Psychic Diseases Research Articles

A bibliometric analysis of global research on short chain fatty acids in neurological diseases.

The interest on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) regulating the progress of neurological diseases has gained significant attention in recent years. This bibliometric analysis aimed to provide insights into the current state and future trends of global research on SCFAs in neurological research. To analysis the general trend of publications, the scientific output in this field from 1995 to 2024 was first retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and PubMed with SCFAs-related and neurological diseases related terms as the subjects. Based on above publication analysis, rapid development stage was marked as 2016 to 2024 and 878 relevant original articles in rapid development stage was retrieved with the time limit from 2016 to 2024. Key bibliometric indicators were calculated and evaluated using CiteSpace with these 878 articles. SCFAs are related to the occurrence and development of neurological diseases. China and the USA have contributed in a significant way to foster a better understanding on SCFAs in neurological diseases. The hot theme of research have gradually shifted from neurodegenerative diseases to psychical diseases. In the aspect of mechanism research, the current hotspot is inflammation. SCFAs are able to modulate oxidative stress and microglia maturation, morphology and function to intervene in the development of neurological diseases and thus SCFAs interventions are promising to treat neurological diseases. 2016 to 2024 is the fast-developing stage in this field. In this stage the publications dramatically increased and were of high quality. SCFAs in neurological research will continue to be an active area in the near future. Future trends might be correlation analysis and neurotherapeutics of SCFAs on patients with psychical diseases and deeper mechanism research is still needed.

Forecasting tobacco smoking recurrence in lung TB patients

Aim of study: Identify tobacco smoking (TS) recurrence predictors in lung TB patients. Маterials and Methods: In all, the results of over the phone consulting on to-bacco smoking cessation with 335 smoking TB pa-tients (age from 18 to 70). Inclusion criteria: tobacco smoking in the course of 3 years and longer. Exclusion criteria: psychic diseases and disorders, аlcohol or narcotic drugs’ addiction. Number of cigarettes per day, duration of TS, nicotine dependence (ND) degree based on Fagerstrom test, motivation for smoking cessation, and anxiety and depression markers by HADS score were defined in all the patients. The smoking patients were offered over the phone consulting throughout the first month of smoking cessation in case they cease (time for consulting sessions coordinated with patients). Effectiveness of cessation was evaluated after 6 months. The patients were aggregated into the following groups: those who successfully ceased smoking and have not smoked for 6 months and longer (Group 1), and those who resumed TS after treatment (Group 2). Data was statistically processed with the help of SPSS programme

Burnout syndrome in nursing professionals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: to investigate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in nursing workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional study using instruments to collect sociodemographic and professional data and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The population was formed by 52 nursing workers from three institutions that attend patients with COVID-19. The sampling was by convenience, and workers were contacted via email or WhatsApp®. We compared the means of each domain using Student's t-test, considering the variables from the Maslach Burnout Inventory, namely, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and effectiveness at work. Results: the overall mean Burnout was 3.21. The differences between the means of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment domains were significant for the variables "would change jobs” (p<0.04) and “job satisfaction” (p<0.001). Conclusion: Workers had a high level of Burnout, being thus susceptible to mental suffering and psychic disease: Contributions to practice: the knowledge produced here can provoke reflections that will help develop and apply strategies to reduce the negative impact of the Burnout Syndrome in the health of the nursing professional.

Level of Learning Independence And Factors Affecting Madrasah Aliyah Students In Distance Learning

Teaching and learning activities from home have been carried out in schools in Indonesia. During the implementation of this policy, many parties felt the negative impact. One of the affected parties is that students feel that distance learning is a burden that causes psychic diseases. So that parents feel very troubled through this virtual activity. The purpose of this study is to find out the level of student independence and what factors affect students' learning independence. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population of this study is the entire MA KH students. Moh Said Kepanjen with purposive sampling technique. Data collection uses questionnaires with a liker scale. Data analysis uses frequency distribution to measure independence levels and t tests to analyze influencing factors. The results showed that 22 respondents or 73.3% of respondents had high learning independence. And there are the first two most influential factors, genetics and parenting and the education system. From the results of this study, it is expected to be a reference to increase students' independence in distance learning

An archetypal approach to treating combat post-traumatic stress disorder

Jungian model of psychotherapeutic work with veterans is presented. Universal – archetypal – topics evident in the traditions of many warrior cultures are singled out: acceptance of one’s destiny as a warrior, making peace with the dead or killed, restoration of honour to the enemy, etc.; moral and spiritual traumas of war are discussed. A relatively low value of emotional catharsis in the clinical perspective of trauma is stressed – together with the importance of witnessing the experience of trauma from the side of a non-joudgmental and devoted person. Concentration on a mere eradication of a symptom is shown as a reductionist attidude of a professional and such that is experienced as disrespectful and immoral from the side of a veteran. The task of a health care professional is described as acceptance of a «shadow» side of a warrior’s drives, of the reality of evil and destruction but beyond the context of epistemologic or psychiatric frames. Meanwhile, being diagnosed with PTSD leads, in the author’s opinion, to social marginalization of a veteran together with civil society impotence as «a psychic disease» is to be treated by health care professionals. Posttraumatic symptoms are viewed in the context of a psychic function that they can play as well as a call to «the warrior’s path», a moral and spiritual journey of a veteran to a deepened and more engaged life. Following Jung, the author offers to use the experience of individuation that includes psychological spaciousness, self-acceptance, greater responsibility for their conduct, and a meaningful position in the wider society. The understandable, but misguided strategy evident in the western society to adoin discussions about war is highlighted. The author warns that undivided traumatic experience may influence the warrior indirectly causing intergenerational breakdown and persistent dissociated trauma.

Libido, Psychic Eugenics and Abnormality

Abstract This article attempts to resituate the Greek regime of 4th of August 1936 within the wider context of interwar fascism in Europe and address it as fascist ideology and practice. It does so by pointing to the ways in which the biomedical discourse on gender and sexuality was pivotal in Ioannis Metaxas’s project in terms of playing a crucial role in normalising ideas of racial, class, sexual and gender hierarchy. The article has two areas of focus. The first approaches the eugenic discourse developed in Greece and Europe under liberal governments. This relied on the premise that the mental or psychic disorders it accounted for, identified mainly among the lower classes, were diagnosed as diseases of the ‘libidinous libido’ when it came to criminality, poverty, strikes, psychic diseases and brutal deaths. The second area of focus reveals how, once trained to detect biological and psychical anomalies, Metaxas’s regime managed to perform something that now gives the impression of a magic trick: by waving the wand of psychiatric technocracy over a scene of profound economic inequality, it cultivated an authoritarian, patriarchal, biomedical discourse on psychic normality.

Mass-Media Impact on non- and Post SARS COV2 Infection Anxious Disorders

How is the dependency spiral triggered? It might start by looking either for pleasure or escape. In either case, the time spent in front of a screen leads to a pleasant, dopamine-mediated experience. The desire to repeat the use is further fuelled by the physiological process of tolerance and addiction. This is how things unfold in screen dependence (mass-media) when socialization, games, movies are concerned. Things look entirely different when the need for information is taken into consideration. What is the need for information’s threshold? Information is not the same thing as the learning process. The fourth power in the state is the MEDIA. In mass-media, information relies on amazement, emotional shock, fear. Media feeds on powerful emotions. Are we all victims of such emotions? As of December 2019, until the present, mass-media information focused on the medical and social issue of the coronavirus pandemics. How have we been affected by this information? What was its impact on our anxiety? How was the perception on reality of the people who had the disease altered? In order to get a few answers, we applied a series of questionnaires to a batch of 30 people who had the SARS COV2 infection and to a batch of 20 people who haven’t yet contracted the virus. Used material: - Coronavirus anxiety questionnaire www.researchcentral.ro - Mass-media dependency questionnaire www.researchcentral.ro - SRGS posttraumatic development scale; Crystal Park, Lawrence Cohen and Renee Murch The summarized data indicates that the people from the batch who was infected with cu SARS COV2 have a high anxiety level, a minimum level of mass-media dependency and a maximum SRGS level. In the batch of people who have not contracted the disease, the majority has a medium towards maximum anxiety level, minimum mass-media dependency. The people in both batches unanimously asserted they felt oversaturated with the media information, although a year ago they could have declared themselves as addicted to such type of information. Considering that the questioned people suffered minimum manifestation forms of the disease, the high scores obtained in SRGS could only be justified if this disease were correlated to a major psychic disease.

229 Progesterone and estradiol, Depression and (IMMINENT) preterm birth

Objectives: Estradiol (E2) is a psychoprotective hormone, inducing labour whereas Progesterone (Pg) has a pregnancy maintaining function. Studies report Pg either to be enhanced or reduced in perinatal depression. Anxiety and depression are the most common psychic diseases in the perinatal period (15-20%). In mothers with premature birth prevalences are even higher. Here, for the first time we analyzed the correlation of Pg and E2, depression and (imminent) preterm birth (PTB). Methods: In the context of a prospective, longitudinal study on biopsychosocial risk and protective factors of PTB, we assessed the Pg and E2 by blood tests.

Continuity in the work of the treatment and prophylactic institutions and rehabilitation centers of disabled children

The growth of the number of disabled children in Kazan is noted. The nervous and psychic diseases prevail. It is emphasized that continuity in the work of the treatment and prophylactic institutions and rehabilitation center improves the efficiency indices of recovery of disabled children. The experience of the work of the 10th children polyclinic in Kazan and the City Social and Rehabilitation Center of Disabled children is shown. The position of a specialist in social work should be introduced into the staff of the treatment and prophylactic institutions for rendering social aid to families having disabled children.

DEPRESSÃO E CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL EM IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS

The elderly population has grown considerably in recent decades with a significant increase in psychic diseases, including depression, considered one of the major causes of functional decline and decreased quality of life. The purpose of this research was to understand depression in institutionalized elderly and to relate which levels of depression interfere with their functional capacity. The applied methodology consists of an integrative review based on scientific production, used as inclusion criteria, articles selected from the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL): LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE, which were published between 2006 to 2016 and collected in the first half of 2017, in Portuguese and English. The results of this review are expected to contribute to the reflection on the needs of psychological support to the elderly living in the institutional context. Thus, it is important for health professionals to understand about the necessary knowledge about the symptoms of depression to serve as subsidies in the performance of humanized and integral care, with appropriate guidance for the prevention of this mental disorder and functional capacity in the elderly.

Фармакологічні властивості препаратів цинку

The review represents data about biochemical and physiological zinc properties, its pharmacological influence. Among the trace elements, zinc is one of the most used elements in biology and medicine. Zinc preserves molecular integration, influences the growth and division of cells, is included in some enzymes. Metallothioneins bind zinc with high affinity and serve as intracellular zinc reservoir. They may release free intracellular zinc when needed and mediate physiological zinc role, maintain zinc homeostasis in brain synaptic activity. Metallothioneins are strong radical scavengers that is why zinc plays the main role in oxidative stress. It is intracellular regulator, which influences apoptosis, osteogenesis, keratogenesis, provides intracellular support to proteins during molecular integration. It is a structural component in nucleonic acids and gene regulator proteins. Zinc deficiency has been detected in neurological and psychic diseases. Zinc supplement was effective in patients with stroke and brain injury. Zinc has a positive impact on memory and reduces hyperactivity in children. Zinc is involved in signals neurotransmission. Its deficiency in brain is connected with Alzheimer`s disease, depression, schizophrenia that is why it is used for the treatment of these diseases. Vitamin C is the zinc synergist in the treatment of neurological and psychic diseases as it has antioxidant properties, takes place in detoxication. Zinc plays the important role in autistic disorders in children and is included in the pharmacotherapy of this status. Zinc deficiency leads to liver diseases, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and gastrointestinal disturbances such as appetite loss, diarrhea, and anorexia. In chronic liver diseases, zinc corrects amino acids disbalance, capacity to synthesize albumin, metabolize ammonium. It was shown that zinc as a heavy metal has antimicrobial action in diarrheas, cholera and other gastrointestinal diseases. It was detected that zinc has antiviral effects in herpes diseases and diseases of upper respiratory ways. Conclusion. Zinc deficiency is connected with some autoimmune diseases such as asthma, eczema and other dermatological diseases. The supply of human organism with zinc and vitamins A, C, D and E is a promising approach because it is a cofactor of 118 proteins aimed at antiviral protection of the human body including interferon-1-dependent proteins against coronavirus. It was shown that zinc helps to inhibit «cytokine storm» characteristic of COVID-19, reduces chronic systemic inflammation and compensates for comorbid pathologies of cardiovascular system in patients with COVID-19. Zinc may influence other systems such as reproductive function, pregnancy, fetus, testosterone synthesis

Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) and his second thoughts about hysteria.

Jean-Martin Charcot's (1825-1893) concepts of hysteria evolved significantly over the last 20 years of his career. In the "Leçons du Mardi à la Salpêtrière" (Tuesday lessons), his original conception of a "dynamic lesion" coexists alongside a new psychological conception, sometimes in a rather contradictory way. According to the hand-written transcript of his Tuesday lesson on February 21st, 1888, Charcot stated: "Hysteria must be taken for what it is: psychic disease par excellence". However, in the printed edition of the Tuesday lessons, this emphasis on psychological factors was very much softened. The different wording and corresponding shift in meaning implicitly retrieved Charcot's former conception of a "dynamic lesion". Charcot himself had probably been made aware of the different wording by the editors, and had agreed upon it. After several years of studying this condition, Charcot was probably not confident enough in making too assertive conclusions on the psychological mechanisms underlying hysteria.

Adoecimento psíquico em atletas de alto rendimento: a importância da psicologia do esporte

O psicólogo do esporte auxilia indivíduos na preparação psicológica antes e após as competições, e a atuação do mesmo acontece visando a busca de bem-estar físico e psicológico dos atletas. Nesse sentido, o tema abordado neste artigo discute a importância do psicólogo no universo esportivo, no sentido de destacar a atuação deste profissional na vida de atletas de alto rendimento. O objetivo principal é discutir a importância da atuação do psicólogo do esporte no trabalho com atletas de alto rendimento. Trata-se de uma investigação inspirada na abordagem qualitativa, construída a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica e sistemática, que contou com a análise e a interpretação de dados científicos produzidos nos últimos anos por teóricos que discutem a temática aqui anunciada. Como conclusões, destaca-se que o psicólogo do esporte, cada vez mais, conquista espaço no ambiente esportivo por realizar importantes intervenções que auxiliam atletas e equipes de competições a compreenderem os entraves e, sobretudo, criar saídas e alternativas que transformam positivamente as dificuldades do cotidiano. Além disso, esse profissional pode previnir doenças psíquicas, pois ele atua de maneira a intervir no trabalho que envolve necessidades de resultados que, por vezes, ocorre sob pressão sofrida por atletas, o que pode levar ao adoecimento psíquico de tais sujeitos.

Diagnosis of psychological aspects in chronic pruritus

Pruritus is afrequent symptom in the general population and in clinics. This article gives an overview on psychological and psychosomatic aspects of chronic pruritus and tools for their diagnosis. This is a review. Chronic pruritus can lead to psychological impairment and psychic diseases, e.g., adjustment disorder, depression. Psychological factors can also be important factors in the etiology and course of chronic pruritus, either in combination with somatic aspects or, in the absence of these, as somatoform pruritus or pruritus in coenasthetic schizophrenia. Self-induced scratch lesions with or without pruritus can be symptoms of impulse control disorders, obsessive-compulsive disease or artificial disorders. Furthermore, independent comorbidity with other psychic disorders can influence the management of chronic pruritus. We provide hints/tools for their diagnosis. The diagnosis of psychological aspects in chronic pruritus is complex. The main diagnostic tool is the thorough taking of the patient history, including psychological aspects. It can be supplemented by standardized questionnaires, but these can not be substitutes.

In quest of objectivity - The concept of reflexology as an attempt towards a mechanistic doctrine of psychics

The concept of reflexology had been mainly developed in Russia in the first three decades of the 20th century. It could be regarded as a distinct and universal concept which was to explain both psychic diseases, healthy conditions, and psychology of masses. Moreover, it had been influenced behaviourism and, likewise, was an answer for the search of an objective method for investigation of the psyche. Main protagonists were Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev and Naum Efimovich Ishlondsky (Ischlondsky) whose works underwent international dissemination.

Maud Mannoni and Piera Aulagnier on Mental Illness and Disability: Parents at the Boundary between Society and Childhood (France, 1960–80)

This article reads Maud Mannoni's The Retarded Child and the Mother (1973) and L'éducation impossible (1973) in the context of French ‘institutional analysis’ in order to nuance criticism of Mannoni's work, particularly the criticism that Mannoni blamed mothers for the conditions of their children. Institutional analysis emerged in France after World War II. Institutional analysts drew from psychotherapy, sociology, and education in order to question power dynamics and the consequences of bureaucracy in their areas of research. Although often overlooked, this movement influenced Mannoni just as much as commonly acknowledged influences like Jacques Lacan and the anti-psychiatry movement. Moreover, connecting the preoccupations of institutional analysis with a more Lacanian approach, the thought of the understudied yet brilliant French psychoanalyst Piera Aulagnier (1923–90) offers crucial insights into the way political and social structures shape individual psyches. Retrieving these influences, we argue that Mannoni did not blame individual mothers for their children's pathologies. Instead, she identified the social and political dimensions of psychopathologies and suggested tackling the roots of psychic diseases in social institutions.

PECULIARITIES OF SUBJECTIVITY OF TEENAGE GIRLS WITH DIFFERENT ATTITUDE TO PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Relevance of the problem:Attitude to appearance of a modern day person is strongly presses by mass media communications, advertisement, movie industry, and so forth. Making appearance of high value and significance leads to dissatisfaction of many people with their proper physical appearance, psychological and psychic diseases against the given dissatisfaction actualizing the issue of searching the factors of resilience to the external pressure, development of abilities to create proper evaluation criteria and activity direction. Aimoftheresearch: Definition of specificity of the teenage girls’ subjectivity with different correlation of satisfaction and anxiety of proper appearance. Methods: Two blocks of methods used: block of attitude to appearance and subjectivity block (213 girls of 19-21 years old); cluster and single-factor analysis of variance, Kruskall-Wallis test. Results of the research. There are distinctions by every measure of attitude to appearance in the groups of girls different by satisfaction and anxiety of proper physical appearance. The highest measures of subjectivity concerning its components were found in the group of girls satisfied and unanxious of their physical appearance, and the lowest ones – in the group of girls with average and low level of satisfaction and anxiety of their physical appearance. The girls anxious of their appearance without regard to the level of satisfaction with their appearance differ by the most expressed external casual orientation and quasi-reflection, the least expressed introspection, behavior orientation to social desirability, external regularities and demands, tendency to fixation on the present events, defensive closedness of self-attitude.

Reduction in the noise pollution within residential environments - what has been achieved so far?

Surveys show that noise in its various forms is among the most severe environmental burdens. According to estimates of the World Health Organization (WHO), there is aloss of one million healthy life years per year in Europe due to the effects of environmental noise. This paper discusses the harmful effects of noise with the example of traffic noise, for which the highest number of environmental noise effect studies are available. An increasing number of studies show associations between traffic noise and vascular, metabolic and psychic diseases. Too little is still known about the causal mechanisms, even though a number of explanatory models are available. However, it is clear that today it is no longer a question of whether noise is responsible for extra-aural diseases, but under what conditions and to what extent are the risks.The high degree of noise nuisance shows that more action is needed with regard to noise control policy.Over the past few years, federal, regional and local governments have taken countless initiatives on traffic noise control - for instance, within the framework of action plans. Especially notable are the innovative measures, instruments and programs regarding railway noise. In the most important source of nuisance, road traffic noise, less progress has been made. In air traffic noise, too, the revision and development of important laws are still lacking. To promote inner urban development, the level of protection against industrial and sports noise has been reduced.Significant health-related reductions in noise pollution (except regarding the railways), therefore, cannot be expected in the near future.

Studiul unor factori de ordin psihosocial şI organizaţionali – amplificatori ai stresului ocupaţional – la personalul din secţiile ATI

Stress from work (occupational stress) has, as a consequence, multiple psychic and physical diseases (depression, sleep disorder, ulcer, infarction, immune disorder) and is increased by a series of predisposing factors. The study performed in 2015 in 11 hospitals in Bucharest which required completing a questionnaire by the medical professionals that were divided in a basic lot (75 ICU doctors and 75 ICU nurses) and a control lot (75 doctors and 75 nurses from different specialities). After the dates were statistically processed (using SPSS program) it pointed out significant differences between the basic lot (values well above normal limits) and the control lot comparing multiple items: the need of breaks during work hours, proper language during stressful situations, family life affected by exhaustion caused by the job itself, negative influence of the noise, negative influence of patients accuses about medical personnel, fear of professional risks, mistakes during work hours because of exhaustion, absence of guidelines and protocols, unreliable and insufficient drug and medical supplies, simultaneously treatment of more patients and insufficient medical personel, malpractice. Decreasing the influence of the negative factors may reduce the malpractice risk caused by exhaustion, may increase the quality of medical act and may reduce the exodus of medical professionals to the western countries.

Urban Spaces and psychic disease: A case series from Florence

People with schizophrenia or other psychoses present alterations of multi-sensory processing and impairments in cognitive functions. They seem to be more sensitive to external stimuli than the general population, which can negatively impact on their emotional state. The purpose of the study was to assess how elements of urban milieu combine with spatial experiences of people with these disorders, affecting their spatial perceptions and social interactions. The group of participants consisted of 10 patients aged between 20 and 40 years, with schizophrenia or other psychoses. We used qualitative methods to assess behaviours in different urban routes, including a period of participant observation and a series of semi-structured interviews. Pathways within the city were recorded using a Global Position System (GPS), in order to link perceptual and behavioural data to specific urban spaces. The data analysis has revealed positive interactions between most of participants and the city. Different places have been differently perceived in terms of stress and comfort. The wide squares and the art-rich sites of the city center, as well as public parks and gardens, have been connected with positive feelings and senses of pleasure. Conversely, the presence of a high number of people and the movement experiences through public transport services have emerged to be associated with negative emotions. A deeper understanding of mechanisms and processes that interest the link between urban space and psychological disease can contribute to show new directions for the improvement of urban life quality and to progress both in psychiatry and in urban planning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.