With the continuous exploitation of domestic conventional oil and gas resources, it is urgent to form a new strategic successor force for stable crude oil production, and China's shale oil and gas resources are abundant and rank in the forefront of the world. At present, various cutting-edge technologies such as CO2 gas injection throughput, horizontal well segmented fracturing technology, and horizontal well synchronous fracturing technology have been applied to the on-site exploitation of shale oil, and numerical simulation methods for shale oil exploitation in various ways are also actively explored. Starting from comparing the current situation of shale oil exploitation at home and abroad and clarifying various development methods and means, this paper summarizes the field application and indoor scientific research of enhanced oil recovery technology in shale oil reservoirs at home and abroad, compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, and expounds the development trend of shale oil enhanced oil recovery.