Production Of Agricultural Enterprises Research Articles

Mechanisms for introducing innovative technologies into the production of the agricultural sector

Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles and development of practical recommendations for the formation and implementation of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises. Methodology of research. General-scientific and special research methods are used in the process of research, in particular methods: dialectics and scientific abstraction – in determining the essence of the innovative model of development of the agricultural sector of the economy; economic and statistical – when analysing the current state of implementation of innovative technologies in the agricultural sector of Ukraine; monographic – used in presenting the results of the study. Findings. Theoretical bases of formation of innovative mechanisms and their introduction in agrarian sector are covered. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the management of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises have been formed. Organizational and economic measures for the introduction of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises are substantiated. Originality. The mechanism of introduction of innovative technologies in agricultural production in the conditions of unfavourable investment environment in Ukraine is improved, which in contrast to the existing mechanisms provides integration of state instruments of support and regulation of the industry and implementation of state and regional programs at the expense of state and local budgets. In the paper it is offered to allocate production-technological, organizational-administrative, selection genetic, economic and social-ecological mechanisms of integration of innovation in various subsystems of agricultural sector. The production and technological mechanism is a priority in providing state support for the development of animal husbandry and processing of agricultural products. Practical value. Scientific developments will allow to form in Ukraine an effectively functioning agro-industrial complex with optimal financing based on the introduction of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural enterprises. Key words: innovation, methodical approaches, agricultural sector, advantages, technologies, production.

High technology and their technical support are the main factors of crop production efficiency

Annotation Purpose. Identify promising areas of increasing the efficiency and environmental friendliness of crop production in agricultural enterprises. Methods. Monographic, economic-mathematical, analytical, systems engineering. Results. Current trends in the development of agricultural technologies and their technical support are considered, a methodological approach to the formation of an effective technical and technological base of agricultural enterprises is proposed. It is established that the main factors that affect the efficiency and environmental friendliness of crop production are technologies and technical means for their implementation. In economically developed countries, technological innovation provides 70–90% of gross domestic product growth. A methodological approach to the formation of an effective technical and technological base of agricultural enterprises on the basis of innovative technologies and technical means with technical and operational parameters, consistent with the volume of mechanized work and rational agrotechnical terms for their implementation, is proposed. Conclusions. The main paradigm of the latest technologies for crop production is greening, which is based on the harmonization of the relationship between technology and soils, which will reduce the physical degradation of soils and preserve their fertility. Greening of agriculture in the context of global climate change should be based on targeted tillage, the introduction of the main dose of nutrients in the area of seed sowing, and preservation of crop residues of the predecessor (green manure) in rows to protect soil from overheating and moisture loss. To ensure efficient production of crop products in the agricultural enterprise should be formed technical and technological base based on science-intensive technologies and the latest technical means with technical and operational parameters consistent with the scope of work and rational agro-technical terms of their implementation. Keywords: technologies, technical and technological base, volumes of mechanized robots, technical means, technical and operational parameters.

Financial results of risk management of business activities of agricultural enterprises

The paper discusses methods for assessing the entrepreneurial risk of enterprises, identifies factors and events that trigger entrepreneurial risk, defines the parameters of acceptable risk. The nature of risk sources in agricultural production is determined. The factors influencing the cost of production and sales of products of agricultural enterprises, their business partners and investors are identified. A model is proposed for assessing critical levels of factors that separate threats into those requiring risk management and threats in which the impact of risk factors on financial results is negligible. A method for calculating the critical values of profitability, costs and capital of an enterprise, as well as their structure, on the basis of which risk can be managed, is presented.

ПОТЕНЦІАЛ, ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНА Й ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ПОБІЧНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ РОСЛИННИЦТВА ДЛЯ БІОПАЛИВА

The article is devoted to determining the energy and economic efficiency of biofuel production from by-products of crop production. The following methods were used in the research process: monographic (in studying the economic and energy efficiency of plant biomass production in agricultural enterprises); statistical and economic (estimation of potential efficiency of crop production by-products); comparative analysis (when analyzing the economic efficiency of biomass production depending on crops); energy analysis (energy assessment of crop by-products potential of fields). The yield of basic products was determined by recalculating the yield of each crop to standard humidity and purity. The output of the by-products was established using special methods – a generalized assessment of the technically achievable energy potential of biomass and the methods of calculating the available potential of agro-raw materials. According to the results of the study, the yield level of the main products was analyzed, the economic efficiency of the production of by-products was determined, taking into account the crop residues (straw, stems) of winter wheat, corn, soybeans and sunflowers in the conditions of agricultural enterprises of the Myrhorod district of Poltava region. The amount of energy gain to generate heat is calculated depending on the plant biomass when used as biofuel feedstock. The available crop by-product potential of the crop production was evaluated, followed by the determination of the energy and economic efficiency of biomass. The potential of non-market crop production of winter wheat, soybean, corn and sunflower as alternative fuel and a basis for increasing the profitability of agricultural production has been determined which in the aggregate effect – attests to their profitability. Keywords: main products; by-products; economic efficiency; energy potential.

Assessment of budgetary programs for organizational support of technological updating of production in agricultural enterprises

Introduction. Effective functioning of agricultural enterprises at the current stage of economic development is possible only in an intensive way, which involves making and implementing innovative decisions to improve production, management and marketing activities. One of the directions of innovative development of the enterprise is technological modernization of production. Considering the huge expenses of implementation of this process, connected with the costs of material and technical, information support, training of personnel, etc., the state financial support for innovation is important and desirable. It is manifested in the financing of relevant budget programs aimed not only at the direct implementation of technological modernization of production, but also the organizational support for its implementation. The purpose of the article is to identify and evaluate budget programs for organizational support of technological upgrading of agricultural enterprises’ production. Methods. Methods of generalization, systematization, analysis, abstraction, comparison, absolute and relative values are used in the process of research to identify and evaluate budget programs for organizational support of technological upgrading of production in agricultural enterprises. Results. The importance and necessity of measures for research and experimental development in the process of technological renovation of agricultural enterprises' production are substantiated. Training, retraining and advanced training of personnel; advisory assistance; some agro-technical and zoo-technical measures that are a function of the state and financed by the relevant budget programs are substantiated. It was found out that during 2009-2018, funds were allocated from the state budget for measures of organizational support of technological renovation of agricultural enterprises’ production within the framework of financing of relevant budget programs. However, in the recent years the number of budget support programs for the agro-industrial complex and their funding have decreased compared to 2009, and individual programs have ceased to operate separately and combined with other programs. Thus, this situation will not improve the efficiency of the process of technological upgrading of agricultural enterprises’ production. Discussion. It is important and necessary in the future to include the funds in the state budget aimed at financing the programs of innovative development of agricultural enterprises, in particular for technological updating of production. Keywords: technological updating of production; agricultural enterprises; budget programs; organizational support.

Formation of strategic areas of modernization of technological renewal of production at agricultural enterprises

Introduction. The current stage of development of the economy of the advanced countries of the world is characterized by high-tech agricultural production with a sufficiently high level of its provision with production resources. Timely updating of the main technical means guarantees sustainable economic development of the industry. For agricultural producers, the importance of quantitative and qualitative parameters of basic technical equipment and their timely updating is enhanced due to the impact on the productivity of agricultural production of natural and climatic factors. However, the problem of technical and technological renewal of agricultural production remains unresolved in Ukraine for a number of subjective and objective reasons that require identifying and finding ways to eliminate them. Methods. Theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of modern economic science, the work of scientists. In the course of the research, in particular, the following methods are used: analysis and synthesis – to study the object and object of the research; abstract and logical (theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions); constructive and experimental (formation of strategic directions of technological modernization of production modernization). Results. It has been found that the formation of a strategy of reproduction of fixed capital is adversely affected by the disparity of prices for agricultural products and industrial production resources and the significant risks associated with the specific features of agricultural production. The strategy of reproduction of fixed capital is substantiated, which should be aimed at radical technical modernization of agriculture and equipping of agriculture with systems of machines for complex mechanization of all technological processes of production production. Innovative developments of scientific institutions for the subjects of agrarian business are highlighted. A strategic SWOT-analysis of the development of the technical base of agricultural producers has been conducted. Innovations are classified by agricultural enterprises of Ternopil region. It is determined that the key factor for effective technical modernization in agriculture is stimulating scientific research on the development, promotion and development of technological and technological innovations in the agricultural sector. Discussion. The obtained theoretical and applied recommendations can be used to improve the existing approaches to creating strategic directions for modernization of technological modernization of production in agricultural enterprises. Keywords: material and technical support, modernization of agricultural production, technological renewal, agricultural machinery, innovative developments.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬЮ ПРОДУКЦИИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ АПК

The article presents the results of the study of factors and directions for improving the process of managing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. The basic factors of competitiveness of agricultural products that affect the results and quality of the management of its competitiveness are systematized. There highlighted the practical aspects of managing the competitiveness of products of agricultural enterprises, due to the peculiarities of their production and sales activities. On the example of the practice of managing the competitiveness of products of a typical regional enterprise of the agro-industrial complex, its substantive and organizational problems are identified. The authors conclude about the possibilities of improving the process of managing the competitiveness of IC products taking into account industry and regional features of business.

Priority directions to improve the efficiency of swine production in agricultural enterprises

It was established that the increase of the enterprise efficiency is one of the fundamental problems of both economic theory and management theory. Activity efficiency is the leading criterion of sustainable enterprise development and the target indicator at any stage of its development. The study of the enterprise operation efficiency and its regularities and trends also requires a comprehensive study of causal relationships in the economy, their interdependence and interconnection. It is proved that the category of "economic efficiency" is not only the most generalizing concept, but also considered as a complex socio-economic category of reproduction, which characterizes the processes of productive forces development and industrial relations. It should be claimed that the concept of "efficiency" in relation to the processes of functioning and macroeconomic system development is ambiguous and controversial. The multilevel model of the macroeconomic system effectiveness allows us to consider the effectiveness of its various aspects, to systematize the essential understanding of effectiveness, depending on the peculiarities of its development. We believe that in the theoretical and methodological sense, the category of production efficiency is an integral system of market relations in order to obtain the highest return on aggregate expenditures and the greatest cost savings of social labor, the system-forming features of which are human capital, fixed capital and material costs. To sum up, the above-mentioned in the aspect of determining the efficiency criterion, we believe that efficient production of pork in agricultural enterprises will be achieved under the following conditions: maximum possible volume production of quality and safe products with the optimal amount of resources and regulatory losses at different stages of production; taking into account the social component of production (full satisfaction of the population needs in pig products in accordance with reasonable norms, ensuring the development of rural areas in order to minimize the differences in living standards of rural and urban population); taking into account the environmental component of production (minimizing the negative impact on the state of the environment, adhering to environmental requirements in the production of products, utilizing waste, etc.), as well as achieving the profitability level, which will ensure extended reproduction (more than 20% annually). Key words: efficiency, enterprise, category, effect, production and economic activity.

THE INFLUENCE OF ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL ASSETS AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ON TAXATION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Agriculture is one of the main branches of the national economy of Ukraine. Accordingly, the logic of accounting rules, connected with the objects of this branch, must be based on the national interests. However, this statement is not always performed. Today, between the national and international accounting rules of biological assets and agricultural products, as the main objects of accounting in agriculture. there is a certain dissonance. It concerns the order of their assessment and affects the taxation of agricultural enterprises. The aim of the article is to highlight those consequences which the valuation of biological assets and agricultural products has for the agrarian enterprises, with its influence on their tax load and the financial situation in general. During the process of researching, a chain of considerations about the tax aspect of the motivation of propaganda of the valuation of the biological assets and agricultural products of agricultural enterprises is presented. It is proved that such an assessment procedure is not profitable for local agricultural producers, because it creates additional financial burdens for them. This reduces their competitiveness and creates benefits for big business. On the basis of the negative impact of the estimation of objects of the alive economy at fair value on the financial condition of agrarian enterprises when they are in the system of taxation of income tax, a vision is expressed regarding the refusal of international rules of accounting of biological assets and agricultural products.

Analysis of Financing Efficiency of Chinese Agricultural Listed Companies Based on Machine Learning

Agricultural enterprises play a significant role in China’s economic development. However, compared with other enterprises, agricultural enterprises are facing serious financial problems. Financing difficulty is essentially a question of financing efficiency. Based on the DEA method, this paper evaluates the financing efficiency of 39 agricultural listed companies in China from 2013 to 2017. The results suggest that the financing efficiency is generally low, and the Total Factor Productivity of agricultural enterprises’ financing has a tendency to decrease first and then increase. The influencing factors of financing efficiency are analyzed using the Tobit regression model and the random forest regression model. And we find the following: (1) The random forest regression model significantly outperformed the Tobit regression model, with determination coefficients (R2) greater than 0.9 in full sample sets. (2) Total liability, financial expenses, return on total assets, and inventory turnover rate are important factors affecting financing efficiency of agricultural listed companies. (3) Return on total assets and inventory turnover rate promote the financing efficiency, while total liability and financial expenses reduce financing efficiency. Finally, the paper makes some suggestions for the financing of agricultural enterprises.

ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЗЕРНА В АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ МИКОЛАЇВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Abstract Introduction. Attention to grain production is driven by its strategic importance within Ukraine's agro-industrial complex, as its products are critically important as key foodstuffs to support the life. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the economic efficiency increase of grain production in agricultural enterprises in the Mykolaiv region in modern conditions. Results. The general characteristic of the Mykolaiv region agriculture is given. The essence of the concept of «economic efficiency» is revealed and the indicators of its measurement for food grain are proposed. Indicators yield grain crops to the dynamics are considered, outlining the growth of spring wheat, but the reduction millet and buckwheat. The economic efficiency analysis of grain production in agrarian enterprises of the Mykolaiv region has been done for the studied period by the following indicators: yield, cost of 1 centner of production, average selling price, profit, profitability. As a result of the combined impact of rising cost and price, profitability declined by 8% to 25.7% in 2017. The role of scientifically grounded structure of acreage is considered in ensuring efficiency of agricultural enterprises management based on crop rotation of different soil and climatic zones of Ukraine as a form of organization of their alternation in cultivation. Construction parameters for economic and mathematical model of acreage areas optimization of grain crops in agrarian enterprises of Mykolayiv region are presented. Conclusions. As a result of the proposed model calculation, optimized values of the specific gravity of the acreage under different crops have been obtained: the sowing of spring wheat will increase by 10% and the smallest – peas by 2%. It is proposed to reduce the acreage under winter wheat by 14% and spring barley by 8%. Such changes will have a positive impact on sales revenue, product cost, and overall profitability. Keywords: agrarian enterprise, grain crops, economic efficiency, intensification of grain production, yield, cost, profit, level of profitability, economic and mathematical model.

IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY OF THE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

This article highlights the issues of effective management of fruit and vegetable industry enterprises.The creation of agro clusters in all sectors and sectors will make a great contribution to the development of theeconomy and increase the productivity of agricultural enterprises along with the production of competitiveproducts. At the end of the article, recommendations for improving the management of the fruit and vegetableindustry enterprises are proposed.

Trends of grapeproduction by main producers in Ukraine

To ensure the development of agricultural production in modern conditions, it is necessary to pay more attention to nontraditional spheres of activity and production. One of these forms is viticulture. In the article the present state of grape production development in agricultural enterprise sisconsidered. Focuse dattention to there levance of the issue under investigation and itssignifican cein the agricultural production system. The maintendenciesof development of are asundervineyards, productivity and grosscollection of grapesin agricultural enterprises are determined. It is noted that agricultural enterprises devote much less attention to the development of grape production and horticultureprivate households and users of other categories.It has been established that the area of vineyards are decreasing (even without taking into account producers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea), the yield is low. Reducing of land area under vineyards in agricultural enterprises and reducing their productivity has led to a reduction in the volume of grape production.One of the reasons of this situation is that viticulture is a highly capital intensive industry that requires significant investments. For the last years there was a rise in prices, a depreciation of the national currency and some other negative factors that negatively affected the ability of commodity producers to effectively provide the need for funds to carry out the production program. Consequently, enterprises reduced the use of productive resources, which negatively affected the yield of grapes.The main problems for solving this problem are the high capital intensity of the industry, significant amounts of initial investment for the production of grapes, obsolete production technologies, difficulties with the marketing of the resulting products.To ensure the effective development of grape production, it is necessary to pay more attention to the improvement of the organization of the system of sales of the ready products. There are two important problems in grape production sphere – low buying ability of most consumers and competitiveness of grape production. On the basis of the researches, the directions of effective development of grape production are offered. The solution of these issues requires attention from the governmental authorities: the development of appropriate support and development programs, the full or partial compensation of the cost of laying vineyards, the purchase of the necessary equipment for the care, harvesting and processing of grapes. The combination of efforts of state institutions and agricultural producers will ensure the sustainable development of viticulture in Ukraine.The research was carried out using a number of economic, mathematical and statistical methods. With the help of the dialectical method, the current state of development of grape production was explored and illuminated; the economic and statistical method is used to assess the dynamics of the industry's development; method of expert assessments and abstract-logical – in substantiating the main directions of ensuring the effective development of grape production in agricultural enterprises. Key words: development, production, grape, agricultural enterprises, competitiveness, viticulture, trends.

Eurointegration aspects of meat production in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine: problems and prospects

European integration processes have become an indispensable feature and direction of development of meat cattle breeding in Ukraine. To calculate the forecast value of gross production of livestock products, we have chosen a method based on the construction of mathematical statistical models. Forecast indicators of cattle livestock in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine are calculated by constructing a polynomial trend line, since the equation of this model has the highest correlation and determination coefficients (0.980051 and 0.9605 respectively), that is, it describes a number of dynamics most reliably. The polynomial trend model is described by the following equation: y = 35.134x2 – 1704.8x + 20748. According to the results of calculations in 2025, the achievement of the cattle population is projected at 2.243.7 thousand heads. The dynamics of the pig population also reflects the polynomial trend model described by the following equation: y = 19.638x2 – 812.86x + 10803, the correlation and determination coefficients of 0.885268 and 0.77837, respectively. In case of preservation of the current tendency, in 2025 the pig population in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine is expected to grow to 5011.2 thousand head, which is 38% more than in 2017. Based on the calculations (polynominal trend y = 148.43x2 – 2542.8x + 72000, the coefficients of correlation and determination are 0.808084 and 0.653), we forecast that in 2025 in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, the number of all species of poultry will reach 153019,1 thousand heads. This is 1.4 times more than in 2017. According to our calculations (polynomial trend y = 3.013x2 – 134.03x1489.4, correlation coefficients and determination coefficients (0.95734 and 0.9165 respectively), the production of beef and veal in Ukraine in the coming years will gradually increase, despite decreasing volumes Due to the use of modern technologies and increased production intensification, we predict that in 2025 agricultural enterprises of Ukraine will produce 606.8 tons of pork, which is 50.1% more than in 2017. However, paying attention to the projected volumes of pork production, it should be borne in mind that agrarian production in general and pig production in particular are oriented towards market demand, therefore, its efficiency depends on the competitiveness on the domestic and foreign markets. The increased demand for poultry meat stimulates an increase in its volumes on an industrial basis, first of all, the production of broilers, as speedy and high-yielding poultry. According to our calculations (polynominal trend y = 2.1386x2 – 19.579x + 144.8, correlation coefficients and determination (0.985089 and 0.9704 respectively), using modern means of mechanization and automation of technological processes at low labor costs and facilities per unit of production, commodity producers will be able to produce in 2025 р. 2270,5 thousand. tons of poultry meat. In our opinion, the advantages of integrating meat poultry farming into the European Union are complicated by requirements and restrictions and create additional incentives for the development and improvement of production.

Факторы, влияющие на эффективность производства риса

The article considers factors, affecting the efficiency of rice production in the agrarian sector of the economy. The modern tendencies of the rice market development and products of its processing are analyzed. It is asserted, that the efficiency of rice production in agricultural enterprises, is the result of the interaction of organizational-production, natural-limatic and social-economic factors, emphasizes the special role of introducing resource-saving and innovative technologies in rice growing. The need for the development of technologies is grounded, allowing rational use of the natural resource potential of a particular territory and a system of indicators, with the help of which the level and productivity of production is determined.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF MILK PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Introduction. The development of dairy production, which the consumption of milk and dairy products depends on, should be based on the effective functioning of market-oriented agrarian formations. The experience of the recent years indicates the creation of a powerful group of dairy farms, whose share in production is constantly increasing. The article analyses the dynamics of the main indicators of the economic efficiency of milk production in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. The structure of production costs is considered. The directions of their reduction are determined. Grouping of agricultural enterprises is made depending on the number of cows, their productivity, concentration and specialization of production. Purpose. The article aims to develop methodological principles for estimation the impact of some factors on the economic efficiency of milk production in agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. Results. It has been established that milk production as a whole has become profitable during the last decade, especially for groups of farms with 500 and more cows. It has been proved that in case of impossibility of influence on the purchase price, one of the directions of maintenance of profitability is the increase of cows’ productivity. The main factors that influence the economic efficiency of milk production have been identified. They are the concentration and specialization of production, the deepening of which will provide profitability to ensure expanded reproduction, intensification of production, introduction of innovative technologies, increase the competitiveness of domestic dairy farms.

НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ РІЗНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВИХ ФОРМ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

The article is devoted to the study of issues related to the identification of production and economic activity of agricultural enterprises of various organizational and legal forms of management at the regional level, as well as coverage of proposals for the formation of an effective system of strategic directions for their sustainable operation. The article analyzes the dynamics of the average annual growth rate of gross crop and livestock production in agricultural enterprises of the Chernihiv region, which is the ninth-largest agricultural region in the country. It is determined that in 2019 in the region operated more than 1,300 agricultural enterprises, of which there are more than 650 farms, 311 companies, and 117 private enterprises. It is established that the main problems that are constantly faced by domestic producers are: the imperfection of the tools of regulatory regulation of agricultural entrepreneurship; high-interest rates on bank loans; lack of financial, logistical, human resources; inefficient system of information support of business activity; unsatisfactory business support infrastructure; inefficient business management. The analysis of research revealed key factors influencing the development of organizational and legal forms of domestic agricultural enterprises, which included economic, environmental, social, legal, organizational, and informational. Based on the conducted researches measures on the formation of strategic directions of effective development of the agricultural enterprises of the Chernihiv region are offered. These areas combine economic, organizational, legal, informational, and innovation-investment components. It is determined that the defining condition for the implementation of these areas is a systematic approach, which in the future will provide a synergistic effect in improving the efficiency of economic entities.

АДАПТУВАННЯ ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНИХ НАПРАЦЮВАНЬ УПРАВЛІНСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ ДО АГРАРНОЇ СПЕЦИФІКИ

The activity of agricultural enterprises is associated with the cost of resources for production, management, sales, procurement, etc. Therefore, the article considers the issue of cost management and the importance of accounting as one of the elements of the management system. The article defines the content of accounting and management accounting, conducted a study of scientific opinions on the definition of "cost management", testified to the process and system approaches to the content of this interpretation and expressed their own opinion. The analytical elements of the cost management system are substantiated, the algorithm of introduction of the cost management system of crop production in agricultural enterprises is revealed.

STATE AND PERSPECTIVES DIVELOPMEN OF DAIRY CATTLE OF THE UKRAINE

STATE AND PERSPECTIVES DIVELOPMEN OF DAIRY CATTLE OF THE UKRAINE

Char people’s production practices and livelihood status: An economic study in Mymensingh district

The study was conducted to explore the production practices followed by the farmers in char areas of two Upazilas of Mymensingh district, and determine their livelihood status considering natural calamities. A total of 120 farmers were selected randomly for data collection. Data were analyzed with a combination of descriptive statistics, mathematical and statistical techniques. The results of the descriptive statistics showed that majority of the farmers were engaged in C-L-HA farming system (52.5 percent) which was followed by C-L-P and C-P-HA farming systems (32.0 and 15.5 percent, respectively). Profitability analysis reveals that crop, livestock and poultry were found profitable under C-L-P farming system, where homestead and agroforestry was found profitable under C-L-HA farming system. The differences in productivity of agricultural enterprises between char land and main land were found significant in most of the cases. About 65.0 percent of farmers’ average annual income was earned from farming activities and 35.0 percent was from non-farming activities. Food security indices indicated that average per capita daily calorie intake of the households (2068.9 kcal for food secure households and 1482.4 kcal for food insecure households) was still below the national average level of 2122 kcal. Livelihood status of the char dwellers incorporating farmers’ asset possession, activities and strategies, well being, and external policies and institutions was improved by their production practices. Applying severity ranking model (SRM) and agreement index (AI), river erosion, flood, cyclone and drought were found most frequent in the study areas that caused severe damage to respondents’ cultivable land, assets, agricultural enterprises and basic necessities. The study recommended that input subsidy and output price support, and social safety net programmes should be properly implemented by the government to protect the char dwellers in crisis period and enhance their livelihood condition.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 73-86, January 2017