Psychological Peculiarities Research Articles

Мотивирующая роль оценивания и обратной связи при обучении английскому языку студентов неязыковых специальностей

This article presents a study of the motivating role of feedback and assessment in language learning. Within the framework of our research, we surveyed psychological peculiarities of students and their attitude to errors and learning process depending on the feedback strategy applied by the teacher. We also explored types and ways of expressing feedback as well as correction and assessment functions. In order to obtain students’ insights into the motivating role of feedback and to ascertain their preferences for correction, we conducted an opinion poll in a target group of English learners consisting of 150 1-st and 2-nd year students of the Sevastopol State University. The respondents answered based on their personal experience of communication with the teaching staff of the university. The survey showed that the feedback received in the learning environment during English classes strongly affects the level of students’ motivation, but at the same time the majority of students are not afraid of making mistakes as they consider them to be the main factor in their personal and professional development. The study results might help teachers to choose more effective corrective feedback strategies that work best for their students.

Комплекс упражнений для формирования лингвистической компетенции у китайских студентов музыкального профиля

The research objective includes developing a set of exercises for students-musicians from China at preparation faculties of the Russian higher musical schools. The article discusses one of the key problems in methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language - the problem of teaching professionally oriented vocabulary. Scientific originality of the study involves developing a set of exercises exclusively for the Chinese audience, taking into account mentality, cultural and psychological peculiarities of this ethnic group. The proposed exercises are focused on forming students’ language skills and on enhancing acquisition of professional musical vocabulary at the initial stage of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The research findings are as follows: the author has developed and introduced into educational process a set of exercises aimed to promote the Chinese students’ Russian-language professional lexical skills and to form future specialists’ linguistic competence.

Соціально-психологічні особливості вироблення уявлень про життєвий успіх

Актуальність дослідження пов’язана з необхідністю з’ясування ролі особистісних властивостей у виробленні молоддю уявлень про життєвий успіх. Надалі це дало б змогу визначити, як можна допомогти тій молоді, яка мала досвід невдач у минулому і яка наразі переживає труднощі самовизначення щодо життєвих орієнтирів.
 Метою статті було виявити на основі результатів емпіричного дослідження соціально-психологічні особливості вироблення уявлень про життєвий успіх у молоді з різним життєвим досвідом.
 Результатом дослідження стало визначення низки соціально-психологічних особливостей вироблення молоддю уявлень про життєвий успіх. Соціально-компенсаторні особливості полягають у тому, що досвід невдач актуалізує вплив негативних особистісних властивостей на процес зумовлення змісту аксіологічного компонента уявлень; соціально-статусні – характеризують вплив досвіду легкого досягання успіхів у молоді з позитивними аспектами самоставлення на посилення важливості соціального визнання та прагнення кар’єри; владно-статусні – ґрунтуються на тому, що досвід важкого або легкого досягання успіхів у минулому однаковою мірою посилює роль цінностей влади у виборі впливовості і багатства як орієнтирів життєвого успіху; маніпулятивно-орієнтаційні – означають, що внаслідок впливу досвіду невдач у молоді з негативними аспектами самоставлення досягання життєвого успіху відбувається через знецінення загальноприйнятих правил і перебільшення ролі соціальних зв’язків; нормативно-орієнтаційні – проявляються в підвищенні значення загальноприйнятих правил і посиленні орієнтації на себе, а не на соціальні зв’язки. 
 Перспективи практичного застосування результатів дослідження полягають у більш поглибленому вивченні впливу досвіду невдач на вироблення стратегій досягання життєвого успіху та в напрацюванні програм активної допомоги й наданні рекомендацій молоді, яка переживає труднощі в плануванні власного майбутнього, в особистісному та професійному самовизначенні.

Relationship of individual psychological peculiarities of convicts with a tendency to auto-aggressive behavior

The article reflects the results of a study of the relationship between the individual psychological characteristics of convicts with a tendency to auto-aggressive behavior. The authors carry out a psychodiagnostic examination using 4 methods: a suicidal risk questionnaire T.N. Razuvaeva; mini-cartoon (abridged version of MMPI, Russian adaptation by V.P. Zaitsev and V.N. Kozyulya); questionnaire «Anxiety and depression» (K.K. Yakhin, D.M. Mendelevich); color test M. Luscher. The paper ascertains that the personality of convicts prone to auto-aggressive behavior is indeed characterized by certain individual psychological characteristics. These individual psychological characteristics can be divided into two groups: one group of individual psychological characteristics (demonstrativeness, social pessimism, maximalism, uniqueness, breaking cultural barriers) is associated with a tendency to an extreme form of manifestation of auto-aggressive behavior, that is, to suicide, and the other group of individual psychological characteristics (black color, depression, psychasthenia and schizoid) are characteristic of convicts who are prone to manifesting auto-aggressive behavior in the form of self-harm. On the basis of the study, recommendations were developed for the prevention and correction of convicts prone to auto-aggressive behavior

PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEADING THE JUNIOR FOOTBALLERS’ TEACHING - LEARNING PROCESS

The coach is directly responsible for the good accomplishment of the process of transmitting the information, but especially for his result – preparing today's athletes to become members with full rights, but also with responsibilities in tomorrow's society. The paper highlights the priority aspects of the psychological peculiarities of the junior footballers’ personality and their importance in gaining performance. The conclusions of the current research will make the coaches’ teaching process as well as the athletes’ learning more efficient.

The Value of Transparent Self-Knowledge

Questions about the normative significance of ‘transparency’ do not receive much attention, even though they were central to Richard Moran’s (2001) original account. Instead, transparency is typically studied because of its epistemic and psychological peculiarities. In this paper, I consider three normative conceptions of transparency: teleological rationalism, procedural rationalism, and relational rationalism. The first is a theory about how transparency might relate to flourishing as a rational agent; the latter two are theories about how transparency relates to non-alienated self-knowledge. All three conceptions, I argue, face serious problems. I end the paper by suggesting where the rationalist might go from here and by highlighting the importance of focusing not on the methods but on the broader circumstances in which self-knowledge is gained or lost.

Youth not in employment and education: factors, origins, and psychological peculiarities of the group

The youth not in employment or education is present in various countries of the world. In Russia, the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) provides information on this category of youth. Against the background the sparseness of the generation overall, this youth group can be viewed as a considerable potential research of labor resources for the current and future staffing of socioeconomic complex of the country. The goal of this research consists in the analysis of factors and origins of youth falling into the category not involved in the spheres of employment and education, as well as of psychological peculiarities of this group. Research methodology is based on systematic and socio-psychological approaches. The article systematizes the factors of inclusion of youth into the group of uninvolved in the spheres of employment and education based on the summary of results of the Russian and foreign research dedicated to this group of youth. The authors extend the list of factors of youth falling into the group of not in employment and education; offer and formulate the sources that led to expansion of this group described in several blocks; as well as recite psychological peculiarities of this category of youth. Clear understanding of the factors, origins and psychological peculiarities of youth not in employment and education allows using the acquired results in development of the programs on employment, education and social protection.

Гендерні особливості самореалізації паралімпійців

Мета. Порівняти емоційні стани спортсменів-па-ралімпійців чоловічої та жіночої статі. Визначитигендерні психологічні особливості спортивноїсамореалізації паралімпійців. Методи. Було використано, розроблений нами, опи-тувальник та шість психодіагностичних методик:Шкала самоефективності Р. Шварцера та М. Єруса-лема, Шкала психологічного благополуччя К. Ріфф(адаптація Т.Д. Шевеленкової і Т.П. Фесенко), Шкаласамодетермінації (Є.М. Осіна), Тест життєстійкостіС. Мадді (переклад і адаптація Д.О Леонтьєва, О.І. Рас-сказової), Опитувальник самоорганізації діяльності(ОСД) О.Ю. Мандрикової, Тест “Смисложиттєвих орі-єнтацій” (СЖО) Дж. Крамбо та Л. Махоліка (адаптаціяД. О. Леонтьєва). Результати: Встановлено, що длячoлoвіків-паралімпійців негативний вплив кoмплексучинників, пoв’язаних з наявністю інваліднoсті, є сут-тєвo істoтнішим, ніж для жінoк, і, безумoвнo, пoтребує більш пoглибленoгo аналізу та oсмислення, oскількинoрмативні відміннoсті між здoрoвими чoлoвікамита жінками є значнo менш вираженими. Щoдo загаль-них oсoбливoстей спoртивнoї самoреалізації паралім-пійців устанoвленo, щo для паралімпійців у цілoмувластива переважна задoвoленість власнoю спoртив-нoю кар’єрoю, дoстатньo швидка пoстанoвка нoвoїспoртивнoї мети та дoсить чітке уявлення свoгo спoр-тивнoгo майбутньoгo. Такoж прирoднo, щo значнаїх частина не вважає наявні спoртивні дoсягненняграничнo мoжливими, вбачаючи в сoбі пoтенціал дляпoдальшoгo спoртивнoгo удoскoналення. Це відно-ситься, як до чоловіків, так і до жінок. Висновки. Отри-мані результати можуть бути використані з метоюпідвищення ефективності та ставленню тренерівпаралімпійських збірних команд до чоловіків і жінокв тренувально-змагальному процесі паралімпійців,а також для сприяння їх самореалізації. Перспективиподальших досліджень полягають у аналізі та oсмис-ленні, чому для чoлoвіків-паралімпійців негативнийвплив кoмплексу чинників, пoв’язаних з наявністюінваліднoсті, є суттєвo істoтнішим, ніж для жінoк.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНСТИТУТУ ЛІДЕРСТВА

The article deals with the peculiarities of the leadership institute formation in modern conditions. It had been considered the main directions and approaches in understanding the nature of leadership as a phenomenon in modern science. It had been considered the essence and the main content of the trends of the leadership institute formation in the conditions of the transformational processes taking place in the Ukrainian society and considered the features of manifestation of these tendencies in Ukraine and their influence on psychological peculiarities of the leadership institute formation.

Psychological Peculiarities of Understanding by Students Internet Texts

The purpose of the article is to show psychological peculiarities of understanding by students Internet texts and to determine the predictors of such understanding.
 Methods and methodical instrumentation of the research. The following scientific methods were used as the basis of the research: holistic analysis of the text, problem-thematic analysis, also comparative analysis. The following methods have also been used to study the research material: the descriptive method; the method of distributive analysis; the method of syntactic transformation. Also we used the author’s questionnaire to determine the goals of interpersonal communication in the Internet space (Nabochuk, 2020); the questionnaire (Shkuratova, 2019), which has the aim to determine the motives of direct and indirect interpersonal communication; the questionnaire with the purpose to provide diagnostics of interpersonal relationships by T. Leary (The questionnaire of diagnostics of interpersonal relationships, 2018).
 The results of the research. It was built a semantic space that characterized the process of understanding of artistic Internet texts of journalistic discourse. Students evaluated the content of these texts by 30 bipolar scales, which were combined after factor analysis into 7 blocks of factors that characterize the “evaluation” of a particular Internet text. (1). “The Assessment”: successful – unsuccessful; interesting – uninteresting; strong – weak; pleasant – unpleasant; predicative – non-predicative. (2). “Tension or Strength”: difficult – easy to understand; tense – frivolous; exceptional – everyday; chained – free; active – inactive; aggressive – non-aggressive; authoritarian – democratic. (3). “Realism or vitality”: natural – fictional; near – far; real – unreal. (4). “Emotional tone”: pessimistic – optimistic; sad – cheerful; selfish – unselfish; suspicious – acceptable. (5). “Depth or psychological content”: psychological – non-psychological; reflective – non reflective; serious – unserious; reasonable – unreasonable; logical – illogical; convenient – inconvenient; dialogical – monologue; dependent – independent. (6). “The Abstractness”: abstract – concrete; fantastic – real. (7). “Multifaceted”: multifaceted – one-sided; complex – simple; compressed – expanded.
 Conclusions. According to the results of our research, we determined four main psychological peculiarities of understanding by students Internet texts. These peculiarities are: (1) understanding the Internet text by its contextuality, the predictors of which are: reality, versatility, paradigm, descriptiveness, deepness, subjectiveness and personally centered qualities; (2) understanding the Internet text by its psychological context, which includes such predictors, as: psychological justification, compressiveness, interest, entertaining, satisfaction, harmoniousness, emotiveness, expressiveness; (3) understanding the Internet text by its emotional context and predictors, such as: comfort, stylistic expressiveness, convenience, expressiveness, lightness, colloquial features, journalistic style of writing; (4) understanding the Internet text by its multifaceted paradigm, which is characterized by such predictors: paradigmatic, space, being updated, its stimulating, dialogic content, comfort characteristics of perceiving, frivolousness.

Крос-культурне дослідження вживання обсценної лексики у молодіжному середовищі

Мета дослідження – визначити психологічні особливості вживання обсценної лексики молоддю різних країн з відмінними культурними та мовними традиціями. В контексті соціально-психологічного підходу вживання нецензурної лайки є індикатором напруження у суспільстві та індивідуально-особистісних криз.
 Процедура дослідження. Впродовж 2018-2019 рр. було проведене онлайн-опитування 518 респондентів віком 16-20 років. Розроблена анкета (Google Форма) містила 15 питань щодо використання нецензурної лайки в різних комунікативних ситуаціях. Здійснений порівняльний аналіз п’яти національних вибірок з різними передумовами формування мовленнєвої культури: Україна, Росія, Польща, США та країни Азії.
 Результати. Національну специфіку мають не тільки зовнішні форми обсценної лексики, але й внутрішні, психологічні реакції, які супроводжують таке спілкування. Принципове неприйняття брудної лайки продемонстрували респонденти з країн Азії. Найбільш толерантне сприйняття ненормативної лексики виявлене в Росії та Польщі. В Україні загальне негативне ставлення висловили 43.7% опитаних, особливо гостро українці сприймають лихослів’я на власну адресу. Молоді американці більш негативно ставляться до обсценної лексики взагалі (як до явища), але досить терпимі до її використання стосовно себе. За частотою та характером вживання нецензурної лайки українська вибірка більш подібна до американської та польської, ніж до російської.
 У висновках сформульовано типологію вживання обсценної лексики, обумовлену соціокультурними особливостями різних країн; виділені характерні риси української вибірки, де на основі кримінально-вульгаризованої мови відбуваються процеси формування демократичного суспільства та відродження національної ідентичності. Запропоновані заходи щодо соціальної регуляції мовної норми та запобігання поширенню обсценної лексики в молодіжному середовищі.

Psychological Peculiarities of the Development of Junior Students’ Voluntary Attention in the Process of Teaching English at Secondary School

The purpose of this article is to study micro-age properties of stability and concentration of the 1 grade students’ voluntary attention at secondary school, to determine the levels of their development, interrelation of attention with junior schoolchildren’s thinking, as well as psychological and pedagogical conditions for activating junior students’ voluntary attention to increase the efficiency in learning English.Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: empirical method, psychological and pedagogical experiment, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The results of the research. The following new thesis has been elaborated: interconnections between the identified properties of voluntary attention (stability and concentration) thinking and junior students’ academic success in learning English determine their positive interactions in the process of speech development; it is also proved that properties of voluntary attention influence students’ individual psychological peculiarities (anxiety, communication, self-assessment, temperament properties) and vice vesa – individual characteristic features of students may have their impact on the main properties (stability and concentration) of voluntary attention. Use of visual aids at the English language classes directly influence the mechanisms of formation of junior students’ voluntary attention as well as their individual psychological peculiarities therefore contributing to development of young learners’ speech and communicative skills. A new conceptual model of development of young learners’ voluntary attention has been created, which takes into account its typical individual characteristic features (the degree of concentration on a particular task, the level of distribution of attention in the process of describing objects using collage visual aids). A new technology on the basis of English language exercises directed towards psychotherapeutic influence on the development of children’s basic properties of voluntary attention in their connection with thinking was created. Criteria, indicators and a set of methods, including author’s psychological training activity, are presented to diagnose development of main properties of 6–8-year-old students’ voluntary attention. It was proved that effectively used visual aids in the educational process have a great impact on the development of young learners’ monologue speech, reduce the level of their anxiety, improve communicative skills, motivate schoolchildren to be active, develop their interests and finally increase their self-esteem. Conclusions. Criterion-oriented diagnostics in the research helps identify the actual data within these age categories that characterizes five different levels of development of stability and concentration of voluntary attention in comparison with the level that characterizes optimally realized age potential of this category of young learners. In the experimental research a large amount of factual data is obtained and systematized, having characterized individual and individual-typical peculiarities of stability and concentration as the properties of voluntary attention in typical learning conditions, which can be taken into account when organizing psychological and pedagogical service at primary school. Purposeful and systematic formation of 6-8-year-old schoolchildren’s self-control actions may be realized if teacher is aimed towards not only the development of voluntary attention, but also implements the technology of forming mental actions, applies the individual pedagogical approach in teaching junior students, using diagnostic data in its dynamics on the basis of early correction of applied learning technology.

Psychological peculiarities of professional development in late adulthood

Introduction. Modern technologies are generating new types of production and transformation of old ones, which results in the loss of jobs, income and status among the representatives of elder generation and leads to a professional loss crisis. All these factors make it necessary to study the peculiarities of professional development in late adulthood.The aim of the current publication is to investigate psychological peculiarities of professional development in late adulthood.Methodology and research methods. The conceptual idea of the research methodology is the subject-based approach, which considers an individual as an active subject of labour, who is able to successfully and effectively realise various occupational activities, thus ensuring a decent standard of living. A standardised questionnaire “Motivation of Professional Activity” by K. Zamfir in modification of A. A. Rean was used to assess the level of internal and external motivation. The “WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)” was applied to determine the level of quality of life. The parameters of professional development were evaluated employing a questionnaire with closed-type questions – adapted method “Questionnaire of a Working Pensioner” by N. S. Glukhanyuk and T. B. Sergeeva. The study involved 77 professional respondents aged from 50 to 74 years (19 men and 58 women). The Mann-Whitney U-test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Maximum likelihood factor analysis was used as well.Results. The comparison of motivation among the respondents of various age groups demonstrated that the employees over 60 years are more motivated to stability and working conditions than the employees aged 50-60. The comparison of professional experience showed that employees with more than 30 years of working experience rated their physical and mental health and well-being higher than employees with 21-30 years of professional experience. Correlation analysis confirmed the research hypothesis about the correlation between the quality of life and work motivation with the characteristics of professional development. It was also confirmed that the quality of life in late adulthood is associated with the ability to overcome workplace challenges. Factor analysis revealed the factors of psychological preparedness for mentoring (“Need for Mentoring”, “Benefits of Mentoring”, “Impact of Mentoring on the Main Place of Work”, “Cons of mentoring”), the factors of self-assessment of work activity (“Social Aspect”, “Professional Aspect”, “Continuation of Work”, “Demand in the Labour Market”) and the factors of psychological difficulties in late adulthood (“Age Changes”, “Impact of Experience”, “Psychophysiological difficulties”, “Cognitive Changes”). Scientific novelty. For the first time in developmental psychology, the relationship between motivation and quality of life at a later age is discussed; the most significant factors of professional development are analysed. It is established that the most important characteristic of the quality of life for professional development is the environment. The results of the study prove the validity of considering late adulthood as the age of development, which contains the necessary psychological resources to overcome age-related changes and realise oneself in professional activities.Practical significance. The data obtained are important for developing a strategy of professional development in late adulthood, which will allow for determining the methods of the psychological support of employees, the improvement of productivity and the reduction of occupational injuries. Based on the specifics of motivation of professional activity in late adulthood and the characteristics of quality of life, the relevant programmes can be developed to overcome the professional loss crisis.

Psychological peculiarities of professional development in late adulthood

Introduction. Modern technologies are generating new types of production and transformation of old ones, which results in the loss of jobs, income and status among the representatives of elder generation and leads to a professional loss crisis. All these factors make it necessary to study the peculiarities of professional development in late adulthood.The aim of the current publication is to investigate psychological peculiarities of professional development in late adulthood.Methodology and research methods. The conceptual idea of the research methodology is the subject-based approach, which considers an individual as an active subject of labour, who is able to successfully and effectively realise various occupational activities, thus ensuring a decent standard of living. A standardised questionnaire “Motivation of Professional Activity” by K. Zamfir in modification of A. A. Rean was used to assess the level of internal and external motivation. The “WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)” was applied to determine the level of quality of life. The parameters of professional development were evaluated employing a questionnaire with closed-type questions – adapted method “Questionnaire of a Working Pensioner” by N. S. Glukhanyuk and T. B. Sergeeva. The study involved 77 professional respondents aged from 50 to 74 years (19 men and 58 women). The Mann-Whitney U-test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Maximum likelihood factor analysis was used as well.Results. The comparison of motivation among the respondents of various age groups demonstrated that the employees over 60 years are more motivated to stability and working conditions than the employees aged 50-60. The comparison of professional experience showed that employees with more than 30 years of working experience rated their physical and mental health and well-being higher than employees with 21-30 years of professional experience. Correlation analysis confirmed the research hypothesis about the correlation between the quality of life and work motivation with the characteristics of professional development. It was also confirmed that the quality of life in late adulthood is associated with the ability to overcome workplace challenges. Factor analysis revealed the factors of psychological preparedness for mentoring (“Need for Mentoring”, “Benefits of Mentoring”, “Impact of Mentoring on the Main Place of Work”, “Cons of mentoring”), the factors of self-assessment of work activity (“Social Aspect”, “Professional Aspect”, “Continuation of Work”, “Demand in the Labour Market”) and the factors of psychological difficulties in late adulthood (“Age Changes”, “Impact of Experience”, “Psychophysiological difficulties”, “Cognitive Changes”). Scientific novelty. For the first time in developmental psychology, the relationship between motivation and quality of life at a later age is discussed; the most significant factors of professional development are analysed. It is established that the most important characteristic of the quality of life for professional development is the environment. The results of the study prove the validity of considering late adulthood as the age of development, which contains the necessary psychological resources to overcome age-related changes and realise oneself in professional activities.Practical significance. The data obtained are important for developing a strategy of professional development in late adulthood, which will allow for determining the methods of the psychological support of employees, the improvement of productivity and the reduction of occupational injuries. Based on the specifics of motivation of professional activity in late adulthood and the characteristics of quality of life, the relevant programmes can be developed to overcome the professional loss crisis.

PROPHYLAXIS OF SCHOOL BULLYING AT TRAINING FUTURE TEACHERS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

The article reveals the essence of bullying as a social aggression or social situation that arises in a group; psychological features of bullies, their victims and observers; modern types of bullying (physical, verbal, social, cyberbullying); psychological peculiarities of interpersonal relations of students of higher education institutions with experience of school bullying. The authors have conducted an experimental research with future foreign language teachers using the method of interpersonal perception in a conflict situation (A. Tatishcheva in the modification of O. Misenko) to clarify students' understanding of such concepts as "bullying" and "conflict" and they have analyzed the results. It was found, that only one fifth of the respondents (20.64 %) clearly understood the essential features of the "conflict" concept, and have understood the mechanisms of perception of conflict situations (high level); half of the respondents (50.16 %) were partially able to characterize the phenomenon of the study (middle level), and a third (29.20 %) – completely did not understand the meaningful field of the concept of "conflict", and have experienced great difficulty in correlating this concept with others (low level). The obtained empirical data shows that the students did not get adequate knowledge in the course of their life on the identified problems, had no idea about conflict situations solving strategies. This has led to the need for focused work to clarify the nature of the «conflict» and other concepts related to it («bullying», «mobbing», «violence», etc.). The article offers modern forms and methods of teaching students’ prevention and overcoming school bullying, like: case study, webinars, individual conversations with students during pedagogical practice, announcements in the form of mini-lectures at parental meetings and more.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ ПІДЛІТКІВ В УМОВАХ ДОПРОФІЛЬНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ

The article presents the results of an empirical study that highlights the psychological peculiarities of personality of adolescents in conditions of pre-professional training. It is implemented in grades 8-9 with the aim of professional orientation of pupils, assistance of their choice of the direction of profile education in high school. It is established that adolescents who study in classes with in-depth study of various subjects, have original personality peculiarities. They are manifested in personality traits, self-esteem, levels of demands, personal orientation and professional inclinations. Pupils of mathematical class, unlike pupils of humanitarian class, are more practical, persistent, balanced, prone to analysis and intellectual processing of information, have a developed sense of duty, but they are more anxious. In interpersonal communication they are more closed; they are more likely to have difficulties while establishing direct contact. Pupils of humanitarian class, comparing with pupils of mathematical class, are characterized with greater flexibility, sociability, but less emotional stability. They are cheerful, expressive, have more developed aesthetic interests. They are less likely to be dissatisfied with themselves and to self-flagellation. Most pupils of the mathematical class have a higher level of demands than the level of self-esteem. In the humanitarian class the opposite trend is observed: self-esteem of most pupils is higher than the level of their demands. Humanitarian pupils are characterized with the need to communicate, the desire to maintain good relations with peers. They show a lasting interest in joint activities. Pupils who study at mathematical class have a more developed interest in the work process; they are less focused on interaction, but tend to perform tasks independently. The inclinations towards the types of professions of mathematical and humanitarian class pupils are mostly related to the educational profile. The interests of most adolescents of the mathematical class located in the area of calculations, accurate calculations, functioning of mechanisms and devices. The most optimal types of professions for them were «Person-sign system» and «Person -technique». Pupils of the humanitarian class differ from pupils of mathematical one in the desire for sophistication, creativity, direct interpersonal interaction. The types of professions that suit their interests best are «Person-person», «Person-artistic image», «Person-nature». The main directions of the psychologist’s work with adolescents in the conditions of pre-professional training are outlined. The prospect of further research is highlighted, namely the development of a program of psychological support of the personality of adolescents and test of its effectiveness in conditions of pre-professional training.

Trans-professionalism as a predictor of adaptation of a person to digital professional future

In the modern world, which follows the path of digitalization, there is a demand for professionals who are capable and ready to adapt to the rapidly changing conditions of the socio-professional environment - transprofessionals. The purpose of the research was to study the educability of teachers as a key construct of transprofessionalism and to describe the psychological peculiarities of trans-professional competence “capable and motivated to continue learning throughout life, to independently master new professional knowledge and skills” as a predictor of personality adaptation to a digital professional future on the example of preschool teachers. Research methods: theoretical analysis of scientific sources (generalization, analysis, synthesis, classification), empirical method (interrogative), methods of mathematical data processing (descriptive analysis, Kruskal-Wallis H-test), interpretation methods. Statistically significant differences were found among teachers of preschool education with different ages in standards of the expression of general reflexivity (at the trend standard), self-esteem and performance, and depending on the length of service - in standard of introjected motivation. The obtained data demonstrate a sufficient standard of expression of indicators of the cognitive-mnemonic component among teachers of the preschool education system, while differences in the expression of particular elements of the organizational, motivational and volitional components of learning are revealed. This article is the first in a series of researches devoted to solving the scientific problem of determining the structure and evaluation of trans-professional competencies. The materials may be useful for workers of the socionomic sphere in relation to forecasting and adaptation workers to a digital professional future.

PECULIARITIES OF COMMUNICATION MOTIVATION OF TEENAGERS WITH DIFFERENT TYPE OF COMMUNICATIVE RESPONSE

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research of psychological peculiarities of communication motivation of teenagers of different gender, who have different type of communicative response. As a result of theoretical analysis, it is found that the problem of the origins and motivational bases of communication is still debatable.As a result of the analysis of the experimental research of the peculiarities of communication motivation of teenage girls and boys with different types of communicative response, we have concluded that in adolescence there is a high level of striving for people and a relatively significant fear of rejection. Also, teenage boys and girls have some differences in affiliation tendencies: teenage girls are more likely to be friends with others than boys, and boys are more afraid of being rejected in communication and interaction than teenage girls.Most teenagers are inclined to competent response in a communicative situation, but a third part of the respondents tend to behave aggressively in a communicative situation, and a third part of the interviewed boys and girls are inclined to show dependence in communication. Boys are more likely to have an aggressive type of reaction, whereas girls are more likely to be competent. Boys express the dependent type of communicative response as the least, and girls express the aggressive type as the least. Teenage boys who exhibit a high level of fear of rejection are more likely to have a dependent type of communicative response, and teenage girls are more likely to develop a competent type of communicative response with increasing the level of striving for people.

Strategic directions of developing the professional competence of the manpower of the state border guard service of Ukraine

The Article substantiates the directions of developing the professional competence of the manpower of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, and discloses the structure of the professional and psychological (personal) competence of a border guard: basic, particular and special competencies. According to the author, the basic competence is a set of knowledge in the field of: individual-typological features (temperament, character, emotional-volitional regulation, personal style of activities, cognitive style, peculiarities of memory and professional thinking, etc.), and protective and blocking systems that prevent the effective self-development. The particular psychological competence is the personality characteristic and includes understanding: one’s own strengths and weaknesses in the field of the personal-professional development, necessary professional and important qualities, zones of the professional self-determination, and means of the professional self-realization. The special social and psychological competence is included in the process of the personality further professionalization and mastery of professional skills at higher levels.The profiles of the professional competence of positions in the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, developed with the direct participation of the author, have been presented.It is substantiated that the service and fighting activity of a border guard is an example of the professional activity, which is carried out in specific and extreme conditions, often associated with danger to life, and incorporates solving various service and fighting tasks. Each service and fighting task has its own psychological peculiarities conditioned by its content, terms of execution, composition of participants, predictable consequences, etc.In the study of the service and fighting activity, it is necessary to determine psychological preconditions for its successful implementation. They, in their turn, form the scale of requirements to the professional competence of a border guard.

Psychological peculiarities of parents of children with diabetes mellitus

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)