Political Strategies Research Articles

Back from the dead: the ecology of IR

Rather than dealing in death, if IR is to retain relevance among the social sciences in seeking to both account for and change a world in the midst of a deepening ‘polycrisis’, it needs to recognise and take its place in the web of life. In this article, I firstly argue for the need to ‘choose life’ by de-centring three key (interrelated) pillars of the discipline: the normalisation of militarism as a means and end of foreign policy; economic growth as the means and end of industrial economies and anthropocentrism and its unstated ideology of human supremacy in world affairs. Secondly, I propose a series of conceptual and methodological innovations by which a more ecological view of IR might take hold in the discipline, as well as concrete political strategies for embedding it in the conduct of IR. I suggest that these moves form the basis of both an improved account of the underlying sources of key threats in world politics such as war, poverty and ecological crises and an alternative source of solutions focussed on transcending dominant features of the discipline through a more than human account of IR and a more global and pluriversal account of world politics and the relations which matter most within it.

Categorizing and Quantifying Doctors’ Extended Answers and their Strategies in Teleconsultations: A Corpus-based Study

Abstract This study examined 210 teleconsultations to analyze doctors’ extended answers and communication strategies using corpus software. The results revealed seven categories of extended answers, with explanations for diseases and treatments being the most frequent at 39 %. Proposals for medical treatment had a proportion at 29 %. The remaining categories had lower rates ranging from 3 % to 9 %. The corpus derived four types of communication strategies: baldly on-record strategies (BORSs), positive politeness strategies (PPSs), negative politeness strategies (NPSs), and off-record strategies (ORSs), with NPSs being the most commonly used at 84 %. Except ORSs, these strategies encompassed multiple classes, with NPSs having as much as seven categories, in which offering justifications for definitive minimal responses was the most prevalent at 33 %. Making fuzzy proposals had a share of 32 %. Each of the remaining categories made up a far low rate. But when it comes to the specific category of extended answers, the most commonly used strategy in it is not always the one from NPSs. The study underscores the significance of clear explanations and justifications in teleconsultations. Implications for training programs in teleconsultation settings are discussed, with potential areas for further research suggested to enhance teleconsultation practices.

Saying “thanks” and “sorry” in a Japanese workplace: expressing gratitude and apologies functions as an effective politeness strategy

ABSTRACT This study examined how expressed gratitude and apologies functioned as politeness strategies among 499 Japanese workers. In this online experimental research with 4 message conditions (control, gratitude, apologies, both) and 2 status conditions (lower/same), participants read a message from a hypothetical coworker and reported perceptions of face threats in the message, the coworker’s warmth, and their willingness to engage in prosocial behavior. Results indicated that expressed gratitude and apologies reduced face threats compared to no expressions. Further, path analysis showed that expressed gratitude indirectly affected perceptions of warmth through reduced face threats. Additionally, status differences influenced participants’ prosocial behavior.

Political Influencers in Online Political Participation: Strategies and Challenges on Social Media Platforms

This research explores the role of political influencers in online political participation in the digital era, with a focus on the strategies used and the challenges faced. Political influencers have become important actors in moving public opinion and mobilizing political support through social media platforms. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive methods. The results of this research show that the political influencer strategy in increasing online political participation in the digital era through the social media platform other influencers, use of various social media platforms, raising support and online petitions, as well as holding discussions and webinars. However, they are also faced with challenges such as polarization of opinion, the spread of disinformation and hoaxes, the impact of platform algorithm changes, limited time and resources, and online intimidation and attacks. To overcome this challenge, political influencers need to raise awareness of the importance of constructive dialogue, maintain integrity in conveying political messages, and collaborate with followers to combat disinformation.

Social media politics: Analysis of political elite image construction in multiple country elections

This article examines how political leaders use social media to shape their image during elections. Social media and digital platforms have changed political communication, allowing politicians to craft their image carefully. Social media has changed politics, yet misinformation and public opinion manipulation are concerns. Politicians' online avatars may misrepresent their goals and policies, overshadowing public policy discussions. This study uses a comprehensive analysis of the literature from the Scopus database to analyze how political elites shape their social media image during elections in different nations. This research examines how political leaders use social media to shape their public persona during election campaigns in several countries. The results will reveal political elites' social media image-building strategies during elections, including personalized methods, visual cues' impact on engagement, and preferred platforms for visual communication. This extensive study of the long-term consequences of visual communication tactics shows that politicians’ use of social media to convey stories has a lasting impact on public perception and engagement in politics.

Politics and Politiking Registers in Nigerian Campaigns

This paper examines the register used in politics to achieve persuasion. Politics is a psychological warfare for winning peoples’ heart to do the biddings of politicians. Propaganda is a major tool politicians deploy to fight political opponents. It is a smart way of telling people black is white and make them believe it, Propaganda itself is not possible without language (literal or figurative). Language is central to communication. In Nigeria, effective use of language is an assurance for political success. Political register helps us understand how language is used by those who wish to gain power, exercise power, and keep power. The speeches of these politicians are replete with unachievable objectives enshrined in propaganda meant for some gullible electorates. Their diction changes from that of persuasion, emotion, pity, among others to one of violence when it suits them. Politicians employ different political strategies with the aid of language to rightly convince, confuse and elicit necessary information and subsequently votes from the electorates. The theory used for this study is the Speech Act Theory. The methodology is qualitative and quantitative. A survey design is used. This study evinces that political register makes use of linguistic devices, re-branding, marketing of candidates’ and pushing the narratives to political parties to help them be on top of the game. The speeches selected are of very high quality and the messages are very successfully communicated. We propose that when a politician delivers these sorts of speeches the goal is to draw the audience to himself and convince the electorate of why they are the better candidates for the election. To achieve this, politicians use their words in subtle and careful ways that capture the attention, interest, and admiration of the listeners. These speeches employ words and varying sentence structures. The sentences employ the pronoun system to deliberately make the audience believe the speech is about them – their ideas, opinions, desires, and comradeship.

Politik Pencitraan Partai PDIP Jawa Barat terhadap Ganjar Pranowo dalam Menghadapi Pilpres 2024

This research investigates the political image strategy adopted by the West Java Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP) towards a potential figure, Ganjar Pranowo, in facing the 2024 Presidential Election. Based on a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative approach, this research uses a case study method with a focus on data triangulation. Involving in-depth interviews, content analysis and participant observation, the research aims to explore the political dynamics of imagery and its impact on public perception. The results of content analysis highlight political communication strategies, development of popular economic discourse, use of social media, and image construction through political advertising. The findings show the need to increase strategic integration with local values, the effectiveness of social media, and the concretization of community economic programs. While providing an in-depth look at the political image of the West Java PDIP, this research also presents insights that can contribute to the understanding of political strategy at the local and national level.

Politeness strategies used in “Taylor Swift's songwriting process on Evermore" interview

Politeness strategies used in “Taylor Swift's songwriting process on Evermore" interview

Translating resilience research to political practice – The case of the German Resilience Strategy

There is a gap between research in disaster resilience and the implementation of resilience via political strategies. This paper uses three frameworks from resilience research to analyse the 2022 German Resilience Strategy as a case study. It answers two questions: Does the German Resilience Strategy reflect resilience understandings from research and what are its strengths and shortcomings? Are such resilience frameworks useful for analysing political documents and what are their strengths and shortcomings? The resilience frameworks are Bruneau et al.’s 4Rs of resilience, Hollnagel's four cornerstones of resilience, and Thoma et al.’s resilience cycle. The paper uses qualitative content analysis to interpret the 345 recommendations for measures of the Strategy. The results show that the Strategy lives up to a holistic definition of resilience. It implicitly also embraces a complexity-informed understanding of resilience, but risks losing sight on adaptive capacity due to its broadness. The Strategy focuses on natural hazards, although it officially follows the all-hazard approach. There is a lack of recommendations on individual and societal disaster recovery. The three resilience frameworks are applicable for analysing political strategies. The 4Rs of resilience framework has a blind spot with respect to unknown disruptions. The four cornerstones of resilience framework bases on an innovative resilience conception and could be useful for disaster studies if it was more thoroughly translated to the latter's specifics. The resilience cycle framework is limited due to its cyclical approach, and it entails prevention, which is not part of resilience.

Between Political Strife and National Science: COVID-19 Vaccines on the Main Brazilian TV newscast

ABSTRACT Brazil ranks second worldwide in COVID-19 deaths. In this country, television is the most popular means of mass communication, and 95.5% of Brazilian homes have a TV set. During the coronavirus pandemic, Brazilians considered TV news the most reliable source of information about COVID-19. In this context, we examined the coverage of vaccines, between 2020 and 2021, on the main Brazilian TV newscast – Jornal Nacional. We identified 1,173 reports on vaccination in the digital collection of this news show, which we analyzed based on six dimensions that systematize the following: general characteristics of the news, approach to vaccination, framing the news, general handling of the topic, actors and geographic location of the study and/or the immunization campaign on the agenda. The reports evinced a mostly positive attitude towards vaccines, emphasizing the political strategies and public policies adopted in COVID-19 vaccine development. National science gained prominence in the coverage. The most common news sources were institutions and/or representatives of the executive branch, and scientists were the voices most present in the reports. Just over half of the reports discussed the topic using visual aids, but only a few explained scientific concepts pertaining to the vaccine.

Site Selection and Relocation of Ancient Cities from the Perspective of Regional Military and Political Strategies——A Case Study of Ganzhou

Ganzhou wasn’t setup on the contemporary site that seems to be “right” at Xihan Dynasty. It was relocated for four times, skimming over the “right site”. The thesis analyzes the relocations from the perspective of national relationship and political & military structure of the region, revealing the logic of the frequent relocations – complicated political & military situation. It still elucidates the military & political function and instrumentality of the early cities.

The quantification of diversity: Netflix, visibility politics and the grammar of transnationalism

This article argues for Netflix’ efforts to create a transnational middlebrow, highlighting especially the strategy of visibility politics as a measure to create a metrics for ‘diversity and inclusion’ in a process I call the quantification of diversity. Hence, the article seeks to draw together themes of Netflix’ efforts in transnationalism, the platform’s efforts in diversity and inclusion and the strategy of visibility politics, common to middlebrow television as visual signifier of marginalisation, rather than narrativisation. This process becomes part of a larger grammar of transnationalism to formulate a kind of transnational text specific to Netflix. Visibility politics seeks to quantify visibly marginalised bodies on screen as a measure of ‘progress’ and is, thus, particularly relevant for a Silicon Valley company that seeks remedy social problems via mathematical solutions. This leads to a politics that produces highly visual measures of social progress, but does not offer narratives to communicate barriers to full participation. The metrics for ‘otherness’ are hardly universal, though and Netflix cannot provide such a metrics for its transnational productions. Instead, it seeks to combat ‘universal’ issues of discrimination by means of visibility politics. The platforms’ earlier American texts tried to remedy issues of marginalisation via the narrativisation of barriers. To document this change, the article analyses the Netflix series One Day At A Time with the popular 2023 series Wednesday.

Политическая этика Си Цзиньпина — наследование и развитие идей «Управления страной добротой» конфуцианства и марксистской этики

Modern China is an industrialized, high-tech state. But even at the beginning of the last century it was a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The Chinese people made a number of attempts to save the country and revive it, and finally found the path that suited them — the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The guiding ideology of socialism is Marxism, and the Chinese specificity is the traditional thoughts and culture ingrained in the mentality of the nation. The characteristic of the Chinese way is the perfect combination of these two philosophical thoughts. So how do you combine this? This article uses the example of Xi Jinping’s political ethics to analyze its guiding ideology — Confucius’s concept of governing the country with kindness and Marxist ethics. The authors first analyze the specific meaning of Xi Jinping’s political ethics, and then analyze the basis of the philosophical thought of his ethics: The set of political strategies included in the Confucian idea of virtue-based government: political strategies, talent strategies, economic strategies and management strategies; as well as the main characteristics of Marx’s ethics. This proves that building socialism with Chinese characteristics benefits from the high degree of compatibility between Marxism and traditional Chinese philosophical thought. The novelty of this article also lies in the fact that it talks about traditional Chinese Confucianism and Marxist philosophy in one dimension.

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication of Presidential and Vice-Presidential Candidates During the Third and Fourth Debates of the 2024 Election: A Semiotic Analysis by Charles Sanders Peirce

As presidential and vice-presidential candidates seek to capture public attention and understanding, they often employ innovative and creative methods. Both verbal and nonverbal messaging play a crucial role in this process. Therefore, understanding the verbal and nonverbal communication of a potential national leader is essential to prevent future misunderstandings. This study aims to analyze the political verbal and nonverbal communication of presidential (capres) and vice-presidential (cawapres) candidates during the third and fourth debates of the 2024 election using Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic analysis. The primary focus of this research is to understand how the concepts of Sign, Object, and Interpretant are used by the candidates to convey their political messages during the debates. The methodology employed is qualitative, utilizing a semiotic analysis approach, which allows the researcher to elucidate the meanings behind the signs and symbols used in political communication. The study finds that the use of certain symbols significantly influences voter perceptions of the candidates. Additionally, the research highlights that signs play a critical role in the effectiveness of political communication, where gestures, facial expressions, and body language enhance the candidates' appeal and credibility in the eyes of the voters. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of more effective political communication strategies in future election campaigns.

Political Promotion Over Social Media and Voters' Voting Intention With Trust as a Moderator

ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between voters' attitudes towards social media promotion and their voting behaviour, along with the moderating effect of trust on this relationship. For this study, primary data was acquired from a sample of 441 respondents across Karnataka in India using a predesigned questionnaire. Convenience sampling was utilised to ensure that only interested and motivated respondents participated in the study and that the sample was representative of the target population. Significant findings of this study implied that political parties that aim to embrace social media advertising must inculcate trust among their target audience. Again, political parties that plan to use social media advertising must build a memorable and lasting impression on the minds of their target audience in every interaction by developing a reliable and authentic discourse. This study adds to the understanding of the moderating role of trust in voters' attitudes towards social media advertising and can be used to formulate an appropriate political promotion strategy.

Strategic Argumentation for Corporate Political Strategy Success in the De-Globalization Era

Strategic Argumentation for Corporate Political Strategy Success in the De-Globalization Era

Language Politeness of Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates 2024-2029 Period in Campaign Impressions on TikTok Social Media

To attract public attention, presidential and vice-presidential candidates conduct campaign activities as a form of introduction and delivery of their work programs through 'sweet message and promise'. In delivering these messages, intentionally or unintentionally, sometimes the candidates use language that is less polite. This is interesting to study from the aspect of politeness. Therefore, the researchers were interested in examining the language politeness This research was conducted using descriptive research approach. The theory used was Leech's politeness principle. The research data were in the form of expressions containing the maxims of politeness sourced from TikTok social media campaign showed and obtained using documentation techniques with the instrument of documentation study guidelines. Then, the data were processed using the extra lingual pairing method. From the results of the study, it is concluded that the maxim of generosity is the most widely used maxim in the campaign for the election of the president and vice president of Indonesia for the 2024 elections. Through the use of this maxim, candidates try to humble themselves in the hope of gaining public sympathy so as to get a lot of votes and win the contestation. The contemporary context, the specific application of politeness theory to political campaigns on a modern social media platform became the novelty of this study. By pursuing these avenues, future researchers can deepen the understanding of political communication strategies and their effects on the electorate.

“Call Me Judy”: Cross-Cultural Interaction in Asian-American Environment

This study scrutinizes the cross-cultural interactions in the 2019 Asian-American movie Always Be My Maybe. A notable linguistic feature that diverges across cultures is the honorific system, which varies significantly between Asian and Western contexts. This research analyzes the honorifics employed in the movie using a qualitative approach, grounded in Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory. The findings reveal that, despite the Asian-American setting, the Korean main characters often use the Korean honorific system to address elders, highlighting cultural retention. Additionally, the study underscores that acculturation occurs naturally for individuals living in different cultural environments over time. However, it emphasizes that individuals do not entirely abandon their original culture nor fully adopt the new one. This dynamic is illustrated through the characters’ interactions, where they navigate between Korean and Western addressing systems based on context and relationships. The use of honorifics and politeness strategies plays a crucial role in avoiding misunderstandings and maintaining harmony. Another finding from this study, which is related to the first, shows that acculturation is inevitably encountered by someone who has been living in a different culture for a period of time. This study serves as a case analysis representing the interplay of honorific systems from two cultures, providing insights into sociopragmatic behaviors in cross-cultural settings.

Critical Discourse Analysis of Television News Coverage on the Relocation of Indonesia’s Capital City

The new phase of the State Capital Relocation (IKN) began in 2019, after President Joko Widodo inaugurated that Indonesia's capital would move to East Kalimantan. The relocation has been ongoing since then and has entered the infrastructure development stage. However, beyond the grandeur of the IKN construction, many aspects have been affected. This research aims to understand how the examined media construct discourse on capital relocation. This research employs a qualitative method, utilizing Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis model. Discourse analysis is conducted through three stages: text analysis, discourse practice analysis, and sociocultural analysis. Data collection methods were carried out using observation techniques, documentation studies through television media reporting, and in-depth interviews with informants representing Trans TV, Kompas TV, SCTV and NET. The research results in the text dimension indicate that the majority of the reporting is not in favour of the government's decision to relocate the capital because it is considered rushed in planning and has various negative impacts. In the discourse practice dimension, the reporting is heavily influenced by the media's socio-economic status (SES) in shaping the discourse. In the sociocultural dimension, it is shown that the capital relocation is one of the political strategies, and there is disagreement among various parties regarding the relocation. Therefore, the researcher suggests that the examined media should present balanced reporting and provide a balanced perspective in their coverage. Furthermore, caution is needed from the media to avoid being influenced by external media domination, ensuring that the information reported is accountable and prioritizes the public interest.

Political Communication Strategy in Building Party Image Ahead of the 2024 Legislative Election (Case study of DPD Golkar Party DKI Jakarta)

This research aims to analyze the political communication strategy of the DKI Jakarta Golkar DPD in rebuilding the party's positive image ahead of the 2024 legislative elections. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Secretary of the DKI Jakarta Golkar DPD, Chair of the DKI Jakarta DPRD, Golkar Faction, Deputy Chair for Organizational Affairs and Membership of DPD Golkar, Academics and Community Figures. The data collection techniques used in this research come from primary and secondary data using observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation, and the withdrawal of political communication strategies using a political marketing approach carried out by DPD Golkar DKI Jakarta, which was successful in rebuilding the political image that had fallen since the corruption case involving the chairman of the DPD. The implication of the success of this political image is an increase in votes and seats in the results of the 2024 Legislative Election.