Principles Of Movement Research Articles

Centrosome Positioning in Migrating Dictyostelium Cells.

Directional cell migration and the establishment of polarity play an important role in development, wound healing, and host cell defense. While actin polymerization provides the driving force at the cell front, the microtubule network assumes a regulatory function, in coordinating front protrusion and rear retraction. By using Dictyostelium discoideum cells as a model for amoeboid movement in different 2D and 3D environments, the position of the centrosome relative to the nucleus was analyzed using live-cell microscopy. Our results showed that the centrosome was preferentially located rearward of the nucleus under all conditions tested for directed migration, while the nucleus was oriented toward the expanding front. When cells are hindered from straight movement by obstacles, the centrosome is displaced temporarily from its rearward location to the side of the nucleus, but is reoriented within seconds. This relocalization is supported by the presence of intact microtubules and their contact with the cortex. The data suggest that the centrosome is responsible for coordinating microtubules with respect to the nucleus. In summary, we have analyzed the orientation of the centrosome during different modes of migration in an amoeboid model and present evidence that the basic principles of centrosome positioning and movement are conserved between Dictyostelium and human leukocytes.

Development of polycrystalline diamond micro end mill for milling-grinding combined machining of cemented carbide

Cemented carbide is widely used in the mold industry due to its excellent wear resistance. However, due to the high hardness and yield strength of cemented carbide, it is easy to cause tool wear failure and difficult to guarantee surface quality. Milling-grinding combined machining with PCD micro mill can effectively improve machining quality and reduce tool wear. In this study, the mechanism of milling - grinding combined machining of cemented carbide is analyzed, and a PCD micro end mill structure with 0° circumferential relief angle is designed to realize the above mechanism. Then, according to the geometrical motion principle of the six-axis CNC machine tool, the multi-axis simultaneous grinding method and the mathematical model of the helix flute grinding trajectory are established to realize the fabrication of the new micro mill with certain helix flute width. Finally, comparison experiments of milling performance between the new micro mill and standard micro end mill are carried out, and the workpiece surface quality and the tool wear morphology are observed and analyzed. The results show that the surface quality and wear resistance of the new micro mill are improved compared to the standard end mill. It is validated that the PCD milling - grinding micro end mill can be used for high surface quality and high efficacy machining.

Energy saving potential of passive dehumidification system combined with energy recovery ventilation using renewable energy

Passive dehumidification and solar collection (PDSC) employs fibrous insulation materials with excellent moisture adsorption and desorption characteristics to conduct dehumidification using renewable energy. This study proposes an improved PDSC-integrated energy recovery ventilation (ERV) system (PSE) to dehumidify indoor environments. Energy recovery ventilation (ERV) promotes the exchange of moisture and heat between returned and supplied air to reduce energy loss caused by ventilation. We explained the fundamental moisture movement principle based on thermodynamic energy and designed the air circulation paths of the proposed system for dehumidification and energy recovery. Five house models were simulated and compared: conventional house with no moisture effect, conventional house, conventional house with integrated ERV, the PDSC model, and the PSE model. Simulation results show that the PSE model has the best dehumidification performance, with an approximately 2.9 times latent heat load reduction effect compared with the PDSC model, in hot and humid summer. This study confirms that the proposed system has significant potential for dehumidifying the indoor environment and provides guidance for the future application of the PSE system to dwellings.

Political Obligation as Prudential Obligation in the Political Philosophical Thought of Thomas Hobbes

In Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes’ best-known work, the obligation to obey the state assumes a rational or prudential character because of the philosophical and epistemological theories from which this thinker has conceived the human nature. Those principles are related to a mechanical vision of the world in which the obedience to the sovereign is explained only as a need to conserve the life motion.According to Hobbes’ view, transcendental values do not exist as a moral foundation like in Aristothelic-Tomist School, neither categorical imperative like in Kantian ethics; only the passions and the universal motion principle constitute the elements which make possible the logic of the political obligation in his theory.

Applications of bioconvection for tiny particles due to two concentric cylinders when role of Lorentz force is significant.

The bioconvection flow of tiny fluid conveying the nanoparticles has been investigated between two concentric cylinders. The contribution of Lorenz force is also focused to inspect the bioconvection thermal transport of tiny particles. The tiny particles are assumed to flow between two concentric cylinders of different radii. The first cylinder remains at rest while flow is induced due to second cylinder which rotates with uniform velocity. Furthermore, the movement of tiny particles follows the principle of thermophoresis and Brownian motion as a part of thermal and mass gradient. Similarly, the gyro-tactic microorganisms swim in the nanofluid as a response to the density gradient and constitute bio-convection. The problem is modeled by using the certain laws. The numerical outcomes are computed by using RKF -45 method. The graphical simulations are performed for flow parameters with specific range like 1≤Re≤5, 1≤Ha≤5, 0.5≤Nt≤2.5, 1≤Nb≤3, 0.2≤Sc≤1.8, 0.2≤Pe≤1.0 and 0.2≤Ω≤1.0. It is observed that the flow velocity decreases with the increase in the Hartmann number that signifies the magnetic field. This outcome indicates that the flow velocity can be controlled externally through the magnetic field. Also, the increase in the Schmidt numbers increases the nanoparticle concentration and the motile density.

Johannes Kepler. The Sun as the Heart of the World

In two early unpublished texts (a Disputation in favor of Copernicus of 1593 and the Apologia pro Tychone against Ursus of 1600), Kepler argued with the Pythagoreans that, contrary to Aristotle ( De caelo, ii, 13), the geometrical center of the cosmos coincides with its natural center. Since the Sun is the body that occupies this central position, Kepler conceives it as the heart of the world and the principle of planetary motion. In the following study, we examine how Kepler further develops this pivotal theme in a letter to Herwart von Hohenburg of 25 March 1605 and later in the Dissertatio cum nuncio sidereo (Prague, 1610) as well as in a German translation and critical commentary of the Aristotelian chapter, which ultimately remained unpublished as well.

Differential Data Protection Regimes in Data-Driven Research: Why the GDPR is More Research-Friendly Than You Think

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of an evolving landscape describing data driven research, this article discusses the role of data protection laws in shaping a free flow of research data. In particular, the analysis inquires whether European data protection law hampers or encourages data-driven research. The analysis critically challenges the shared belief that the more severe data protection regime laid down by the European legislator adversely affects data flows and with that data-driven research. This is contrary to what occurs in the United States, where the more fragmented and less developed data protection framework facilitates data flows and related innovation patterns. We show how research objectives through data re-usability have been very recently given primary importance in the GDPR, where they find a formidable ally enabling the re-usability of public data by businesses and of private data by public institutions, for either public interest-related research purposes or commercially oriented innovation purposes. We argue that the GDPR differently promotes research-valuable data flows in consistency with an emerging principle of free movement of personal data. In order to ground this statement, our analysis links to this principle three-directional research regimes emerging from the GDPR.

Интенциональный аспект теории когнитивно-прагматических программ: от дискурс-сигнала к когнитивному коду. Статья 2

The present article examines the intentional and cognitive-mental parameters of the discourse signal within the framework of comprehending the intentional aspect of the original author’s theory of cognitive-pragmatic programs (CPP). Each intentional discourse signal has four programmatically conditioned basic perspectives of implementation: target (“why”); self-identification (“who”); instrumental-operational (“how”); productive-analytical (“what”). The general model of the discourse-signal of the subject-source (D(S)1 constituting): who — why — as asserts = what is asserted. The intentional and cognitive-mental status of the discourse signal are related to each other as general and specific ones. The particular perspectives realized in the structure of a particular discourse signal are unequal. Each of them has a specific cognitive-mental status, which leads to variability in the status distribution of cognitive-mental angles (indices) of the discourse signal structure. Determining the status of the index (central / conditionally peripheral) makes it possible to determine the type of discourse signal at a specific stage of the CPP modeling. During the transition of the discourse signal from the intentional-signaling status to the status of the cognitive-mental code, it passes the second level of conceptualization. Moreover, each program code is characterized by triple indexing, so it is implemented in three main aspects: target; self-identification; instrumental-operational aspect. The sum of the conceptual and semantic content of these angles is the overall cognitive and pragmatic content of the program code. The discourse signal is the basis for modeling the cognitive code that is the basic element of the formation of the cognitive-pragmatic program and its reduced projection. The basic model of direct conceptualization is implemented according to the principle of movement from the particular to the general, where “particular” is a system of cognitive-mental indices (index-goal (“why”) + index-self-identification (“who”) + index-tool (“how”)), and “general” is the index-result (general conceptual and semantic content of the code (“what”)) On the basis of “specialized” cognitive-mental codes, a system of cognitive-pragmatic CPP attitudes is formed.

Variable-Stiffness and Deformable Link Using Shape-Memory Material and Jamming Transition Phenomenon

In this study, we developed a variable-stiffness and deformable link using shape-memory material and the jamming transition phenomenon. Above its glass transition temperature (Tg), a shape-memory polymer (SMP) can be deformed by applying a small load. SMPs maintain the deformed shape after they have been cooled below Tg, and they return to their original shape when heated above Tg. The reversible change in the elastic modulus between the glassy and rubbery states of SMPs can be on the order of 100–1000 times. We exploited the characteristics of SMPs to develop robot components with variable stiffness and sensitivity. The jamming transition phenomenon for granular material has been widely used as a method to change the stiffness of robots. This phenomenon is the change from fluid-like to solid-like conditions by removing air from a space containing particles. In this study, we developed a variable-stiffness link by combining the SMP and the jamming transition phenomenon. Moreover, by replacing the SMP with shape-memory alloys (SMAs), whose recovery force and elastic modulus are larger than those of SMPs, we prepared a second prototype with variable stiffness. We evaluated the performance of both prototypes, using the SMP or the SMA, with experiments and confirmed the motion principle of the proposed link (e.g., shape recovery and shape fixity). Moreover, it was confirmed that the stiffness of these links can be changed among four states.

Alienation and action in the young Marx, Aristotle, and Arendt

Alienation and action in the young Marx, Aristotle, and Arendt

MIRROR THERAPY IN PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC PRACTICE FOR RECOVERY OF THE MOTOR FUNCTION OF THE UPPER LIMB IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE

Cerebrovascular diseases occupy a major place among socially significant diseases due to high morbidity, mortality and severe disability. Bulgaria is one of the first places in the world in these indicators. Timely and properly applied, physiotherapy has a positive effect on their independence and self-care. Modern physiotherapy is based on the theory of neuroplasticity - the ability of the brain to change adaptively with significant changes in the body and the environment. Mirror therapy is a contemporary approach to restoring the function of the upper limb after a stroke. It is based on the principle of stimulating movement in the affected limb through visual signals coming from the other side of the body. This aroused the interest to develop and implement a program and methodology of its application, including mirror therapy. The aim of the study was: To develop and implement a physiotherapy program and methodology of its application, including mirror therapy, to improve motor function of the upper limb in the recovery of patients with ischemic brain disease and to study the effect of its application. The present study was conducted in the Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine of the University Hospital "Medica-Russe" in the period from January 2019 to June 2020. Of the patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke, were formed two groups - control and experimental. Ten patients were included in each group. The presented own results make it possible to analyze the effect of the applied complex physiotherapy program and mirror therapy in the late recovery period.

Rejecting the Medical Model of Disability in Belarusian Sports Law: A Long Way to Nowhere?

The article deals with the Belarusian legislation and international legal acts in order to answer the question whether the rejection of the medical model of disability is implemented in Belarusian sports law. The author studies the concept of a disabled person, models of disability and legal regulation of adaptive sports from the point of view of sports law and human rights. It is proved that despite the declaration of non-discrimination of persons with disabilities, the problems associated with the medical model of disability remain very relevant in Belarus. The Belarusian legislation uses the concept of formal equality, but it is supplemented by victimization of disability and objectification of persons with disabilities. The emphasis is shifted to the charity nature of medical care, which brings us back to the medical model. The article argues the importance of adopting a Draft Law on Adaptive Physical Culture and Adaptive Sports to eliminate the existing shortcomings of the legal regulation of sports for persons with disabilities. The author also emphasizes that equalization of opportunities in sports should be defined much wider than providing sports facilities, ensuring equal conditions and opportunities for the development of adaptive movement in relation to the conditions and opportunities for the development of non-disabled sports and non-disabled physical culture. Equalization of opportunities should include a freedom of adaptability as a key category and one of the basic principles of the adaptive movement.

Ion Hopping: Design Principles for Strategies to Improve Ionic Conductivity for Inorganic Solid Electrolytes.

Solid electrolytes are considered as an ideal substitution of liquid electrolytes, avoiding the potential hazards of volatilization, flammability, and explosion for liquid electrolyte-based rechargeable batteries. However, there are significant performance gaps to be bridged between solid electrolytes and liquid electrolytes; one with a particular importance is the ionic conductivity which is highly dependent on the material types and structures. In this review, the general physical image of ion hopping in the crystalline structure is revisited, by highlighting two main kernels that impact ion migration: ion hopping pathways and skeletons interaction. The universal strategies to effectively improve ionic conductivity of inorganic solid electrolytes are then systematically summarized: constructing rapid diffusion pathways for mobile ions; and reducing resistance of the surrounding potential field. The scoped strategies offer an exclusive view on the working principle of ion movement regardless of the ion species, thus providing a comprehensive guidance for the future exploitation of solid electrolytes.

Design of a linear-rotary ultrasonic motor for optical focusing inspired by the bionic motion principles of the earthworms

ABSTRACT Multi-motor configuration of multi-DOF (degree of freedom) optical system is a major source of redundant structure, putting a limitation on the simple and miniaturized design. Thus, a novel two-DOF ultrasonic motor (USM) is proposed to provide a feasible method of application in the lens autofocus of the optical system. The proposed USM operates by one longitudinal mode and two orthogonal bending modes, which is inspired by the bionic motion principle of the earthworms. The frequency degeneration among the three working modes is performed, and the working principle of the USM is verified via the FEM simulation. A prototype of the two-DOF USM is fabricated, and its mechanical output characteristics are tested. The experimental results indicate that the prototype achieves the maximum rotary and linear speeds of 3319.6 rpm and 57.6 mm/s, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrate the result of a simple focusing experiment using the prototype and obtain a series of clear pictures, which verifies the feasibility of application in the optical focusing system.

Some Stress Aspects in the Human Organism

In the human organism, the stress is a perturbation. The existence of the perturbations imposes a permanent control of the way the exit size is realized, so that any deviation can be corrected. Stress represents a normal reaction of the organism which appears as a response to an aggression situation which requires an unusual and quick adaptation effort from the organism. Stress is a state of putting in alert, of mobilizing the forces of the organism in the occasion of an event which requires, in order to be kept under control, a big amount of energy in a very short time. This alert state or action preparation translated through physical and psychological manifestations. Psychical stressors are those which come into being independently from the man’s will and destroy – as social factors – psychic and organic components taking place in the response, the organism consequently get tired. During the harmonic life gradually all human psycho-organic components shall get exhausted. During the individual evolution, the immediate vicinity imparts the codex of the principles of the moral motions. This is also a matter of opinion a kind of scale of values, more one can say it is very favourable for the individual from the healthy-spiritual point of view, because they are hardly touched by the negative effect of stress usually people beyond the pale of the society, in straits to the periphery. The physical discomfort feeling with the concomitant psychical reaction is realized by the measure of the personality’s sensitiveness. The modeling method in biophysics consists in the negative inverse connection

GSA-based support vector neural network: a machine learning approach for crop prediction to provision sustainable farming

PurposeAutomated crop prediction is needed for the following reasons: First, agricultural yields were decided by a farmer's ability to work in a certain field and with a particular crop previously. They were not always able to predict the crop and its yield solely on that idea alone. Second, seed firms frequently monitor how well new plant varieties would grow in certain settings. Third, predicting agricultural production is critical for solving emerging food security concerns, especially in the face of global climate change. Accurate production forecasts not only assist farmers in making informed economic and management decisions but they also aid in the prevention of famine. This results in farming systems’ efficiency and productivity gains, as well as reduced risk from environmental factors.Design/methodology/approachThis research paper proposes a machine learning technique for effective autonomous crop and yield prediction, which makes use of solution encoding to create solutions randomly, and then for every generated solution, fitness is evaluated to meet highest accuracy. Major focus of the proposed work is to optimize the weight parameter in the input data. The algorithm continues until the optimal agent or optimal weight is selected, which contributes to maximum accuracy in automated crop prediction.FindingsPerformance of the proposed work is compared with different existing algorithms, such as Random Forest, support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed method support vector neural network (SVNN) with gravitational search agent (GSA) is analysed based on different performance metrics, such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, CPU memory usage and training time, and maximum performance is determined.Research limitations/implicationsRather than real-time data collected by Internet of Things (IoT) devices, this research focuses solely on historical data; the proposed work does not impose IoT-based smart farming, which enhances the overall agriculture system by monitoring the field in real time. The present study only predicts the sort of crop to sow not crop production.Originality/valueThe paper proposes a novel optimization algorithm, which is based on the law of gravity and mass interactions. The search agents in the proposed algorithm are a cluster of weights that interact with one another using Newtonian gravity and motion principles. A comparison was made between the suggested method and various existing strategies. The obtained results confirm the high-performance in solving diverse nonlinear functions.

Prediction Method for Surface Subsidence of Coal Seam Mining in Loess Donga Based on the Probability Integration Model

The accurate prediction of surface subsidence is a significant foundation for the damage assessment of coal seam mining and ecological environment reclamation in loess donga. However, conventional models are very problematic, and the reliability of prediction is usually low. Therefore, we propose a method for predicting surface subsidence of coal seam mining in loess donga that is based on the probability integration model, combined with the movement principle of rock and soil layers in the respective study area, and considering the influence of slope stability and additional mining slip on mining subsidence. The feasibility of our new method was verified by a case study in the N1114 working face of the Ningtiaota coal mine (China) that is situated in an area with abundant loess dongas. The results show that slope slippage is the source of error in the prediction of subsidence in loess donga. The prediction idea of “dividing the surface of loess donga into horizontal strata area and slope sub-area, and predicting the subsidence value of the two areas, respectively” is put forward. A method for predicting the subsidence value of two regions is established. First, based on the theory of probability integral and rock formation movement, the probability integral parameters of the horizontal stratum area are determined, and the subsidence basins in the area are superimposed and calculated. Secondly, according to the slope stability and slip principle, the additional displacement of subsidence in the slope area with mining instability coefficient Gcs > 0.87 is calculated. Finally, combined with the subsidence prediction results of the strata area and the slope sub-area, and the position of the slope, the accurate prediction of the surface subsidence in loess donga is realized. Our results show that the agreement between the curves predicted from our calculations and from the measured data are between 88.7–97.8%. The calculated error of the additional displacement of slope mining slip is between 1.0–9.8%. The excellent correlation between the modelled and measured data documents that our method provides, demonstrated a new efficient and valuable tool for the precise prediction of damages induced by mining of underground coal seams in loess donga.

Unjustified Interruption of the Taking Evidence by the Court of Origin as a Ground to Refuse Cross-Border Enforcement Under the Brussels I Rules

Abstract The contribution examines a recent decision by the Italian Corte di Cassazione rendered in matters of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments issued in other European Union Member States. By analysing the reasoning of the Italian Corte di Cassazione in the application of the public policy test as a ground to refuse enforcement in Italy of a Polish ruling, the Corte di Cassazione’s methodological approaches are scrutinised against the background of the founding principles of mutual trust and free movement of decisions in the European judicial space. The conclusions of the Italian Corte di Cassazione are supported as it emerges from the commented decision that the public policy exception is applied in such a way to avoid an application that would go beyond its scope and purpose. More specifically, the circumstance a foreign decision has been adopted without an evidence being taken has not been considered to be in violation of a general substantive “right to evidence,” whilst it has been deemed that, in relevant fields of life, the lack of taking of an evidence already admitted to trial by the court of origin does constitute a breach of a (constitutionally protected) procedural fair trial in Italy.

Dynamic modeling and analysis of bundled linear ultrasonic motors with non-ideal driving

To achieve larger thrust and higher power in applications, multiple linear ultrasonic motors are usually combined. However, in previous researches, the motion mechanism of bundled linear ultrasonic motors is not explained clearly. Most researchers focus upon the description of experiments and the interpretation of experimental results, therefore until now, the dynamic model of the bundled linear ultrasonic motors has not been well established. In order to obtain deeper physical insight into the motion principle and provide a theoretical basis for better control of the bundled linear ultrasonic motors, a dynamic model for bundled linear ultrasonic motors is established in this paper. In this model, the contact interface is simplified to be a single point contact model and the impact of the clamping part on the performance of motor is considered. Using this model, the output characteristics of the bundled linear ultrasonic motors are investigated by discussing the influence of some important factors including preload, exciting voltage and exciting frequency. Test results show the proposed dynamic model is able to predict the output performance of the bundled motors. Moreover, the proposed model is not only suitable for the researched motor, but also can be extended to other bundled linear ultrasonic motors.

Three-clamp automatic identification of logistics trolley based on 3D printing optical axis movement

With the development of science and technology, the 21st century has entered the era of automation. In the machinery, automobile, logistics and other industries, the demand for automatic handling vehicles is gradually increasing, and more and more companies need new warehousing and logistics vehicles. Based on the principle of 3D printer optical axis movement, this project team designed a warehousing logistics transportation machine. The logistics trolley adopts machine vision, which can recognize the representations of different colors and different shapes, and realize the grasping and transportation of designated objects. At the same time, the machine uses infrared sensors to automatically track and perform operations throughout the entire process without any manual operation. The logistics trolley is composed of a traveling mechanism, a clamp grasping mechanism, a clamp moving mechanism, and a storage mechanism. The weight of the whole machine is less than 15kg, which realizes the lightweight of the trolley.