Prostatic Hyperplasia Research Articles

The study of single-nucleotide polymorphism in prostate stem cell antigen and the risk of prostate cancer in patients undergoing prostate biopsy

Objective To investigate the association between prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) gene single nucleotide acid polymorphism (SNP) and prostate cancer (PCa) in patients undergone prostate biopsy. Methods DNA from 296 patients undergoing prostate biopsy was typed for PSCA rs1045531 SNP. The frequency of rs1045531 polymorphism between PCa patients and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients were compared. The associations between its polymorphism with the risk of PCa and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were analyzed. Results Frequency of PSCA rs1045531 genotypes were significant difference between PCa and BPH patients (P=0.000). Patients with AC genotype had a significantly higher risk for developing PCa compared to patients with CC genotype [odds ratio (OR)=2.612, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.607-4.245, P=0.000]. The PSA in patients with AC genotype was significantly higher than that in patients with CC. There is association between rs1045531 SNP with Gleason score (χ2=10.370, P=0.006). Conclusion PSCA rs1045531 SNP can be used in evaluating the risk and prognosis of PCa in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. Key words: Prostate stem cell antigen; Prostate cancer; Single nucleotide acid polymorphism; Prostate biopsy

Expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β and its correlation with clinical parameters in prostate cancer

Objective To detect the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β (Foxa2) in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and to investigate its clinical relationship with prostate cancer. Methods A retrospective review was performed on 48 cases of prostate cancer and 10 cases of BPH undergoing operation. The expression of Foxa2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. Integrated clinical stage, Gleason score, distant metastases, and preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) level were analyzed. Results The expression of Foxa2 in prostate cancer was significantly higher than in BPH [weakly positive expression: 18.7% (9/48) vs. 90.0% (9/10); moderate positive expression: 56.3% (27/48) vs. 10.0% (1/10); strong positive expression: 25.0% (12/48) vs. 0.0% (0/10); P=0.000). The expression of Foxa2 (weakly positive expression, moderate positive expression and strong positive expression) in each group was as follows: Gleason score group [2 - 4 score group: 60.0% (3/5), 40.0% (2/5) and 0.0% (0/5); 5-7 score group: 14.3% (4/28), 67.8% (19/28) and 17.9% (5/28); 8-10 score group: 13.3% (2/15), 40.0% (6/15) and 46.7% (7/15). Metastasis group (negative group: 22.6% (7/31), 64.5% (20/31) and 12.9% (4/31); positive group 11.8% (2/17), 41.2% (7/17) and 47.0% (8/17). Clinical stage group (T1-T2 group: 22.7% (5/22), 68.2% (15/22), 9.1% (2/22); T3-T4 group: 15.4% (4/26), 46.1% (12/26), 38.5% (10/26). Preoperative PSA level group (PSA ≤ 10 ng/ml group: 12.5% (1/8), 87.5% (7/8) and 0.0% (0/8); 10-20 ng/ml group: 28.6% (4/14), 57.1% (8/14) and 14.3% (2/14); ≥ 20 ng/ml group: 15.4% (4/26), 46.2% (12/26) and 38.4% (10/26). 2-year biochemical recurrence group (positive group: 25.0% (1/4), 50.0% (2/4) and 25.0% (1/4); negative group: 28.6% (2/7), 57.1% (4/7) and 14.3% (1/7). Foxa2 was associated with Gleason score (P=0.023), invasion and metastasis (P= 0.032). The expression of Foxa2 was positively correlated with the clinical stage (P=0.064) and preoperative PSA level (P=0.115), but didn’t reach statistical significance. No statistically significant differences were found in the 2-year biochemical recurrence rate (P=0.906). Conclusion Our findings unveil the relationship between Foxa2 and prostate cancer development. Key words: Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β; Prostate cancer; Invasion; Metastasis

Relationship of serum anterior gradient 2 level with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer

Objective To investigate the relationship of preoperative level of serum anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. Methods The serum levels of AGR2 were detected by ELISA in 72 patients with prostate cancer, 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 20 healthy controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to determine the optimal cut-off value of clinical diagnosis, and to analyze the diagnostic value of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve. Log-rank test was used to analyze the difference of survival time between the two groups. The effect of AGR2 on the prognosis of prostate cancer patients was analyzed by Cox regression. Results The level of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer group was obviously higher than those in BPH group and health control group (t= 4.441, t= 5.285, both P < 0.01). Serum AGR2 level was correlated with Gleason score, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and preoperative PSA level (F= 11.343, F= 9.613, t= 3.882, t= 7.514, all P < 0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of AGR2 was 0.803 (95% CI 0.726-0.880, P= 0.000), when the cut-off value was 17.25 ng/ml, the sensitivity rate was 63.9%, specificity rate was 80.0%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival rate in low AGR2 expression group was significantly higher than that in high AGR2 expression group (χ 2= 5.565, P= 0.018). Cox regression analysis showed that AGR2 was an independent risk factor for prostate cancer patients (HR= 5.412, 95% CI 1.143-25.624, P= 0.033). Conclusions The elevated level of serum AGR2 is related with tumor progression in prostate cancer. It may be a potential marker for predicting prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. Key words: Prostatic neoplasms; Anterior gradient 2; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Prognosis

Efficacy and safety of aceclofenac and tramadol on bladder spastic pain after TURP

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of aceclofenac and tramadol on bladder spastic pain after TURP. Methods A total of 196 patients with prostatic hyperplasia in our hospital were chosen as study objects, and who were randomly divided into two groups, the patients in the group A received aceclofenac dispersible tables and the patients in the group B received tramadol sustained-release tablets after the TURP. The VAS pain score, frequency and duration of bladder spasm and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups in 24 hours after TURP. Results Within 24 hours after TURP, the VAS pain score of each time node, the frequency and duration of bladder spasm between the two groups had no statistical difference(P>0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions such as nausea, dizziness, headache, lethargy and fever in group B was significantly higher than group A(P<0.05). Conclusions Aceclofenac and tramadol have equivalent curative efficacy on bladder spastic pain after TURP and aceclofenac has better satety. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Electrosurgery; Pain; Tramadol

Transurethral resection of the plasma power application results in prostatic hyperplasia and its effect on urodynamic parameters

Objective To investigate transurethral plasmakinetic resection on benign prostatic hyperplasia and its influence on urodynamic parameters. Methods A total of 200 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in our hospital from February 2013 to January 2016 were randomly divided into two groups: observation group and control group, (100 cases in each group). The observation group was treated with transurethral plasmakinetic resection, and the control group was treated with transurethral resection of prostate. Operative time, postoperative stay, complication rates, quality of life (QOL), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and residual urine volume at 5 months after operation, initial urine volume and maximum urinary flow rate were observed. Results After treatment, the operative time, hospital stay and complication rate of the observation group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the QOL of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). In addition to the initial urinary volume, the other urine in the observation group were significantly higher than that before the operation (P<0.05), and the urine volume of the initial urine volume, the initial urine volume and the maximum urinary flow rate were significantly improved, and the dynamic parameters at 5 months after operationwere significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia has advantages of significant efficacy, safety, fewer complications, it can significantly improve the patient's urodynamic parameters, worthy of clinical application. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Electrosurgery; Urodynamics

Clinical value of low power holmium laser enucleation in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Objective To investigate the clinical value of low power holmium laser enucleation in the treatment of prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods A total of 312 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in our hospital between January 2012 to June 2015 were randomly divided into two groups: patients in the observation group (n=156) received low power holmium laser enucleation, while in the control group (n = 156) received transurethral resection of prostate. The operation time, removal weight of proliferation, postoperative serum Na+ , blood Hb, complications, catheter indwelling time, hospital stays and postoperative maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life score (QOL), and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were compared between the two groups. Results The removal weight of proliferation, postoperative serum Na+ , blood Hb, washing time after operation, complications, and hospital stays between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The Qmax, IPSS, QOL and PSA at 3, 6 and 12 months after operation between the two groups were no statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Low power holmium laser enucleation in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia has similar efficacy with transurethral resection of prostate, and the former has the advantage of lower complication rate, so it is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatectomy; Lasers, Solid-State

Bladder rupture due to intravesical explosion during transurethral endoscopic procedures: a systematic review

Objective To evaluate intravesical explosion during transurethral endoscopic procedures and determine risk factors, and to develop strategies for diagnosis and treatment. Methods A literature review was conducted for the studies published in the English language in the databases of PubMed and in the Chinese language in the databases of WANFANG MED ONLINE (only ISTIC) between January 2005 and December 2015. The key words for digital literature search were limited to the following " urinary bladder" and " explosion" . Results In the total of 21 articles, there were 39 cases of bladder rupture due to intravesical explosion during ttransurethral endoscopic procedures, including 36 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), 2 cases of prostatic carcinoma, 1 cases of urinary bladder neoplasms. Intravertebral anesthesia was used in all cases except for one case of inhalation anesthesia. The bladder was irrigated with physiological saline in PKVP(n=6), with glucose, mannitol, sterile water or glycine in TURP(n=33). There were 8 cases confirmed to be an extraperitoneal rupture, 15 cases confirmed to be an intraperitoneal rupture, and 16 cases no attention. There was 15 cases by conservative treatment, 23 cases by open laparotomy, and 1 cases by laparoscopic repair. Conclusions Intravesical explosion during transurethral endoscopic procedures is rare. The necessary measures to prevent intravesical explosion is to avoid bladder gas concentration achieve explosion limits and bladder gas direct contact with cutting ring. The satisfactory results can be obtained by using the conservative treatment or open repair according to the size of the bladder rupture. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Electrosurgery; Urinary Bladder; Rupture

The role of 4-hydroxynonenal expression in androgen antagonism of prostate cancer

Objective To investigate the 4- hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) expression and its role in androgen antagonism of prostate cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of 4-HNE of 40 cases of prostate cancer and 42 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and the relationship between 4-HNE expression of tumor progression was analyzed . Results The expression of 4-HNE in 42 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia was low, only 5.0%. 4-HNE in prostate hyperplasia showed high level. By positive expression of ratings analysis, positive rate of castration-resistant prostate cancer was significantly higher than non-castration-resistant prostate cancer, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions The expression of 4-HNE may play an important role in androgen antagonism and the progression of prostate cancer. Key words: Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgens

The clinical analysis of postoperative cognitive dysfunctionafter TUPKVP for BPH

Objective To investigate the causes and therapeutic methods of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after transurethral plasmakentic vaporization of prostate (TUPKVP) for benigh prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Methods Clinical data of 628 patients who underwent TUPKVP from 2004 to 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Sixteen cases occurred POCD within 6 to 72 hours after operation, the age of the patients was from 69~87 years old without nervous system diseases previously.The main symptoms of the patients were impaired memory, disorientation, language disorders and so on. Results No located signs of nervous system lesions were found in all patients.Eleven cases underwent head CT or MR examination emergently, and no obvious brain lesions were found.The symptoms were disappeared in all patients after treatment by psychotherapy and neurotrophic drug. Conclusions The cause of POCD after TURP is not clear. Age, personality, pain, lack of oxygen, drugs and other factors are related with POCD, and it has certain effects on patient rehabilitation. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Electrosurgery; Cognition Disorders

Study of IL-6 induced by APRE in prostatic stromal cells in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Objective To speculate that JAK/STAT mediated STAT3 signaling and its activation of acute phase proteins may serve as targets for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the future through the activation of acute phase protein response element (APRE) induced by IL-6 in prostate stromal cells and the APRE activation of the knock-out and inhibition of STAT3 in prostate stromal cells induced by IL-6. Methods A model of prostate stromal cells stimulated by IL-6 in vitro was established. The siRNA was used to detect the expression of STAT3 and the degree of activation of APRE by Fugen HD. The expression of STAT3 and the degree of activation of APRE was detected by WB. Results After using IL-6 to stimulate prostate stromal cells, the expression of luciferase increased to 9 times the level of phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 both had a very large increase. After STAT3 knocked out, the results of luciferase activity detection could be seen, even in the presence of IL-6 stimulation, the activity of APRE decreased from about 8 times to less than 2 times, that is, a decrease of more than 75%. It was also confirmed that all the JAK/STAT signaling pathways in IL-6 were severely inhibited. Conclusions The activation of STAT3 and JAK2 does activate the expression of STAT3, and the JAK/STAT signal mediated by APRE and the acute phase reactive protein are likely to be the targets of BPH therapy in the future. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Interleukin-6; Signal Transduction

Effect of saw palmetto extrac on bleeding volume in transurethral plasmakinetics resection of prostate

Objective To observe the effect of perioperative use of saw palmetto extrac(SPE) on the bleeding volume in transurethral plasmakinetics resection of prostate(TUPKRP). Methods A total of 150 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH) were randomly divided into SPE group, finasteride group and control group. Patients in SPE group had taken SPE 160 mg orally once a day for 4 weeks before operation and 1 week after operation. Patients in finasteride group had taken finasteride 0.5 mg orally once a day for 4 weeks before operation and 1 week after operation. None of 50 patients in the control group had taken any drugs. All patients underwent transurethral plasmakinetics resection of prostate by the same surgical team. The operation time, postoperative hemoglobin decrease, postoperative hematocrit decrease and postoperative bladder lavage fluid volume were compared and analyzed among the 3 groups. Results All operations were successful, and none patients treated with SPE and finasteride reported any side effects. The operation time, postoperative hemoglobin decrease, postoperative hematocrit decrease and postoperative bladder lavage fluid volume of SPE group and finasteride group were evidently lower than control group (P 0.05). Conclusions SPE can reduce postoperative blood loss, the bladder lavage fluid volume, and short the operation time in BPH patients underwent TUPKRP. It is worthy of popularization. Key words: Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Electrosurgery; Hemorrhage; Serenoa

Detection of DD3 mRNA level in peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer and its clinical value

Objective To study the level and clinical value of differential display code 3 (DD3) in peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer. Methods 27 patients with prostate cancer from April 2014 to April 2015 in Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University were researched.26 patients with non prostate diseases were selected as control group.DD3 mRNA levels were detected in peripheral blood of all patients.DD3 absorbance value of three groups of patients, the relationship between the relative content of DD3 mRNA and the clinical characteristics of prostate cancer, DD3 mRNA in urine and peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia were observed. Results In the patients with benign hyperplasia of prostate and non prostate diseases, a total of 4 patients did not appear to be DD3 specific bands.In prostate cancer patients, all patients were found to have DD3 specific bands.The relative content of patients with non prostate diseases was (0.18±0.05)copies/mL.The relative content of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients was (0.30±0.09)copies/mL.The relative content of prostate cancer patients was (0.78±0.23)copies/mL.The positive expression rates of DD3 mRNA in peripheral blood and urine of patients with prostate cancer were 85.18%(23/27), 51.85%(14/27), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia[21.42%(6/28), 7.14%(2/27)](χ2=22.416, 13.319, all P<0.05). Conclusion The specific expression of DD3 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer can be used as an effective basis for judging the patients' condition, and it has certain value for the treatment and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. Key words: Prostatic neoplasms; Differential display code 3; Diagnosis

Clinical result and follow-up of incidental prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy

Objective To investigate the long-term outcome of radical prostatectomy (RP) in the patients with incidental prostate cancer (IPCa) detected by surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to evaluate the risk factors for residual tumour after BPH surgery and biochemical recurrence in patients with IPCa treated with RP. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 45 patients with IPCa detected by surgery of BPH and undergoing RP from January 2004 to October 2016 .The age, PSA before and after BPH surgery, prostate volume, T stage and Gleason score after the BPH surgery, T stage at RP(pT0, pT2, pT3), Gleason score at RP and status of biochemical recurrence were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis addressed the association between the factors and the presence of residual cancer after the surgery for BPH. Cox regression was used to analyzed the relationship between the factors and the rate of biochemical recurrence after RP. Results Among 45 IPCa patients, 21 patients were stage T1a and 24 were stage T1b. After RP, 7 (15.6%) patients had no residual tumor (pT0). PSA before BPH surgery(RR=2.58, 95%CI 1.27-5.42, P=0.04), PSA after BPH surgery(RR=4.26, 95%CI 2.57-7.64, P=0.01)and Gleason score after BPH surgery(RR=3.98, 95%CI 1.85-5.77, P=0.02) were significant associated factors with the residual cancer after BPH surgery. With a mean follow-up of 54 months(ranging 5-144 months), the 5- and 10-years. biochemical recurrence-free survival rates were 95.6% and 86.7%, respectively. PSA after surgery for BPH(RR=4.79, 95%CI 2.57-7.64, P=0.02) and Gleason score after RP(RR=2.01, 95%CI 1.74-5.21, P=0.04) were the only independent risk factors for biochemical recurrence. Stage (T1a-T1b) did not predict residual cancer or the rate of biochemical recurrence (P>0.05). Conclusions RP in the patients with IPCa detected by BPH surgery had a good outcome of long-term oncological control. PSA before and after BPH surgery and Gleason score at BPH surgery were the significant associated factors of residual cancer after BPH surgery. PSA after BPH surgery and Gleason score at RP were the only independent risk factors for biochemical recurrence. Key words: Prostatic neoplasms; Incidental cancer; Radical prostatectomy; Biochemical recurrence

Expression and clinical significance of serum anterior gradient-2 in prostate cancer patients

Objective To determine the level of serum anterior gradient-2 (AGR2) in prostate cancer, and investigate its clinical application value. Methods The serum levels of AGR2 were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) in 46 patients with prostate cancer, 20 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 20 cases of healthy control. Results ①The levels of serum AGR2 in patients with prostate cancer were obviously higher than that in BPH group and health control group (P 0.05). ②The level of serum AGR2 after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.01). Before operation in patients with prostate cancer, the level of preoperative serum AGR2 was higher than that in post-operation (P<0.01). The level of serum AGR2 before endocrine therapy was higher than after endocrine therapy in patients with prostate cancer (P<0.01). ③The levels of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer were positively correlated with clincal stage and Gleason pathologic stage (P<0.05). The level of AGR2 was positively correlated with PSA (P<0.01). ④The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of AGR2 was 0.792, when the best threshold was 13.75 ng/mL, sensitivity rate was 71.7%, specificity rate was 75%. Conclusions The level of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer is higher, positively correlated with the clinical stage and Gleason pathologic stage. It may be play certain clinical significance in diagnosis, malignant degree and clinical curative effect of judgement for prostate cancer. Key words: Prostatic Neoplasms; Proteins

Characteristics of serum PSA in HGPIN patients and the effect of the number of the first time biopsy HGPIN positive needles on the detection rate of second biopsy PCa

Objective To investigate characteristics of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) in HGPIN patients and the effect of the number of the first time biopsy high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) positive needles on the detection rate of secondary biopsy prostate cancer (PCa). Methods A total of 320 patients who underwent prostate biopsy in our hospital from February 2013 to December 2015 were selected. Ultrasound guided prostate biopsy was performed in all patients, and the differences of serum PSA was analyzed, non PCa patients after 6 months of treatment underwent the secondary biopsy. Results All patients for the first time biopsy results showed: 80 patients with HGPIN ( 51 cases of solitary type and 29 cases of multifocal type ), 45 cases of low grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (LGPIN), 128 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 67 cases of PCa. Serum PSA of patients with PCa was significantly higher than that of BPH, LGPIN, solitary and multifocal HGPIN patients (P 0.05). PCa proportion of secondary biopsy in multifocal HGPIN patients was 38.46%, significantly higher than BPH, LGPIN and solitary HGPIN patients (P 0.05). Conclusions Serum PSA level of multifocal HGPIN patients is higher than solitary HGPIN, BPH and LGPIN, but still lower than PCa. Detection rates of secondary biopsy PCa in multifocal HGPIN patients are significantly higher than other patients. Key words: Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Biopsy, Needle

Investigation of metabolic syndrome in the elderly population

Objective To investigate the distribution of elderly metabolic syndrome(MS)and its components in the elderly population, and to analyze its correlation with the common chronic diseases in the elderly. Methods The general situation, history of diseases and health examination results were collected in 362 elderly with an average age of 79.2 years visiting Beijing Hospital.They were grouped into 3 groups of the young old age(65-74 years old), the middle old age(75-84 years old)and the older old age(85-98 years). The prevalence distribution of MS and its correlation with the common chronic diseases in the elderly were analyzed. Results MS prevalence in average was 28.4%(103 cases)in the elderly population, with 18.6%(67 cases)in the young old group, 26.3%(95 cases)in middle old group, and 33.7%(122 cases)in older old group.The tendency was rising up with age increase, and the MS prevalence was higher in older old group than in other groups(χ2=8.57, P=0.03). Correlation was observed between genesis of MS and common geriatric chronic diseases.The prevalence differences in hypertension, prostatic hyperplasia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease were statistically significant higher in MS group than in non-MS group(P=0.02, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, respectively). Conclusions MS prevalence of elderly population is relatively high, and has significant correlation with other chronic diseases.We need to recognize the harm of MS, to conduct regular monitoring and management according to risk level, and practice patient educations to reduce MS negative effects on elderly life quality and health. Key words: Health services for the aged; Metabolic syndrome; Chronic disease

Qualitative research on dysuria experience of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Objective To explore the experiences of prostatic hyperplasia patients with dysuria. The thesis is designed to meet the demand of different individuals and to provide basis for reasonable and effective intervention measures. Methods Semi-structure interview is carried out on 16 patients. Data was analyzed by Colaizzi’s seven steps of analysis methods. Results The prostatic hyperplasia patients with dysuria experiences were classified into three aspects. The first one was mental experience: the patients used to be healthy and unaware of his illness at first. Later the patients were very painful and lack of correct guidance. The result can lead to incontinence in life and poor quality of sleeping. The second one was psychological experience: the patients have low emotional control ability, which leads to depression and fear-related complications. The patients expect professional guidance and help; therefore, they need to establish a positive attitude towards life. The last one was medical experience: the process of treatment is long and painful, which needs a long period of waiting. Conclusion Patients suffering from dysuria with prostatic hyperplasia experience inconvenience in life. The nurses can help patients to build upon a certain confidence of life by understanding their physical and mental experience and promote physical and mental rehabilitation of patients. Key words: Prostatic hyperplasia; Dysuria; Experience; Qualitative research

A COMPLETE NMR STUDY OF DOXAZOSIN CHARACTERIZATION

Doxazosin is an important drug used for treating hypertension and prostatic hyperplasia. An enantiomeric mixture (R)/(S) doxazosin mesylate was complete characterized by NMR and additionally FT-IR spectroscopy techniques. Were performed different NMR experiments, such as APT, HSQC, and HMBC in order to confirm the NMR signals assignments. All the hydrogens and the most of carbons atoms were assigned.

Picture Of Age Factors And Sexual Activity With The Incidence Of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

In Indonesia Prostate Hyperplasia Benigna Based on the autopsy rate of microscopic changes at the age of 30-40 years. When microscopic changes develop, anatomic pathologic changes occur in men aged 50 years, the incidence rate is around 50%. 80 years old around 80% and 90 years old 100%. Prevalence increases because of an increase in life expectancy. The results of a survey conducted on Benigna Prostate Hyperplasia patients at H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Hospital in Bulukumba District, patients with Benigna Prostate Hyperplasia have an average age of&gt; 50 years as many as 30 people. This study aims to determine the description of age and sexual activity with the incidence of hyperplasia prostate benign disease in H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja District Hospital. This study uses a descriptive approach with a population of 30 and is sampled. Sampling using the Total Sampling method. The results of research on the incidence of prostate hyperplasia benign disease mostly occur with age and partial sexual activity who experience benign prostatic hyperplasia more normal sexual activity 1-2 times/weeks and only a few are abnormal sex frequency. The conclusion of the study is the age category of the initial elderly as many as 7 people (23.3%), the final elderly as many as 8 people (26.7%). While the age of seniors as many as 15 people (50%) the category of normal sex frequency &lt;3 times/week as many as 16 respondents (53.3%) and as many as 14 respondents (46.7%) who do sexual frequency&gt; 3 times a week. The suggestion from this research is that it should pay attention to various aspects that can influence the occurrence of hyperplasia prostate benign in patients so that its incidence can be prevented and can provide good service, as well as the right action for sufferers of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Expression and significance of Zinc finger MYND-type containing 8 in prostate cancer via the regulation of glucocorticoid receptor

Objective To identify Zinc finger MYND-type containing 8 (ZMYND8) as a direct target for glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and illustrate the correlations between ZMYND8 and clinical characteristics of prostate cancer. Methods Bioinformatics software and Western blotting were used to analyze the relationship between ZMYND8 and GR in GR-knock-out prostate cancer cells. In order to evaluated the correlation of ZMYND8 with clinical characteristics, immunohistochemistry was used to detect ZMYND8 protein in 80 cases of prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) tissues. Results ZMYND8 functioned as a cancer promoter via the regulation of GR, and the expression of ZMYND8 protein was significantly increased in prostate cancer and metastatic tumor tissue (immunoreactivity score: no cancer: 5.700±2.054, cancer: 7.340±2.163, P=0.001; metastatic cancer: 6.710±2.369, non-metastatic cancer: 8.110±1.595, P=0.028). Conclusion Our study showed that ZMYND8 is regulated by GR, and ZMYND8 is a cancer promoter in prostate cancer. Key words: Zinc finger MYND-type containing 8; Glucocorticoid receptor; Prostate cancer; Metastasis; Castration-resistance