head of the community of Encanto. That role is represented by authoritative, firm, weak, and prone to wounds (melancholy) characteristics. In addition, a matriarch ideology was found as the basis of Abuela's role among the people of Encanto.

National cultural and religious mythologems in the ethnic image creation in Russian literature of the 19<sup>th</sup> century

The article examines the functional purpose of foreign cultural and religious mythologems in conveying an ethnic image in the Russian literary process of the 19th century. We analyze the reception of the confessional Muslim text in the artistic system of “Travels to Kazan, Vyatka and Orenburg in 1800” by M. Nevzorov who contributes to the description of the Tatar layer of life. Religious archetypal ideas are conveyed by means of religious-mythological codifiers, appearing in such a triad as the muezzin’s call to worship, the mullah’s sermon, the epigraphic inscriptions of tombstones representing the “Word of the Lord” and the prayerful appeal of believers as a confessional text. In the system of literary text, the apperception of a different religious consciousness creates a bright, unique image of Russian “foreign culture” in its dominant manifestations. In the works of P. Kudryashev and T. Belyaev, the ethnic Bashkir realities of life are identified by religious and historical mythologems: the constants of the Koranic paradise, “Sataniel” Dadzhal, “Bashkir people of seven generations” are involved in the interpretation of the events of the Patriotic War of 1812 as an eschatological event in history. In conveying the ethnic aspects of life, A. Herzen and N. Leskov resort to pre-Christian mythologems of the pagan worldview: the national deities of the Mari and Udmurts are found in the creation of the Russian “past” in the article “Votyaki and Cheremis” and the essay “The Past and Thoughts.” In “The Enchanted Wanderer” by N. Leskov, the explication of pagan views on the world conveys the syncretism of the character’s worldview: the mythologems of the old Chuvash faith function in creating the image of the Chuvash on a par with Christian saints.

Антиномічна природа штучного права

Circumstances of earthly life, various vital factors that took place in society, the national state, and interstate relations require specific regulation. The creative atmosphere of a person generates a powerful set of laws. Their number is constantly growing, which requires constant attention to quality, as insoluble, insurmountable contradictions appear. Knowing these contradictions is inextricably linked with doubts. A person does not directly confront the reality of life. Her mind cannot go beyond synergistic, invisible narratives. Therefore, she is forced to create norms and laws for every case of life (this is such an effort). Of course, all regulations begin with customs and moral traditions. These man-made norms also form the basis of man-made laws, which should ensure good relations between people, with the state, between states, etc. But we know that good can be normative and non-normative. It depends on the current morality and laws. The quality of morality and the quality of laws contribute to normative or non-normative good. What causes this phenomenon? Undoubtedly, the reason lies in the legitimate antinomian nature of artificial law. Artificial law arises from artificial morality, from artificial ideology, politics, etc. It should be noted that the cited architectural factors of artificial law are sources of contradictory thinking in rulemaking: ontological thinking cannot accept the leap-like, inconsistent, mostly contradictory logic of deontological legal thinking. That is why it is impossible for a person to combine all deontological laws into a single artificial law due to the essence of the agreement between them. A problem arises: how to combine existing antinomies with the creation of a state. Society has its antinomies of morality, and the state also has some artificial ones – newly introduced moral norms, customs, traditions. And it is impossible to reduce these norms into one artificial law – the natural laws of conservation of energy and momentum will not work, legal reflection will not work, etc. That is, mandatory synergistic law has No. place for artificial, positive law due to the presence of various kinds of antinomies. There are few ways out of this state, but one of them is the observance of ontological morality by the state; implementation of ontological, legal ideology and ontological legal policy. Ontological morality is consistent with natural and supernatural law. This is their visible part. If there are No. antinomies in natural and supernatural law, then they are also absent in ontological morality, since it is called virtue. It is necessary to find out what place virtue occupies in positive law, which is the most antinomian in nature.

Instruments of resilience: cultural tourism in Palestinian resistance

ABSTRACT Tourism in Palestine functions as a potent instrument of political resistance, serving to counter the dominant narratives imposed by the Israeli occupation and to reinforce Palestinian claims to self-determination and sovereignty. Through deliberate engagement with cultural and historical sites, we contend that tourists become active participants in a form of resistance that celebrates and preserves Palestinian identity. We maintain that each act of cultural consumption – be it visiting a historical landmark, participating in traditional storytelling, or purchasing local handicrafts – serves not just as an economic transaction but as a political gesture that asserts Palestinian narratives and resists cultural erasure. We further argue that the global spread of Palestinian cultural tourism, facilitated by the diaspora, functions as a strategic form of international advocacy that situates the Palestinian struggle within a broader context of global awareness and solidarity. Palestinian tourism is a vital channel through which the political reality of Palestinian life is communicated and understood, forming an essential component of the broader campaign for Palestinian rights and recognition on the world stage.

'Beyond the Reach of Palliative Care': A Qualitative Study of Patient and Public Experiences and Anticipation of Death and Dying.

The demands and costs of health care resulting from increasingly ageing populations have become a major public health issue in the United Kingdom and other industrially developed nations. Concern with cost containment and shortage of resources has prompted a progressive shift in responsibility from state provision of care to individual patients and their families, and from the institutional setting of the hospital to the domestic home. Under the guise of choice and patient centredness, end-of-life care is framed within a discourse of the 'good death': free from distress and discomfort and accompanied by significant others in the preferred place, usually assumed to be home. The promotion of the 'good death' as a technical accomplishment enabled by pre-emptive discussion and advance care planning has sidelined recognition of the nature and significance of the pain and suffering involved in the experience of dying. There has been little research into the disparity between policy and professional assumptions and the lived reality of end of life. In this paper, we present findings from a qualitative study of how terminally ill patients, bereaved family members, and members of the public understand, anticipate, and experience death and dying. These findings contribute to an important and timely critique of the normative idealisation of death and dying in health policy and practice, and the need to attend closely to the real-world experiences of patients and the public as a prerequisite for identifying and remedying widespread shortcomings in end-of-life care.

Imagined constituents: Minoritized citizens’ evaluations of political representatives in Germany and the Netherlands

ABSTRACT The presence of minoritized representatives is considered essential to advance the interests and inclusion of minoritized groups. But do minoritized citizens prefer politicians like them? Drawing on nineteen focus groups (N = 98) with minoritized Dutch and German citizens, I ask how citizens evaluate (descriptive) representatives. Citizens see descriptive representation as intersectional. They value politicians – regardless of descriptive status – who imagine their lived reality, politically judge, and act on that basis, and enhance emancipation and group legitimacy. Many see descriptive representatives as better able to do so. Yet, in practice, citizens examine if descriptive politicians share their political judgements and act for them within established politics. The findings suggest that increasing numbers is necessary but not sufficient. Whether citizens perceive representation depends on the space descriptive representatives have within the political system to articulate marginalized identities and concerns. Citizens’ evaluations reflect differences in self-identification, privilege/disadvantage, group histories, electoral systems, and representation legacies.

Федерализм в свете отечественной судебной конституционной доктрины

The article examines the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the field of federal relations, since the judicial constitutional doctrine is of great importance in creating today’s model of federalism in Russia, which at each specific historical stage of the development of federal relations, adapting to legal, socio-economic and life realities, undoubtedly contributed to overcoming legal problems arising in the relations of the center and regions.The principles formulated by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the field of federal relations in Russia are also highlighted.

Characteristics of Ips Subjects

Social Sciences (IPS) is one of the subjects taught from elementary school to junior high school. IPS examines a collection of events, facts, concepts and generalizations related to social problems. At junior high school level, social studies subjects include learning Geography, History, Sociology and Economics. Through social studies subjects, students are directed to become democratic Indonesian citizens, as well as global citizens who are responsible and love peace. The method used in this research is a literature review approach or literature study. Social Sciences (IPS) is a field of study, the same as Science, Mathematics and Indonesian. Thus, social studies as a field of study covers a variety of subjects. The scope of work includes the symptoms and problems of human life in society. The stress studied in Social Sciences is related to the phenomena and problems of social life, not focusing on theoretical and scientific knowledge, but on the reality of social life. Social Sciences is an academic field those studies, examines and analyzes social phenomena and problems in society by considering various aspects of life or a combination of both.

К вопросу о труде и образовании женщин на страницах журналов «Женский вестник» и «Женщина и война» в конце XIX – начале XX в.

Women’s right to work and education was formed under the influence of life realities and socio-political events of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Women’s magazines served as a conduit for conveying the political interests of women, where they could learn about the prevalent issue of inequality in society and potential avenues for addressing it. These publications featured stories of women’s oppression in employment, wage disparities, and admission to higher educational institutions. Prior to the 1917 revolution, attitudes towards female labor in Russian society underwent numerous transformations, with working alongside men becoming a vital necessity for women. The exigencies of the First World War greatly contributed to the demand for labor, prompting many women to join the workforce and serve on the front lines as nurses and volunteers, fulfilling their duty to the Motherland. In conclusion, the narrative of women’s rights to labor and education in late Imperial Russia reflects a complex interplay of societal shifts and historical contingencies. As we reflect on this historical trajectory, it is imperative to recognize the ongoing struggle for gender equality and the enduring legacy of women’s activism in shaping the contours of society.