Political Linguistics Research Articles

НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ В БРИТАНСКОМ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ

Цель. Авторы ставят целью выделить и проанализировать свойственные британскому политическому лидеру Терезе Мэй лексические средства реализации национальной идентичности, с помощью которых политиком решаются коммуникативные задачи.Метод и методология исследования. Основными методами исследования данной работы являются сопоставительный, лингвистический и описательный.Результаты. С лингвистической точки зрения британская национальная идентичность выражается скорее через лексику, подчеркивающую политические и этические ценностно-ориентированные качества, которые считаются традиционными для данной страны, чем через характерные национальные признаки.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в области политической лингвистики, культурологи и риторики.

Политика в зеркале языка и культуры: уральская школа политической лингвистики

Политика в зеркале языка и культуры: уральская школа политической лингвистики

Political discourse as object of linguistic analysis

The urgency of the work is due to the fact that at the present stage of development political linguistics is considered one of the most rapidly developing and most promising areas of linguistics. The name of this direction indicates the subject of his research - political linguistics is engaged in the study of “political communication”, that is, speech activity that is oriented to the propagation of certain ideas, emotional impact and motivation of citizens to political actions, to accept and substantiate political and social decisions in the conditions of many points of view in society, for the development of public consent. The goal of political linguistics is to study the various relationships between the political state of society, the subjects of political activity, communication, thinking and language. That is why the main task of political linguistics is to study the relationship between subjects of political activity, communication, thinking, language and the political state of society. In modern linguistics, one of the most developing areas is political linguistics. This position can be defined as evidence of the extensive involvement of the society in political processes and, as a result, the increased interest of science in communication in the political sphere. The following research methods are used in this article: stylistic, syntactic and lexical-semantic analysis of fragments of texts; semiotic analysis; elements of the component analysis of lexical units; elements of content analysis; descriptive method and its main components (observation, interpretation, generalization). Foreign and domestic researchers turned to the study of various aspects of the pre-election discourse. In particular, the studies of Bazylev VN, Bokmelder DA, Budaeva EV, Vodak R., Repina EA, Chudinova AP are devoted to the political discourse. Bakumova EV, Baranova AN, Sineoki NA, Sheigala EI and other scientists. The work of such scientists as Borbotko VG, Karasik VI, Makarov ML, Cherniavskaya VE devoted to the study of cognitive linguistics, theory and history of discourse development in science. and others.

ОЦІННІСТЬ ЯК КАТЕГОРІЯ СУЧАСНОЇ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЇ

The article analyzes the category of evaluation as dominant characteristics of modern phraseology. A wide range of scientific views on evaluation within the framework of new linguistic directions (media linguistics, legal linguistics, suggestive linguistics, political linguistics, psycholinguistics etc.) is considered. The immanence of evaluation in modern linguistics has become particularly relevant in the theory of functionalism, where the evaluation of a phraseologism is judged as not an optional feature, but one which underlies its semantics. The evaluation, accordingly, is considered with respect to the initial emotional-expressive connotation of a phraseologism. It is proved that value parameters of phraseology are laid down in its communicative essence, as any phraseologism a priori carries some sort of evaluation. If we regard evaluation as an oppositional set of value orientations (good/evil, beautiful/ugly, interesting/uninteresting, many/few, etc.), we can define a phraseologism as a verbalized form of such oppositions in the communication process. Logically, when creating new phraseologisms (e.g. in mass communication) it is the category of evaluation that determines the vector of functioning of phraseology. Hence, media phraseology is a mirror image of sentiments and value beliefs of a certain society and is relevant in the time frame (which is an extralinguistic characteristics of a media phraseologism and a basis for its further functioning and mass reproduction). We have proven that phraseological evaluation is influenced by extralinguistic factors such as politics, culture, information technologies, etc. The emergence of a new phraseology is the result of evaluative reconsideration of traditional linguistic forms of certain industries – sports, arts, medicine, education, etc. Consequently, evaluation is a universal category of a phraseologism, considering the fact of formation of society’s values through language phenomena. The axiology of each phraseologism is determined in social parameters, where media remains the main tool for the retransmission of society’s value orientations through the means of language, the main of which are phraseologisms.

“Wir Schaffen Das!” (Angela Merkel as a Linguistic Persona)

The problem posed by the authors of this paper is to reveal peculiarities of linguistic persona of one of the most authoritative state and political actors of our time: Angela Merkel, the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany. Material for the research comes from various election debates, speeches at international forums and in Bundestag, addresses to voters, interviews of “the engine of the EU” with journalists of various media outlets. An anthropocentric approach that has become the main principle of modern linguistics, enriched with procedures having being developed within cultural, political and social linguistics, application of methods used in study of linguistic persona in the context of gender and values presented in the media and political discourse, allowed to attain certain results. Lexical and idiomatic markers in Angela Merkel’s speeches, her formulation of basic principles of domestic and foreign policy, linguistic response to crisis events and provocative questions give a possibility to model the main parameters of her linguistic persona. She is a strong leader with muffled gender attributes, which usually appear in selection of linguistic means that always conform to the literary language. Physical chemist by education, Merkel speaks logically and strictly to the point in the media and political discourse as well. Having being ushered into the elite of male rulers, A. Merkel realizes male rigidity when formulating her opinion. As a leader of nation, she presents herself as a representative of the whole German society, a society allotted with a high mission to guard common European values. The main concepts, verbalized in her speeches and utterances are We (, the people of Germany), Peace, Freedom, Democracy, Tolerance.

Ideologeme the “Slavic community” in the modern political discourse

The article is devoted to the research of ideological concept the slavic community in the modern political discourse. The main approaches in interpretation of the slavic community were considered and analyzed here, as well as the invariants of the ideologeme and constituents of its semantic field by means of the method of the frame knowledge representation with the explication of the semantic field constituents. The subject of the research is the ideological concept of the slavic community . The object is the ideological usage of the concept the slavic community in the modern political discourse. The content of the political character with a keyword the slavic community was selected in the system of the “Russian National Corpus”. The theoretical grounds are based on the conception of the slavic community created by the ideologists S. Gradirovsky, E. Ostrovsky, P. Shedrovitsky. The main methods used in the research were: the method of semantic analysis with a cognitive-semantic description of the word semantics, summary and grouping of statistical observation materials. Such type researches are valuable for the political linguistics. As a result the usage frequency statistics in political discourse of variants of the ideologeme the slavic community was compiled, as well as regularities in usage each of its variants were revealed, and the research results were explained.

Contemporary research in the field of political linguistics in Slovakia

Contemporary research in the field of political linguistics in Slovakia

Russian linguopolitical personology: political leaders’ discourse

The paper presents an analytical review of publications devoted to the study of political leaders’ verbal image. The research of politicians’ individual discourses belongs to the sphere of linguopolitical personology, which is a relatively new field of Russian linguistics that focuses on the phenomenon of professional linguistic personality in the sphere of politics. The objectives of the review are to specify basic terminology, which is in use, to determine the most popular methods of analysis and research tasks, and to define the boundaries of the considered research area in the context of modern Humanities. The analysis highlighted two main subject areas of linguopolitical personology: presidential discourse study and historical personalities study. The research of political leaders’ proper names in terms of precedent phenomena is also considered to be a peripheral subject area. Each of the identified research spheres is characterized from the perspective of the goal, methods of analysis to be applied and principles of language material selection. We have grounds to believe that the use of a broad approach in defining research boundaries of linguopolitical personology enables to study a vast language material base and to use various methods of study, which in its turn results in increasing interdisciplinary connections of linguopolitical personology and even broader, of political linguistics, with other fields of modern Humanities. Thus, the identified research areas reflect the perspectives of the modern science and therefore, are to provide a multidimensional, comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of professional linguistic personality in the field of political communication.

Features of Creating the Verbal Image of Belarusian Politician (on the Example of Candidates’ to Parliament Speeches)

In the modern political system of Belarus the debates genre has appeared in public life of the country quite recently. The analysis of views, attitudes and beliefs of politicians is not only the special interest of political science but also of speech practice which gives a complex data to identify the image formation features of a politician’s speech. The article presents interdisciplinary approach to the verbal image phenomenon, including political linguistics, linguistics of conflicts, linguistic identity as the methodological basis. The analysis of political concepts, myths, frames of ordinary consciousness that form implicite basis of image-texts helps us to describe tactics and strategies, using by Speaker for impressinf His/Her Audience. The examples of TV debates, candidates’ speeches in other media have been taken from the latest election campaign in Belarus.

PARTICULARITY OF POLITYCAL LANGUAGE IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

The article considers the concepts as “metaphor”, “political linguistics”, “a political discourse”, “Confucianism”. The issue of the use of a metaphor in the speech of political figures and what role it plays in political life of the country is touched. The article has examples what turns of speech are used in the speech by political leaders are given favorably to influence and influence public. Influence of Confucianism on consciousness of people and on political life of the country is considered. The relevance of this work lies in fact that use of a metaphor in political language is the direct tool of impact on consciousness of the people and also in how cultural, traditional values of China influence outlook of the person. The aim of this work is to reveal the main postulates of Confucianism and their influence on political consciousness of people. The objective of this article: to give definition of a metaphor; to reveal her main functions in a political discourse; to learn how traditional cultural values influence change of people’s consciousness according to example of Confucian philosophy; what role in domestic and foreign policy is played by the concepts connected with centuries-old history and the culture of China.

Frames and concepts in the philosophy of science

In the philosophy of science, the frame model is used in order to represent and analyze scientific concepts and conceptual change. However, the potential of the frame model is far from being fully exploited: Up to now, the frame model is only applied to a rather small set of different kinds of concepts and important advantages of the frame model for reconstructing and analyzing concepts have been neglected. In this article, we will essentially extend the frame model in the following way: We will develop a frame-based approach for representing a comprehensive class of different kinds of concepts including conjunctively and disjunctively defined concepts, family resemblance concepts, prototype concepts, operationalized concepts, dual concepts integrating two different ways of concept determination, and theoretical concepts. In order to do so, we will define different kinds of frames with respect to the logical structure of the kind of concept that is represented by a particular frame. We will exemplify our approach by means of ten frames applied to standard cases of conceptual analyses in philosophy and cognitive science as well as to scientific concepts of political science, psychology, linguistics and physics.

Teória sekuritizácie kodanskej školy z pohľadu diskurznej analýzy a politickej lingvistiky

Teória sekuritizácie kodanskej školy z pohľadu diskurznej analýzy a politickej lingvistiky

PARTICULARITY OF POLITYCAL LANGUAGE IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

In article such concepts as “political language”, “political linguistics” and “a political discourse” are considered. The issue of perception of the Chinese political text or statement both is touched by Chinese, and representatives of other nations. Examples what turns of speech are given politicians use in the speech favorably to influence and influence public. In case of information transfer traditions of the country and its cultural heritage shall be considered. Relevance of this woгН is that the policy is an integral part of life of mankind and at the moment language of policy isn’t up to the end learned and requires a careful research. Especially it concerns political language of China. The purpose of this work - to reveal features of the Chinese political language, by means of critical a discourse analysis of political texts. Tasks of this article following: to open a concept of political language; to reveal a traditional Chinese discourse in a modern political discourse of the People’s Republic of China; to learn as social changes in society can influence updating of political lexicon; to designate the main lexical and semantic distinctions in the original text for native speakers and in the target text, intended for external users.

ON THE COMICAL AND POLITICAL: FAMILY POLITICAL SUCCESSION IN A MOSAIC OF NATIONAL HUMOR

В статье с помощью индуктивного метода исследования на материале современных шуток и анекдотов о политических семьях и династиях рассматриваются вопросы общего междисциплинарного характера: политическая лингвистика, теория номинации, стереотипизация языкового сознания, лексико-стилистические и синтаксические средства создания механизма юмора и актуализации иронической модальности. Нарушение закрепленного в сознании стереотипа или попытка его переформатирования влечет за собой комический эффект и ироническую модальность. Политические стереотипы являются наиболее устойчивыми, поскольку агрессивно формируются СМИ и не основываются на личном опыте.

Speech Image in the System of Social Relations: About Certain Stages of Linguistic Image-making (as exemplified by Margaret Thatcher’s Oral Activity)

Objectives: Our task is to describe speech component of image structure on example of an established, conceptually concise image (Margaret Thatcher). Methods: Systematization and theoretical understanding of material. A descriptive method for creating biographical context of understanding Margaret Thatcher's career. Method of diagnostic context, denotative, emotive and structural analysis, semantic differential. Corpus-based and cross-lingual methods. Findings: The research of corpus of Margaret Thatcher's texts suggests that Thatcher's speech image is a combinatorial formation based both on process of personal potential exteriorization (the image of the Iron Lady), and verbal behavior program setup implementing communicative ideal of a mother. Applications/Improvements: Application of results includes linguo-pragmatics, political linguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse theory and practice.

Юбилейная Х международная научная конференция «Политическая лингвистика: проблемы, методология, аспекты исследования и перспективы развития научного направления». Екатеринбург, 26-29 сентября 2016 г

Юбилейная Х международная научная конференция «Политическая лингвистика: проблемы, методология, аспекты исследования и перспективы развития научного направления». Екатеринбург, 26-29 сентября 2016 г

Discourse as the Form of Political Sciences (On the Example of the Republic of Kazakhstan)

To research political discourse is the main problem of political science, including political linguistics. This concept is characterized between subjects, also specialists, who are engaged in the theory of sociology, social psychology; culture studies and mass communication are interested in it. So, we can research the political texts by the means of the present-day form of research, and thoroughly figure out public consciousness and socio-political questions. Discourse is considered as the form of political sciences in this article in the example of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s1p399

IMAGE OF THE WORLD AS AN EVALUATION TOOL OF A POLITICIAN`S REAL AND PRETENDED LANGUAGE PERSONALITY (according to the frequency analysis of V. Zhirinovsky`s interview)

Purpose: Reconstruction of the axiological orientations hierarchy relevant to a politician`s linguistic personality. Methodology: A quantitative content analysis in Data system Semograph of radio interviews texts corpus by the famous Russian politician Vladimir Zhirinovsky. Results: Detection of Zhirinovsky`s image of the world leading organizing principle reflecting his real political position in 2010-2012: conformity with the ruling political force prevails his pretended cardinal opposition. Practical implications: language personality description; political linguistics

Political Linguistics as a Constituent Part of Modern Political Theory

This article deals with the problem of new understanding of traditional political theory. The contemporary structure of this theory includes the questions concerning the subject of power used as the subject of speech. Now political linguistics can be considered as the part of modern politics. The main principles of methodology in this research are connected with the key ideas of structuralism and poststructuralism in the sphere of language. The interest in political linguistics opens the field of political communication for contemporary investigations.

Theoretical and critical analysis of the relationship between language, discourse, literature and politics in political linguistics

The article provides a theoretical and critical analysis of the relationship between language, discourse, literature and politics in political linguistics. This relationship was studied in view of the fact that politics and real political process are not only institutionally conditioned spheres of life, but also potentially the entire social space of human life, even if it is not politically meaningful. In this context, the topic of not only language and politics, language in politics and politics in language, but also in general and much more broadly – the topic of theoretical and critical relationship of language, discourse, literature and politics – acquires special scientific interest in political linguistics. That is why the idea of studying language, discourse and literature appears not only as an object of political science, but also as an object of political linguistics and literary studies. The examination of the relationship between these categories and phenomena allowed us to state that: linguistic and literary interpretations are political ones insofar as they are a reconfiguration of the appearance of a common world; political discourse that opposes interpretive and real change is itself the part of the same hermeneutic design as the interpretation it challenges, and therefore it can certainly be political. In general, the article argues that the relationship between language, discourse, literature and politics is not traditionally institutionalized and institutional one (but it may be), but rather non-institutional one, although it may relate to the institutional dimension of politics and political process.