Principle Of Analogy Research Articles

Theoretical Basis and Legal Analysis of Proportionate Joint Liability of Security False representation Disputes

The way that securities service institutions assume tort liability in securities false representation disputes is limited to joint liability by law. Considering the discretion principle of punishment according quantity of securities service institutions, proportionate joint liability appears in judicial practice. The proportionate joint liability, different from the proportionate liability regulated by other countries in comparative field of vision, is still joint liability in nature, which in China is mainly specified in the field of environmental tort disputes. It is especially expressed as the bearing joint liability in the cause force overlap section of the respective tort of semi-superimposed majority of people. According to the principle of analogy, environmental tort disputes and securities false representation disputes share some similarities in certain circumstances, which conforms to the requirements of the analogy, and enables to apply environmental tort proportionate joint liability to securities false representation disputes in an analogy manner. However, it is still necessary to keep alert of the deficiencies of proportionate joint liability. For the tortfeasor needed to bear the final responsibility, to define the scope and proportion still requires to further improve the legislation and judicial technology.

The effect of phytase and organic mineral supplements in the amount of 2.5% of the accepted norms on the productivity of broiler chickens and indicators of the quality of the pectoral muscle

In the FNC "VNITIP RAS", an experiment was carried out on broiler chickens of the cross breeding of the SGC "Smena 8". According to the principle of analogues, four groups of chickens were formed. The effect of an organic mineral supplement in the form of L-asparaginates (OMEC-broiler) in combination with and without phytase on broiler productivity and muscle tissue quality was studied. The results obtained show that the introduction of a complex of trace elements in the form of L-asparaginates in the amount of 2.5% of the guaranteed norms into the feed of broiler chickens has a positive effect on the metabolic processes of birds, contributing to an increase in live weight, with a similar average daily increase. At the same time, the feed costs per kg of gain for the experimental groups of chickens in comparison with the control group became less. The highest average daily increase in live weight for 5 weeks of broiler rearing was observed in chickens of the fourth group (56.31 g), who received feed without the inclusion of premixes (OR2), but with a content of 2.5% organic trace elements from the accepted norms and with the addition of phytase in the amount of 1 million units per ton. At the same time, there was a low feed conversion (1,652 kg/kg) and a productivity index (EPI) equal to 352.42 units. The indicators of the quality of muscle tissue, at the same time, remain at a good level.

Test of the preparation "DELCID® 7.5" in cattle choriooptosis

The drug "Delcid ® 7.5" was obtained in the scientific and innovation center "Agrovetzashchita". One ml of the drug as active ingredients contains: deltamethrin – 7.5 mg, diflubenzuron – 3 mg and piperonyl butoxide – 1.5 mg, as well as auxiliary substances. It has a wide spectrum of insecticidal and acaricidal action. The aim of our study was to study the therapeutic efficacy of the drug for veterinary use «Delcid ® 7.5» in bovine chorioptosis.Methods. The test of the drug "Delcid ® 7.5" was carried out on 10 cows aged from May 17 to June 1, 2021 at the livestock enterprise SEC "Kobralovsky", located at the address: Leningrad region, Gatchina district, village. Kobralovo. Based on the results of clinical and laboratory studies on the principle of analogues, one experimental group (No. 1) of cows and one similar control group (No. 2) were formed with obvious clinical signs of chorioptosis and positive laboratory results. The drug "Delcid ® 7.5" was applied to cows of experimental group No. 1. Animals of control group No. 2 were treated with the drug "Butox 7.5" produced by Intervet International B.V. (Netherlands).Results. According to the results of clinical examination of cows of experimental and control groups and laboratory examination of samples taken from them, it was found that the use of the drug "Delcid ® 7.5" allows us to talk about 100% effectiveness in chorioptosis of cattle. The presence of Chorioptes bovis ticks 5 days after the end of treatment in one of 10 samples taken from animals of the control group indicates 90% effectiveness of the drug "Butox 7.5" in chorioptosis of cattle.

Pharmacological correction of white rats liver damage in aflatoxin B1 poisoning

Aflatoxin B1 is a hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic compound. It is one of the common mycotoxins that causes various pathological conditions in humans and animals such as acute and chronic liver damage, neurological disorders, neoplasms and reproductive disorders.The present work was aimed to study the preventive effect of a dietary supplement based on milk thistle flour, succinic acid, bentonite, probiotic strain B. subtilis, vitamins A and E in experimental aflatoxicosis of laboratory animals. The experiments were carried out on 24 white rats, divided according to the principle of analogues into 4 groups. The first group - biological control, the second group - toxic control, the third and fourth groups were given medications against mycotoxin. White rats were injected with aflatoxin B1 with food at a dose of 500 µg/kg for 10 days. The treatments effectiveness was assessed by clinical signs of experimental animals and hemato-biochemical analysis. The level of exposure to aflatoxin B1 was evaluated by the state of the liver. The use of a biologically active additive significantly reduced the toxic effect of aflatoxin B1 on the animal organism, prevented a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin, leukocytes and erythrocytes, an increase in platelets, the activity of aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase), alkaline phosphatase and malonic daldehyde. There were no pathoana tomic changes in the internal organs of animals receiving a biologically active supplement.The results of the experiment indicate the high therapeutic efficacy of the biologically active additive used in aflatoxicosis, due to the multicomponent composition.

Characteristics of the fatty acid composition of cow's milk when including in their diet activated and enriched silicon-containing additives

Relevance . Currently improving of the quality of agricultural products is a point of constant attention. The nutritional value and commercial quality of milk depend on its chemical composition and properties, which are influenced by numerous factors, the most important among them is animal feeding. The prospects of using feed additives based on natural agro-minerals in animal husbandry are increasing. These include such silicon-containing sorbents as zeolite, diatomite, bentonite, tripoli, and montmorillonite. Material and methods . Production tests lasting 100 days were carried out in the OOO "Agrofirma "Tetyushskoe"" of the Ulyanovsk region. The object of the study was Black-and-White cows. We created 4 groups using the principle of analogy, each with 50 cows. The feeding is carried out with household rations. The difference was as follows: the 1st group received only a household ration (OR); the 2nd group received OR and an additive of modified zeolite enriched with an amino acid complex of plant origin (the drug «Aminobiol»); the 3rd group received OR and an additive of modified diatomite enriched with the same amino acids. Cows of the 4th group received OR and an additive of modified diatomite without amino acids. Results . Feeding modified silicon-containing additives enriched with amino acids has a positive effect on the fatty acid composition of cow's milk, increases the concentration of caprinic (C10:0), lauric (C12:0), myristinic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0) and heptadecoic (C17:0) fatty acids, milk productivity and improves the qualitative composition of milk.

ICT Professional Job Titles in Croatian Language and Society

ICT (IT) technologies are globally the most wanted job vacancies nowadays, and ICT job descriptions are the same across the world, at least in the World Wide Web. To some extent, they can be adjusted to a particular market. The market of our interest is Croatia with the characteristics of its own, providing ICT specialists not only for its own market, but also for a more developed, mostly European market. As a result, there is a lack of ICT specialists for Croatian market and not enough time for fully qualified workers. A common characteristic of global ICT market is the use of the English language as a lingua franca. The official language in Croatia is Standard Croatian. The law allows company names to be in Croatian and any other official EU languages. English as a first foreign language in Croatian schools has subsequently become a means of business dealing. The lack of IT specialists accompanied by a lack of time for the Croatian language to adapt to new circumstances as well as English being widespread in the real and digital world has resulted in a different use not only of English, but Croatian, too. English is used in its US form properly, and it is also used in its Croatian version (as borrowed words and phrases adapted more or less on phonological, morphological and orthographic level), or – according to the principles of Standard Croatian (regarding mostly purism, principle of analogy), in Croatian translation. Discrepancy between market demands and time necessary for the Croatian language to adapt leads to jargon phrases, which are becoming new technical terms. The question is whether Standard Croatian, Croatian society (law) and its market include these terms as necessary borrowed words that are adapted on phonological and morphological levels, or whether there are still tendencies of purism in Croatia and the Croatian language to calque these English words and phrases in the ICT context in order to preserve the individuality and distinctiveness of Croatian from an encompassing influence of English?

Prognostic value of some leukocyte indices of intoxication and reactivity in fish under the action of physico-chemical stressors

Purpose: determining the prognostic value of leukocyte indexes of intoxication and reactivity in fish under the action of some physicochemical stressors.Materials and methods. The object of the study was the lady of the roach of ordinary Rutilus Rutilus (L.). Control and experimental groups were formed taking into account the principle of analogues (n = 90). The average mass (PP) is 5.29 ± 1.0 g, length (TL) - 7.22 ± 0.39 cm, fish of the juvenile period of development (the sexual structure was not installed). The individuals were accumulated (10 days) and contained the following indices in aquariums (volume - 200 l.) We examined the core index, a leukocytic index of intoxication, blood leukocyte shear index, and a leukocytal index. As physico-chemical stressors, subcutal concentrations of copper (exposition in copper salt 0.01 mg/l and 0.1 mg/l for 7 and 14 days) were studied; imitation of the main phase and the initial period of the phase of geomagnetic storm; The action of high temperature.Results. The analysis of leukocyte indexes of intoxication and reactivity showed that in fish the Krebs index and a leukocytic index have the greatest prognostic importance. The information content of the blood leukocyte shear index and the leukocyte intoxication index should be considered controversial. The blood leukocyte shift index increased only with the exposure of copper salts for 14 days and with the action of physical stressors. Statistically significant changes in the blood leukocyte shift index during exposure by copper salts for 7 days have not been revealed, which may indicate a low sensitivity of the index. The results obtained during the calculation of the leukocyte index of intoxication are similar to the results when determining the Krebs index. Specific changes in the index under the action of physico-chemical stressors have not been identified.

The influence of Trichinella spp. infection on hematological parameters of hens

The purpose of the research is to study dynamics of the peripheral blood cell composition during experimental infection of hens with Trichinella pseudospiralis.Materials and methods. . Two groups were formed according to the principle of analogues, experimental and control, of 10 and 6 laying hens, respectively. The experimental birds were weighed, and the isolate of T. pseudospiralis larvae was administered intragastrically at a dose of 2 sp./g of body weight (4000 thousand larvae per bird). Blood samples were taken from the axillary vein before and at days 4, 7, 11, 14, 18, 28, 35, 43, 53, and 61 after the infection. Hematological parameters (total number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, and hemoglobin concentration) were determined by established laboratory methods with subsequent calculation of the leukogram.Results and discussion. It has been established that trichinellosis in the hens caused by parasitism of non-encapsulated Trichinella spp. species does not affect the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in infected birds. Indicators of the Trichinella-associated process are cells in the granulocytic series, eosinophils. The onset of the body's reaction to the infection as expressed by eosinopenia was detected at day 7 after the infection. An increase in the relative content of basophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes was recorded in the hens’ blood from day 18; such parameters reached their maximum values on days 25 and 35, that corresponds to the migratory and muscular stages of the Trichinella-associated process. A relative and absolute quantitative decrease in these groups of cells was subsequently detected in the hens’ blood; however, these values were higher than the control non-infected hens during the entire follow-up (61 days). The dynamics of eosinophils and basophils circulating in the hens’ blood was due to the Trichinella-associated process staging and confirms the predominance of an allergic reaction in the nature of such disease.

Scientifically based method for correcting the metabolic processes of highly productive cows in a biogeochemical province

The present study describes the features of the metabolic processes correction in cows with clinical signs of microelementosis (hypocobaltosis, hypocuprosis, rumen acidosis) in the biogeochemical province of the Chelyabinsk region. Study of the anamnesis showed that the deficiency of essential microelements (copper, cobalt, zinc, manganese), excess of iron and the presence of heavy metals (nickel) in environmental objects (soil, water, feed), in the blood of animals, deficiency of sugar, vitamins and low sugar-protein ratio in the feed ration caused the metabolic disorders and diseases of non-contagious etiology (hypocobaltosis, hypocuprosis, rumen acidosis) in the body of highly productive cows. Presence of metabolic disorders was confirmed by the results of morpho- biochemical studies of the blood of cows. In accordance with the purpose of the work, two groups of cows (experimental and control) of the first lactation trimester, 10 heads each, were formed using the principle of analogues. Metabolic disorders in the experimental group of cows were corrected using a complex daily therapy that included beet molasses (1.5 kg in a 1:3 dilution), sunflower cake (1.5 kg), I-sak 1026 (YEA-SACC1026) yeast culture at the rate of 1 g per 1 ton of planned milk (5-7 g per head per day) and “targeted” mineral premix (salts of cobalt sulfate (760 mg), copper sulfate (570 mg), manganese sulfate (650 mg), zinc sulfate (450 mg)). The mineral enterosorbent Vitartil (0.1 g/kg of body weight) was applied daily, in cycles of 15 days with an interval of 15 days. The duration of the experiment was 45 days. Corrective treatment was not performed in the control group of animals. The level of essential microelements in the blood of experimental cows increased on the 45th day of the study, whereas the level of iron and the toxic element nickel decreased compared to the background and values of the control group. Correction of metabolic processes was accompanied by an increase in the content of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, glucose, total protein, albumins in the blood of cows, a decrease in transamination enzymes, proteins of the β-globulins and γ- globulins classes, normalization of the clinical status of animals, improvement of cicatricial digestion, an increase in milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows. The correction of metabolic processes, carried out in the experimental group, gave a positive effect, but did not lead to a complete normalization of the parameters characterizing all types of cow metabolism, so it is necessary to continue the treatment.

HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF NEWBORN CALVES AFTER THE APPLICATION OF NUCLEINATE AND SINESTROL TO DRY COWS

The dynamics of morphological, biochemical and immunological parameters of the blood of newborn calves after the use of sodium nucleinate in combination with sinestrol 2% to pregnant cows in the period as close as possible before calving. The objects of the study were 20 clinically healthy pregnant cows of the Black-and-white, selected according to the principle of paired analogues, which were divided into 2 groups (control and experimental) of 10 animals each, and newborn calves obtained from them. On 3-9 days before calving, cows of the experimental group were administered once, intramuscularly, 0.2% aqueous solution of sodium nucleinate at a dose of 5 ml and an oil solution of sinestrol 2% (analogous to the female sex hormone estrone) at a dose of 1 ml. The cows of the control group were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. On the first day of life in the blood of calves, a higher number of erythrocytes by 8.5-9.2%, hemoglobin by 20.1% was found, which indicates a more intense course of oxidation-reduction processes, and an increase in the content of leukocytes in the blood by 11.6 -29.9%, as well as the relative and absolute number of T-lymphocytes, respectively, by 6.0-6.6% and 27.1-52.7%, which indicates the development of the cellular link of the immune system. In combination with an increased content of gamma globulins in the blood and increased non-specific resistance, calves quickly adapted to environmental conditions and were resistant to non-communicable diseases.

ЭФФЕКТЫ СТЕРОИДНЫХ ГОРМОНОВ НА ТРОМБОЦИТАРНЫЙ СОСТАВ В ОРГАНИЗМЕ МОЛОДЫХ ЖИВОТНЫХ ГОЛШТИНО-ФРИЗСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ

In modern veterinary medicine, reference books with population “classical intervals” are used to decipher laboratory blood tests, but they do not reflect the biological specificity of the organism, such as sex, breed, age, and environment. Therefore, this work provides an assessment of the ability of steroid hormones (progesterone and cortisol) to regulate the platelet composition of blood in the body of young Holstein animals, as well as the determination of reference limits for hemostasis parameters. Young animals (n=10) were selected as the object of the study, selected for the experimental group on the principle of approximate analogues, from which blood was taken at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age and hemostasis parameters were determined. It was found that the number of platelets from 3 to 15 months of age increases by 1.50 times (p≤0.05). At the same time, the concentration of progesterone and cortisol in the blood of heifers shows the least variability from the 3rd to the 9th months of rearing, increasing by 2.13 and 2.29 times, respectively. From the 3rd to the 9th month of heifer rearing, statistically significant correlations were found only in pairs with cortisol: Cortisol - Platelets (r=0.74±0.23–0.97±0.08), Cortisol - Megalotlatembocytes (r=- 0.77±0.22–-0.89±0.17). Starting from 9 months of age, progesterone significantly correlates with the number of platelets (r=0.72±0.23–0.92±0.08), thrombocrit (r=0.90±0.14–0.93±0, 13) and megalotlatelets (r=-0.90±0.15–-0.95±0.11).

Dominant constraints on the evolution of rhythmic gene expression

Although the individual transcriptional regulators of the core circadian clock are distinct among different organisms, the autoregulatory feedback loops they form are conserved. This unified design principle explains how daily physiological activities oscillate across species. However, it is unknown whether analogous design principles govern the gene expression output of circadian clocks. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of rhythmic gene expression in eight diverse species and identified four common distribution patterns of cycling gene expression across these species. We hypothesized that the maintenance of reduced energetic costs constrains the evolution of rhythmic gene expression. Our large-scale computational simulations support this hypothesis by showing that selection against high-energy expenditure completely regenerates all cycling gene patterns. Moreover, we find that the peaks of rhythmic expression have been subjected to this type of selective pressure. The results suggest that selective pressure from circadian regulation efficiently removes unnecessary gene products from the transcriptome, thereby significantly impacting its evolutionary path.

ГЕЛЬМИНТООВОСКОПИЯ ПРИ ДИАГНОСТИКЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИИ АНОПЛОЦЕФАЛИДОЗА ЛОШАДЕЙ

The effective management of the modern horse breeding industry is hampered by many reasons, among which parasitic diseases play an important role, which are an urgent problem in horse breeding in our country. Scientific studies of the prevalence of intestinal parasitocenoses in horses show that invasion by intestinal strongylates, parascarids, oxyurises and anoplocephals in the form of mono- and polyinvasions has a wide and intensive distribution. Anoplocephalidosis occurs in horses annually, affects up to 60 % of the livestock or more, while the intensity of invasion is high. To date, there are a large number of drugs for the treatment and prevention of this disease, but despite this, anoplocephalidosis is widespread in horses. The aim of the study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of various methods of treating equine anoplocephalidosis. In production experiments, 12 horses with clinical signs of anoplocephalidosis were used, which were divided into 2 groups according to the principle of analogues, 6 animals each. Animals of the first group were treated with the anthelmintic agent Alvet 20 % granulate and the probiotic Vetom-1. The horses of the second group were treated for parasites with a solution of Albendazole 10 % granulate and were given the probiotic Vetom1. After treatment, the first group completely got rid of parasite eggs by the 3rd day, and in animals of the second group, single parasite eggs were found in two of the seven heads. As a result of the analysis of data obtained in the study of anaplocephalidosis, it was found that the degree of invasion was 20 %, the population index was 2.7, and the intensity of invasion was 13.3.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИНФУЗИОННОЙ ТЕРАПИИ ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ СОБАК, БОЛЬНЫХ ПИРОПЛАЗМОЗОМ

The article presents the results of studies obtained in the study of the comparative effectiveness of infusion therapy in the treatment of dogs with pyroplasmosis. Piroplasmosis of dogs is a seasonal, acute, blood–parasitic disease of dogs, which is characterized by fever, liver damage, and destruction of red blood cells. Competent and timely implementation of rehydration infusion therapy for pyroplasmosis is an important component in the complex therapy of sick animals, therefore, the study of the comparative effectiveness of traditional and the introduction into veterinary practice of promising medical detoxification infusion drugs is timely and relevant. In this regard, the aim of the research is to study the comparative effectiveness of infusion therapy in the treatment of dogs with pyroplasmosis. The object of the study were dogs of various breeds with pyroplasmosis and documentation reflecting the state of the incidence of pyroplasmosis of dogs in Rostov–on-Don. To confirm the diagnosis, paired blood serums for serological diagnostics, as well as blood and urine samples for biochemical analysis were sent to the veterinary diagnostic center "Invitro" in Rostov-on-Don. To conduct the experiment (according to the principle of analogues), 3 groups of animals were formed, 5 dogs in each. Treatment of dogs with pyroplasmosis was carried out in a complex, with the mandatory appointment of etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy. The effectiveness of treatment of dogs of the experimental groups was evaluated in dynamics compared with the control group. In the process of implementing the tasks of the experiment, generally accepted methods were used, in accordance with GOST standards, satisfying the objectives of the study. Based on the studies conducted to study the effectiveness of infusion therapy in the treatment of dogs with piroplasmosis, it was found that the use of the drug Reamberin allowed to shorten the recovery period compared to the control group by 5 days, with 1 experimental group – by 2 days. The drug Reamberin has proven to be the most effective infusion drug with antioxidant, hepatoprotective and detoxifying effects.

PHARMACOKINETICS OF RARE-EARTH METALS IN THE BODY OF BROILER CHICKENS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF USING GADOLINIUM AND LANTHANUM ORTHOVANADATE

Currently, the search for substances that will help increase the assimilation of nutrients from the diet continues, and the most promising in this regard are nanoparticles of rare earth metals (REM) – orthovanadates of gadolinium (NP GdVO4:Eu3+) and lanthanum (NP LaVO4:Eu3+), synthesized relatively recently, because they provide optimization of the state of pro-oxidant/antioxidant defense systems and oxygen metabolism and showed an adaptogenic effect on the body of white rats under conditions of food stress. The aim of the work was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of rare earth elements in the body of broiler chickens under the conditions of the use of gadolinium and lanthanum orthovanadates. An experiment was conducted on broiler chickens of the "Сobb-500" cross. According to the principle of analogues, 3 experimental and one control group of day-old broiler chickens (n=30) were formed: the chickens of the I experimental group received a solution of NP GdVO4:Eu3+ for 10 days, the II experimental group received a solution NP LaVO4:Eu3+, III experimental group – a solution of NP GdVO4:Eu3+ and NP LaVO4:Eu3+ (on average, chickens received 0.09 (0.13-0.05) mg/kg of NP body weight). After 10 days, NP administration was stopped and the chickens were observed for another 5 days. For the study, samples of muscle stomach, small and large intestine with contents, liver, lungs, brain, feather with skin, thigh muscles, heart, kidneys were taken. It was established that GdVO4:Eu3+ NPs have greater material accumulation, as evidenced by the content of gadolinium in all the examined organs and tissues, and LaVO4:Eu3+ NPs – functional accumulation, since they are less absorbed in the body (lanthanum was determined to a greater extent in the digestive tract). Along with this, the digestive tract can be considered as a kind of depot of nanoparticles of both species, especially lanthanum, since 5 days after the end of administration, both lanthanum and gadolinium are redistributed in the bird's body. Since the main critical period in growing broilers is the first 2 weeks of life, nanoparticles of gadolinium and lanthanum orthovanadates can be used for 5-10 days to overcome stress and increase the adaptation capabilities of the body.

ПРОТЕИН МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СИНТЕЗА В КОРМЛЕНИИ СВИНЕЙ И ЕГО ВЛИЯНИЕ НА РЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТЬ ОРГАНИЗМА

The article considers the possibility of using protein supplements obtained by microbiological synthesis in the nutrition of pigs instead of traditional protein supplements. According to the principle of analogues, two groups of pigs were formed after weaning. Pigs of the control group received full-fledged compound feed, the experimental group received a grain mixture with the inclusion of 10% high-protein concentrate. The introduction of a protein feed additive obtained by microbiological synthesis into the diet of pigs had a positive effect on the metabolism, resistance, safety and productivity of experimental animals. In the blood of pigs of the experimental group, the content of lysis and lysozyme was 13.6% and 18.8% higher than in the control group. The bactericidal activity of blood serum in the experimental group was 19.5% higher than in the control. When assessing the effect of feed products and biologically active substances on the body, special importance is attached to the formation of nonspecific resistance of the body. The number of hemolytic microorganisms in the intestinal contents of pigs of the experimental group is an order of magnitude lower than in the control. The ratio of lactose-positive representatives of the Escherichia coli group responsible for the fermentation of carbohydrates, in particular, lactose, was significantly higher (by more than 2.73 times) in the experimental group that received a high-protein concentrate to the main diet. The inclusion in the diet of young pigs, consisting of grain components with the inclusion of 10% high-protein concentrate, had a positive effect on the growth rate of pigs and allowed to increase the average daily gain in live weight by 19.0%. The safety of young animals in the control group was 93%, in the experimental group 100%.

ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ЭСТРОФАНТИНА ПРИ ПСЕВДОБЕРЕМЕННОСТИ (ГИДРОМЕТРЕ) У КОЗ

The aim of the study was to carry out a comparative evaluation of the therapeutic potency of Estrophantine®, a drug of the highly active synthetic analog of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PgF2α) cloprostenol, when goats with hydrometer were twice injected intramuscularly with a 10-day interval in a dose of 0.5 and 1.0 ml, respectively. The objects of the study were breeding goats of breeding age (n=6) and lactating goats (n=37) of the Zaanen breed diagnosed with false pregnancy during screening ultrasound examination. The animals were divided into two experimental groups according to the analogy principle. The animals in the first experimental group (n=21) were twice injected intramuscularly with a 10-day interval in the dose of 0.5 ml (125 μg cloprostenol), and those in the second group (n=22) were also twice injected intramuscularly with with a 10-day interval, but in the dose of 1.0 ml (250 μg cloprostenol). The results of the study showed high therapeutic potency of Estrophantine® when goats with hydrometer were twice injected intramuscularly with with a 10-day interval in the dose of 1.0 ml. After the first dose of the preparation complete expulsion of intrauterine fluid was noted in 81.82% of goats with hydrometer. The effectiveness of the method for a complete course of treatment was 100% according to the percentage of cured animals, and 86.36% and 77.27% according to the frequency of renewal of sexual cycling and pregnancy rate, respectively. None of the 5 (22.73%) goats found to be infertile registered a re-lapse of hydrometra after treatment. An Estrofantin® dose of 0.5 ml (125 μg cloprostenol) was found to be inadequate for treat-ment of goats with hydrometra. After the first dose, complete expulsion of intrauterine fluid was noted in only 52.38% of animals. When Estrophantine® is used at the lowest therapeutic dose (125 μg cloprostenol) the effectiveness of prostaglandin therapy over a full course of treatment is reduced by 4.76% in the proportion of cured animals, by 10.17% in the renewal of sexual cycling and by 15.37% in pregnancy rate. At the same time, the risk of relapse is 5%.

Способ лечения радиационно-термических ожогов

The paper provides the procedure of preparation and application of the developed remedy for treatment of combined radiation-thermal skin injuries, caused by excessive heat and radiation. The developed medication, ointment, contains biologically active substances, such as streptoform, dimexide and a vaseline as the ointment base. Optimum ratio of ointment components was determined experimentally. The medication efficacy was studied in experiments on white rats of both sexes, with average mass of 180-200 grams. The animals were divided in groups according to the analogy principle. Radiation induced injury of skin were simulated with the use of the gamma ray unit “Puma” with absorbed dose of 7.0 Gy, exposure dose rate of 5.9 R/min (8.5х10-2 A/kg). The irradiated animals were subjected to a thermal skin damage (burn) by placing brass plate heated to 180oC immediately after the animals irradiation completion. The placed plate was hold to the hair-free skin area on the upper third of the thigh for several seconds. By degree of skin and subcutaneous tissues the thermal damage degree is identical to the degree of IIIB. Immediately after radiation exposure and introduction of thermal damages the experimental ointment samples were spread on the injury surface with the gauze sponge or plastic spreader once a day. The developed remedy was found to be effective. The mass fraction (wt%) of the burn-releaf ointment components are the following: dimexide 19-20 wt%; streptoform 30-35 wt%, vaseline 45-52 wt%.

Down with This Sort of Thing: Seth Heringer and the End of the Historical-Critical Method

Down with This Sort of Thing: Seth Heringer and the End of the Historical-Critical Method

The role of structural carbohydrates in feeding of cows in the conditions of the european north

The purpose of the research is to study effect of quality of neutral detergent (NDF) and acid detergent (ADF) fiber with its different content in the rations when feeding of high productive cows on the digestibility of nutrients, use of the fodder nitrogen by animals, their productivity. The experiment was carried out on Holsteined cows of the Kholmogory breed during the second phase of lactation (101-200 days) on two groups selected according to the principle of paired analogues - control and experimental, 9 heads each, with a productivity of 8-10 thousand kg per year. The ration of the control group cows corresponded to the economic one. It contained crude fiber - 18.8%, neutral detergent fiber - 42.0%, acid detergent fiber - 21.7% by dry matter. The ration of cows of the experimental group contained crude fiber - 21.7%, neutral detergent fiber - 45.0%, acid detergent fiber - 23.2%. Due to the change in the ratio of bulky feeds (hay, silage) in the ration, different levels of NDF and ADF were created. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that feeding of animal by foods with neutral detergent fiber up to 45.0% and acid detergent fiber up to 23.2%, microbiological activity in the rumen of cow is increasing, the digestibility of nutrients in the ration is increasing, nitrogen metabolism is improving. As a result milk productivity is increasing by 7.0%, milk fat by 0.08%. Maintenance of high productive cows on ration with the level of NDF - 45.0% and ADF - 23.2% makes it possible for more fully stabilization of metabolic processes in animal body, to improve the intensity of rumen digestion, and use feed efficiently. Acknowledgment: This work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on the topic No. FGER-2021-0001, registration number AAAA-A19-119011790116-7. We would like to express our gratitude to the staff of LLC "Polar Star", Murmansk Region, for their assistance in conducting the research.