Provision Of Public Services Research Articles

Shape-shifting and Strategic In/visibility: Comparing Sex Work Activism in Singapore and the Philippines

AbstractResearch on public health, crime, and policing regularly discusses sex workers in Southeast Asia but rarely recognises them as agents of social and political activism. This paper shows that sex workers and their allies in Singapore and the Philippines have long and rich histories of challenging their criminalisation and stigmatisation through cultural activism, political advocacy, consciousness-raising, and the provision of direct services to fellow sex workers. Using feminist ethnography, including interviews and participant observation with Project X in Singapore and the Philippine Sex Workers Collective, this paper explores how sex work activists have strategically adapted to their political environments. In Singapore, they maintain resistance through ‘shape-shifting,’ working within state-sanctioned mechanisms, positioning themselves as public health service providers, and creating spaces for radical political advocacy. In the Philippines, where an anti-sex work position is more deeply entrenched within dominant social blocs, sex work activists aggressively criticise state policies on social media and in carefully vetted forums but remain strategically invisible to avoid exposure, harassment, misrepresentation, and prosecution. This paper looks at how sex work activists engage in claims-making — underscoring the differences in the political resonance of human rights in both countries — and interrogates how sex work activism challenges social hierarchies, especially concerning migrants and trans individuals. Overall, it contributes to a richer understanding of non-traditional forms of political activism in Southeast Asia and makes visible sex workers’ contributions to feminism and labour movements in the global south and non-Western contexts.

Topic modeling three decades of climate change news in Denmark

Climate change is a dynamic and rapidly evolving media agenda. First associated with scientific notions of the greenhouse effect, it was later presented as global warming before reaching the current and broader picture of climate change. Over its development, climate change reporting has touched on a broad range of topics reflecting shifting scientific understandings, political interventions, and public anxieties, all of which condition the public's view and actions on climate change. To better understand which issues the Danish public has been exposed to, this study uses topic modeling to analyse 32 years of climate change communication in Denmark (1990–2021, n = 63,743). It identifies 85 topics grouped into 14 themes dealing with climate change in Danish national media outlets. Topics differ in prevalence and longitudinal stability while reflecting outlet bias in political leaning and communicative modalities. The most pronounced differences in climate change reporting are between public service media and traditional newspapers. This indicates that media users relying mainly on online news from public service providers, without additional access to print media, will receive information on climate change that is more topical and less politicized, more thematic and less structural, more about high-level politics than everyday interventions and more concerned with consequences than solutions.

Dynamic evolution and spatial difference of public health service supply in economically developed provinces of China: typical evidence from Guangdong Province

ObjectiveThe outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention from all sectors of society to the level of public health services. This study aims to investigate the level of public health service supply in the four major regions of Guangdong Province, providing a basis for optimizing health resource allocation.MethodsThis article uses the entropy method and panel data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2021 to construct the evaluation index system of public health service supply and calculate its supply index. On this basis, the standard deviation ellipse method, kernel density estimation, and Markov chain are used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution trend of the public health service supply level in Guangdong Province. The Dagum Gini coefficient and panel regression model are further used to analyze the relative differences and the key influencing factors of difference formation. Finally, the threshold effect model is used to explore the action mechanism of the key factors.ResultsOverall, the level of public health service supply in Guangdong Province is on an upward trend. Among them, polarization and gradient effects are observed in the Pearl River Delta and Eastern Guangdong regions; the balance of public health service supply in Western Guangdong and Northern Mountainous areas has improved. During the observation period, the level of public health services in Guangdong Province shifted towards a higher level with a smaller probability of leapfrogging transition, and regions with a high level of supply demonstrated a positive spillover effect. The overall difference, intra-regional difference and inter-regional difference in the level of public health service supply in Guangdong Province during the observation period showed different evolutionary trends, and spatial differences still exist. These differences are more significantly positively affected by factors such as the level of regional economic development, the degree of fiscal decentralization, and the urbanization rate. Under different economic development threshold values, the degree of fiscal decentralization and urbanization rate both have a double threshold effect on the role of public health service supply level.ConclusionThe overall level of public health service supply in Guangdong Province has improved, but spatial differences still exist. Key factors influencing these differences include the level of regional economic development, the degree of fiscal decentralization, and the urbanization rate, all of which exhibit threshold effects. It is suggested that, in view of the actual situation of each region, efforts should be made to build and maintain their own advantages, enhance the spatial linkage of public health service supply, and consider the threshold effects of key factors in order to optimize the allocation of health resources.

Level of Civil Servant Legal Awareness in Providing Public Services

This research aims to find out; (1) the level of legal awareness of Parepare municipal civil servants; (2) the level of quality of public service for Civil Servants of Parepare municipality; and (3) the significance of the influence of the level of legal awareness on the quality of public services for civil servants in Parepare City. This research is a survey. The population consists of two groups, namely, (1) all civil government officials working at the Parepare City secretariat who are registered in 2022, which has 134 people. A total sample of 35 people was taken using stratified random sampling, and a total sample of 35 people was taken using accidental sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation, documentation, and interviews, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple regression. The research results show that; (1) the level of legal awareness of civil servants at the regional secretariat office of Parepare City in providing public services seen from the aspects of legal knowledge, understanding of the law, legal attitudes, and patterns of legal behavior, is included in the low category; (2) the level of quality of public services in the field of civil servant administration at the regional secretariat office of Parepare City is seen from the aspects of friendliness, simplicity, clarity and certainty, openness (transparency), efficiency, economy, equitable justice, and timeliness of service, including in medium category; (3) there is a significant influence of the quality level of legal awareness on the quality of public services in the field of administration of civil servants at the regional secretariat office of Parepare City.
 Keywords: legal awareness, civil servant, public service

A policy design perspective on electricity rates

Electricity rates affect citizens’ energy-related behaviors. In the past and present, studies of the behavioral influences of the designs of these rates have heavily focused on the structure and effects of pricing mechanisms. This price-centric perspective has, this paper demonstrates, led other crucial aspects of rate designs to be overlooked despite their potential implication for more efficient and equitable citizen energy access and climate change mitigation. To explore the composition of rate designs beyond the oft-examined pricing component, this study develops and utilizes a novel application of policy design scholarship to more comprehensively examine the rate designs that facilitate residential electricity provision and shape energy consumption behaviors. Through this approach, multiple design elements and more granular sub-elements are identified in contemporary rate designs. Furthermore, emergent properties of rate design diversity and complexity are discerned as design features occur individually and combinatorically. Ultimately, this study not only tractably expands the concept of rate designs, but also advances a method for examining the policy instruments through which public service provision occurs.

Principles of public service provision: system and content.

The principles on which the public sphere is based are of great importance in terms of the legitimacy and effectiveness of government. The article examines the principles underlying public activities in the provision of state and municipal services to citizens and organizations. The purpose of the study is to define a public service, characterize the principles established by law for the provision of public services and analyze their content. The principles of providing public services are an important independent part of government activity and are directly related to the observance of the rights of citizens in relations with the state. The implementation of the principles affects the quality of relations between the state and the individual and, ultimately, trust in government. When highlighting the general and special principles of the type of activity under consideration, the article presents their relationship, interdependence and influence. The article achieved the following results: the concept of public service was formulated; the difference between a public function and a public service is defined; the content of the principles for the provision of public services established by law analyzed; principles have been proposed that can be supplemented with legislation in order to improve the provision of public services; The interaction of the principles of providing public services with the general legal principles of public activity and with each other has been identified. The article establishes measures that promote the efficiency of the provision of public services and respect for the rights of citizens: standardization and regulation of services, the introduction of multifunctional centers operating on the “one-stop” principle, and the use of electronic forms of service provision.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ МАРКЕТИНГА В ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОРГАНЕ ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ВЛАСТИ: КЛИЕНТОЦЕНТРИЧНЫЙ ПОДХОД

The article discusses various elements of marketing and marketing communications in the process of implementing a client-centered approach in the provision of public services and the implementation of public functions in the federal government.

ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙ НА ЗАСАДАХ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В УМОВАХ ПОВОЄННОЇ РОЗБУДОВИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА: ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ТА ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЙ

The prerequisites for the implementation of the public-private partnership mechanism in the domestic economy are revealed, with an emphasis on the processes of national economy recovery in the post-war period. The importance and functional role of public-private partnership in building effective investment attraction strategies is argued, with the hypothetical assumption of their promotion of rapid modernization and development of key sectors of the national economy. The public-private partnership in various socio-economic and political environments was analyzed and it was established that it should be considered an adaptive system that uses a mechanism of its implementation adequate to the situation. It has been established that in many countries of the world, public-private partnership is currently recognized as an important socio-economic concept, which, moreover, with the change of socio-economic and political parameters in the world space, acquires new forms of its application, in particular methods of financing the development of infrastructure or providing higher quality and volume of various types of public services. The existing state of domestic legislative regulation of public-private partnership is summarized and the appropriate stages of its implementation in the processes of post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy are given. Separate directions for creating a favorable investment climate in the post-war period are argued, which relate to the provisions of the legal framework and institutional infrastructure, investment guarantee criteria. It is substantiated that they are critically important for reducing risks for domestic and foreign investors, a factor in increasing the attractiveness of public-private partnership projects. It has been established that the Strategy for the implementation of public-private partnership in the process of socio-economic recovery of Ukraine should primarily be based on the rational planning of the stages of recovery work both for infrastructure projects important for the national economy, as well as the provision of public services and stimulation of economic growth, the application of regulatory mechanisms aimed at ensuring transparency, accountability and fair distribution of risks between public and private participants.

Fiscal decentralization and impact on economic growth in the Republic of Croatia

Fiscal decentralization is the transfer of responsibility between the provision of public services and sources of financing by the central government to lower levels of government, with the outcome depending on how the process itself is devised and implemented. Proper and balanced implementation of fiscal decentralization leads to economic growth, achieving economic goals that can bring economic benefits. In addition to economic benefits, decentralization could lead to greater accountability, transparency, and citizen engagement, which would also improve the level of democracy in society. Since 2002, the Republic of Croatia has secured a significant amount of financial resources through the system of tax revenue sharing and aid allocation, which has significantly improved the fiscal capacity of all local units. The impact of fiscal decentralization in the Republic of Croatia on economic growth was tested using a panel analysis. From the results obtained, there is a significant positive relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic activity, and based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that fiscal decentralization in the Republic of Croatia had a positive impact on economic growth. This also confirms the role of lower levels of government established to improve the quality of life of citizens by deciding on the provision of local public services close to where they are provided and close to the users, providing better education, social and health services and infrastructure, thus positively influencing economic growth. In further research, it is necessary to focus on the creation of a better system of financing lower levels of government and on the fiscal autonomy of local units in the Republic of Croatia, in order to make the impact of fiscal decentralization on economic growth even more evident and to have as much influence as possible on the even development of the Republic of Croatia.

МАРКЕТИНГ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЙ КАК ОСНОВА ВНЕДРЕНИЯ КЛИЕНТОЦЕНТРИЧНОГО ПОДХОДА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОРГАНА ВЛАСТИ)

The article analyzes the current situation regarding the interaction of the state and business in the provision of public services, and also considers proposals for its transformation during the implementation of a client-centered approach.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ ЗАИНТЕРЕСОВАННЫХ СТОРОН КАК ОПОСРЕДУЮЩЕГО ФАКТОРА ПРИ ОЦЕНКЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ СЕРВИСОВ ДЛЯ ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ УСЛУГ

This study reveals stakeholders' perceptions regarding electronic services in two local government cities, evaluates their impacts, and identifies existing opportunities and challenges. As a result, respondents indicated they are satisfied with the quality, responsiveness, accessibility, information disclosure, stakeholder perceptions, and effectiveness of electronic services. However, when the perception as an intermediary is considered, this factor gives meaning to the effectiveness of e-services. These findings provide valuable insights by offering an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing decision-making processes, social interactions, and the dynamics underlying the relationships between various stakeholders in the context studied. Local governments as providers of public services cannot be satisfied with just evaluating from one internal perspective; the perceptions of external stakeholders, including citizens, business actors, and community organizations, must be a key element in measuring the success and effectiveness of the services provided. In countries where local cultural attitudes are still very strong, the community's cultural values play a significant role in shaping the interactions and relationships between citizens and the local government. These values ​​influence people's perceptions of government policies and services and determine their trust, participation, and support for government initiatives and programs launched.

Determining performance with accountability policy as a mediating factor in agricultural public service organizations

In Indonesia one of the big challenges of agricultural development is how the economic growth achieved can increase the income of farmers, most of whom own land of less than half a hectare. The Ministry of Agriculture is tasked with improving the welfare of farmers by increasing food security and agricultural competitiveness. The Ministry of Agriculture provides public services to the community, especially farmers in each district. The performance of public organizations is closely related to service quality. There are a number of variables that will affect how well public service providers function. Through the use of accountability policy, the impact of organizational elements on the performance of public service providers will be investigated in this study. Policies relating to accountability have a critical role. Maintaining quality is an important part of being able to give the greatest performance. Two hundred state public servants employed by the Ministry of Agriculture in the Indonesian participated in the study. The goal of this research is to investigate, both directly and indirectly, the elements that is management commitment and government policies influence public service performance through the use of flexible accountability policies. A quantitative approach using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model is employed. The results of this study show that the inclusion of a mediating variable accountability policy has a direct and indirect impact on performance due to both internal and external organizational variables.

Group Service or Individual Service? Differentiated Pricing for a Private or Public Service Provider

Group Service or Individual Service? Differentiated Pricing for a Private or Public Service Provider

Забезпечення дієвого публічного управління територіальним розвитком для здійснення ефективної державної та регіональної економічної політики: теоретико-методичні аспекти

The aim of the article is to deepen the theoretical and methodological aspects of ensuring effective public management of territorial development in the context of digitalization for the implementation of effective national and regional economic policy in Ukraine, which will allow achieving sustainable development of its territories and ensuring the provision of quality public services to the population. It is proved that ensuring effective public management of territorial development is critically important for the implementation of modern national and regional economic policy, especially in the context of digitalization, which will improve the quality of public services to citizens and achieve sustainable balanced development of territories in Ukraine. It is emphasized that in the context of comprehensive digitalization of key spheres of society in Ukraine, this process should be based on improving the system of public management of territorial development through the implementation of effective innovation activities and the rational use of information and communication technologies in the authorities. To ensure effective public management of territorial development in the context of digitalization, the author proposes to use a comprehensive methodological approach, which, unlike the existing one, is aimed at implementing effective innovation activities in government bodies with an emphasis on creating a favorable innovation environment in their management system, organizational ordering of their innovation activities and rational use of digital tools by civil servants. The use of the proposed approach will increase the effectiveness of the public administration system of Ukraine as a whole and, accordingly, improve the efficiency of the implementation of the national and regional economic policy. The author also proposes to improve various aspects of ensuring effective innovation activities of the authorities in the country, such as: regulatory, institutional, marketing, personnel, motivational, scientific and methodological, financial, information and communication, to increase the effectiveness of the system of public governance and administration of Ukraine under martial law. It is proved that the success of the introduction of innovations related to the digitalization of public management of territorial development for the implementation of the national and regional economic policy of the country depends on the process of assessing the digital maturity of civil servants and authorities in general. To this end, it is proposed to use a methodical approach to assessing the level of digital maturity of civil servants from the authorities, which will allow obtaining specific benefits on the path of digital transformation and, further on, positive effects and advantages for the territorial communities of the country are identified depending on the level of digital maturity of the particular authority and the chosen digital transformation strategy. The application of this approach will allow not only to assess and, if necessary, increase the level of digital maturity of civil servants working for the authorities, but also to ensure the efficiency of the implementation of the national and regional economic policy, to achieve sustainable balanced development of territories in Ukraine.

Urban challenges in the Middle East and North Africa

Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has one of the world?s most rapidly expanding populations. Urban areas are the primary locus of this growth, as urban share of total population grew from 48% in 1985 to close to 60% in 2017, and it is expected to exceed 70 % by 2027. Against this very high rate of urbanization and the provision of adequate infrastructure and public services for the increase in the rates of urban, the key urban challenge the accumulation of population in urban areas and lack of services and the increasing pressure on the fragile environment from urbanization. Another major challenge in MENA is the very high percentage of informal housing, reaching 20-40% in some parts of the region creating social pressures and linking to economic opportunity for lower income groups. As well as the problems of unemployment. Finally, there is also need to develop the capacity to manage natural disasters protection of the environment.

Investigating the Relationship Between the World Giving Index and the Donations in Lions Clubs International Foundation

There is much research on how to improve the provision of local public services without having to increase municipal public spending. Latest trends stress out the role of citizens and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that can provide various public services using private funding (donations) and volunteers. This paper analyses the relationship between the World Giving Index and donation in a selected NGO, the Lions Clubs International Foundation (LCIF). We investigate whether financial donations made to international humanitarian LCIF in different countries around the world influence the World Giving Index. Main methods used are panel regression and correlation analysis on the sample of 97 countries and 116,033 donors. The results suggest that donations made to LCIF have a positive impact on the World Giving Index. We support our findings with extended theory of planned behaviour model for Slovakia based on a questionnaire with 150 respondents.

Service quality of public, private and cooperative agricultural service providers in Karnataka

Service quality of public, private and cooperative agricultural service providers in Karnataka

ОЦЕНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВА И ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ УСЛУГ

The digital transformation of the modern economy consists of the introduction of end-to-end digital technologies in all spheres of life in modern society and in the public administration sector. The implementation of digitalization projects for the provision of public services implies the need to develop measurable and verifiable indicators, the analysis of which allows us to evaluate the results obtained and make adjustments to the composition of the measures being implemented. Currently, there are various approaches to assessing the effectiveness of e-government and public services in digital form. However, constant changes in the nature of administrative processes require improvement of the used methods, which determines the relevance of the research topic. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of digitalization processes in the public administration sector in the Russian Federation and in foreign countries using the Electronic Government Development Index. During the study, the following tasks were set and solved: the content of e-government was determined and four directions of its development were identified (electronic services, e-government, e-democracy, e-commerce); the features of the methodology for calculating the Electronic Government Development Index were identified, an analysis of changes in the position of the Russian Federation and a number of foreign countries in the world ranking was carried out; the reasons for changes in the positions of individual states in the world rankings in the period from 2002 to 2022 were identified; limitations in the application of the approaches used to assess the effectiveness of e-government are identified. The components of the Electronic Government Development Index have been determined, which is the integral value of the weighted average of three normalized aggregates, including: an aggregated indicator of telecommunications infrastructure; aggregate indicator of human capital; aggregated indicator of online services. A comparative analysis of these aggregators in the Russian Federation and in a number of foreign countries was carried out, the results of which can be used in the development of projects for the digitalization of administrative processes. The results obtained can become a starting point for the development of tools for assessing the results of digitalization of public services, adapted to the characteristics of the public administration sector in the Russian Federation and Russian regions.

CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND/OR LIMITED HEALTH CAPABILITIES

The article was prepared as part of the State Assignment for the provision of public services (performance of work) under Project FSMF-2023-0008 «Forming Motivation among Students with Disabilities and Limited Health Capa- bilities to Master the Profession of “Technologist” in the Higher Education System». The authors studied the prob- lem of professional development of people with disabilities and limited health capabilities (LHC) at the stages of obtaining a profession, including through their participation in the international non-profit movement «Abilimpix». The article makes conclusions that will contribute to this process.

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE FIELD OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND TRUST SERVICES IN UKRAINE

Digital transformation in Ukraine relies on the development of trust services, such as electronic signatures, website authentication, and electronic seals. The study aimed to analyze the development of trust services and telecommunications, as well as harmonize digital legislation with the EU. The current state of trust services and telecommunications, development prospects, consumer protection mechanisms, and directions for aligning legislation with European standards were identified. The foundation of this development is the laws «On Electronic Trust Services» and «On Electronic Documents and Electronic Document Flow». The integration of the «Diia» platform with new services improves the provision of public services. From 2024 to 2026, the expansion of broadband internet in villages, the development of 5G infrastructure, the enhancement of digital literacy, and support for small and medium-sized businesses through «Diia. Business» are planned. These initiatives will promote harmonization with EU legislation and the implementation of innovations.