Real Life Research Articles

A Study of the Philosophy of Education and Analysis of the Principles of Implementing Education according to the Al-Qur’an

The research aims to analyze the principles of implementing education according to the Al-Qur’an. The Al-Qur’an is a source of guidance for Muslims in carrying out their lives, including conducting education. The principles of implementing education are contained in the Al-Qur’an which can be used as a guide for stakeholders and teachers in carrying out their duties. Developing principles for implementing education based on Islamic education philosophy in the Al-Qur’an will produce comprehensive guidance for believers. The research method used in this brief study was a content analysis of the Al-Qur’an to determine the philosophy of educational principles based on the Al-Qur’an. Systematic linguistic analysis in the original Al-Qur’an text and the translation of the Al-Qur’an in English to reveal the principles of educational implementation was carried out. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are several principles for implementing education contained in the Al-Qur’an. The first component of the educational principle is reasoning which is promoted in the Al-Qur’an, namely inferential, independent reasoning and facilitated reasoning. The second principle of implementing education is that implementing education is oriented towards developing moral character through various learning process activities or what is called orthopractic theology. The contribution of this research is the discovery of a strong principled basis for implementing education and becoming the basis for hermeneutical research to investigate the philosophy of implementing education based on the Al-Qur’an that can be applied in real life situations. This research has implications for the practice of implementing education in Indonesia. Teachers must pay attention to the learning methods used that can likely optimize students' reasoning abilities and must accommodate methods of remembering, listening and reading literacy activities.

Igniting Solidarities across Borders: South Feminist Futures (SFF) and the Promise of the South Feminist Manifesto

Abstract: This article examines the forthcoming South Feminist Manifesto spearheaded by South Feminist Futures, a transnational network of feminists from the Global South. Through extensive cross-regional consultations, the manifesto initiative promises to build solidarity and advance decolonial, anti-capitalist feminism across the Global South. It aims to center plural Southern voices and contexts, integrating diverse critical frameworks from Third World feminism to queer theory. By foregrounding lived realities of Southern women and trans and nonbinary people, the manifesto promises to generate fresh insights and creative South-South solidarities. Drawing inspiration from the pioneering Women's Manifesto for Ghana , it strives to catalyze feminist consciousness raising, movement revival, and more caring, just futures across borders. The article analyzes the manifesto's transformative promises.

On the role and effects of supervisor feedback sign in auditing: Evidence from a cohort of early career auditors.

Supervisor feedback is essential for training and socialising early career auditors. One fundamental aspect and choice of a supervisor's feedback practice and style is whether to focus on encouraging good or discouraging poor performance. We acknowledge that early career auditors likely receive feedback on both good and poor performance in ongoing and extended feedback relationships with their closest supervisor. A work–life reality that implies that the effects of supervisors' inclinations towards a specific performance feedback sign must be assessed within a frame in which they coexist to varying degrees. We generate hypotheses on how the feedback sign from the closest supervisor affects early career auditors' underreporting of time and intrinsic work motivation, which are two matters related to audit quality. We found that supervisor feedback on negative performance was associated with increased underreporting of time and decreased intrinsic motivation. Feedback on positive performance lessens underreporting of time and supports the development of intrinsic motivation. In summary, our results support emphasising the type of performance for which supervisors choose to provide feedback.

The Study of Modern Theater: Literary - Psychological - Social Through Little Eyolf Play- Henrik Ibsen

Little Eyolf is a play that simulates an objective reality in a very narrow episode, which makes it a more classic psychological play than others. This dialogue extends into three acts and takes into its aspects a model of a simple Norwegian family through which the reality lived in other families, and their way of life is transmitted, because Ibsen is the great modern realistic theater, this author deliberately catches up with the exact details through which he can point out the scale of the realism of the work, the consistency of the characters and the exact realistic details all in order to create a realistic work reflecting the social nature in which this child lives and suffers from these many social overlaps. Little Eyolf plays the reason for existence and departure; Ibsen conveys prosperity and tragedy in one house at close Times. He draws a plan for the future family dramatically and realistically that abstracts from those temporary passions and moves everyone to reality in its clear form, making the place of reality higher than imagination and emotions. That Eyolf is the result of a set of causes, the most important of which was his parents' neglect of his own psychological and social needs, and this is what caused the end that Eyolf and the whole family faced. In the end, little Eyolf is a psychological treatment and social simulation of the lived reality, which leads to a set of results at the end of the play represented by tragedy and social-family torment.

Honouring Children

The views held about the humanity of children influence faith praxis with regard to children. Recognizing the full humanity of children will help pose questions that will lead to critical reflections on theories and practices thatunderpin the lived realities of neglect, abuse and violence against children. It is said that a faulty anthropology produces a faulty theology, and a faulty theology produces a skewed anthropology. It is argued that views of children that harm them in daily life could be connected with views of Godas authoritative, hierarchal, powerful and strong, a God who punishes and disciplines. There is, therefore, the need to explicate a Christian view ofchildren that honours the dignity and humanity of children and could result in faith practices that are liberating. The Trinity could serve as a framework for a theological anthropology of children. The paper explores insights from key scholars such as Miroslav Volf (1998), Jürgen Moltmann (1991) and Catherine LaCugna (1991) on a relational view of the Trinity to glean resources that could influence a theological understanding of the personhood of children: resources which recognise the full humanity of children and honour their dignity, and interdependence as well as mutuality in faith communities and society. The paper posits that a relational view of the Trinity could provide a sounder foundation for a deeply relational and non-hierarchical Christian view of children that arehonouring, and therefore, promotes faith praxis that is liberating and encourages flourishing.

Need of integrated care model for positive childbirth experience in Indian maternity care services.

Integrated care (IC) models are an emerging trend in healthcare reforms worldwide, especially in the maternal healthcare system. This research focuses on the scope of an integrated model for intrapartum care of women and explores the experience of birth under two intrapartum care models-biomedical and midwifery models, respectively. The term positive childbirth experience (PCE) is a concept defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the recommendations on intrapartum care for a PCE. This study is convinced to employ a qualitative approach to explore how birth is experienced by women under maternity healthcare services in Kerala. A semi-structured interview was conducted to tap into the lived reality of birthing of sixteen first-time mothers (primipara) aged between 20 and 30 years under these two models. Furthermore, five participants have been specifically interviewed after their vaginal birth after a C-section (VBAC) experience. To achieve a systematic cross-case thematic analysis, systematic text condensation (STC) has been employed as a data analysis method. Four main categories were identified through the analysis as follows: (1) information and knowledge, (2) confidence, (3) quality of care, and (4) health-promoting perspective. These central themes evolved from 11 subthemes. The data analysis reveals both negative and positive experiences under two care models. It emphasizes the urgent need to reframe the biomedical-focused care model and adopt an integrated approach that aligns with the global intrapartum care model proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018 and the definition of IC mentioned in the paper.

Scripts and Social Cognition

To explain how social cognition normally serves us in real life, we need to ask which factors contribute to specific social interactions. Recent accounts, and mostly pluralistic models, have started incorporating contextual and social factors in explanations of social cognition. In this paper, I further motivate the importance of contextual and identity factors for social cognition. This paper presents scripts as an alternative resource in social cognition that can account for contextual and identity factors. Scripts are normative and context-sensitive knowledge structures that describe behavior in terms of corresponding events, situations, social roles, individuals, or mental state types in a way that guides action. The script approach presented here builds on recent accounts of social cognition but points out important differences and possible advantages it has over them: for example, the script approach focuses even more strongly on context and identity.

평화선을 둘러싼 시마네현의 독도 주변 수역에 대한 인식

The purpose of this study is to shed light on how the perception of the waters around Dokdo in Shimane Prefecture surrounding the Peace Line was expressed. Based on the theoretical background of the politicization of fishing rights, the discussion will focus on the moments that led Shimane Prefecture to transform the issue of captured fishing boats in waters around Dokdo into a sovereignty issue from the declaration of the peace line in January 1952 to the conclusion of the normalization of diplomatic relations between Korea and Japan in June 1965. Shimane Prefecture regarded the declaration of the peace line as a political measure aimed at cracking down on Japanese fishermen in the waters around Dokdo and the fishing grounds on the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula. Above all, Shimane Prefecture recognized the Peace Line as an unreasonable fishing border and argued that the Korean government's seizure of Japanese fishing boats was an illegal act. Moreover, while the Japanese media was raising the illegality of the peace ship, fabricated reports about the capture of Japanese fishing boats that landed on Dokdo provided an excuse to escalate the Dokdo issue. What is noteworthy is that Shimane Prefecture's self-centered perception of the Peace Ship originated from a distortion of the wrong facts resulting from changes in the Japanese government's fishing policy, rather than from a sense of victimization among fishing boats and fishermen captured by Korea. In other words, Shimane Prefecture's perception of the waters around Dokdo surrounding the Peace Line was expressed through the politicization of fishing rights, where the distorted facts of fishermen entrenched by Japan's fisheries policy infiltrated their real lives and escalated beyond securing the right to survive to a question of sovereignty.

Pastoral Counseling Care for People with Depression Impacts Self-harm and Suicidal Ideation

People with depression have potential and symptoms that lead to acts of self-harm and a desire to end life. Conventional approaches in this regard, medical and psychological approaches, can overcome depression but have limitations, so there is a crucial need to expand interventions, including in spiritual contexts. People with depression must be helped holistically so that Pastoral Counseling Assistance can be the answer. This paper aims to describe pastoral counseling assistance as an indispensable effort for sufferers (victims) of depression impacting self-harm and suicide to get complete and sustainable recovery by restoring themselves, reasoning, and having hope and enthusiasm to live the reality of life. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature-review approach to obtaining relevant data. The results of this study show that holistic pastoral counseling assistance and using an integrated approach based on conditions and needs is effective in helping people with depression overcome depression and negative impulses.

Characterizing Human Habits in the Lab.

Habits pose a fundamental puzzle for those aiming to understand human behavior. They pervade our everyday lives and dominate some forms of psychopathology but are extremely hard to elicit in the lab. In this Registered Report, we developed novel experimental paradigms grounded in computational models, which suggest that habit strength should be proportional to the frequency of behavior and, in contrast to previous research, independent of value. Specifically, we manipulated how often participants performed responses in two tasks varying action repetition without, or separately from, variations in value. Moreover, we asked how this frequency-based habitization related to value-based operationalizations of habit and self-reported propensities for habitual behavior in real life. We find that choice frequency during training increases habit strength at test and that this form of habit shows little relation to value-based operationalizations of habit. Our findings empirically ground a novel perspective on the constituents of habits and suggest that habits may arise in the absence of external reinforcement. We further find no evidence for an overlap between different experimental approaches to measuring habits and no associations with self-reported real-life habits. Thus, our findings call for a rigorous reassessment of our understanding and measurement of human habitual behavior in the lab.

Deconstructing Ex Machina (2014): a feminist-psychoanalytic exploration of female artificial intelligences

This article examines the portrayal of female artificial intelligences (AIs) in Hollywood's science fiction (SF) films, with a primary focus on Ex Machina. Employing feminist and psychoanalytic perspectives, the study critically reassesses how socio-cultural expectations and patriarchal desires shape the cinematic representation of female AIs. It seeks to address a nuanced gap by revealing the unconscious psychological forces that mold gendered imprints within technology and analyzing how (female) AIs, positioned as posthuman beings, not only mirror but engage in the construction of femininity for the fulfillment of male fantasies and the subversion of male dominance, accomplished through the strategic manipulation of “artificial skin” and gynoid bonding. Finally, this paper aims to contribute to the broader discourse on gender dynamics surrounding female AIs and their power relations with humanity in the cinematic SF. It explores the narrative functions of intelligent fembots, which may disrupt patriarchal narratives both in reel life and, perhaps, real life.

Setting S&T perspective priorities in an era of complexity and uncertainty: a case for megacities

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to create a methodological approach for identifying priority areas for science and technology (S&T) development and its empirical application within the city of Moscow. This research uncovers a wide range of multicultural and multidisciplinary global trends that will affect the development of major cities in an era of complexity and uncertainty, including the inherent complexity of urban contexts, demographic and socioeconomic trends, as well as scientific and ecological factors.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach is based on classic foresight instruments. Its novelty lays in the blending of qualitative and quantitative methods specially selected as the most appropriate for the identification of S&T areas in an era of complexity and uncertainty, including horizon scanning, bibliometric analysis, expert surveys and the construction of composite indexes with respect to the scope and resources of the research and the selected object for empirical application – Moscow, which is one of the world’s largest megacities. The analysis was performed for the period of 2009–2018 and expert procedures took place in 2019.FindingsAs a result, 25 global trends were identified, evaluated and discussed over the course of an expert survey and subsequent expert events. Ten priority areas of S&T development were determined, including 62 technological sub-areas within them and the most important market niches for all identified technological sub-areas, which could be useful for the world’s megacities. The results of this study are illustrated using the construction sector. Based on the conducted research and results, a list of recommendations on S&T policy measures and instruments were suggested, including the creation of the Moscow Innovation Cluster, which by the end of 2023 contained more than 6,000 projects and initiatives, selected using the findings of this investigation.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the existing literature and research agenda of setting priorities for S&T development and shows how it can be done for a megacity. The blended foresight methodology that was created within the study satisfies the criteria of scientific originality, is repeatable for any interested researcher, is applicable to any other city in the world and demonstrates its high efficiency in empirical application. It could be used for creating new agenda items in S&T policy, setting S&T priorities for a megacity and integrating the results into decision-making processes. This study provides recommendations on the further implementation of the designed methodology and results into a policymaking system. Moreover, the example of the Moscow Innovation Cluster, which was created based on the results of our research, demonstrates these recommendations’ practical significance in real life, which is quite valuable. The limitation of this study is that it is not devoted to urban planning issues directly or the promotion of R&D areas; it is about setting promising S&T priorities in an era of complexity and uncertainty for megacities.

INTEGRATING SYSTEMS THINKING AND PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN SUPPORTING BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS: A PROPOSED MODEL FOR FILIPINO STEM STUDENTS

INTEGRATING SYSTEMS THINKING AND PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN SUPPORTING BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS: A PROPOSED MODEL FOR FILIPINO STEM STUDENTS

Overlapping spaces and identities in Quiara Alegría Hudes’s Water by the Spoonful: a metatheatrical approach

This article discusses the overlapping relationship between setting diversification and character creation as experimented by Puerto Rican American playwright Quiara Alegría Hudes (1977–) in her metatheatrical drama Water by the Spoonful (2011). The play, which emerges in a second chronological order in Hudes’s so-called Elliot Trilogy, presents diasporic characters of different ethnicities and mixed cultural backgrounds as operating interactively within three different, though intersecting, realms or spaces: the real world, virtual cyberspace, and metaphysical space. The real world of the play features interacting Puerto Rican Americans, Japanese Americans, African Americans, and White Americans in a way that highlights their ethnocultural diversity in real American, Puerto Rican, and Japanese settings. Some of these binational, bilingual, and bicultural characters, who belong to different generations (20 s, 30 s, 40 s, 50 s), also occupy, and actually favor, the virtual realm or cyberspace of the internet where they assume unreal identities but negotiate real issues spurred by real life circumstances and reveal secrets about themselves and their families through online group therapy sessions. The metaphysical space is used as a magical realist element and is exclusively reserved by Hudes for exposing her Puerto Rican American characters’ restless spiritual and mental struggle with the obsessive feelings of nostalgia, homesickness, regret, and displacement. The three realms or spaces intersect and collide in a way that determines the social attitudes and psychological moods of diasporic characters.

Color constancy in real-world settings.

Color constancy denotes the ability to assign a particular and stable color percept to an object, irrespective of its surroundings and illumination. The light reaching the eye confounds illumination and spectral reflectance of the object, making the recovery of constant object color an ill-posed problem. How good the visual system is at accomplishing this task is still a matter of heated debate, despite more than a 100 years of research. Depending on the laboratory task and the specific cues available to observers, color constancy was found to be at levels ranging between 15% and 80%, which seems incompatible with the relatively stable color appearance of objects around us and the consistent usage of color names in real life. Here, we show close-to-perfect color constancy using real objects in a natural task and natural environmental conditions, chosen to mimic the role of color constancy in everyday life. Participants had to identify the color of a (non-present) item familiar to them in an office room under five different experimental illuminations. They mostly selected the same colored Munsell chip as their match to the absent object, even though the light reaching the eye in each case differed substantially. Our results demonstrate that color constancy under ideal conditions in the real world can indeed be exceptionally good. We found it to be as good as visual memory permits and not generally compromised by sensory uncertainty.

Photovoice: A Method to Interrogate Positionality and Critical Reflexivity

Photovoice is a visual method for interrogating subjective perspectives. Rather than solely relying on investigator-developed tools, photovoice allows participants to inform research by “showing” their lived realities through photographs, resulting in a more collaborative, inclusive, and community-informed process. Though applicable to a wide range of social science research, photovoice remains relatively underutilized, especially as a tool for interrogating reflexivity. Given its power to reveal the unseen, this paper considers the potential for photovoice as a self-reflexive tool by turning the lens towards the investigator. Though typically used by the researcher to enhance transparency and navigate power differentials in community-based participatory research, photovoice may also be an exercise in reflexivity. What hidden biases and assumptions might all investigators have that could be revealed through this process? Investigating photovoice as a means for self- inquiry is considered alongside calls emphasizing a need to center research inclusivity, positionality, and critical reflection in the research process. Implications for future research and training are discussed.

Unravelling the constitutional settlement: devolution, democracy and patronage in eastern Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT Like other conflict-torn societies, Sri Lankans have long sought to build peace through constitutional re-design with devolution of power and minority protections. However, the preoccupation with legal norms and institutions runs counter to the widely-held conviction that politicians routinely transgress norms and twist institutions. It is thus imperative to study the lived political realities of power-sharing arrangements, rather than their intended design. The 1987 Thirteenth Amendment devolved state power to the provinces to assuage Tamil separatism. The limited academic work that exists on the Provincial Council system outlines its shortcomings and failures, but there is little scholarship of the councils as a political arena in their own right. This article discusses the politics around the Eastern Provincial Council, especially the brief but unique period between 2015 and 2017 when it was run by Tamil and Muslim parties. More specifically, the empirical material pivots on three Sinhala, Tamil and Muslim Ministers in the Eastern Province and two lower-ranking Muslim politicians. The Provincial Council has very different meaning, legitimacy and utility to these diverse political figures. I argue that we must consider these diverse ethno-nationalist manifestations of provincial politics to understand what the Provincial Council system entails in Sri Lanka.

Application of transcranial alternating current stimulation to improve eSports-related cognitive performance.

Electronic Sports (eSports) is a popular and still emerging sport. Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) and First/Third Person Shooting Games (FPS/TPS) require excellent visual attention abilities. Visual attention involves specific frontal and parietal areas, and is associated with alpha coherence. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a principally suitable tool to improve cognitive functions by modulation of regional oscillatory cortical networks that alters regional and larger network connectivity. In this single-blinded crossover study, 27 healthy college students were recruited and exposed to 10 Hz tACS of the right frontoparietal network. Subjects conducted a Visual Spatial Attention Distraction task in three phases: T0 (pre-stimulation), T1 (during stimulation), T2 (after-stimulation), and an eSports performance task which contained three games ("Exact Aiming," "Flick Aiming," "Press Reaction") before and after stimulation. The results showed performance improvements in the "Exact Aiming" task and hint for a prevention of reaction time performance decline in the "Press Reaction" task in the real, as compared to the sham stimulation group. We also found a significant decrease of reaction time in the visual spatial attention distraction task at T1 compared to T0 in the real, but not sham intervention group. However, accuracy and inverse efficiency scores (IES) did not differ between intervention groups in this task. These results suggest that 10 Hz tACS over the right frontal and parietal cortex might improve eSports-related skill performance in specific tasks, and also improve visual attention in healthy students during stimulation. This tACS protocol is a potential tool to modulate neurocognitive performance involving tracking targets, and might be a foundation for the development of a new concept to enhance eSports performance. This will require however proof in real life scenarios, as well optimization.

Conflict Under Incapacitation and Revenge: A Game-Theoretic Exploration

Abstract In real life, winning a conflict sometimes does not end the conflict. Revenge motivations can stay and provide momentum to the conflict, thus leading to further escalation of the conflict. This is known as the value effect or vengeance effect of revenge. However, the presence of revenge can lead to de-escalation of the conflict out of self-deterrence and sometimes retaliation out of revenge is not possible if the combatant is incapacitated. Hence, the impact of revenge on the level of violence is a priori not clear. This paper is an attempt to answer that question. Using a two-period game of conflict this paper tries to show how desire and capabilities of the combatants to exact revenge can influence the intensity of the conflict. This paper shows the following: how the strategies of the combatants are influenced by the value effect of revenge, self-deterrence and incapacitation of the combatants; how the stronger combatant is in a favourable position in the conflict and can prevent its opponent from going into second period conflict out of revenge; when the combatants are equally strong the intensity of the conflict starts falling with time. It also lays out some real-life conflicts and existing empirical work to support the results.

Cumulative ecological risk and cyberbullying among college students: a chain mediation model.

Cyberbullying among college students has been receiving increased research attention. Previous studies have focused primarily on the impact of a single risk factor on cyberbullying among college students. However, individual behavior is influenced by multiple ecosystems simultaneously, including family, school, and peers. To explore the effects of a single risk factor alone is not in line with the reality of everyday life, and the effect of the single risk factor can often be overestimated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of multiple risk factors, namely cumulative ecological risk, on cyberbullying, while analyzing the mediating roles of belief in a just world and moral disengagement. A survey was conducted among 805 college students from two universities in Hebei Province, China, using the cumulative ecological risk questionnaire, the cyberbullying scale, the belief in a just world scale, and the moral disengagement scale. The results showed that: (a) Cumulative ecological risk was positively correlated with moral disengagement and cyberbullying, and negatively correlated with belief in a just world. Belief in a just world was negatively correlated with moral disengagement and cyberbullying. Moral disengagement was positively correlated with cyberbullying; (b) Belief in a just world partially mediated the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and cyberbullying; (c) Moral disengagement partially mediated the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and cyberbullying; (d) Belief in a just world and moral disengagement played a chain mediating role between cumulative ecological risk and college students' cyberbullying. This study provides valuable insight for the reduction of cyberbullying behavior among college students, and offers suggestions on how to create a more favorable online environment.