Qu Values Research Articles

Effect of Grain Size and Porosity/Binder Index on the Unconfined Compressive Strength, Stiffness and Microstructure of Cemented Colombian Sands

Artificial cementation of granular soils results in improved stabilization, increased stiffness, and greater mechanical strength. The porosity index and volumetric cement content (η/Civa) is presented as a key measure to study the evolution of different soil stabilization types. However, this index had not been previously studied or adjusted for sands in Colombia. Therefore, this study evaluates the applicability of the (η/Civa) index on unconfined compressive strength (qu) and stiffness (Go), complemented by microstructural analysis, in four sandy soils from Luruaco (Atlántico), Lorica (Córdoba), Medellín (Antioquia), and Bogotá D.C. The soils were stabilized with Type III Portland cement in dosages of 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, and subjected to UCS, ultrasound, and SEM-EDS tests after a curing period of 7 days. It was found that increasing cement content results in higher qu values for the samples, and higher molding density also leads to higher qu values. Additionally, the grain size distribution influenced the adjustment of parameter “a”. In the sands from Bogotá and Lorica, with high uniformity, the value of “a” was 1.00. In contrast, mineralogy and particle shape played a predominant role in the sands from Medellín and Luruaco, where the coefficient of uniformity is higher, suggesting a possible inverse relationship between particle angularity and the value of “a”.

Assessing the effects of horizontal loads on the ultimate vertical bearing capacity of energy piles: A comparative numerical and analytical study

Previous studies have not extensively explored the collective impact of lateral, axial, and thermal loading on the ultimate vertical bearing capacity of energy piles, qu. This study investigates qu values for energy piles in dry sandy and clayey soils under varying lateral loads and temperature conditions using numerical and analytical solutions, considering temperature-dependent variables. The numerical results were validated against experimental data. The analytical solution aligns well with numerical analyses, though it yields slightly higher qu values in sandy soil. Both numerical and analytical solutions show that cooling and heating can respectively increase and decrease qu under corresponding conditions. Numerical simulations indicate that in clay, lateral load enhances qu, with increases ranging from 8 % to 20 % across different thermomechanical conditions. In sand, the effect of lateral load depends on thermal conditions, increasing by 2 %–5 % during cooling and decreasing by 3 %–5 % during heating. The analytical solution showed that increasing lateral load would increase qu in sand by 0.5 %–2 % and in clay by 1 %–5 %, with a more significant increase in clay. Analytical and numerical parametric studies also revealed the higher influence of soil cohesion and pile diameter on qu values under different thermomechanical conditions.

Application of a cement–clay–air foam mixture as a lightweight embankment material for construction on soft clay

Lightweight air foam materials can be used in pavement structures, for example, as embankments and subbase and base layers. Soft clay can be mixed with cement and air foam to generate a lightweight material. However, most previous studies have presented only laboratory test results for these materials and have not shown real-world applicability. The current study aims to demonstrate the application of a cement–clay–air foam mixture as a lightweight embankment material to reduce the settlement of soft Bangkok clay foundations induced by embankment weight. An experimental investigation to determine unconfined compressive strength (qu) was initially conducted in the laboratory to establish the ideal quantities of soft clay, air foam, and ordinary Portland cement required for embankment construction using the clay mixture. A full-scale lightweight embankment of area 14 m × 14 m and height 2.5 m was constructed on an 11 m thick soft clay layer to observe embankment settlement behavior on the soft clay foundation. The qu values of the lightweight materials obtained from the site were 1.3–1.8 times higher than those in laboratory tests. The mixtures with wet field unit weights of 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 kN/m3 exhibited qu values of 430–620 and 770–1000 kPa, respectively, higher than the standard requirements (> 100 kPa for 7 curing days and > 200 kPa for 28 curing days). Based on monitored data, the lightweight embankment reduced settlement by as much as 80 % compared with a traditional embankment. Therefore, lightweight clay materials are recommended for use in the construction of road embankments on soft clay.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ENDOCARP SAWIT UNTUK STABILISASI TANAH LUNAK PEATLAND

During this use Endocarp mostly produced by the oil palm plantation industry. Research is done by mixing Endocarp oil palm that has been sun-dried with maximum dry conditions along with soft clay soil with a content of Endocarp 4%, 6%, and 8%. The sample used in this study is a samples undisturbed , and samples disturbed prepared in the laboratory by mixing clay and Endocarp with a variation of the mixture used is 4%, 6%, and 8% from one bag of clay weighing 2 kg. There is a mix Endocarp the following results were obtained: equal to 1.37 gram/cm3 with a water content of 24.72% (original soil). The CBR value of the mixture Endocarp this study 4%, 6%, 8% obtained the result that the CBR value is mixed Endocarp 4% has the greatest CBR value, which is equal to 7.99% (Unsocked) and 6.69% (socked). The UCT value of the soil will increase in the presence of a mixture Endocarp until mixed Endocarp added by 4% and the UCT value will decrease after the mixture Endocarp above 8% fiber content, maximum UCT value is produced in the mixture Endocarp 4% with a qu value of 0.9295 kg/cm2. The value of the soil shear resistance (su) on the test Vane Shear Test continued to improvement in the mixture Endocarp as much as 4% worth 92 kPa (25 blow condition).

Utilization of fly ash and bottom ash to increase the value of unconfined compression strength on subgrade

Soil is the most important part to support all traffic loads or construction loads placed on it. Soils that have low bearing capacity, such as clay, need stabilization techniques to increase the carrying capacity of the soil. One of the stabilization techniques is to mix the soil with Fly ash and Bottom ash. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Fly ash and Bottom ash on the physical properties of the soil and the value of unconfined compression strength test. The variations of Fly ash and Bottom ash used were Fly ash 0% and 20% and variations of Bottom ash 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% with curing time of 0, 7, 14 and 28 days. Soil is classified according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) method. The results showed that the soil classification was classified as OH, namely organic clay with high plasticity of 21.08%. The results of the unconfined compression strength test show that the addition of fly ash and bottom ash increases the qu value of the clay soil. The optimum qu value was obtained at variation B (Bottom ash 10% and Fly ash 20%) with 28 days curing time of 2,994 kg/cm2. The decrease in the value of qu occurred in variation C (Bottom ash 20% and Fly ash 20%) and variation D (Bottom ash 30% and Fly ash 30%). Soil with the addition of 0% and 20% Fly ash and Bottom ash at variations of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% showed a decrease in the value of the soil plasticity index from 21.083% to 7.511%.

The Study of Liquefied Soil by Using Swedish Weight Sounding Test in Jono Oge Village, Sigi Regency

The liquefaction that occurred on September 28, 2018, caused a massive lateral spreading in certain areas. This study aims to determine and compare the properties of land affected and not affected by liquefaction based on the Swedish Weight Sounding test, as well as the potential for liquefaction at Jono Oge village. The results of this study indicate that the laboratory test results show that the dominant soil classification on the affected and the unaffected soil is poorly graded sand silt (SP-SM). Whereas the results of field testing showed that the Nsw value on the affected soil is in the range 3,33 n/m – 263,16 n/m, the Nsw value on the unaffected soil is in the range 10,00n/m – 357,14 n/m, the qa value on the affected land is in the range up to 240,53 kN/m2, the qa value on the unaffected land is in the range of up to 315,71 kN/m2, the qu value on the affected land is in the range of 2.25 kN/m2 – 247,37 kN/m2, the qu value of unaffected land is in the range of 2.25 kN/m2 – 312,86 kN/m2.

Prediction of the Maximum Compressive Strength Geopolymers Using the Method of Weighted Chemical Compositions of Binders

Geopolymers are composite hard materials made by mixing solid binders such as fly ash and slag, and alkaline liquid activators such as NaOH and sodium silicate. Geopolymers have recently been developed to be used as a replacement for portland cement concrete. Industrial by-products, such as fly ash, steel making slags and garbage melting furnace slags, can be used to create geopolymers in a process that emits less carbon dioxide than does cement making. This reduction in CO2 emission is important because CO2 is one of the substances known to contribute to global warming. In the future, further uses of these fly ashes and slags must be explored. The development of high compressive strength geopolymers using fly ash and slags will strongly contribute to the fields of construction, geotechnical engineering, and architecture. The compressive strength of geopolymers, qu, is generally considered to be a function of the weight ratio of activator to binder, w, and the weight ratio of NaOH to sodium silicate, η. The maximum compressive strength, qumax, is determined as the maximum value among the peak values of qu, which were obtained for various values of w and η. The values of w and η that yield the maximum compressive strength, qumax, are defined as the optimum values wopt and ηopt, respectively. When designing geopolymers, it is essential to establish a method to predict qumax using the chemical compositions of the binders only. This research first determines the chemical and physical properties of geopolymer materials by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) observations, and then determines the mechanical properties of qumax, and finally devises a method to predict qumax by combining SiO2, Al2O3, and CaO in binders.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Bata Merah Sebagai Bahan Stabilisasi Tanah Lempung Ekspansif

The swell-shrink behavior of expansive clay soil cause problems in the construction such as the occurrence of bumpy road, cracking and various other problems, therefore stabilization of the soil is needed to improve the behavior of the soil.Red brick is a building material that contains chemical compounds that can increase the compressive strength of a building. Red brick waste which is rarely used is then reused as a cement mixture.This study aims to determine the type and classification of soil in Cibingbin village, a village located in Cibaliung sub-district, Pandeglang district-Banten province, based on the USCS soil classification system, and to determine the value of unconfined compression test (qu) with the addition of red brick powder with variations the percentage additions were 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% with curing times of 0, 7, 14, and 28 days.From the results of the study, it was found that the soil classification in Cibingbin village was classified as high plasticity organic clay (OH) according to the USCS classification system. The lowest qu value was obtained at 0 days of curing with the percentage of added ingredients 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% increasing the qu value was 1,316 kg/cm2, 1,655 kg/cm2, 2,242 kg/cm2; 2,607 kg/cm2, and the largest qu value was obtained at 14 days of curing with the percentage of added material 0%, 5%. , 10%, 15% obtained 1,639 kg/cm2, 3,189 kg/cm2, 3,440 kg/cm2, dan 3,603 kg/cm2.
 Keywords: Stabilization, Unconfined Compression Strength, Waste Red Brick

STRENGTH PERFORMANCE ON STABILISATION OF SARAWAK SOILS USING GEOCRETE® TECHNOLOGY

This paper presents a study on the stabilisation performance of Sarawak soils using GeoCrete® Technology. GeoCrete is used for stabilisation treatments where the soils are treated with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a binder and GeoCrete® powder (GCP) as an alkaline additive to improve their strength and elasticity. The use of GCP in soil stabilisation was proven to improve the compressive strength of soils by more than twice the initial strength after 28 days of being treated, with the treatments carried out on three identified soils: Clay, silt and sand. This technique has been successfully implemented on farm roads, rural roads and highways. Thus, further investigation of stabilisation with GCP was conducted on peat, which is known as a material with high permeability and low bearing capacity behaviour. The peat samples collected are mixed at a designated percentage of OPC and 2% of GCP. The compacted and treated peat samples with OPC and GCP were prepared at the optimum moisture content, mixed thoroughly to a uniform condition using a laboratory mixer and air cured for 7 and 28 days in a single batch. The results showed that peat stabilised with GCP has an average of more than 40% of the unconfined compressive strength, qu value after 28 days of curing when compared with peat at the natural state.

The Effect of WHA and Lime for Shear Strength of Clay Stabilized by Cement

With the use of the additive, the clay's shear strength and bearing capacity increased. Usage waste material, Wooden Hush Ash (WHA), is tiny. The silicate content of WHA is almost the same as RHA. This study aims to utilize ASK for a stabilization material of high plasticity clay to increase shear strength. Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) tests were performed to compare the UCS value of clay; clay with 5% cement; clay with lime; clay-cement with WHA; clay-cement with lime and WHA; and clay with lime and WHA. Before the UCS test, the sample was separated into two groups: with and without curing for 28 days, and with and without soaking for 4 days. While in conditions unsoaked, the qu value is uniform. Results show, without curing and soaked, qu values of all variations have the same value in the range of 350 kPa to 380 kPa. In conditions with curing 28 days with and without soaked, qu values range from 365 kPa to 485 kPa for mixtures with WHA and a combination of lime with ASK. While adding of 10% lime additive increases the qu value to 1100 kPa UCS testing results prove, with and without curing and soaked, lime is more optimal to increase the value of UCS than WHA. Replacement lime with WHA by 4% to 6% increases the qu value from 160 kPa to 465 kPa and 485 kPa and 110 kPa to 440 kPa to 475 kPa of soaked and unsoaked condition respectively. WHA can be used to reduce lime in soil stabilization.

Thymoquinone and quercetin induce enhanced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer in combination through the Bax/Bcl2 cascade.

The treatments available for non-small cell lung cancer exert various side effects in patients, and the burden of treatment cost is high. Therefore, exploring the alternative system of medicines, including therapies based on natural compounds, has become inevitable in developing anticancer therapeutics. This study used an integrated approach involving in-silico and in-vitro methods to explore natural compounds targeting Bax and Bcl2 for their apoptotic potential. Molecular docking followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of thymoquinone (Tq) and quercetin (Qu) with Bax and Bcl2 were carried out to explore their interactions and stability under explicit solvent conditions. Tq and Qu showed appreciable binding affinities toward Bax (-6.2 and -7.1 kcal/mol, respectively) and Bcl2 (-5.6 and -6.4 kcal/mol, respectively) with well-organized conformational fitting compatibility. The MD simulation results revealed the development of stable complexes maintained by various noncovalent interactions that were preserved throughout the 100 ns trajectories. Further studies with these compounds were carried out using various in-vitro experimental approaches like MTT assay, apoptotic assay, and Western blot. IC50 values of Tq and Qu alone in A549 cells were found to be 45.78and 35.69 µM, while in combination, it comes down to 22.49 µM, which is quite impressive. Similarly, in apoptosis assay, a combination of Tq and Qu shows 50.9% early apoptosis compared to Tq (40.6%) and Qu (33.3%) when taken alone. These assays signify their apoptotic induction potential, whereas both compounds significantly reduce the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl2 and induce proapoptotic Bax, suggestive of sensitizing NSCLS cells towardapoptosis.

Annual Thermal Performance of an Industrial Hybrid Direct–Indirect Solar Air Heating System for Drying Applications in Morelos-México

A theoretical–experimental annual analysis of a hybrid industrial direct–indirect solar air heating system performance for drying was conducted considering temperatures, useful energy Qu, efficiency η, and solar fraction SF. The direct solar air heating system located in Morelos, México, has flat-plate solar air collectors, and the indirect system has flat-plate solar water collectors, a thermal storage tank, a cross-flow fin, and a tube heat exchanger. A validated TRNSYS program modeled the process; the validation was carried out by comparing each component outlet temperature and useful energy with the respective experimental field data. The analysis considered annual usage over seven days a week, nine hours a day (from 09:00 to 18:00 h), and three operation modes. For the direct, indirect, and hybrid operation modes, the Qu values were 31.60, 55.19, and 75.18 MWh/yr; the annual η values were 0.44, 0.41, and 0.42; and the annual SF values were 0.45, and 0.73 for the indirect and hybrid mode, respectively. The hybridization of the direct–indirect solar air heating system increased annual performance by up to 58% in Qu and 42% in SF. The parametric analysis showed that a characteristic working nomogram of the hybrid system could be achieved, correlating the useful energy, efficiency, solar fraction, and operation temperature at a specified mass flow rate, and working temperature.

The Effect of Clay Shale Drying on the Reduction of Compressive Strength and Durability in Bawen Sub-District, Semarang Regency

Clay shale has unstable properties even though it is on a slope having a gentle slope. This raises many geotechnical problems. This study aims to determine the effect of clay shale drying on compressive strength and durability reduction by using samples taken from Kandangan Village, Polisiri Village, Bawen Sub District, Semarang Regency and Central Java. The drying process simulates when the open cut excavation process is exposed to sunlight, such as road excavations and bored pile excavations. The method used is testing the physical property, property of rocks and mechanical property with drying at intervals of 0 minute, 30minutes, 60minutes, and 90minutes. Initial condition of sample had 23 percent - 31 percent of vulnerable water content. The influence of drying can reduce the value of water content; clay shale is really easy in creating the weathering; and all samples of shale clay have very low durability properties. Of all the UCS test samples, it can be said that the longer the drying, the greater the percentage of qu value loss. For testing Modulus Elasticity can be said that the longer the drying, the greater the percentage of loss of E50 value and Etan value. The relationship between UCS and Modulus Elasticity (E50 and Etan) values with the duration of the drying is the longer the drying the greater the lost value of UCS and Modulus Elasticity.

Load-settlement Behavior of Steel Piles in Different Sandy Soil Configurations

In the case where a shallow foundation does not satisfy with design requirements alone, the addition of a pile may be suitable to improve the performance of the foundation design. The lack of in-situ data and the complexity of the issues caused by lagging in the research area of pile foundations are notable. In this study, different types of piles were used under the same geometric conditions to determine the load-settlement relationships with various sandy soil relative densities. The ultimate pile capacity for each selected pile is obtained from a modified California Bearing Ratio (CBR) machine to be suitable for axial pile loading. Based on the results, the values of Qu for close-ended square pile were increased by 15.2, 19.3, and 9.1 % for different pile lengths of 100, 150, and 200 mm in comparison with the H-pile. At the same time, the open-ended square pile had a lower capacity in comparison with closed-ended square pile tested in medium sand. Also, in the dense sand, the values of Qu for close-ended square pile were increased by 49.7, 47.8, and 69.6% for the same pile length in comparison with the H-pile. Notably, sand's density has a significant effect on the ultimate load capacity for different types of piles.

Statistical Analysis of the Influence of Curing Time and Temperature on Compressive Strength of Sandy Soil Stabilized with Sustainable Binder

Abstract Rice husk ash (RHA) is a by-product of the incineration of rice husk, a process whose objective is the generation of thermal and electrical energy. Carbide lime (CL) is a residue of acetylene gas production. Agricultural-industrial wastes, like RHA and CL, have great potential applications in earthworks, mainly in the regions where these residues are produced. This research evaluates the potential use of RHA mixed with CL as a binder used to improve strength properties of sandy soils, substituting portland cement. Different curing temperatures (23°C and 40°C) and curing periods (7 and 28 days) of the compacted sandy soil-RHA-CL blends were evaluated to determine the importance of such changes on the strength of the blends. Studies have been carried out to quantify the unconfined compressive strength (qu) as a function of a novel index called porosity/binder. The aim of this index is to measure the influence of porosity and binder content on blends’ properties, considering the combination of the amounts of RHA and CL as the binder. The results show that higher values of qu are obtained with the reduction of porosity and with the increase of binder content. Curing temperature acts as a catalyzer and accelerates pozzolanic reactions between RHA and CL. For the purpose of verifying the effect of the investigated controllable factors—γd, RHA, CL, and curing type—in the response variable qu, an analysis of variance was performed. Based on that, it was possible to verify that the types of curing during 28 days at 23°C and for 7 days at 40°C are statistically equivalent. It increases the possibility of choice for engineering design because these results mean that the engineer may choose an appropriate curing period and temperature in accordance with project requirements and average temperatures in the site construction.

Effects of curing time and freeze–thaw cycle on strength of soils with high plasticity stabilized by waste marble powder

This paper presents the experimental study on stabilization of fine-grained soils using waste calcitice marble powder (CMP) and dolomitic marble powder (DMP). Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted on both the pure and stabilized soil specimens with the percentages of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 50% waste marble powder (MP) by weight. The soil specimens mixed with two types of waste MP were cured for 7, 30, and 60 days and also subjected to freezing and thawing with 1, 3, 5, 7, and 11 cycles to investigate the effect of curing time and freezing–thawing on unconfined compressive strength (qu) and undrained elastic modulus (Eu). Besides, mass losses (ML) of soil specimens were calculated after freezing–thawing cycles. According to the test results, the values of qu and Eu of stabilized soil specimens increased sharply at waste MP content of 5% and then decreased with increasing of MP in highly plastic silt (MH) with plasticity index of 21. qu and Eu increased with curing time dependent on the waste marble type and content in both soil type of specimens. As a result of this study, the waste MP contributed the fine-grained soils more resistant to freezing–thawing.

Unconfined compression strength of soil using silica sand waste and dust sand foundry as a stabilizer

The need to improve the subgrade of a highway becomes urgent when the vehicle load exceeds the carrying capacity of the soil. Industrial waste, that increase every day, was proposed in this study as an additive or stabilizer to improve the carrying capacity of the subgrade. Testing was done through laboratory experiments of the mixing original soil with Silica Sand waste and Dust Sand Foundry waste in certain compositions. To test the mechanical properties, the Unconfined Compression Strength Test based on ASTM standards was conducted. The unconfined compression strength (qu) value of the original soil was 0.289 kg/cm2. The highest qu value was shown in the composition of the soil mixture with 2.5% SS and 7.5% DSF which was 0.347 kg/cm2. The qu value increased by 20.07% from the qu value of the original soil, and showed a mechanical improvement in stabilizing soil.

Assessment of mechanical properties of cement stabilized soils

Recently, the cement stabilized soil is widely used in pavement applications due to its high potential saving in cost and time. An extensive laboratory tests were conducted to study the mechanical properties of cement stabilized materials in this research. Three studied soils included sand, laterite and clay. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) were carried out on the three subgrade samples to determine the quantities of morphological formation and chemical compound. The effect of cement content on the strength of the cement-stabilized soil samples was examined via the unconfined compression strength (qu) test, the soaked California bearing ratio (CBR) test, the third-point loading test and the plate loading test. The results showed that the 28-day qu, the soaked CBR, the modulus of rupture (MR) and the modulus of subgrade reaction (K) of the 3 stabilized subgrade materials increased with an increase in cement content. The relationships of K, soaked CBR and MR versus qu were developed. With the known qu value, the K, soaked CBR and MR values can be simply approximated. Finally, the K values by the proposed method were validated by comparing with the FEM results. Therefore, these developed relationships are useful for researchers, engineers and practitioners in pavement design.

The effects of curing time and temperature on stiffness, strength and durability of sand-environment friendly binder blends

Agricultural-industrial wastes, like rice-husk ash (RHA) and carbide lime (CL), have great potential applications in such earthworks as the stabilization of slopes and pavement layers and the spread footings and bed of pipelines, particularly in the regions near where the waste is produced. Present research evaluates the potential use of RHA mixed with CL as a binder, improving strength, stiffness and durability properties of a uniform sand. Two different curing temperatures, 23 °C and 40 °C, and curing periods, 7 and 28 days, of compacted sand-RHA-CL blends (distinct dry unit weights and contents of RHA and CL) were evaluated to determine the importance of these changes on the reactions between the materials. The experimental program aims to assess the following parameters: initial shear modulus (G0), unconfined compressive strength (qu), and accumulated loss of mass (ALM). Studies have been carried out to quantify these parameters as a function of a novel index called porosity/volumetric binder content (η/Biv). The results showed higher values of G0 and qu, as well as a small rate of ALM with reduction of porosity and with rise of the environment friendly binder content. The latter is achieved either by increasing eith the RHA or the CL content. The curing temperature acts as a catalyser, accelerating the pozzolanic reactions between RHA and CL. Longer curing periods also benefit reactions between materials by enhancing their geotechnical properties. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried and the results showed the dry unit weight, RHA content and curing type are significantly effect the strength results. It was also possible to verify that curing for 28 days at 23 °C and for 7 days at 40 °C are statistically equivalent in terms of strength. The G0 results after weathering cycles tended to decrease in specimens at a 40 °C curing temperature and increase in specimens at a 23 °C curing temperature.

Assessment of shear strength from measuring while drilling shafts in Florida limestone

The focus of this research is the real-time assessment of drilled shaft capacity based on the unconfined compressive strength (qu) obtained from measuring while drilling (MWD). Measures of qu, a function of rock strength commonly used in drilled shaft design, are provided through five monitored drilling parameters: torque, crowd, rotational speed, penetration rate, and bit diameter. Monitored shaft installations took place at three separate locations on drilled shafts, which were subsequently load tested. Using the qu values obtained from MWD, side shear was estimated in portions of each shaft where instrumented segments indicated the side shear was fully mobilized for direct comparison. To consider all of the current side shear equations used in Florida drilled shaft design, the estimation of tensile strength (qt) in real time was also needed. This led to a theoretical approach to establish the qt/qu relationship that was later verified empirically and provided new correlations between material and mechanical properties of Florida geomaterials. A comparative analysis indicated that the results from multiple established side shear equations, used with qu from MWD, align well with the results obtained from load testing. This suggests that estimating drilled shaft capacity from MWD is viable to reduce spatial uncertainty.