Project Management Problems Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF ONE BELT ONE ROAD (OBOR) INITIATIVE ON MYANMAR

China’s One Belt One Road (OBOR) Initiative is a comprehensive economic interdependent relation which aims to increase regional connectivity and is an enhancement of its geopolitical interest for the benefits of herself, Asia, as well as in European states. Chinese and Myanmar government has invested a significant amount of investment in overcoming the energy technology deficiencies and cultivate the industry to a whole new level of self-reliance. Energy and manufacturing modernisation were made possible through constant cooperation between China and Myanmar. This paper is an attempt to analyze One Belt One Road Initiative and implication towards Myanmar. This paper h employed the qualitative method of analysis. The findings of this paper is Myanmar able to enhance its export earnings of the agriculture, fishery and aquaculture, increase countryside employment as well as reduce poverty. Seven advantages experienced by China and Myanmar through 21st MSR Initiative are (1) the modernisation of energy sector, (2) serve as a gateway between Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, (3) employment opportunities for the local people, (4) increase in manufacturing industries, (5) transfer of technology involving all joint venture industries, (6) exploitation of land for infrastructure and industrial development projects and lastly (7) improved Myanmar financial institution. With all the advantages, Myanmar and China need to maintain a strong political commitment for 21st MSR Initiative long term sustainability. There are certain areas such as structural and organisational integration, project management and institutional problems that may act as barriers. As such, these barriers are to be continuously reviewed to ensure smooth decision-making process, regulation, the flow of financial and protect geopolitical rights in Myanmar concerning 21st MSR Initiative.

Strategies for Strengthening Project Management and Improving Project Quality

The rapid development of our society has put forward higher requirements for engineering management technology and engineering quality. The relationship between project management and project quality is complementary and inseparable. Therefore, this paper first expounds the importance of strengthening project management and improving project quality, then analyzes the internal and external factors that affect project management and project quality, and then points out that there are problems in project management and project quality. There is a need for innovation in project management models. , The construction technology has not been innovated, and the engineering construction cost has not been effectively controlled. Finally, suggestions are put forward to improve the skills of project management personnel, conduct market research and quality inspection of raw material supply, improve the internal engineering management system of construction enterprises, and give full play to the supervision function of government functional departments.

Distributionally Robust Optimization Based on Kernel Density Estimation and Mean-Entropic Value-at-Risk

In this paper, a distributionally robust optimization model based on kernel density estimation (KDE) and mean entropic value-at-risk (EVaR) is proposed, where the ambiguity set is defined as a KDE-[Formula: see text]-divergence “ball” centered at the empirical distribution in the weighted KDE distribution function family, which is a finite-dimensional set. Instead of the joint probability distribution of the random vector, the one-dimensional probability distribution of the random loss function is approximated by the univariate weighted KDE for dimensionality reduction. Under the mild conditions of the kernel and [Formula: see text]-divergence function, the computationally tractable reformulation of the corresponding distributionally robust mean-EVaR optimization model is derived by Fenchel’s duality theory. Convergence of the optimal value and the solution set of the distributionally robust optimization problem based on KDE and mean-EVaR to those of the corresponding stochastic programming problem with the true distribution is proved. For some special cases, including portfolio selection, newsvendor problem, and linear two-stage stochastic programming problem, concrete tractable reformulations are given. Primary empirical test results for portfolio selection and project management problems show that the proposed model is promising.Funding: This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 11971092 and 11571061] and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grants DUT15RC(3)037 and DUT18RC(4)067].

MODELS OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT MANAGEMENT BY MEANS OF HYBRID TECHNOLOGIES

In the scientific article the actual scientific and applied task of development of models of management the infrastructure projects by means of hybrid technologies is solved. A thorough analysis of research in the field of infrastructure project management and identified its unresolved part. Was conducted the analysis of the subject area of the state of implementation of infrastructure projects at the regional level; terminological base of scientific research; a system of normative legal acts in the field of financial regulation of infrastructure projects and programs at the regional level and standards for project management; international experience in implementing programs at the regional level; modern approaches to the management of infrastructure projects and programs at the regional level. A scientific and applied concept of hybrid management of infrastructure projects and programs at the regional level by means of convergence of knowledge systems for project management has been developed. Described the project environment of infrastructure projects and programs at the regional level, which includes the core implementation and operation of infrastructure projects and programs using hybrid technologies at the regional level, and four blocks underlying the set of parameters and values of such projects and programs. It is determined that the complexity of infrastructure projects and programs of the territorial system determines the problem of project management, and accordingly the complexity of projects. Thus, complex projects are projects with a high level of uncertainty of input data, high probability or magnitude of potential risks and the need to use different approaches in project implementation, including the involvement of a relatively large number of experts in different fields of specialization. Scientifically based methods and mechanisms of hybrid management of infrastructure projects and programs at the regional level allow to identify and implement possible measures to improve the situation in the region and improve the organizational and functional structure of resource management.

Implementation of the Hoshin Kanri method in project management of domestic enterprises

The article examines the relevance of the Hoshin Kanri method, the prerequisites for using this project management method for domestic enterprises. The main elements of using the Hoshin Kanri method in project management are described. The authors identified the main problems of project management in domestic enterprises. It was established that among the problems of management of domestic enterprises is the lack of knowledge and applied skills among modern managers regarding the latest methods, including the implementation of project activities at production enterprises. The proposed project management method is proven to provide a substitute for overcoming common strategic level problems, as it unites managers with employees through a systematic process of deployment through vertical and horizontal communication. The content and principles of deployment of this method for the purpose of project management at domestic enterprises are characterized. The main stages and specifics of deploying the Hoshin Kanri method in project management in domestic enterprises are highlighted. Based on the analysis of modern scientific literature, the author built a scheme for the deployment of enterprise project management according to the Hoshin Kanri method. The key advantages of the Hoshin Kanri method for project management in domestic enterprises are analyzed. Based on the analysis of well-known approaches, examples from world practice to the study of project management methods, the example of constructing an X-matrix within the scope of using the Hoshin Kanri method for project implementation at a domestic enterprise is proposed. Keywords: management, project management, Hoshin Kanri method, enterprise strategy.

Utilization of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Discrete Resource Allocation Problem in Project Management – a Simulation Experiment

This paper tests the applicability of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms to simulated problems of constrained discrete and online resource allocation in project management. DRL is an extensively researched method in various domains, although no similar case study was found when writing this paper. The hypothesis was that a carefully tuned RL agent could outperform an optimisation-based solution. The RL agents: VPG, AC, and PPO, were compared against a classic constrained optimisation algorithm in trials: “easy”/”moderate”/”hard” (70/50/30% average project success rate). Each trial consisted of 500 independent, stochastic simulations. The significance of the differences was checked using a Welch ANOVA on significance level alpha = 0.01, followed by post hoc comparisons for false-discovery control. The experiment revealed that the PPO agent performed significantly better in moderate and hard simulations than the optimisation approach and other RL methods.

A Constraint Programming Approach to Solve Multi-skill Resource-constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Calendars

The multi-skill resource constrained project scheduling is an important and challenging problem in project management. Two key issues that turn this topic into a challenging problem are the assumptions that are considered to approximate the model to a real-world problem and exact solution approach for the model. In this paper, we deal with this two issues. To consider real-word situations, we take into account calendars specifying time intervals during which the resources are available. We proposed a constraint programming approach to solve the problem exactly. The problem with and without resource calendars are modeled with mathematical programming (MP) and constraint programming (CP). In addition, the performance of CP approach is evaluated by comparing Time-Indexed Model (TIM) and Branch and Price (B&P) approaches. Computational results show that the proposed approach can efficiently solve real-size instances.

КОНЦЕПЦИЯ AGILE: ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ (ОБЗОР ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ)

The article provides an overview of publications on Agile methodology. In the literature Agile is generally understood to mean agile software development with regular feedback, ability to respond promptly to various changes and adjust the initial vision of the project at almost any moment. The paper reviews the values and basic principles of Agile, provides comparative characteristics of agile and traditional approaches to software development, describes the most popular Agile methods (Scrum, Kanban, Scrumban, eXtreme Programming (XP), Lean development). The review established that Agile is not only considered in terms of software development but also the project management approach. In addition, there are practices of implementing Agile in public administration. However, the authors point to IT project management problems in the public sector. Challenges relate to serious deficiencies in public procurement of software. The authors conclude that it is recommended to apply «Agile contracts» in public procurement. The Charter for the Agile Nations establishes a commitment to a more agile approach to legal regulation and will facilitate the implementation of Agile in public administration. Based on conducted analysis of publications the inference was made that Agile can also be viewed from a personnel management perspective. It has been suggested that implementation of Agile methodology to human resources management is a promising area and emerging trend of Agile development.

МЕТОДЫ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫМИ ПРОЕКТАМИ

The purpose of the study: on the basis of the analysis to reflect the features of the management of innovative projects, to reflect the main problems and to propose methods of their resolution. Scientific methods of cognition are used: analysis, synthesis and comparison. The basics of innovative projects are considered, the modern mechanism of their management in organizations is reflected. The main conclusions and problematic aspects are presented, the main methods of solving problems of innovative project management are proposed. The study reflects the importance of introducing modeling of innovative design systems tailored to the modern economic and social realities of the country. The creation of a single method opens the way for continuous modernization of production in the interests of the production of innovative products.

Multi Project Scheduling and Material Planning Using Lagrangian Relaxation Algorithm

Resource-constrained project scheduling is one of the well-known problems in project management. There are many cases where the appropriate schedule was determined first and material ordering plan was decided considering the given schedule. This approach ignores the interactions between these decisions. The integration of project scheduling, material procurement, and production planning of non-renewable resources leads to the coordination of project implementation and supplying resources. This coordination reduces total costs, including operating activities, production, ordering, holding, and penalty costs for late project completion. In addition to, there are many organizations that implement the multi project at the same time and decisions are made in a multi project environment. In this paper, a mixed integer programming model is presented for the resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem and material ordering and production planning. Due to the application of Lagrangian relaxation algorithm in solving complex problems, this algorithm has been used to solve the proposed mathematical model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model and solution method, a set of sample examples is solved and the numerical results are given. The findings of this paper show the good performance of the model and the solution method and can provide managerial insights for project managers and resource suppliers.

Time-Cost Trade-Off problem in project management: A proposed constructive algorithm

Time and cost are two remarkable elements prescriptive of success in project management. The anticipated project length may go over the desired period in many projects. Therefore, it becomes vital to shorten the critical path in order to finish the project by the goal date. Time-cost trade-off (TCT) in project network, the reduction in time with a minimum cost of project activities, has increased efficiency of the project. To shorten a project duration activity crashing, which includes allocating additional resources to an activity with the objective of diminishing its duration, is the most commonly employed compression technique. The objective of an optimum solution of time-cost trade-off is to provide maximum profit opportunity with a minimum time. There are many algorithms (heuristic, meta-heuristic and exact) established in this regard. In this paper a constructive algorithm is proposed and implemented with a fairy application example to acquire optimum solution or close-optimum solution of TCT problems. IIUC Business Review Vol. 10, Dec. 2021 pp. 115-128

PROBLEMS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE

The peculiarities of modern investment activity of enterprises are analyzed in the work. The goals of investment activity of enterprises are structured: increase of profitability; expanding market share; strengthening innovation activity; improving investment attractiveness. The current problems of project management are highlighted: management of limited resources to achieve goals; funding and weighted evaluation of potential criteria; integration of tasks on the main business processes; distribution of roles and responsibilities of all performers and stakeholders; project portfolio management; project management software. The interests of the main stakeholders of the projects are classified: increase of profits and dividends, improvement of reputation (business owners): efficiency and effectiveness, self-realization, authority (managers); proper wages and social guarantees, self-realization, recognition of work results (employees of the enterprise); fulfillment of contract conditions and refund, solvency of the enterprise (investors); optimal ratio of price and quality of goods, compliance with the terms of the order (consumers); increase in order volumes, timely payments under the terms of contracts, long-term relationships (suppliers); activities that meet the requirements of the law, payment of taxes, job creation, implementation of volunteer social and cultural projects (public authorities); growth of cooperation agreements (intermediaries); availability of competitive advantages, market leadership (competitors). In order to develop skills in the formation of hybrid project management systems, the features of approaches to project management have been studied: cascade project management; Agile; Six Sigma; PRINCE2. Systematized priority areas for solving project management problems: training of enterprise managers by programs: project management software; team leadership; project portfolio management; change management; increasing the stress resistance of managers; conflict resolution; talent management; project management information support; team building; Public Relations; attracting various sources of project funding; planning enterprise development programs and updating business models; reconciling the interests of project stakeholders. Which in turn will optimally solve the problems of project management and improve the results of the enterprise. These issues are for further research: studying the peculiarities of attracting various investors to finance enterprise projects and concluding investment agreements.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE GAME THEORY MODELS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT: LITERATURE REVIEW

The article provides a review of existing project management models and methods using particular game theory tools. The purpose of the review is to determine the current level of the research in this scientific topic, and to determine the most applicable classes of game-theoretic models and methods for the study of particular strategic interactions types that arise at certain stages of the project life cycle. Scientific papers published in international peer-reviewed journals and conferences proceedings over the past 10 years are used as an information base for analytical research. The first part of the article is devoted to the description of the most successful examples of the game-theoretic models’ application for the study of strategic interactions within project management processes. Based on this part, a conclusion is made about the locality of the game theory tools application for solving project management problems, as well as the expediency of developing an integrated approach that allows describing strategic interactions in project management processes in an invariant form. The second part of the article is devoted to the definition of criteria for the existing game-theoretic models’ classification. The classification criteria selected in this part of the article are used later in the third and fourth parts. The third part of the article is devoted to the classification of existing models by the composition of agents participating in the strategic interaction. According to this criterion, the models and methods are divided into the classes "Public-private partnership", "Contractor – contractor", "Contractor – subcontractor", "Subcontractor – subcontractor", "Interactions within the team", "Others". Based on the results of this classification, a conclusion is made about the dominant attention of researchers to the problems of organizing contractual relations and a clear lack of attention to non-contractual relations of performers within the project team. The fourth part of the article is devoted to the classification of existing models by their type. In this classification method, game-theoretic models are divided in two changes: strategic interactions are divided into simultaneous and sequential, as well as cooperative and non-cooperative (within the last class, into zero-sum games and non-zero-sum games). Based on the results of this classification, certain classes of game-theoretic models are determined that are most applicable in the study of strategic interactions in project management processes. The results of the work confirm the prospects of developing both particular game-theoretic models for describing specific strategic interactions that arise during the project implementation, and an invariant approach for describing a project as a complex of the stakeholders’ strategic interactions. The results of the work can be used by researchers to substantiate the relevance of their own research on this topic.

Time, Cost, and Energy Consumption Analysis on Construction Optimization in High-Rise Buildings

AbstractThe multiobjective optimization problems in project management have always been the issues on which project managers focus. Currently, few investigators consider the multiobjective optimiza...

Problems of project management in the hotel business in a pandemic

Project management is a prerequisite for the company’s sustainable development. The pandemiccaused great damage to the hospitality industry, so hotels began to develop separate projects to implementanti-crisis measures.Project management is not only a tool for achieving business goals, but also a mechanism for thestrategic development of the company. This is due to the fact that the achievement of strategic goals inany area is directly related to the effective implementation of individual projects.The purpose of this study is to substantiate the importance of project management as one of thedirections of anti-crisis measures of the hotel business in the context of a pandemic, to determine thelevel of maturity of project management and to form the practice of project management in the activitiesof Kazakhstani hotels. The article considers the activities of hotels in the southern regions of theRepublic of Kazakhstan. The results of the study showed that the experience of project management inhotels has not yet been formed, respectively, the success of implemented projects in risk conditions isreduced, so there is a need to introduce a project management maturity model as an evaluation tool. Themost frequently used tool in the hotel business is the holding of morning meetings and meetings, andthe identification of risks was in the last place. The tools of the planning process group are of paramountimportance in this industry. The selected tools are combined into project management process groupsand a project management practice for the hospitality industry has been developed.Key words: project management, hotel business, pandemic.

Calculating and Understanding the Usefulness of JIRA Developers Communities

Tools for project management and bugs or problems following have become useful for managing the event method of the Open supply package. These tools clear the communications task between developers and make certain the quantifiability of the given project. The additional data developers square measure ready to interchange, the brighter square measure the achievements, and therefore the larger is that the limit of developers keen on a change. During this paper, we tend to gift an introductory determined investigation of the companies-structure of developers in JIRA by learning some well-liked comes hosted within the repository. We tend to study however, these firms perform in terms of the given issue’s issue-resolution time. The most contributions of this work square measure the authentication of the survival of firms in developer networks, and therefore, the actual finding that the given issue’s problem resolution time isn't correlative with the importance of a developer company.

Project portfolio management in an educational organization

The paper raises the problem of project management in the educational process of a comprehensive school, which ensures the growth of teachers professionalism. The purpose of the paper is to develop a structure for managing a portfolio of projects that ensures the implementation of strategies for educational organization (EО) development, an increase in the professionalism of teachers. The methodological justification for the development of a project portfolio management structure is the theory of project management, the project management methodology Scrum. The research resulted in a developed temporary organizational structure for managing a portfolio of projects in EО. Scientific relevance is the development of a project portfolio management structure in EО from the standpoint of an integrative approach, expressed in the integration of knowledge related to the management of project teams of teachers, the essence of Scrum project management technology, the use of the Trello electronic service, which provides effective management of a project portfolio, including the online mode. The theoretical significance of the solution to the project management problem proposed in the paper is the theoretical positions underlying the description of the temporary organizational structure of project portfolio management, as one of the options for a hybrid structure divisional adhocracy. The practical significance lies in the development of a specific temporary organizational structure for managing club teams of teachers implementing projects in the lyceum in Istra, which can be used in educational practice. An analysis of the results of experimental work on the professional development of teachers of an educational organization through the inclusion of teachers in the implementation of projects related to the solution of professional problems showed a positive dynamics of the levels of teachers professional development. This allowed the authors of the paper to consider the developed pedagogical means of teachers professional development of educational institutions to be effective.

Proposed Ranking Function to Solve the Fuzzy Project Management and Network Problem

In this paper, we create a relationship between network model and project management by using data of cost to the residential project. we solved these data by using the crisp network method(real data). After that, by using the same data we convert it to fuzzy data then the fuzzy data tested by trapezoidal membership function to be sure its belong to the duration [0,1], Proposed ranking function had solved the fuzzy network problem to the fuzzy data.

MANAGEMENT ACTIONS ADOPTION FOR ADAPTATION OF PROJECT-ORIENTED ORGANIZATIONS ACCORDING TO THE CRITERIA OF «EFFICIENCY-TIMELINESS»

The article considers the problem of adaptive project management, programs, and strategic portfolios of organizations, their impact on the adaptive response of project-oriented organizations to destructive environmental factors, and ways to improve system control by increasing the properties of the system. Approaches to understanding the adaptation essence of the organization, and the duality of management based on making operational and design decisions, their timeliness are analyzed. Purpose. The paper's aim is to study the impact of management actions on the adaptation of project-oriented organizations in accordance with timeliness and efficiency in order to reduce the destructive harmful effects of the environment. It is also considered the issue to neutralize or transform the destructive harmful effects into positive ones, ensuring the development of project-oriented organizations to increase ideality to increase their efficiency. Method. The system approach, the theory of solving inventive problems (TRVZ), decision-making methods, heuristic methods, logical-structural approach, method of structural analysis and system design are used in solving the tasks set in the work. Results. A matrix of managerial decisions and actions based on the sum of criteria "efficiency" and "timeliness" of project implementation, programs and strategic project portfolios has been developed. In contrast to existing models, it allows you to assess the results of the adaptation of project-oriented organization (viability, destruction, non-viability), the effectiveness of management, system manageability, strategy implementation through projects, competitiveness. The criterion of "efficiency" is proposed to be evaluated according to the orientation to the ideality of the system through the evaluation of properties and the effectiveness of counteraction to harmful external, internal and entropic environmental factors. Findings. The methodological approaches of substantiation of adaptive management of project-oriented organizations to destructive factors of environment due to increase of properties of system ideality and timely monitoring of administrative decisions on the sum of criteria "efficiency-timeliness" have received further development. Practical value. The practical useful effect of the proposed matrix "effectiveness of management decisions-timeliness" is to ensure operational monitoring and early detection of deviations in the management of the organization. It is in order to implement a development strategy with fewer losses and, consequently, increase the number of successfully implemented projects. The obtained results are aimed at improving methodological approaches to making timely and effective decisions in operational and project activities based on ensuring the implementation of adaptation principles, implementation of the strategic project portfolio, the flexibility of time management system, the efficiency of adjustment in case of deviations from the plan.

ПРИЙНЯТТЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ ДІЙ З АДАПТАЦІЇ ПРОЄКТНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ ЗА КРИТЕРІЯМИ «ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ - СВОЄЧАСНІСТЬ»

The article considers the problem of adaptive project management, programs, and strategic portfolios of organizations, their impact on the adaptive response of project-oriented organizations to destructive environmental factors, and ways to improve system control by increasing the properties of the system. Approaches to understanding the adaptation essence of the organization, and the duality of management based on making operational and design decisions, their are analyzed. Purpose. The paper's aim is to study the impact of management actions on the adaptation of project-oriented organizations in accordance with and in order to reduce the destructive harmful effects of the environment. It is also considered the issue to neutralize or transform the destructive harmful effects into positive ones, ensuring the development of project-oriented organizations to increase ideality to increase their efficiency. Method. The system approach, the theory of solving inventive problems (TRVZ), decision-making methods, heuristic methods, logical-structural approach, method of structural analysis and system design are used in solving the tasks set in the work. Results. A matrix of managerial decisions and actions based on the sum of criteria efficiency and timeliness of project implementation, programs and strategic project portfolios has been developed. In contrast to existing models, it allows you to assess the results of the adaptation of project-oriented organization (viability, destruction, non-viability), the of management, system manageability, strategy implementation through projects, competitiveness. The criterion of efficiency is proposed to be evaluated according to the orientation to the ideality of the system through the evaluation of properties and the of counteraction to harmful external, internal and entropic environmental factors. Findings. The methodological approaches of substantiation of adaptive management of project-oriented organizations to destructive factors of environment due to increase of properties of system ideality and timely monitoring of administrative decisions on the sum of criteria efficiency-timeliness have received further development. Practical value. The practical useful effect of the proposed matrix effectiveness of management decisions-timeliness is to ensure operational monitoring and early detection of deviations in the management of the organization. It is in order to implement a development strategy with fewer losses and, consequently, increase the number of successfully implemented projects. The obtained results are aimed at improving methodological approaches to making timely and effective decisions in operational and project activities based on ensuring the implementation of adaptation principles, implementation of the strategic project portfolio, the flexibility of time management system, the of adjustment in case of deviations from the plan.