Post-industrial Economy Research Articles

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ РАЗВИТИЕМ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СКВОЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ЭВОЛЮЦИОННОЙ ТЕОРИИ Р. НЕЛЬСОНА И С. УИНТЕРА

The article presents results of the analysis in the basic provisions of R. Nelson and S. Winter’s evolutionary theory of strategic development, which represents a branch of Ch. Linblom’s school of strategic management studies. It is shown why R. Nelson and S. Winter came to the understanding that strategic changes in the organization are more a consequence of interactions than the influence of management as such. Explaning the main postulates in R. Nelson and S. Winter’s evolutionary theory of strategic development is made with regard to the modern post-industrial economy, including the interpretation of: changes in the organization cumulatively resulting from the interaction of its main working subsystems (subdivisions); cooperation in the organization between established routine and new situations as an important source of learning; the interconnectedness of routine actions in an organization, when changes in one set of them affect another, eventually leading to a chain reaction; orientation of the organization’s management mainly on benchmarking. Thus, the management of the strategic development of an organization in an evolutionary way, proposed by R. Nelson and S. Winter, based on the implementation of changes through the introduction of imitation innovations obtained as a result of benchmarking, is indeed one of the most reliable ways of strategic development. And the experience of strategic development in a similar way in the advanced countries of Southeast Asia (Japan, South Korea, China, India, etc.) is clear confirmation to that

ВПЛИВ ПОСТІНДУСТРІАЛЬНОЇ СТАДІЇ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ НА РОЗВИТОК ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН В УКРАЇНІ

The article analyzes the processes of transformation of the economy of Ukraine in the direction of building a postindustrial society. The real situation in the scientific and innovative sphere was analyzed and the place of Ukraine in the global innovation space was determined. On the basis of the analysis of the innovativeness of the domestic economy, a range of problems was identified, namely: the presence of an ineffective and weak mechanism for the introduction of innovations in the sphere of economic activity and further commercialization, an insufficient level of financing, the outflow of qualified personnel, a high degree of riskiness, and others. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the share of innovative products in the volume of industrial products sold in Ukraine is less than 3% and is currently the smallest among European countries. The export of innovative products is about half of the realization of innovative products, which causes a decrease in the competitiveness of Ukraine on world markets, in particular high-tech ones, and leads to the consolidation of Ukraine’s status as a raw material and lowtech country. Extremely small amounts of funding for innovations and in fact the absence of budgetary funding for the scientific sphere indicate an unjustified slowdown in the process of post-industrialization of the Ukrainian economy. It has been proven that the creation of favorable conditions for the development and improvement of the efficiency of scientific and innovative activities is a priority task of the state innovation policy, because the influence of scientific, technical and innovative spheres on the development and growth of the economic system is of crucial importance in the process of building a post-industrial economy in Ukraine. The measures to overcome the main obstacles on the way to “post-industrialization” of the domestic economy are substantiated. The article notes the need to develop science-intensive, resource-saving and information technologies; strengthening the role and importance of the human factor along with increasing costs for training highly qualified workers; expanding the scale of use of information and communication technologies, forming new stereotypes of thinking and models of economic behavior of individuals and forming a unique information culture.

Creative Industries in Los Angeles during the COVID-19 Crisis: “Critical Infrastructure” and “Essential Workers” in the Postindustrial Economy

Creative Industries in Los Angeles during the COVID-19 Crisis: “Critical Infrastructure” and “Essential Workers” in the Postindustrial Economy

THE POTENTIAL FOR RESILIENCE AND RECOVERY IN THE CREATIVE SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes possible opportunities of the creative economy in ensuring the stability and restoration of Ukraine, in particular its economic and human potential. Based on the analysis of the creative economy during the crisis of 2022, the author concludes that domestic creative industries provide a significant resource of stability, flexibility, and the potential for sustainable post-crisis recovery. The national creative sector has become a tool for international cultural diplomacy, consolidation, and cooperation to ensure the stability of the Ukrainian state in the face of Russian aggression. The article reveals potential opportunities for the development of the creative economy to ensure sustainable economic growth and social inclusion in the policy of recovery of Ukrainian cities, in particular, in the industrial regions of eastern Ukraine.
 The article outlines priority directions for stimulating the development of creative industries at the international, national, and local levels. The priority directions include harmonization of national legislation in the field of intellectual property to the norms of European law, overcoming disparities in the development of certain segments of the creative economy, intensification of inter-municipal cooperation at the level of national and international networks of creative cities, implementation of social inclusion programs and recovery of human potential in the creative sector.
 The author argues that the inclusion of the creative economy in the policy of ensuring sustainability and post-war recovery of Ukraine will correspond to the global trends of the post-industrial economy and the 2030 United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development. The further development of the policy of stimulating the development of creative industries will contribute to the strengthening of the competitiveness of the national economy as a whole and the use of the potential of the national culture to ensure the sustainable inclusive development of the Ukrainian state.

CROWD ECONOMY AS A SOCIAL WELFARE CATALYST: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

In the context of a post-industrial economy and global socio-economic challenges, the crowd economy plays a crucial role in shaping new approaches to social welfare. The relevance of this topic lies in the need to understand how digital technologies and collaborative initiatives can contribute to a fairer distribution of resources and improve the quality of life of disadvantaged groups. The subject of the study is the crowd economy and its various forms, including crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, collaborative consumption, open innovation, etc., with a focus on their impact on social welfare and living standards in society. The aim is to analyse the mechanisms and forms of the crowd economy and to assess its impact on social welfare, taking into account the opportunities and challenges it presents to contemporary society. Methodology. The research takes an integrated approach, incorporating theories of political economy and social innovation. The methodological framework includes a review of academic literature and case studies to synthesise researchers' findings on different forms of crowd economy. The types of crowd economy studied include popular forms such as crowdfunding, crowdinvesting, crowdsourcing, crowdstaffing, resource sharing, open innovation and decentralised production, among others. Main reasons. Empirical evidence confirms that the crowd economy offers new opportunities to improve the effectiveness of social initiatives, ensure the availability and rational use of resources, stimulate citizen participation and volunteering, and improve living conditions. However, it also poses regulatory challenges and raises concerns about participants' rights, unequal access to digital platforms and limited resources. A balanced approach is therefore essential to integrate crowd economy practices into the broader context of socio-economic development. Conclusion. The crowd economy is driving contemporary economic development and offers an alternative way to address economic and social inequality. However, it is crucial to take pragmatic steps to create national policies and legislative programmes that encourage and protect its participants. By highlighting the potential of the crowd sector to improve social welfare, particularly in countries with unstable economies, the study underscores the importance of a holistic approach that includes robust legal regulation and public awareness.

GENDERING LABOUR IN THE AGE OF AI

With the rise of post-industrial society, an ever bigger share of work takes the form of immaterial labour. While organizations of post-industrial economy continue to be gendered, the mechanisms for reproducing gender disparities are different than those in the traditional career path of the industrial era. Gender, which is the anchoring of a certain group of individuals in a specific sphere of social activities, gets reproduced as the segregation into ‘more’ and ‘less’ efficient workers takes place: quite often this is segregation into women and men.

The right to free development of your personality: concept and content

The right to free development of your personality: concept and content

Innovation and knowledge coordinates of modern financial market development

This article deals with the functioning of the modern financial market in the context of increasing innovation trends and the transformation of knowledge into a full-fledged economic resource. The characteristics of knowledge as a resource are highlighted from the perspective of key participants in the financial market using dialectic and abstraction methods. It has been established that in the post-industrial economy, information and knowledge have become vital resources and radically changed the principles of economic relations. Owning information and knowledge and the ability to use them forms significant competitive advantages for all economic agents without exception. In turn, analysis and synthesis methods have been used to study the innovative components of the modern financial market. It has been determined that the rapid spread of financial innovations has a contradictory nature. On the one hand, new opportunities arise for participants in the financial market, but new threats and risks also emerge. These imbalances directly result from the information-knowledge asymmetry, which has significantly intensified under modern conditions. It is argued that the development of global information asymmetry has yet to weaken information asymmetry. The massive quantitative growth of information flows forms fundamentally new approaches to their use in the financial market, primarily based on digital technologies. The article argues that the innovative and knowledge trend of the modern financial market is of a long-term nature and dictates a rapid digital transformation. The spread of digital transformations, on the one hand, is precisely the result of the innovative and knowledge paradigm of financial market development, and on the other, digitization directly "fuels" innovative trends. The innovative and knowledge model of the modern financial market forms a fundamentally new agenda for the state as a regulator. Keywords: financial market, financial intermediaries, financial instruments, individual investors, financial literacy, innovations, knowledge.

Sustainable development of Ukraine as a combination of social, economic and environmental components: structural econometric model of three-pillar approach

The combination of the economic, social and environmental issues of the country-level development in the case of Ukraine requires modernization of the national economic system and permanent deep institutional reforms. These measures should be aimed at forming a diverse, competitive and socially oriented post-industrial economy capable of ensuring sustainable development. To ensure the improvement of the management of Ukraine’s sustainable development strategy, structural (simultaneous) model is proposed, based on three endogenous (namely GDP as economic variable, income per household as social variable and the expenses for the environmental protection as environmental variable) and seven exogenous variables. Such an approach makes it possible to investigate the interdependence between variables. Model parameters estimates were calculated with the two-step least squares method. A forecast of the development of the main indicators characterizing the economic, social and environmental components of development at the country level was also estimated. For Ukraine in 2021, according to the forecast based on the structural model, the economic and environmental components will have positive dynamics and rapid growth, while the social component will develop, but more stably and without rapid growth.

Digital transformation as a factor of changes in the organizational behaviour of international companies

Digitalization is an essential process for enterprises in the post-industrial economy, which contributes to increasing their competitiveness and opens up new opportunities for involvement in global digital value chains. Digitalization practice provides for developing recommendations and algorithms for overcoming and preventing errors within the scientific discourse, thus the aim of the article was to determine the impact of digital technologies on the organizational behaviour of international companies and generalize causes of digital transformation failure. Changes in organizational behaviour under the influence of digitalization have been systematized using the generalization method. The causes of unsuccessful digital transformations in organizations have been structured using the five-stage digital transformation model. The main factors of failures at each stage have been discovered. At the stage of automation errors result from the failure to understand the mission and value of the business and to implement digital technologies. At the isolated stage the negative factor is the insufficient support of priority changes and the wrong choice of what exactly needs to be transformed. It has been discovered that at the stage of partial synchronization systemic digital transformation is hindered by an ineffective change management strategy or an insufficient number of transformation projects for adequate change of the overall operation. Problems with the organizational structure or digital literacy can lead to the disruption of digital transformation at the stage of full synchronization. The risks of continuous transformation stage result from losing the priority, ensuring the transformation, due to inflexible culture, lack of discipline regarding the constant identification of new business disruption risks and responding to them. The practical significance of the present research is stipulated by the proposed recommendations for changes in the organizational behaviour of companies that will reduce the risks of failures in particular and failures of digital transformation as a whole

THE CHALLENGES AND PROMISES OF PRODUCTIVE AGING

To continue to grow in the face of declining and aging populations, high- and middle-income countries have three options: increase migration, use more automation, and retain and attract older workers into the labor force. Restrictions on the number of migrants countries are willing to absorb, and limits on the impact of automation on productivity in post-industrial economies make the third option the most economically and politically viable in many settings.

California Affordable Housing Policies Fail in Wealthy Towns: A Case Study of the CityWalk Project

To remedy its lack of affordable housing, the state of California has passed legislation aimed at implementing fair housing principles, including rules that require the creation of low-income housing in cities throughout the state. In San Ramon, a new development plan has been approved which will create thousands of housing units, retail developments, parks, a new hotel, and parking amenities. Called CityWalk, the new development projects a vision of a “walkable city,” one in which people can live and work in the same district, never having to commute by car again. The reality, however, is that San Ramon’s housing prices are likely inaccessible for the workers that CityWalk is hoping to attract -- the labor force composed primarily of retail salespeople, restaurant cooks and servers, hotel maids and janitors, among other low-wage employees, who might actually work in the immediate vicinity. CityWalk meets the state’s 15% affordable housing allocation requirements, but upon further inspection, it may not meet the needs of the workers who need housing. Did San Ramon build housing units affordable enough to not only satisfy the state government’s mandates on low-income housing but also make workers of CityWalk residents of San Ramon? Do affordability thresholds based on relatively high percentages of area median income make sense in the context of highly polarized, post-industrial economies? CityWalk is a case study for the state of California that suggests policy makers and citizens alike may need to think deeper about both the execution and impacts of affordable housing in wealthy California towns.

Концептуальні підходи до формування феномену освіти людей третього віку

The growing attention of researchers to the life problems of people of the third age has led to a deep study of various factors of personality development in late life, among which education is of particular interest. Demographic, economic and social realities have led to the transformation of approaches to the role of people of the third age in society and the creation of opportunities for active and productive ageing, which has acquired strategic importance in the period of the post-industrial economy. The article presents an analysis of the main ideas and theoretical provisions regarding the formation of the phenomenon of education of people of the third age, which have been developed in the context of relevant concepts formulated in the scientific area of psychology and educational gerontology.

Bread or roses? Trade unions, female employment and the expansion of work-family policies

ABSTRACT In the Fordist era, trade unions promoted welfare state expansion and coverage against risks for the broader workforce. With the shift to the post-industrial economy, however, new economic groups have been left without representation. This is particularly evident for women: despite a rapid increase in female employment since the 1980s, unions’ membership base remains anchored in the male, old and industrial working class. Without the crucial pressure of labour, welfare systems have failed to enhance the reconciliation of work and family life. Under which conditions do unions support the expansion of work-family policies? Marshalling evidence from 20 OECD countries in the 1980–2010 period, this paper investigates the role of political actors in family policy reform. Findings suggest that unions promote the expansion of work-family packages when they are gender-inclusive and have institutional access to policy-making.

Dynamics of the Structure of the Value of Labor in the Post-Industrial Economy of Russia

Dynamics of the Structure of the Value of Labor in the Post-Industrial Economy of Russia

“Make Crafts, Not Business.” The Future of the Post-Industrial Economy

In this column, “In Simple Words,” we publish materials that, as the title states, are written in simple words, without trying to be “scientific.” These articles are more like essays, representing their authors’ views and reflecting socially significant topics.“Manual labor, having survived the hardest period of stagnation during the Industrial Age, is now returning under a new guise,” social entrepreneur Ekaterina Zatuliveter believes. The line between consumers and producers is fading. A new consumption model is emerging, called prosumerism. Why craft labor should be brought from the past into the future and how it will help humanity move away from mass consumerism to a society of prosumerism, are the topics of this original article

The perspective of developing new forms a Russian pensioner’s employment

The article focuses on the directions and current barriers for including Russian pensioners in new forms of employment. Radical transformations of labour in the post-industrial economy with the accompanying process of “new demographic transition” require modernization of existing approaches and programmes to organize work activities in elderly age groups. In order to effectively address these challenges, it is necessary to solve a series of conceptual issues in defining new forms of employment, that make it difficult to measure the scale of their spread, to develop assistance programmes that lead to bias regulation of emerging new models of employment. The dominant organizational, technological and legal approaches should be integrated with sociological diagnostics and examination of the transformation processes.Based on the results of sociological survey of Russian pensioners (2022), current statistical data and results of research centers (VCIOM, FOM, SuperJob, HeadHunter) the attitude and availability of Russian pensioners to remote work and self-employment are revealed. The article substantiates the need for a differentiated approach to the development of programmes to support new forms of employment for the elderly people (public and company employment programmes) based on the systemic analysis of pensioners’ and pre-retirees’ perception of changes in their social and employment status, taking into account a variety of individual characteristics (age, gender, etc.), local socio-economic conditions (place of residence) and life situations. Based on the analysis of remote employment and self-employment, it is justified that the development of new forms will allow pensioners to form more diverse life and work trajectories that meet their interests.

On the right to information as an element of personal information security

No sphere of life in modern society can function without a developed information structure. The national information resource is today one of the main sources of economic and military power of the state. Penetrating into all spheres of state activity, information acquires specific political, material and cost expressions. Today, anything carries some kind of information. Even elementary household appliances can be presented as a carrier of information — information about the principles of its design and operation. Modern Russia is at the stage of transition to a post-industrial economy and an information society. The success of this transition directly depends on the normal circulation of information and the optimization of social management. In the light of the social nature of society and a person, information freely circulating in society creates the prerequisites for creating a more developed society, at the expense of a more intellectually developed person. In this regard, it is advisable to talk about the need to organize the optimal provision of a citizen with a wide variety of information, meet the information needs of the individual and achieve the information openness of society. Legal access relations are one-sided, i.e. The rights of the consumer to receive information correspond to the obligations of the supplier to provide it. Enough questions arise in determining the characteristics that information must have in order to be considered usable. In modern Russian legislation, among others, the terms «completeness», «reliability», «objectivity», «distortion» appear, but the content of these categories has not been established. In this regard, it is advisable to talk about the need to organize the optimal provision of a citizen with a wide variety of information, meet the information needs of the individual and achieve the information openness of society.

Accounting and control of indebtedness according to electronic payments of food industry enterprises using information and communication technologies

Introduction. Digitization of socio-economic processes and the implementation of modern information and communication technologies in the currency and banking sphere have led to the evolution of the methodology of electronic settlements with counterparties. The latest stage in the development of electronic transaction systems is the information integration of counterparties into a single information environment of business relationships based on the principles of blockchain technology.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to research the peculiarities of the organization of accounting and control of electronic payments and improvement of their methodology in the context of debt repayment in the conditions of the use of information and communication technologies.Methods. Systemic, innovative, functional approaches and methods of generalization, bibliographic and comparative analysis were used in the process of realizing the established goal of scientific research.Results. It is proved that the fundamental basis of the system of electronic transactions are electronic contracts, which form a database for the digitization of accounting and control processes. A list of permanent and variable accounting data provided by the electronic payment system and the company’s divisions for the digitization of accounting for the occurrence and repayment of receivables and payables is proposed. The procedure for internal control of payment discipline and external independent control (confirmation) of business reliability and solvency has been improved with the notification of all counterparties interested in cooperation. A methodology for rating counterparties based on the reliability criterion has been developed to automate accounting for the formation and use of the reserve of doubtful debts. The possibility and expediency of alternate automatic mutual offsetting of receivables and payables between all counterparties of food industry enterprises based on accounting information based on previously executed smart contracts is substantiated. Mutual repayment of debt in the system of electronic transactions contributes to the minimization of the overall level of debt in the economic systems of the association of enterprises of food industry, cities, regions, etc.Discussion. The automatic offsetting of indebtedness ensures the formation of the phenomenon of debt-free (minimally debt) activity of food industry enterprises, which is an important element of the formation of a post-industrial economy and an optimization society, in which all socio-economic processes are adapted to the needs of people, which is the subject of subsequent scientific research.

The Role of Innovation in Economic Development Republic of Tajikistan

This article discusses the role of innovation in the development of the economy, changing its structure and the formation of new market conditions. The level of innovative development among the CIS countries is compared on the basis of various indicators.Aim. Analyze the current state of innovative development of the economy of the Republic of Tajikistan and compare the level of its development with the CIS countries.Task. Determine the impact of innovations on economic growth and their importance in the development of science-intensive industries, and in general for improving the standard of living of the population. Consider the contribution of innovation to economic growth in the Republic of Tajikistan.Methods. In this article, the comparative method, the method of generalization and expert analysis were used.Results. When considering the role and significance of innovation, it was revealed that new products, technology or equipment based on new knowledge not only contribute to the socio-economic growth in the country, but also determine its higher position in the world community and ensure national security. Therefore, the role of fundamental and applied research, as well as scientific developments and, most importantly, their practical application in the production process, has recently increased.Conclusion. In the second half XX century, scientists, along with the extensive and intensive type of economic growth, began to consider the innovative type. This was due to the fact that investing in information, science, high technology and the commercialization of new knowledge contributed not only to economic growth in developed countries, but formed the prerequisites for the initial stage of a post-industrial economy, or a knowledge-based economy.