Quality Of Capital Research Articles

Nonlinear effects of ‘normal traumas’ on human capital

The article considers the complication of social and cultural traumas under the global-local complexity and the transition to the dominance of nonlinear development. One of the types of the contemporary complex traumas is the ‘normal trauma’ that manifests itself as ‘naturally’ occurring fluctuations, bifurcations, gaps, paradoxes and metamorphoses. The consequences of ‘normal traumas’ for the formation of human capital are ambivalent: on the one hand, they deform the existing values and norms, previously acquired important competences and skills, thereby, knowledge becomes unclaimed; on the other hand, they encourage the creation of new qualities of human capital, necessary for adaptation to complex, nonlinearly developing realities. The author focuses on the ‘normal traumas’ of human capital, which are caused by the processes of globalization, rationalization, digitalization and the post-covid-19 consequences. The author argues that ‘normal traumas’ can and should be managed to minimize and overcome their dysfunctional, dehumanizing effects in order to develop new creative and humane components of human capital. To achieve this goal, the author suggests applying the theoretical-methodological instruments of the humanistic digital turn, ‘rediscovery’ of the significance of substantive rationalities and national-local lifeworlds, and introduction of innovative approaches to the formation of human capital under the effects of global-local complexity and nonlinearity. The author makes a conclusion about the need for the national strategy for the formation of human capital and national-cultural answers to ‘normal traumas’, based on the features of the Russian culture.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DURABILITY OF OPERATIONS FINANCED UNDER THE CAP IN THE OPINION OF AGRICULTURAL ADVISORS

The durability of operations is an important category from the point of view of public policies, including the Common Agricultural policy (CAP). The main objective of the article is to identify and assess factors affecting the durability of CAP financial operations on the example of measure 4.1. “Modernization of farms” based on the opinions of experts – advisors of agricultural advisory centers (ODR). We used primary data from expert surveys amongst agricultural counsellors: CAWI technique was employed. Diversification of production at farm-level, employment outside the farm and running non-agricultural activities should be assessed as key internal factors having a beneficial impact on the durability of the investment. The significant internal factors that were considered to have a strongly unfavorable impact on the durability of investments projects are those related to the insufficient level of capital and land held. Specialization in milk production, then pig production had a beneficial effect on durability of operations. Strengthening the quality of human capital in rural areas, including farm management should be recommended. This includes strengthening their flexibility and resilience, for example through diversification.

The Role of Human Capital in Security Crises Management An Exploratory Study in A number of the Iraq Ministry of Interior (MOI) Departments

The research aims to assess the role of human capital (knowledge, training, capacities) and its reflection on enhancing security crises management (damage containment, recovery and learning). The sample was chosen from the leaderships at the Ministry of Interior(MOI)/Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency .The sample size was (160) and the total research community reached (230), distributed between (General Director, Directorate Director, Department Director), and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the descriptive analytical method was used, and the questionnaire was the main tool for data collection, and the conclusions were drawn from its analysis through the analytical method and statistical programs, as the dimensions of human capital have achieved paths of direct and moral impact in the security crises management .This requires paying attention to the human capital working in the agency’s formations. As well as many recommendations were presented the most important of them was the necessity of MOI /Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency focusing on the quality of human capital, for the purpose of maintaining a good relationship, especially in the security crises management.

Clustering of the Russian Federation regions by human capital development level

Subject. This article discusses the issues of heterogeneity of the socio-economic space of Russia. Objectives. The article aims to determine the priority areas of regional socio-economic policy depending on the level of human capital development. Methods. For the study, we used logical and statistical analyses. Results. The article finds that the regions of Russia differ significantly in terms of economic parameters and highlights general measures aimed at improving the quality of human capital. Relevance. The results of the study can be used to design programmes for the development of economic sectors.

Features and factors of human capital formation in the agricultural sector of the economy

Human capital and the processes of its effective formation and development are key factors in economic growth, especially in the agricultural sector. Scientific interest in this topic is driven by the need to create conditions for the formation and improvement of the efficiency of human potential in this sector of the economy. Accordingly, the aim of the research was to conduct a theoretical analysis of the mechanisms of human capital formation and development in the agricultural sector, to define the main criteria and indicators for its assessment, to identify factors that contribute to or hinder the development of human potential, and to develop practical recommendations aimed at attracting human capital to this area of economic activity. The research was based on the scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers dedicated to the development of human capital, with special attention given to works that illuminate the socio-economic aspects in the agro-industry. This ensured a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the study. The research utilized methods of synthesis, systematization, generalization, comparative analysis, and others. An important aspect of the research was determining the necessary conditions for attracting young people to the agricultural sector. In this context, particular importance is attached to the development of strategies that promote the integration and retention of young specialists, which can be a decisive factor in the long-term perspective for the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. As a result, specific recommendations were formulated (expanding educational programs, providing stimulating career opportunities, improving social infrastructure in rural areas) aimed at effectively improving the quality of human capital in the agricultural sector and promoting effective interaction among participants in the agricultural labor market. The proposed measures will contribute to the development of a more innovative, inclusive, and productive work environment in the agricultural sector, which is an important step towards achieving food independence for the country.

The Role of Technology Mastery, Quality of Human Capital, and Wage Rate on Labour Demand In Java Island

Uneven demand for labor in Java Island causes economic inequality. this study aims to determine how the influence of technological mastery, the quality of human resources, and the level of wages on labor demand on the island of Java. this study uses qualitative methods with panel data, through model selection followed by model feasibility tests and classical assumption tests. The result of this research is known that XI with Prob. 0.0321 <0.05, then X1 has a significant effect on Y, for X2 with a Prob value. 0.0000 <0.05, then X2 has a significant effect on Y, and X3 with a prob value. This study concludes that mastery of technology can increase the demand for labor but hurt the decline in the demand for ordinary labor. the quality of human resources has a positive effect on the demand for labor on the island of Java and the level of wages hurts the demand for labor, when wages rise, the demand for labor will decrease. To equalize the demand for labor in Java, the government must equalize the development of good public facilities, easy access, and superior training, so that entrepreneurs are interested in building new economic sectors in areas in Java. thus the demand for labour will occur evenly not only in big cities but also in other regions.

Advancing South-South cooperation in education: Indonesian experience with South Africa

Education collaboration is important to increase the quality of human capital. South-South cooperation is conducted to exchange resources, technology, skills, and knowledge between southern countries. The purpose of this research is to investigate the collaboration between Indonesia and South Africa toward advancing South-South Cooperation in education. The data collection used in this qualitative research is an interview and literature study with 9 purposive informants from the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Indonesia Ministry of Education and Culture, and the Embassy of South Africa. The data were obtained within six months. The interview was primarily used to explore the roles and practices of government institutions and universities in fostering education collaboration and human resources development. In this study, the South-South Cooperation helps Indonesia address its educational needs. The result showed that most international education cooperation between both countries is agreed upon at the University-to-University level through a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), facing less sustainable challenges and low impact. Therefore, an investment-led model, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and a tool to monitor and evaluate this process are needed to improve South-South Cooperation to achieve its goals.

ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ РАБОТНИКОВ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ КОМПАНИИ: ПРОБЛЕМы УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ

The article examines the issues of managing the development of human capital of transport company workers, analyzes the problematic situation of the need to develop professional competencies of repair shop workers and the reasons for the lack of motivation for their training and development. The need to improve the level of qualifi cations of workers and the need for investment in human capital is emphasized, the need to develop in workers such professional competencies that would meet the needs of the modern labor market is noted. Under these conditions, it becomes clear why companies need to competently build a human 
 capital management system. During the empirical study, an expert interview with company managers and a questionnaire survey of employees were conducted, an analysis of the most important professional competencies was carried out, and a rating of signifi cant qualities of the human capital of employees of this company was compiled.

Transparency of local policy-making and participatory budgeting in North Macedonia and Slovakia

Participatory budgeting (PB) can have many effects including greater legitimacy of investment decisions due to the inclusion of citizens in determining investment priorities. This leads to greater continuous participation, engagement, education and increased civic responsibility, thus achieving greater transparency in public expenditure, while encouraging accountability and responsibility of politicians. It serves as an instrument for social innovation and has positive effects on the quality of deliberation, democracy, and social capital. This study is conducting pilot research of an international project, and it focuses on the possible effects in transparency in public policy at the local level. The paper aims to explore the influence of participatory budgeting on fiscal transparency and citizens’ participation in financial decision-making among the local governments in North Macedonia and Slovakia. The findings indicate that local budget transparency is positively associated with sustainability of the PB process for both countries, furthermore the higher the level of transparency in the 2018 period, the higher the probability that PB would still be ongoing in 2022 in both countries.

Pandemics and Economic Complexity: A Cross-Country Analysis

This paper is the first attempt to empirically examine the impact of pandemics on economic complexity in a cross-country setting. We employ a unique and recently developed measure of pandemic intensity, which is the World Pandemic Discussion Index. Using panel-corrected standard error regressions on a panel dataset of 90 countries from 1996 to 2019, we find that an increase in pandemic discussion could reduce economic complexity. Further heterogeneity tests show that this detrimental effect of pandemics only occurs in emerging and low-income countries, or in countries with low levels of institutional quality. By using mechanism analysis, we also find that pandemics reduce economic complexity via deteriorating the quality of human capital. These findings are robust to a comprehensive battery of robustness and sensitivity checks. Overall, our paper could provide valuable implications for policy makers in devising measures to support the economic recovery process post-pandemics.

ПУТИ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ УПРАВЛЕНЦЕВ ДЛЯ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ

The economic growth of the state depends on the quality of human capital in the national labor market. This factor is provided by the education system, primarily professional. The quality of vocational education largely depends on how effectively senior and middle managers of higher educational institutions work. Therefore, the problem of providing universities with highly qualified managers is extremely relevant. The use of talent management, which is popular in the modern world, can help solve this problem. But the mechanical transfer of standard approaches of talent management is unproductive, since it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the educational organization’s activities. Therefore, the competence model of heads of institutions of higher professional education differs from that for other business areas and should be unique to a certain extent, i.e. reflecting the peculiarities of corporate culture and specialization of a particular university. An essential condition is the fact that university leaders must manage the competitiveness of the university, which requires competitive competencies in combination with academic ones. In the course of the research, general scientific methods were used (analysis of publications on the research topic, the method of expert assessments, etc.). The result of the study were conclusions that should become the basis for the development of a management training system for higher educational institutions.

ОБЗОР СИСТЕМ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО НАЙМА ЖИЛОЙ НЕДВИЖИМОСТИ: ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫЙ И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ

The article presents an overview of the systems of social hiring of residential real estate, considering both domestic and foreign experience. The problem of affordable housing is relevant both in the global and in the Russian context, and the social housing rental system plays an important role in solving it. The research is aimed at a comparative analysis of the development of such systems in the world and Russian experience. The article presents data on the current situation in Russia, notes the lack of affordable housing and imperfections in the organization of the social hiring system. One of the priority and socially significant tasks being solved by the state at the moment is the creation of comfortable living conditions for citizens, providing them with decent housing. Constantly increasing social needs lead to the need for a qualitative change in the structure of the housing market, where one of the ways to solve the issue is to increase the supply of affordable and comfortable housing provided by solvent demand through the introduction of a mechanism for providing social housing. The improvement of the rental housing market system is defined as a necessary condition for building a post-industrial economy, increasing the territorial mobility of the active population, forming new standards of housing quality and the quality of human capital. Successful practices are considered in an international context, including projects from Singapore, France and the USA, which can be an example for development in Russia. The main recommendations for improving the social hiring system include the development of programs for the construction and reconstruction of residential complexes, the establishment of affordable rental prices, and the creation of favorable infrastructure around social housing complexes.

Analysis and assessment of the quality of economic growth in Ukraine based on international ratings.

To confront the multidimensional challenges and crises of the 21st Century and to bring about transformative changes in the economy, policymakers need a tool that assesses the quality of economic growth in terms of both factors affecting productivity and consequences for people’s livelihoods and the environment. It is recognized that GDP alone is not sufficient to measure progress towards socially and economically inclusive, equitable and sustainable development. On behalf of the UN Secretary General, studies “beyond GDP” are carried out, aimed at updating and supplementing the UN System of National Accounts – 2008. There is also an update of the international organizations approaches to conduct rating studies of the countries based on balanced systems of indicators of well-being and progress, inclusive and sustainable development. The analysis of the results of such studies made it possible to conclude that in the conditions of worsening systemic risks, the assessment of the quality of economic growth in the country requires a comprehensive multidimensional system of indicators. It should cover, in addition to the volume of GDP per capita and the productivity factors, indicators of the quality of human capital, environmental sustainability, the quality of the management system, in particular, the regulatory and legal framework that forms the long-term development trajectory, the business environment and infrastructure, thereby influencing innovativeness, inclusiveness and resilience of society to shocks and threats. To assess the quality of economic growth in Ukraine, an analysis of the country’s position based on indicators of the economic policy impact on innovativeness, inclusiveness, stability and sustainability was carried out using the materials of the Future of Growth Report 2024 and the Sustainable Competitiveness Report 2023. Drivers and obstacles for the balanced development of Ukraine’s economy are identified, especially the low management capacity for changes towards inclusiveness, stability and sustainability. Proposals have been made to expand the range of indicators for evaluating the innovativeness and sustainability of economic growth in Ukraine, in particular for evaluating the results of the implementation of the Strategy for the Development of Innovation Activity for the period until 2030.

Da li su preduzetništvo i ljudski kapital pokretači regionalnog rasta? - empirijsko istraživanje na nivou NUTS 3 subregiona u Republici Srbiji

The paper presents different concepts of regional economic growth, according to which the educational structure of the working age population and entrepreneurial activity significantly contribute to the improvement of economic performance. It also analyzes the role of the entrepreneurial activity and the quality of human capital in regional economic growth in Serbia in the period from 2011 to 2020 using a sample of 25 NUTS 3 level sub-regions. The results of the evaluation of the three selected panel models indicate that entrepreneurial activities play a vital role in the growth of gross added value at the level of the sub-region. Given the fact that the main theoretical and numerous empirical findings suggest that bearers of regional development should be entrepreneurs who possess the appropriate knowledge, abilities, creativity and skills, the recommendation for the creators of public policies is to continuously work on improving the business climate and building a stimulating entrepreneurial environment. Such an environment can encourage highly educated individuals to become the key bearers of entrepreneurial activities.

МЕСТО ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА В СИСТЕМЕ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИОННЫХ «СДРУЖЕНИЙ» РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

Modernization of the regional economy as a phenomenon is a complex process of progressive economic, environmental, political, and social changes that occur in the context of the fourth industrial revolution, their goal is the transition to a highly developed, sustainable society with a high level of quality of life. Human capital, its growth and a radically new role are also associated with the processes of modernization of society. The doctrine that underlies modernization indicates that this process is directly due to the accumulated human capital. The integration and development of technologies, which are a necessary component of modernization shifts, require the transformation of knowledge and new competencies of the employee. The Agenda of the future emphasizes the importance of human interaction in the postmodern economy through functions in the field of marketing and sales, creating and filling information content, working with different types of personalities and with different skill levels. The consequence of modernization changes is the formation of a new quality of human capital.

Physician Coaching: An Intervention to Address the Burnout Gender Gap Among Physicians

Burnout is a prolonged response to chronic stressors, characterized by emotional exhaustion, feelings of cynicism and depersonalization, and low sense of personal accomplishment. Burnout is well documented among physicians. Additionally, numerous studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of burnout among women-identifying physicians compared to men-identifying physicians. Recently, multiple randomized controlled trials have shown that professional coaching for physicians significantly decreased burnout and emotional exhaustion and improved resilience, quality of life, work engagement, self-compassion, and psychological capital. To begin addressing the unique drivers of women physicians, specifically physician mothers, we designed and implemented a group coaching program that addressed drivers of burnout for physician mothers. We found that group coaching is an affordable and well-received intervention that can help address burnout drivers of physician mothers and begin to narrow the burnout gender gap. [ Psychiatr Ann. 2024;54(1):e14–e18.]

ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ В УСЛОВИЯХ НИЗКОЙ БЕЗРАБОТИЦЫ

In the modern world, the Russian Federation is facing great political and economic pressure from many countries. Many industries are facing a shortage of skilled employees, and because of historically low level of unemployment, enterprises are forced to compete for necessary employees. This article discusses the importance of human capital and its growth for economic development. The Agenda of the future emphasizes the importance of human interaction in the postmodern economy through functions in the field of marketing and sales, creating and filling information content, working with different types of personalities and with different skill levels. The consequence of modernization changes is the formation of a new quality of human capital.

Измерение и оценка человеческого капитала для рынка труда региона

Despite the rapidly growing bibliography and a relative scientific consensus, the measurement of human capital at different levels, degrees of detail, socio-economic traditions remains a topical issue due to the use of various conceptualisation, measurement and interpretation techniques. However, the results of obtaining and measuring human capital so far have fallen short of expectations for a number of reasons, some of which are addressed in this article. Considering the specificity and diversity of Russian regions, assessment of their human capital gained importance in Russian scientific discourse in both quantitative and qualitative research. The present study aims to examine the influence of significant factors, including those determining regional specificity, on the self-assessment of human capital for the labour market in different segments of the economically active population. To obtain data, a new (for Russian scientific discourse) method of asking a group of questions and measuring total human capital for the labour market was applied. The study used the authors’ database and identified groups of factors and their effect on the self-assessment of human capital in accordance with well-known theoretical propositions. As a result, the article explained the influence of both external (satisfaction with living in a region and trust in local authorities) and traditional factors on the quality of human capital for some categories of the working population on the example of a specific Russian region.

Housing and human capital: Assessing the interrelation

The article analyzes the existing approaches to the assessment of human capital. The authors of the article propose a method for assessing the impact of the level of development of the housing sector in the regions of Russia on regional human capital. The assessment is made by means of calculating the aggregated characteristics: The Human Capital Index and the Housing Index. When calculating the Human Capital Index in the regions, its qualitative and quantitative components are evaluated. The results of the assessment display a fairly significant impact of the housing sector on formation of both quality and quantity of regional human capital. The results of the calculations also indicate a significant heterogeneity of regional development and a more unfavorable situation in the demographic sphere compared to the education and qualifications of the population.

Глобальная бедность и структурные сдвиги в экономике

Over the past 30 years, the world has achieved significant success in the fight against global poverty. However, progress in reducing its scale varies greatly in different parts of the world. Today, the epicenter of this calamity lies in Sub-Saharan Africa. The concentration of poverty in several places on the planet does not make the study of sources and dynamics of this phenomenon any less relevant. It is simultaneously both the root cause and the consequence of many current global challenges. The article focuses on analyzing the connection between the dynamics of poverty and structural shifts in the economies of developing countries. The authors note that for a long time, an important mechanism for reducing poverty in poor countries was the outflow of unskilled labor from the agricultural sector to the industrial one. As long as labor-intensive technologies were used in industry, it effectively absorbed the uneducated agricultural population, increasing their income and lifting them out of poverty. However, innovative labor-saving technologies and the digitization of economy have slowed down this process.Modern economy requires fewer workers while placing high demands on the quality of human capital. Poor African countries, caught up amid global technological shifts, have faced major challenges. One of the main ones includes the low level of education and vocational training, as well as the absence of not only computer literacy but also basic literacy. Under such conditions, innovation cannot organically develop, create high-tech jobs, and contribute to poverty reduction. Our contribution to academic literature lies in the demonstration, based on empirical materials, of various models of reducing global poverty in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. We also draw attention to possible mechanisms of this reduction and their transformation against the backdrop of the implementation of modern advanced technologies.