Institute Of Psychology Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence in Education: AIEd for Personalised Learning Pathways

Artificial intelligence is the driving force of change focusing on the needs and demands of the student. The research explores Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) for building personalised learning systems for students. The research investigates and proposes a framework for AIEd: social networking sites and chatbots, expert systems for education, intelligent mentors and agents, machine learning, personalised educational systems and virtual educational environments. These technologies help educators to develop and introduce personalised approaches to master new knowledge and develop professional competencies. The research presents a case study of AIEd implementation in education. The scholars conducted the experiment in educational establishments using artificial intelligence in the curriculum. The scholars surveyed 184 second-year students of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology at the Abay Kazakh National Pedagogical University and the Kuban State Technological University to collect the data. The scholars considered the collective group discussions regarding the application of artificial intelligence in education to improve the effectiveness of learning. The research identified key advantages to creating personalised learning pathways such as access to training in 24/7 mode, training in virtual contexts, adaptation of educational content to personal needs of students, real-time and regular feedback, improvements in the educational process and mental stimulations. The proposed education paradigm reflects the increasing role of artificial intelligence in socio-economic life, the social and ethical concerns artificial intelligence may pose to humanity and its role in the digitalisation of education. The current article may be used as a theoretical framework for many educational institutions planning to exploit the capabilities of artificial intelligence in their adaptation to personalized learning.

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЦЕННОСТНЫХ ОРИЕНТАЦИЙ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКОВ

The article deals with the problem of forming value orientations of future generations, and the results of modern research are given. The authors present the data of the survey of 1st year students of the Institute of Psychology and Pedagogy of Altai State Pedagogical University, aimed at identifying the features of perception of the Great Patriotic War by modern youth. The content of the article includes the results of the research of features of value orientations of high school students. The presented material allows us to make a conclusion about the degree of formation of the hierarchical structure of value orientations of senior pupils and identify the differences in value orientations of students of 9 and 11 classes.

APA Calls on U.N. to Respond Urgently to Charges of Iranian Misuse of Psychiatry

APA Calls on U.N. to Respond Urgently to Charges of Iranian Misuse of Psychiatry

Rewriting Wundtian psychology: Luigi Credaro and the psychology in Rome.

After Rome became the capital of Italy in 1871, prestigious scientists arrived at the University of Rome. One of these scholars was the pedagogical philosopher Luigi Credaro (1860-1939). He was one of the rare Italian students of Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) when he went to Leipzig and attended the Institute for Experimental Psychology in the academic year 1887-1888. There he also followed the pedagogical seminars and considered the usefulness of establishing sections of practical pedagogy in Italian magisterium schools, which were teacher-training institutions. In 1904, he founded in Rome the Scuola Pedagogica (Pedagogical School). Through the school, Credaro proposed the concept of a scientific pedagogy based on the application of the results of experimental sciences in the educational field. We can suppose that this approach influenced the first generation of Italian scholars interested in experimental psychology in Rome, in particular Sante De Sanctis (1862-1935) and Maria Montessori (1870-1952). The article thus considers the hypothesis of the formation of a so-called Roman school of psychology, which created in the field of pedagogy a ground on which to develop its research and applications. It should be noted that Credaro devoted himself to the potential applications of experimental psychology in the context of the modernization of the liberal states of the 20th century. Specifically, scientific pedagogy constituted a field of application and development for Roman psychology. At the end, the foundation of psychology in Rome was influenced by a particular version of the Wundtian psychology promoted by his pupil Credaro. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

The Prodigious Indian Vedic Concepts of Psyche or Mind; a New-fashioned Directive of Mental Health Science to Deal with Labyrinthine Clinical Cases by Amalgamating Indian Psychological Concepts and Principles

Purpose: The bulk of psychology practice in India as well as in other parts of the world is influenced by western ideas of psychological health and illness. The importance of theology, civilization, and eastern philosophy, together with healthcare, has been largely disregarded by these prominent psychological ideas throughout the last few years or more. They were also developed predominantly for those having an internal control center. To understand what Indian beliefs could give to psychology, one must understand the old Indian frameworks, or put it differently, the grand Hinduism and its huge repository of intellectual information. In this paper, we mainly examine how Hinduism, Indian traditions, and conventional Indian healthcare methods are applied to research the psyche and psychological well-being. Objective: This article's main goal is to provide details on psychology as a field from an Indian perspective. These are some of the topics discussed in this study, along with what the aspects of the mind are and what the Indian classics have to say about psychology from a scientific perspective. Design/Methodology/Approach: Secondary information that was obtained from a variety of reliable and trustworthy publications and websites was used to write this work. To increase the accuracy and authenticity of this document, the data was carefully and scientifically examined by making references to a number of different publications and subtopics. The data was acquired from a variety of trustworthy and respectable sources, including Academia and Google Scholar. Cross-referencing all the data from websites like Academia, Google Scholar, and others revealed that there wasn't a lot of material from different points of view that were included. Findings/Result: Here, a chance has been taken to succinctly synthesize the core principles of the many schools of Indian thought as they relate to understanding human character and behavioral patterns. The aforementioned makes obvious the enormous amount of understanding and knowledge that is a natural component of Indian theories, which has much more to offer psychology students. The significant therapeutic advantages that each way of thinking autonomously provides are very promising for those who provide psychological treatment. Because of this, Indian psychologists should be adaptable to infusing Indian concepts into our therapy, despite our training in contemporary Western psychological institutions. We must objectively assess the significance of our centuries-old beliefs, especially those related to yoga, meditation, and Indian forms of psychoanalysis and psychotherapies, in order to validate them as well as prevent labeling them as relics of third-world mysticism. Originality and value: To make this work relevant and palatable to the entire society, independent of one's educational level and career, an innovative and readily accessible complete methodology, and explanation have been developed. The primary goal of this study is to educate the public about certain well-known psychological and other mental health principles found in the Indian system of medicine (Ayurveda), as well as the great Indian epics and their relevance to the present and the future. Paper Type: Clinical/health analysis paper

Graham Thornicroft: the struggle against stigma in mental health

When asked to lead the Lancet Commission on ending stigma and discrimination in mental health, Professor Sir Graham Thornicroft of the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK, set down a key principle. “The very nature of the topic meant that people with lived experience of mental health conditions had to be central to it”, he says. So he invited Charlene Sunkel to act as Commission Co-Chair. Sunkel is Founder and Chief Executive Officer of the Global Mental Health Peer Network and has lived experience with schizophrenia.

Edukacja medialna w Ukrainie

In today’s digital reality, media information skills are becoming the key ones for every member of society. Hence, media education is becoming increasingly important. Ukraine has already had some positive achievements in the development of media education. The purpose of this research is to analyze and systematize the experience of media education in Ukraine. There was used a set of research methods: a theoretical method for literature review, identification of criteria for analysis, method of selecting relevant information and interpreting results, method of systematization, and prognostic to outline further prospects for media education and learning in Ukraine. According to the criteria (historical, methodical, prognostic), the activities of five Ukrainian media education centers were singled out and described: the Institute of Social and Political Psychology, the Institute of Higher Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv), the Institute of Media Ecology (Lviv), the Academy of Press of Ukraine (Kyiv) and the College of Press and Television (Mykolaiv). The history of their creation, features of development, and implementation of scientific-educational-methodical support were analyzed, the directions of their further activity were outlined. It was found out that all the centers are similar in their media education mission. At the same time, their differences are manifested in the practical implementation of media education. Prospects for further research on media education and learning in the conditions of distance learning were identified.

Mobilize, invent and intervene in the University context: research, prevention and intervention as actions against the pandemic COVID - 19

This text presents the initiatives of a public University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil during the first moments of the Covid-19 pandemic. It seeks to point out how, in a brief period of time, marked by many intensities due to a new pandemic, numerous activities related to the history of the Institute of Psychology and the University that houses it were organized. As this is an experience report, it describes research, intervention and extension activities carried out by its faculty and students, analyzing the impacts of each one of them not only to the outside world but also to the inside of the institution in its continuous development process facing social demands and historical challenges. The results of this work reveal the major purpose of the University in fulfilling its social commitments and enforcing the tripod of teaching, assistance and research, benefiting the university community, but especially the disadvantaged social groups linked to it.

Interception of Energies: Spillover Effects of Work Family Conflict and Enrichment affecting Work Life Balance across Dual Earner Couples

Objective: To determine the spillover effects of work familyconflict,work family enrichment and its effect onwork family balance from one partner to another.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Department of Psychology of the National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad from September 2017 to July 2018.Materials and Methods: The sample comprises of dual earner couples (age range- 25 to 60). Inclusion criteriaconstitute of couples having a married life of a year with at least an active service of one year. Both the partnerswere assessed on work family enrichment scale (work to family enrichment and family to work enrichment),work family conflict scale (work to family conflict and family to work conflict) and work family balance scalerespectively.Results: The psychometric properties of all the scales depict normality of curve. Similarly the results coincidewith the proposed hypothesis suggesting spillover of energies from one domain to another and similarly fromone partner to another. Correlational analysis indicates significant relationship with demographic variablessuch as working hours, years of service, monthly income and number of children.Conclusion: The increased female labor force in our society has led to the peripheral penetration of energiesfrom one domain to another across borders. This study was carried out to investigate the positive and negativeconsequences of crossing the domains and ultimately the effect on overall harmony or balance. Thus, resultsyielded that negative transmission of energies across borders negatively affected both psychological health ofindividuals as well as their occupational spheres and vice versa respectively.How to cite this: Arzu M, Hanif R, Shah M, Fiyaz A. Interception of Energies: Spillover Effects of Work Family Conflict and Enrichment affecting Work Life Balance across Dual Earner Couples. Life and Science. 2022; 3(3): 110-114.doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.215

Aesthetic Surgery: Fixing Body or Soul?

Kadir Uludag, MS, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China There is no conflict of interest to disclose.

Knowledge centre for transport accessibility and mobility of people with special needs using individual transport modes

At the Military University of Technology in Faculty of Mechanical Engineering has been estabilished a Knowledge centre for transport accessibility and mobility of people with special needs (PwSN). The main aim of the Centre’s activities is to extend issues of universal design and to develop, promote and disseminate innovative product solutions and universal service standards leading to increased mobility and improved road safety for PwSN using personal transport. An additional aim is to support teaching staff in preparation for education and in the implementation of training activities in the field of universal design, counteracting the exclusion of PwSN. The activities of the Centre involve the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, the Institute of Psychology at Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University and the Motor Transport Institute. The article presents in detail the intentions and expected results of the activities carried out by the Centre. It is assumed that the Centre’s activities will make it possible to develop and disseminate original solutions of systems and devices facilitating and supporting the use of individual means of transport by PwSN.

The creation of the psychological equipment in Ukraine and Armenia by Yevhen Mileryan

The article reveals the content and significance of multifaceted psychological research of Yevhen Oleksandrovych Mileryan (1913-1983) – the creator of measuring, training, cognitive, experimental, control psychological equipment, numerous methods of psychological selection of pilots, operators, drivers, the use of which allowed to prevent accidents. caused by people involved in the management of technical systems of different levels of complexity. The main milestones of the life of the Ukrainian and Armenian scientist, who suffered the trials of the Second World War, the variability of periods of creative self-realization and repression, work in Ukraine and Armenia are presented. This, in particular, the establishment of experimental workshops for the manufacture of psychological devices at the Research Research Institute of Psychology of the Ministry of Education of the USSR and the creation of the first “Device for demonstrating optical sensations and perception of psychology”, which allowed to demonstrate patterns of color mixing, contrast the phenomenon of marginal contrast and saturation, later – an electron-beam device for observing the dynamic picture of the spatial distribution of electric potentials, on the basis of which changes in the activity of the cerebral cortex under the influence of various sound stimuli in the presence or absence of attention were established. electroconvulsive attack. Documentary testimonies and recollections of eyewitnesses about harassment and repressions against E.O. Mileryan, connected with the persecution of all Ukrainians in Ukraine in the early 70s of the XX century, are given. The period of the scientist’s work in Armenia is revealed, which includes continuation of psychophysiological experiments on studying attention in children, elucidation of functional changes of electrical activity of human brain under the influence of various factors, substantiation of psychological theory of general polytechnic skills formation. vocational education. The scientist created instrumental and psychological methods for diagnosing individual psychophysiological features of a person, diagnostic installations and simulators to study the professional suitability of operators, pilots, drivers. Developed the concept of engineering and psychological examination to assess the quality and reliability of the system “man-machine”, psychological devices: apparatus for the study of higher nervous activity, attentiometer, electroencephalometer, emokoordininometer, device KM-3 to measure the speed of response to complex signals, perceptometer, volute study of volitional efforts, thinking hysteroscope, complication apparatus, device for studying the professional suitability of drivers of vehicles, educational and problematic electrical engineering simulators. It is noted that the unique contribution of E.O.Mileryan to the development of psychological science is the hardware-psychological direction of combining scientific accuracy of measurements with creative solution of various psychological problems that posed to the military and postwar generations of the twentieth century.

Development of a New Ego States Inventory – Report on a Brazilian Sample with a Portuguese Version

This work is part of the master's thesis of the first author supervised by the second and third authors. Graduate Program in Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
 The authors thank CAPES and FAPEMIG for financial assistance and scholarship granted.

Gender differences in youth savings and investment strategies

The article is devoted to analysis of gender characteristics when young people build their savings and investment strategies. The authors compare the results of two own sociological studies carried out jointly by: 1) scientists of the Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS and the Financial University; 2) scientists of the Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS and the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A number of data related to the choice of savings and investment behaviors of Russians are considered on the results of a study by the NAFI Analytical Center. In the gender context are considered such important issues for the study of financial strategies as: the need and availability of savings; ways to manage finances (first save, then spend, or vice versa); the share of income directed to savings; the goals of savings formation; the ability to build a horizon for planning one's own expenses; types and purposes of investing money. There are identified differences in the strategies of young men and women: when making savings (with constant share of savings) — a greater randomness in women, a longer planning horizon and ability to distribute their income in men; when making investments: more conservative risk-free strategies by women than by men, a much larger gender gap in choosing an investment strategy in regions compared to the capital region, as well as in the motives for investing in the stock market. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of understanding the needs of young women in formation of their savings and investment strategies for development (by financial institutions and educational organizations) of the goals to raise the level of financial literacy of this category of the population.

Wilhelm Wundt through the Eyes of a Student from Lithuania: Records in the Diary of Vytautas Civinskis Related to Psychology Lectures at Leipzig in 1905

The article addresses aspects of the connections between Wilhelm Wundt and Lithuania. It is introduced by briefly mentioning facts known from previous research about Lithuanians who studied at Wundt’s Institute of Experimental Psychology at Leipzig, and those who chose Wundt’s work as the object of their research. In the main part of the article, for the first time, excerpts from a manuscript with Lithuanian student’s impressions about Wundt’s psychology lectures he attended are published in Lithuanian and in original multilingual text. It was written by Vytautas Civinskis (Polish Witold Cywiński, 1887–1910), the student of agricultural sciences at Leipzig University, in his Diary in 1905. Although small in volume and written by a very young person, these recordings are interesting as an authentic testimony. According to the available data, this is the only surviving archival document of such kind written by a student from Lithuania. From the document, it is possible to deduce how the student evaluated Wundt as a lecturer, what were the content and form of his lectures, as well as the physical, social and intellectual environment at Leipzig, and what opportunities all that provided for students. The mentioned aspects are discussed in the comments of the archival materials. It is concluded that bringing to awareness the fact of existence of the student’s Diary entries related to Wundt’s lectures complements the Lithuanian psychology history quite significantly, and their content reveals Wundt’s attention to the philosophical basis of experimental psychology, psychophysiology, the details of several experiments he demonstrated.

Psychopathological symptoms as a common Risk Factor for Tinnitus distress and magnitude: A cross-sectional study.

To examine the association of tinnitus distress, tinnitus magnitude and psychopathological symptoms among patients with ear-related problems. The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021, at the Hearing and Balance Clinic, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, in collaboration with the National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised adult tinnitus patients of either gender. All patients underwent ear examination and audiological evaluations for tinnitus matching. Psychological assessment was done using the Tinnitus Magnitude Index, the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire and the Symptoms Check List-90. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Of the 159 subjects, 97(61%) were male and 62(39%) were females. The overall mean age was 47.94±17.47 years. Patients showed statistically significant tendency to develop psychopathological symptoms, including somatisation, phobic anxiety, depression and paranoid ideation (p<0.05). Additionally, significant gender differences were also observed (p<0.05). There was a high prevalence of tinnitus distress along with psychopathological symptoms among tinnitus patients.

"High sensitivity and specificity screening for clinically significant intimate partner violence": Correction.

Reports an error in "High sensitivity and specificity screening for clinically significant intimate partner violence" by Richard E. Heyman, Katherine J. W. Baucom, Shu Xu, Amy M. Smith Slep, Jeffery D. Snarr, Heather M. Foran, Michael F. Lorber, Alexandra K. Wojda and David J. Linkh (Journal of Family Psychology, 2021[Feb], Vol 35[1], 80-91). In the article, the affiliation of Heather M. Foran was incorrectly listed as "Family Translational Research Group, New York University." Her correct affiliation is "Institute for Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, and Institute for Psychology, University of Braunschweig." In addition, there were two errors in Table 3 whereby the last row of column 1 should have been labeled "Any of the two items" rather than "Both items," and the final subheading should have read "Female → Male psychological CS-IPV (Male report)a " rather than "Male → Female psychological CS-IPV (Male report)a." Finally, in the Supplemental Material, the second item of the "Screener for Clinically Significant IPV-Psychological" questionnaire should have been deleted. The online version of this article has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2020-51524-001). The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has recommended that clinicians screen patients for intimate partner violence (IPV). This article aims to develop and test the first screeners for clinically significant physical and psychological IPV (i.e., acts meeting criteria in the International Classification of Diseases (11th ed.; ICD-11; World Health Organization, 2019) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The goal was to derive screeners that (1) are maximally brief, while still achieving high sensitivity and specificity; (2) assess perpetration and victimization when either men or women are reporting; and (3) use ICD-11/DSM-5 criteria as the reference standard. Random samples of active duty service members at 82 installations worldwide were obtained via e-mail invitation (2006: N = 54,543; 2008: N = 48,909); their response rates were excellent for long general population surveys with no payment (2006: 44.7%, 2008: 49.0%). The population of spouses at the participating installation was invited by mailed postcard (2006: N = 19,722; 2008: N = 12,127; response rates-2006: 12.3%, 2008: 10.8%). Clinically significant physical intimate partner violence can be effectively screened with as few as four items, with sensitivities > 90% and specificities > 95%; clinically significant psychological intimate partner violence can be screened with two items. Men and women can be screened with equivalent accuracy, as can those committing the violence and those victimized by it. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

System and network organization of modern concepts of psychology (on the example of scientific research by scientists from the Institute of psychology of the Russian academy of sciences)

System and network organization of modern concepts of psychology (on the example of scientific research by scientists from the Institute of psychology of the Russian academy of sciences)

The problem of professional self-determination of youth in the research of the Psychological institute: 1920–2020

The problem of professional self-determination of youth in the research of the Psychological institute: 1920–2020

Analysis of the Relations of the Stuff of the Psychological Institute (1913-1937)

The subject of the study was the subjects' connections reflecting the degree of similarity of the research topics of the founder (G.I. Chelpanov), subsequent leaders (K.N. Kornilov, A.B. Zalkind, V.N. Kolbanovsky), and leading employees of the Psychological Institute in 1913-1937. In the context of solving the problem of collective forms of development of domestic psychology, a slang analysis of the titles of their published psychological works was carried out. In order to take into account the semantic meanings, the quantitative analysis of the titles is supplemented by the results of a qualitative analysis of the subject and type of publications, the availability of reprints and biographical data of their authors, as well as the results of an event analysis of the social history of the development of Russian psychology in the first half of the twentieth century. The results obtained testify to the strength of the subject connections of the institute leaders and specific leading employees who supported them in the implementation of research programs and in the development of topical problems of psychological theory and practice; which determined the effectiveness of their joint scientific activities in the 1920s-1930s. The main topic that united scientists was general psychology, to a lesser extent pedagogical psychology. Due to the presence of subject connections, the Institute's staff made a significant collective contribution to the definition of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the psychology of behavior, consciousness and such mental processes as sensations, perception, memory, thinking, and speech; into the development of methods of psychological research: experimental, biographical, observation methods, testing, etc. The solution of the problems of pedagogical psychology, as well as other practice-oriented areas of psychology – developmental, social, special, labor psychology, etc., by the staff of the Institute was based on the tradition of organizing experimental research, laid down when the institute was founded by G.I. Chelpanov and determined the content of the subject relations of its leading scientists in the following decades.