Porous Membrane Research Articles

Recent Research on Pore Sealing

Abstract: The article underscores the pivotal significance of sealing membrane pores in augmenting material performance and delves into the foundational principles governing membrane pore sealing. It thoroughly scrutinizes the evolution of membrane pore sealing technology, with a particular emphasis on anodization and micro-arc oxidation processes. Methods for sealing membrane pores are classified into hydration, organic, inorganic techniques, and other approaches to foster comprehension. Furthermore, the article deliberates on novel techniques for sealing membrane coatings, assesses their merits and demerits, and proposes enhancement strategies. These endeavors are geared towards propelling the advancement of membrane pore sealing technology, thereby enhancing efficiency, sustainability, and multifunctionality.

A Janus membrane with silica nanoparticles interlayer for treating coal mine water via membrane distillation

The use of membrane distillation (MD) technology to treat coal mine water content has great potential, and the Janus membrane is very resistant to scaling and wetting during MD. In this work, SiO2 nanoparticles were electrostatically adsorbed onto the surface of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, followed by the construction of a polyamide (PA) layer through interfacial polymerization (IP). The intermediate layer of SiO2 nanoparticles can promote the enrichment of amine monomers during the subsequent IP process as well as slow its entry into the organic phase to regulate the PA layer. The addition of SiO2 nanoparticles was increased from 0 to 0.10 %, and the thickness of the polyamide layer was also reduced from 225.1 nm to 102.3 nm. Compared with the original membrane vapor flux of 40.9 ± 1.0LMH, the modified membrane vapor flux slightly increased to 46.2 ± 0.9LMH, but excessive SiO2 nanoparticles blocked the membrane pore, resulting in a decrease in flux. MD experiments show that the Janus membrane is wettability and scaling resistance when passing through the salt solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant or simulated wastewater as feed. At the same time, the interface thermodynamics of the simulated wastewater and the membrane are calculated to understand the anti-scaling mechanism of the membrane, offering a theoretical foundation for the application of real mine water.

Ecofriendly hydrophilic modification of microfiltration membranes using pyrogallol/ε-polylysine

Microfiltration (MF) membranes need to be hydrophilized to enhance their fouling resistance and applicability. Previous modification strategies are somewhat ineffective and rely on harmful synthetic chemicals. Here, we propose a versatile and ecofriendly strategy to hydrophilize MF membranes via simple coating with the natural compounds, pyrogallol (PG) and ε-polylysine (EPL). The PG/EPL aqueous coating solution produced crosslinked macromolecular PG/EPL complexes via the auto-oxidation of PG and its subsequent reactions with numerous EPL amines. The PG/EPL complexes were densely coated on MF membranes via collective hydrophobic interactions between their abundant PG moieties and membrane surfaces, achieving the excellent hydrodynamic and pH stabilities of the PG/EPL coating. The PG/EPL coating also significantly and uniformly improved the hydrophilicity of the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane with no distinct deformation of the membrane pore structure. Hence, the PG/EPL-coated PVDF membrane exhibited remarkably higher organic fouling resistance and water permeance (∼22% enhancement) than its pristine control. Furthermore, the PG/EPL-coated PVDF membrane demonstrated dramatic improvements in oil–water separation (∼27% higher oil rejection) and oil antifouling performance compared with its pristine counterpart. The PG/EPL coating was further extended to hydrophilize other polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene MF membranes. The proposed coating strategy provides a versatile and ecofriendly platform for hydrophilizing various membranes.

Ionic Current Saturation Enabled by Cation Gating Effect in Metal-Organic-Framework Membranes.

Ion transport through nanoporous two-dimensional (2D) membranes is predicted to be tunable by controlling the charging status of the membranes' planar surfaces, the behavior of which though remains to be assessed experimentally. Here we investigate ion transport through intrinsically porous membranes made of 2D metal-organic-framework layers. In the presence of certain cations, we observe a linear-to-nonlinear transition of the ionic current in response to the applied electric field, the behavior of which is analogous to the cation gating effect in the biological ion channels. Specifically, the ionic currents saturate at transmembrane voltages exceeding a few hundreds of millivolts, depending on the concentration of the gating cations. This is attributed to the binding of cations at the membranes' surfaces, tuning the charging states there and affecting the entry/exit process of translocating ions. Our work also provides 2D membranes as candidates for building nanofluidic devices with tunable transport properties.

Fast Sweat Wicking Enabled by Unidirectional Water Transport in Biodegradable Trilayered Porous Membranes Produced via Papermaking

Fast Sweat Wicking Enabled by Unidirectional Water Transport in Biodegradable Trilayered Porous Membranes Produced via Papermaking

Combining computational screening and machine learning to explore MOFs and COFs for methane purification

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have great potential to be used as porous adsorbents and membranes to achieve high-performance methane purification. Although the continuous increase in the number and diversity of MOFs and COFs is a great opportunity for the discovery of novel adsorbents and membranes with superior performances, evaluating such a vast number of materials in the quickest and most effective manner requires the development of computational approaches. High-throughput computational screening based on molecular simulations has been extensively used to identify the most promising MOFs and COFs for methane purification. However, the enormous and ever-growing material space necessitates more efficient approaches in terms of time and effort. Combining data science with molecular simulations has recently accelerated the discovery of optimal MOF and COF materials for methane purification and revealed the hidden structure–performance relationships. In this perspective, we highlighted the recent developments in combining high-throughput molecular simulations and machine learning to accurately identify the most promising MOF and COF adsorbents and membranes among thousands of candidates for separating methane from other gases including acetylene, carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen, and nitrogen. After providing a brief overview of the topic, we reviewed the pioneering contributions in the field and discussed the current opportunities and challenges that we need to direct our efforts for the design and discovery of adsorbent and membrane materials.

Enhancing proton transport in polyvinylidenedifluoride membranes and reducing biofouling for improved hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis cells

Hydrophilic porous membranes, exemplified by polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, have demonstrated significant potential for replacing ion exchange membranes in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). Membrane fouling remains a major challenge in MECs, impeding proton transport and consequently limiting hydrogen production. This study aims to investigate a synergistic antifouling strategy for PVDF membrane through the incorporation of a coating composed of polydopamine (PDA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The PDA-PEI-Ag@PVDF membrane not only effectively mitigates fouling through steric and electrostatic repulsion forces, but also amplifies ion transport by facilitating water diffusion and electromigration. The PDA-PEI-Ag@PVDF membrane exhibited a reduced membrane resistance of 1.01 mΩ m2 and PDA-PEI-Ag modifying PVDF membrane was found to be effective in enhancing the proton transportation of PVDF membrane. Therefore, the enhanced hydrogen production rate of 2.65 ± 0.02 m3/m3/d was achieved in PDA-PEI-Ag@PVDF-MECs.

Enrichment of Total Flavonoids and Licochalcone A from Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. Residue Based on a Combined Membrane-Macroporous Resin Process and a Quality-Control Study.

Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. produces a lot of licorice waste after water extraction, which also retains abundant total flavonoids (TFs) and licochalcone A. However, licorice residue is often wasted due to the lack of good utilization of resources in practical applications. This study first screened the optimal membrane pore size and resin type and then explored the mechanism and conditions of the adsorption of TFs on the resin. Then, different combinations and sequences of membrane and macroporous resin (MR) methods were investigated. It was found that using the membrane method for initial purification, followed by the MR method for further purification, yielded the best purification results. Next, response surface methodology was utilized to investigate the resin's dynamic desorption conditions for TFs. Finally, the TF purity increased from 32.9% to 78.2% (2.38-fold) after purification by a combined membrane-MR process; the purity of licochalcone A increased from 11.63 mg·g-1 to 22.70 mg·g-1 (1.95-fold). This study verified the feasibility of enriching TFs and licochalcone A from licorice residue using a membrane-MR coupling method. In addition, a quality-control method was established using a fingerprinting method on the basis of ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) to ensure the stability of the enrichment process.

Tailoring porous structure in non-ionic polymer membranes using multiple templates for low-cost iron-lead single-flow batteries

Porous ion-selective membranes are promising alternatives for the expensive perfluorosulfonic acid membranes in redox flow batteries. In this work, novel non-ionic porous polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene membranes are designed for iron-lead single-flow batteries. The membranes are prepared using a multiple template approach, involving simultaneously using polyethylene glycol and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as pore-forming templates. Their porous structure is finely tuned by adjusting the ratio of the two templates. As a result, dual-porous membranes bearing both macro and micropores are obtained. The H3520 membrane with modified porous structure attains a high proton conductivity of 43.5 mS·cm-1 and a relatively low ferric ion diffusion constant (8.61 × 10-8 cm2·min-1) and demonstrates the best balance between these performance-determining parameters (selectivity 5.04 × 105 S·min·cm-3, higher than that of the N115 membrane). Besides, performance tests of the iron-lead single-flow single cells equipped with the dual-porous membranes show a high energy efficiency, exceeding 87.2% at its rated current density, and outstanding cycling stability over 200 charge-discharge cycles. Altogether, the mixed template method presents a promising strategy to prepare high-performance and low-cost non-ionic membranes for redox flow batteries.

Nanoparticle-filled oriented nanofiber membrane for effective emulsion separation via spin coating

Patterned membranes, particularly those modified with nanoparticles, are commonly used in the effective filtration separation of emulsions. However, the conventional fabrication methods are based on wet spinning that require large quantities of organic solvents, necessitating treatment and recycling. This increases the economic and environmental cost, damages the environment, and lowers the production efficiency. In this study, we develop a novel spin-coating method to directly fabricate oriented and patterned nanofiber membranes from powders without harsh solution treatment. The patterned nanofiber membrane exhibits a higher flux than a traditional porous membrane with disordered nanofibers and the same retention rate. The use of oriented nanofiber membranes filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene enhances the emulsion-breaking effect during emulsion separation. The effect of the type and diameter of the nanofibers on the orientation degradation of the oriented nanofiber membrane is analyzed. The combination of nanofiber membranes with nanoparticles enables the design and synthesis of composite nanofiber membranes with precisely tailored pore structures for various applications.

Performance assessment and economic aspects for water reclamation from UASB reactor effluent: Influence of coagulant type and membrane pore size

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the influence of coagulant type in coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation processes and membrane pore size on the performance and economic aspects of water reclamation from UASB reactor effluent. The methodology involved laboratory-scale experiments using two different coagulant types (a modified tannin coagulant, TANm, and a polyaluminum chloride, PACl) and membrane filtration tests with microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF). Compared to PACl, TANm had a smaller effect on the pH, consumed less alkalinity, and generated less sludge. However, PACl was more efficient in removing turbidity (89–97%), organic matter (70–72%), and phosphorus within the dosage range of 25 to 100 mg.L−1. Both membranes achieved high removal rates for turbidity and organic matter. Despite the higher flux decay, the MF system could have higher operating flux and lower fouling resistance. The operating costs were higher for the C/F systems, which was attributed to the cost of coagulants and sludge disposal. The system with MF membranes had a lower total cost, and the estimated payback period for the investment was between 0.73 to 0.24 years, based on the values charged for reuse water. This information can be used to optimize the design and operation of UASB-based water reclamation systems.

Cytocompatibility of electrospun poly-L-lactic acid membranes for Bruch's membrane regeneration using human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Cell replacement therapy is under development for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A thin membrane resembling the Bruch's membrane is required to form a cell-on-membrane construct with retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. These cells have been differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro. A carrier membrane is required for cell implantation, which is biocompatible for cell growth and has dimensions and physical properties resembling the Bruch's membrane. Here a nanofiber electrospun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) membrane is tested for capacity to support cell growth and maturation. The requirements for laminin coating of the membrane are identified here. A porous electrospun nanofibrous PLLA membrane of ∼50 nm fiber diameter was developed as a prototype support for functional RPE cells grown as a monolayer. The need for laminin coating applied to the membrane following treatment with poly-L-ornithine (PLO), was identified in terms of cell growth and survival. Test membranes were compared in terms of hydrophilicity after laminin coating, mechanical properties of surface roughness and Young's modulus, porosity and ability to promote the attachment and proliferation of hESC-RPE cells in culture for up to 8 weeks. Over this time, RPE cell proliferation, morphology, and marker and gene expression, were monitored. The functional capacity of cell monolayers was identified in terms of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), phagocytosis of cells, as well as expression of the cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). PLLA polymer fibers are naturally hydrophobic, so their hydrophilicity was improved by pretreatment with PLO for subsequent coating with the bioactive protein laminin. They were then assessed for amount of laminin adsorbed, contact angle and uniformity of coating using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pretreatment with 100% PLO gave the best result over 10% PLO treatment or no treatment prior to laminin adsorption with significantly greater surface stiffness and modulus. By 6 weeks after cell plating, the coated membranes could support a mature RPE monolayer showing a dense apical microvillus structure and pigmented 3D polygonal cell morphology. After 8 weeks, PLO (100%)-Lam coated membranes exhibited the highest cell number, cell proliferation, and RPE barrier function measured as TEER. RPE cells showed the higher levels of specific surface marker and gene expression. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression was highly upregulated indicating maturation of cells. Functionality of cells was indicated by expression of VEGF and PEDF genes as well as phagocytic capacity. In conclusion, electrospun PLLA membranes coated with PLO-Lam have the physical and biological properties to support the distribution and migration of hESC-RPE cells throughout the whole structure. They represent a good membrane candidate for preparation of hESC-RPE cells as a monolayer for implantation into the subretinal space of AMD patients.

The interaction of plant flavones with amphotericin B: Consequences for its pore-forming ability

The growth of antibiotic resistance to antifungal drugs contributes to the search for new ways to enhance their effectiveness and reduce toxicity. The undeniable advantage of polyene macrolide antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB) which ensures low pathogen resistance is its mechanism of action related to the formation of transmembrane pores in target lipid membranes. Here, we investigated the effects of plant flavones, chrysin, wogonin, baicalein, apigenin, scutellarein, luteolin, morin and fisetin on the pore-forming activity of AmB in the sterol-enriched membranes by electrophysiological assays. Сhrysin, wogonin, baicalein, apigenin, scutellarein, and luteolin were shown to decrease the AmB pore-forming activity in the bilayers composed of palmitoyloleylphosphocholine independently of their sterol composition. Morin and fisetin led to the increase and decrease in the AmB pore-forming activity in the ergosterol- and cholesterol-containing bilayers respectively. Differential scanning microcalorimetry of the gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition of membrane forming lipids, molecular dynamics simulations, and absorbance spectroscopy revealed the possibility of direct interactions between AmB and some flavones in the water and/or in the lipid bilayer. The influence of these interactions on the antibiotic partitioning between aqueous solution and membrane and/or its transition between different states in the bilayer was discussed.

Integration of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with air gap membrane distillation for sustainable electricity and freshwater cogeneration: Performance, influential mechanism, multi-objective optimization and future perspective

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) converts vast majority of hydrogen energy into waste heat, resulting in energy wasting, membrane drying and even lifetime shortening. Herein, air gap membrane distillation is proposed to immediately remove and harness the waste heat from PEMFC for additional freshwater production. By quantifying the irreversible thermodynamic and electrochemical losses, mathematical formulas for the water production, power generation and overall efficiency are derived to evaluate the system performance. After a rigorous model validation, the performance feature, feasibility and competitiveness of the proposed system are examined. The integration system achieves a peak power density 23.69 % higher than that of a single PEMFC at 353 K, with a corresponding increase in exergy efficiency by 3.61 %. In addition, the influential mechanisms of the PEMFC operating conditions, air gap thickness, coolant temperature, and properties of the proton exchange membrane and hydrophobic porous membrane are investigated to discern potential avenues for further performance improvement. The gradient-based local sensitivity analyses further determine the optimal parameter regulation strategies for different output targets. The economic study indicates that the levelized costs of water and electricity over the total lifecycle are 21.53 $ m−3 and 0.061 $ kWh−1, respectively. The multi-objective optimization, integrating genetic algorithm and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, maximizes the exergy efficiency and output power density while minimizing the initial investment cost per unit area, with values of 42.84 %, 0.975 W cm−2, and 27.33 $ cm−2, respectively.

Starch-mediated colloidal chemistry for highly reversible zinc-based polyiodide redox flow batteries

Aqueous Zn-I flow batteries utilizing low-cost porous membranes are promising candidates for high-power-density large-scale energy storage. However, capacity loss and low Coulombic efficiency resulting from polyiodide cross-over hinder the grid-level battery performance. Here, we develop colloidal chemistry for iodine-starch catholytes, endowing enlarged-sized active materials by strong chemisorption-induced colloidal aggregation. The size-sieving effect effectively suppresses polyiodide cross-over, enabling the utilization of porous membranes with high ionic conductivity. The developed flow battery achieves a high-power density of 42 mW cm−2 at 37.5 mA cm−2 with a Coulombic efficiency of over 98% and prolonged cycling for 200 cycles at 32.4 Ah L−1posolyte (50% state of charge), even at 50 °C. Furthermore, the scaled-up flow battery module integrating with photovoltaic packs demonstrates practical renewable energy storage capabilities. Cost analysis reveals a 14.3 times reduction in the installed cost due to the applicability of cheap porous membranes, indicating its potential competitiveness for grid energy storage.

Membrane role in heat and mass transfer resistance distribution and performance of hollow fiber membrane contactor for SGMD desalination

Hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) is the core device of heat mass exchange between seawater solution and sweeping air in sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) desalination. In order to reveal the distribution of heat and mass transfer resistance on feed solution side, porous membrane side and sweeping air side, a mathematical model considering the simultaneous heat mass transfer and water vapor diffusion mechanism in the membrane pores was established for the cross-flow HFMC. The simulation results of the model were compared with experimental results and literature results. Comparison shows that the deviation of simulation results of the model is less than 13.4 %, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results. Influences of the main structural characteristics of porous membrane on the resistance distribution of heat and mass transfer, efficiency and membrane flux were explored. Air side dominates the heat transfer process, while the membrane side accounts for less than 39 % of the total heat transfer resistance for the main range of membrane microstructure parameters investigated. The mass transfer is controlled by the porous membrane except for thin membrane with a thickness of less than 100 μm. Membranes with porosity above 0.8 and as thin as possible can achieve better mass transfer efficiency and freshwater flux. Increasing mean pore diameter has a strong promotion effect on the increase of membrane flux before it reaches 150 nm, and beyond this critical value, the water vapor diffusion mechanism changes from Knudsen collision to molecular collision. Effects of different operating parameters and membrane microstructure parameters on air temperature distribution and humidity distribution were also analyzed.

Synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric potassium sodium niobates for the preparation of anti-fouling KNN porous membrane

Potassium sodium niobates (KNNs) have garnered significant attention owing to their lead-free nature and potential for use in self-cleaning membranes. This paper presents the synthesis of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 materials for the fabrication of porous membranes, which enable in situ ultrasonic resonance to effectively eliminate contaminants from the membrane surface. KNN powder was synthesized via solid-state reactions, and the membranes were prepared using conventional sintering techniques. The effects of ball-milling time and calcination temperature on the phase structure, pore size, permeance, flexural strength, chemical stability, and piezoelectric properties were comprehensively investigated. The optimal membranes exhibited an average pore size of approximately 300 nm, a porosity of 23 %, and permeance of 220 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 at a sintering temperature of 1050 °C. A polarized electrical field with a strength of 1 kV/mm was applied to the membranes, resulting in an ultrasonic response of 20 mV at an excitation voltage of 20 V with a frequency of 200 kHz. Furthermore, the in situ anti-fouling performance was evaluated by conducting filtration tests on a 500 ppm oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion, demonstrating that the stationary flux increased by 46.7 % when subjected to an excitation voltage of 60 V.

Boosting Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to CO by Regulating the Porous Structure of Carbon Membrane.

Ni single-atom-decorated nitrogen-doped carbon materials (Ni-Nx-C) have demonstrated high efficiency in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to CO. In this study, Ni-Nx-C active sites were embedded within a carbon membrane via an electrospinning and pyrolysis process. The resulting self-supported carbon membrane hosting Ni-Nx-C sites could be directly utilized as an electrode for the CO2RR. To enhance the CO2RR performance of the carbon membrane, the porous structure of the carbon membrane was fine-tuned by incorporating a pore-forming agent. The optimized porous carbon membrane electrode, K0.66-Ni-NC, achieved an impressive CO faradaic efficiency (FECO) of over 90% within a wide potential range from -0.8 to -1.6 V vs RHE for CO2RR. Additionally, it maintained an FECO of above 90% at -0.8 V vs RHE throughout a 30 h durability test in an H-cell. Further analysis has revealed that the porous structure of the carbon membrane not only facilitates the mass transport of CO2 but also increases the level of exposure of active sites during the CO2RR.

Investigating effective strategies for sustainable operation of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) coupled with ceramic ultrafiltration membrane

This study presents a mechanistic approach to explore the key operational parameters governing the flux performance of an SAnMBR system coupled with a ceramic flat-sheet ultrafiltration membrane. Experiments were conducted at mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) concentrations of 12, 18, and 24 g/L using biogas sparging, backwashing, and a combination of both to investigate the most effective fouling mitigation strategy by exploring the fouling mechanism at a critical flux regime. To validate the experimental findings, a mathematical model was used to simulate the time-based variation of membrane effective pore radius (m), decrease in membrane porosity (%), thickness of cake layer (m), and membrane resistance (1/m). The study found that at a low biomass concentration, there was a sharp decline in the membrane pore radius leading to an increase in membrane resistance in the absence of any fouling mitigation strategies. However, by implementing these strategies individually and in combination, they maintained a higher pore radius and controlled the increase in membrane resistance even at high biomass concentrations. It was observed that biogas sparging outperformed the conventional backwashing strategy and the SAnMBR system exhibited superior performance attaining higher flux rates for prolonged duration. The advanced spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of a higher concentration of polysaccharides responsible for cake layer biofouling, and significant pore blocking due to inorganic foulants at high biomass concentrations. This suggests that the SAnMBR system must be operated at optimised biomass levels below the critical flux for sustained operation. Additionally, the key operational parameters identified using the mathematical model provide a precise assessment of SAnMBR performance, to improve its design efficiency for field applications.

Peroxiredoxin II exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress-induced neuronal pyroptosis.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a critical neurological condition with few treatment options, where secondary immune responses and specific cell death forms, like pyroptosis, worsen brain damage. Pyroptosis involves gasdermin-mediated membrane pores, increasing inflammation and neural harm, with the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway being central to this process. Peroxiredoxin II (Prx II), recognized for its mitochondrial protection and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging abilities, appears as a promising neuronal pyroptosis modulator. However, its exact role and action mechanisms need clearer definition. This research aims to explore Prx II impact on neuronal pyroptosis and elucidate its mechanisms, especially regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage modulation. Utilizing MTT assays, Microscopy, Hoechst/PI staining, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence, we found Prx II effectively reduces LPS/ATP-induced pyroptosis and neuroinflammation in HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells. Our results indicate Prx II's neuroprotective actions are mediated through PI3K/AKT activation and ER stress pathway inhibition, diminishing mitochondrial dysfunction and decreasing neuronal pyroptosis through the ROS/MAPK/NF-κB pathway. These findings highlight Prx II potential therapeutic value in improving intracerebral hemorrhage outcomes by lessening secondary brain injury via critical signaling pathway modulation involved in neuronal pyroptosis. Our study not only underlines Prx II importance in neuroprotection but also opens new therapeutic intervention avenues in intracerebral hemorrhage, stressing the complex interplay between redox regulation, ER stress, and mitochondrial dynamics in neuroinflammation and cell death management.