Plasma Lipid Profile In Patients Research Articles

Associations of preoperative serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with the prognosis of ovarian cancer.

The effect of serum lipids on ovarian cancer is controversial. We conducted this study to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative plasma lipid profile in patients with ovarian cancer. The medical records of 156 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent surgical resection in our department were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Serum lipids profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and clinicopathologic data, were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier method were performed to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Multivariable Cox regression analysis found that preoperative higher LDL-C level was significantly associated with worse OS (HR 2.088, 95% CI 1.052-4.147, p = 0.035), whereas higher HDL-C level showed significant association with better PFS (HR 0.491, 95% CI 0.247-0.975, p = 0.042). Further Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that OS was longer for patients with low levels of LDL-C (< 2.76mmol/L) compared to those with high levels of LDL-C (≥ 2.76mmol/L) (P = 0.028), and PFS was better for patients with high levels of HDL-C (≥ 1.19mmol/L) compared to those with low levels of HDL-C (< 1.19mmol/L) (P = 0.001). Preoperative HDL-C and LDL-C levels are significant predictors of clinical outcome in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Effect of resveratrol on behavioral, biochemical, and immunological parameters of DBA/2J and tetrahybrid DBCB mice receiving diet with excess fat and fructose

Polyphenolic biologically active substances (BAS) including resveratrol (R) can exert beneficial effects on fat accumulation, blood pressure, glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and plasma lipid profile in patients with obesity, and associated diseases. The study aimed to determine the effect of R at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight on the DBA/2J and DBCB mice with diet-induced obesity followed by the consumption high-fat high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD). Behavioral reactions (elevated plus maze [EPM]) and muscle tone (the strength of the forepaw grip) were tested, and plasma biochemical and immunological parameters were assessed. In the repeated EPM test, anxiety increased only in DBCB mice during the second trial. In DBCB mice treated with HFCD, the muscle tone decreased with the second trial; however, this effect was not observed in the background of R consumption. R decreased the level of triglycerides, diminished the activities of alanine and asparagine aminotransferases, which were elevated upon HFCD consumption. Ghrelin level increased after R consumption in mice of both genotypes. The leptin to ghrelin ratio was reduced in DBCB mice receiving R. Consumption of R increased IL-3 and IL-10 levels in both DBA/2J and DBCB mice. IL-12p70 level increased in DBCB mice in response to R. R addition to HFCD reduced several symptoms of dyslipidemia in highly sensitive tetrahybrid mice. The results obtained indicate the importance of a personalized (depending on the genotype) approach when any R prescription, among other BAS and dietary factors, are used in diet therapy for patients with low, moderate and high-risk obesity.

The Effectiveness of New Adiposity Indices on Plasma Lipid Profile in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study with A Body Shape Index, Body Roundness Index, and Visceral Adiposity Index

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effectiveness of three different indices used to identify the effect of visceral adiposity on lipid profile markers in patients with multiple sclerosis. MethodsThe study consisted of a total of 152 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who were aged 18 years and older. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were accessed from the patient system. Patients’ height, body weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference measurements were also obtained. The effects of three different adiposity indices, including A Body Shape Index (ABSI), the Body Roundness Index (BRI), and the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), on plasma lipid profile in multiple sclerosis patients were evaluated. The data were analyzed using the R software and SPSS 21 statistical software package. ResultsHDL-c was impacted by ABSI and VAI in males and only VAI in females (p < 0.05). An increase of 0.01 units of ABSI in males led to an increase of 5.88 mg/dL in plasma HDL-c level. In male patients with multiple sclerosis, LDL-c was positively affected by BRI and VAI changes (p < 0.05). One unit increase in BRI in males increased LDL-c level by 5.56 mg/dL, whereas 1 unit increase in VAI increased LDL-c level by 3.52 mg/dL (p < 0.05). ConclusionThis study indicated that these three different indices employed to evaluate adiposity were associated with plasma lipid profile. The effect of VAI on plasma lipids is higher than that of the other indices. In patients with multiple sclerosis, the use of these practical and non-invasive indices will be useful in assessing plasma lipid profile.

Novel mass spectrometry‐based comprehensive lipidomic analysis of plasma from patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Lipids play important roles in inflammation and may be involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we evaluated the characteristics of the plasma lipid profile in patients with IBD. Plasma samples were collected from 20 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 20 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 10 healthy volunteers (HVs) after overnight fasting. The subjects were men between 20 and 49years of age with no history of hyperlipidemia. A total of 698 molecular species in 22 lipid classes were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Lipid classes of lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), phosphatidylserine (PS), and shingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) were significantly increased in UC patients compared with the HV. The LPS, PS, and S1P levels were significantly increased, while those of lysophosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine were significantly decreased in CD patients compared with HV. Among PS species, the levels of PSacyl (PSa) 40:3, PSa 38:3, and PSa 42:4 were significantly higher in CD patients, both active and remissive stage, than in HV. The LPS 18:0 level was significantly higher in CD and UC patients compared with HV. PSa 40:3 and PSa 38:3 levels positively correlated with the Crohn's Disease Activity Index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and platelet count and negatively correlated with hemoglobin, hematocrit, and albumin levels in CD patients. The lipid profile in IBD patients exhibits significant alterations, and PS levels are associated with clinical disease activity in CD patients.

Metformin induces lipid changes on sphingolipid species and oxidized lipids in polycystic ovary syndrome women

Metformin is one of the treatments used for PCOS pathology decreasing body weight, plasma androgen, FSH and glucose levels. Unfortunately, there is little known about metformin’s effects on lipid metabolism, a crucial process in PCOS pathology. We have employed a lipidomic approach to explore alterations in the plasma lipid profile of patients with PCOS following metformin treatment. The aim is to offer new insights about the effect of metformin in PCOS patients. Plasma samples were obtained from 27 subjects prior to and following 12 weeks of metformin treatment. A detailed biochemical characterization and lipidomic profile was performed. Metformin reduces BMI, HOMA-IR, FSH and androstenedione and increases DHEA-S but no changes were found in glucose levels after treatment. Multivariate statistics revealed a specific lipidomic signature due to the effect of 12 weeks of metformin treatment in PCOS patients. This signature includes changes in sphingolipid metabolism suggesting a crosstalk between these lipid species and the androgenic metabolism and a decrease in oxidized lipids reinforcing that metformin treatment improves oxidative stress status. Our study confirms the specific effect of metformin in lipid metabolism on women with PCOS after 12 weeks of treatment.

The Role of Plasma Lipid Profile in Patients with Type A Behavior Pattern with POAG

AIM: To evaluate the lipid profile and the evolution of the damage of the visual field in 2 groups of patients with POAG, one group of patients with type A Behaviour and the other with type B Behaviour. METHODS: The study involved 45 patients, 26 women and 19 men, affected by POAG, without significant differences in disease duration. 25 patients presented characteristics of type A behaviour and 20 characteristics of type B behaviour. They are submitted to an complete bio-microscopic examination, tonometry and daily tonometric curve, examination of the visual field through computerized “Octopus 1-2-3” perimeter and determination of the lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol; LDL Cholesterol, Triglycerides) at time 0 and after 3 years. RESULTS: In patients with type A behaviour the values relating to the single components of the lipid profile both at time 0 and after 3 years proved to be constantly higher in a statistically significant way than those found in patients with type B behaviour and the impairment of the visual field is more serious and that its evolution in time is more marked. CONCLUSION: The more rapid progression of the damage of the visual field in patients with type A behavior could recognize in the altered profile lipid one of pathogenetic causes.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

& aims: Few clinical trials have addressed the potential benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We evaluated the effects of supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs from flaxseed and fish oils in patients with biopsy-proven NASH. Patients received three capsules daily, each containing 0.315g of omega-3 PUFAs (64% alpha-linolenic [ALA], 16% eicosapentaenoic [EPA], and 21% docosahexaenoic [DHA] acids; n-3 group, n=27) or mineral oil (placebo group, n=23). Liver biopsies were evaluated histopathologically by the NASH activity score (NAS). Plasma levels of omega-3 PUFAs were assessed as a marker of intake at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. Secondary endpoints included changes in plasma biochemical markers of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and liver function at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of treatment. At baseline, NAS was comparable between the groups (p=0.98). After intervention with omega-3 PUFAs, plasma ALA and EPA levels increased (p≤0.05). However in the placebo group, we also observed increased EPA and DHA (p≤0.05), suggesting an off-protocol intake of PUFAs. NAS improvement/stabilization was correlated with increased ALA in the n-3 group (p=0.02) and with increased EPA (p=0.04) and DHA (p=0.05) in the placebo group. Triglycerides were reduced after 3 months in the n-3 group compared to baseline (p=0.01). In NASH patients, the supplementation of omega-3 PUFA from flaxseed and fish oils significantly impacts on plasma lipid profile of patients with NASH. Plasma increase of these PUFAs was associated with better liver histology. (ID 01992809).

Alterations in plasma lipid profile patterns in leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis-a pilot study

Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis and leukoplakia are highly prevalent in India Lipids are the chief cell membrane components which are essential for various biological functions like cell growth and division of normal as well as malignant tissues. Lipids can be helpful for studying the variation in the cholesterol levels for diagnosing and treating the diseases. Aim: The present study evaluated the plasma lipid profiles in patients with Oral submucous fibrosis and leukoplakia and controls. Methodology: 21 patients were selected for the study out of which 7 had OSMF 7 had oral leukoplakia and 7 were included in control group. Patients with cardiovascular diseases, uncontrolled diabetes, acute hepatitis, thyroid dysfunction, and any drug history were excluded from the study. 5ml blood sample was taken and the serum was tested for triglycride levels(TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL, HDL, LDL VLDL level were analyzed using triglycerides were analyzed by auto-analyzer used for the analysis of the results is a fully automated biochemistry analyzer. Results: In this study TC, HDL, LDL level analysis showed lower levels in oral leukoplakia and OSMF patients than that of the controls. Conclusion: The alterations in the plasma lipid profile patterns were considerable and recommend a still in-depth study with larger sample size in this aspect for early diagnosis and management of oral leukoplakia to prevent malignant transformation. Keywords: Lipids, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Leukoplakia, Oral submucous fibrosis

Lipids in health and disease.

Background: Changes in lipid profile have long been associated with malignancies as lipids play a key role in maintenance of cell integrity. This study evaluated the alterations in extended lipid profile in untreated patients of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and studied the correlation between lipid levels with tobacco consumption. Materials and methods: In this hospital-based study, 65 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically proven patients of OSMF and 42 age and sex matched controls were studied. In these samples serum lipids including: (i) Total cholesterol, (ii) LDL cholesterol (LDLC), (iii) HDL cholesterol (HDLC) (iv) VLDL cholesterol (VLDLC) (v) triglycerides (vi) Apo-A1 (viii) Apo-B and (viii) LPa were analyzed. Results: A significant decrease in plasma total cholesterol, HDLC and Apo-A1 was observed in patients with OSMF as compared to the controls. Thus an inverse relationship between plasma lipid levels and patients was found in OSMF. Conclusion: The lower levels of plasma cholesterol and other lipid constituents in patients might be due to their increased utilization. The findings strongly warrant an in-depth study of alterations in plasma lipid profile in patients with oral precancerous conditions.

Alterations In Lipid Profile Of Patients With Advanced Cervical Cancer

Background The changes in lipid profile have long been associated with cancer because lipids play key role in maintenance of cell integrity. Aims. The study evaluated alterations in plasma lipid profile in patients with advanced squamous cervical cancer. Materials And Method This hospital-based study included 30 cervical cancer patients, with 30 controls. Plasma lipids including: Total cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL ), High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol C (HDL ) and triglycerides (TAG) were analyzed by spectrophotometric kits. C Student's t-test was performed to compare mean values of the parameters. Results A significant decrease in plasma total cholesterol, HDLC and triglycerides was observed in cervical cancer patients as compared to the controls. The LDL lipid fraction was however higher in the cases than in the C controls. Also there was direct relationship between reduced lipid levels and cervical cancer progression, this was statistically significant. Conclusion The lower levels of plasma cholesterol and other lipid constituents in patients might be due to low levels of antioxidants which is a common finding among cancer patients, however this would have to be confirmed by evaluating the anti-oxidant levels of these patients. There is also the need to conduct a study with a much larger sample size. The findings strongly warrant an in-depth study of alterations in plasma lipid profile in cervical cancer patients as a means of monitoring and evaluating such patients.Key Words: Lipid profile, cancer, cervix, spectophotometry, Benin City.

Alterations in serum lipid profile patterns in oral cancer and oral precancerous lesions and conditions—a clinical study

Introduction Changes in lipid profile have long been associated with malignancies as lipids play a key role in maintenance of cell integrity. This study evaluated the alterations in extended lipid profile in untreated patients of oral submucus fibrosis (OSMF), oral leukoplakia, and oral lichen planus, with respect to healthy controls and proven cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Method In this hospital-based study, 25 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically proven patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma and 15 healthy controls were compared with 15 patients each of OSMF, leukoplakia, and lichen planus. In these groups, serum lipids including: (i) total cholesterol, (ii) high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and (iii) triglycérides were analyzed. Results A significant decrease in plasma total cholesterol, HDLC, and triglycerides was observed in the patients with the precancerous lesions and conditions as compared to the controls. Thus, an inverse relationship between plasma lipid levels and patients was found. However, they had higher levels of cholesterol and lower levels of HDLC and triglycérides as compared to the oral squamous cell carcinoma group. Conclusion The lower levels of plasma cholesterol and other lipid constituents in patients might be due to their increased utilization. The findings strongly warrant an in-depth study of alterations in plasma lipid profile in patients with oral precancerous lesions and conditions.

Application of plasma lipidomics in studying the response of patients with essential hypertension to antihypertensive drug therapy

Hypertension is a key risk factor in the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dyslipidemia, a strong predictor of CVD, frequently coexists with hypertension. Therefore, the control of hypertension and dyslipidemia may help reduce CVD morbidity and mortality. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of antihypertensive agents on blood pressure control and plasma lipid metabolism were evaluated. The plasma lipid profiles of patients with treated (n = 25) or untreated (n = 30) essential hypertension as well as of subjects with normotension (n = 28) were analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis of the lipidomics data revealed distinct clusters among studied subjects across three human populations. Phosphatidylcholines and triacylglycerols (TG) dominated the pattern of hypertension-influenced plasma lipid metabolism. Discriminatory lipid metabolites were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by a post hoc multiple comparison correction. TG lipid class was significantly increased by 49.0% (p < 0.001) in hypertensive vs. normotensive groups while tended to decrease (-21.2%, p = 0.054) in hypertensive patients after treatment. Total cholesteryl esters were significantly decreased by -16.9% (p < 0.001) in hypertensive patients after treatment. In particular, a large number of individual neutral lipid species were significantly elevated in hypertensive subjects but significantly decreased after treatment with antihypertensive agents. The present study applied, for the first time, a systems biology based lipidomics approach to investigate differentiation among plasma lipid metabolism of patients with treated/untreated essential hypertension and subjects with normotension. Our results demonstrate that antihypertensive medications to lower blood pressure of hypertensive patients to target levels produced moderate plasma lipid metabolism improvement of patients with hypertension.

Evaluation of Tamoxifen Therapy in Pre-Menopausal and Post-Menopausal Patients of Breast Cancer: a Comparative Study

To evaluate the effects of tamoxifen therapy on plasma lipid profile in patients of breast cancer.MethodsA total of 55 postoperative patients of breast cancer were given tablet tamoxifen 20mg orally daily for 6 months. Estimation of plasma lipid by standard method was carried out in both pre-menopausal and postmenopausal new patients of early stage breast cancer at 0 day, and after three and six months of therapy.ResultsIn pre-menopausal and postmenopausal patient's total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were reduced significantly, whereas triglycerides (TGs), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were not altered. Comparison of the effects of tamoxifen in pre-menopausal and postmenopausal patients on lipid profile revealed that fall in TC and LDL-C was significantly higher at both 3 and 6 months in postmenopausal patients.The study demonstrates that tamoxifen favorably alters the markers of cardiovascular risk in both pre-menopausal and postmenopausal patients of breast cancer.

Effect of candesartan monotherapy on lipid metabolism in patients with hypertension: a retrospective longitudinal survey using data from electronic medical records

BackgroundStudies focusing on the add-on effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) other than their antihypertensive effect are receiving attention. However, the effects of prolonged administration of ARBs on lipid metabolism in clinical cases are unclear. Our aims were to survey the changes in plasma lipid profile in patients with hypertension over a one-year period, and to examine the correlations between these values and the time after the start of ARB monotherapy with candesartan.MethodsWe carried out candesartan monotherapy in patients with mild to moderate hypertension and examined the longitudinal changes in plasma lipid profile. Data from 405 patients for triglyceride (TG), 440 for total cholesterol (TC), 313 for high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and 304 for low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were obtained from the electronic medical records (EMRs) in the Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) of Nihon University School of Medicine (NUSM). The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method (calculated from the inverse of the propensity score) was used to balance the covariates and reduce bias in each treatment duration. Linear mixed effects models were used to analyse the relationship between these longitudinal data of blood examinations and covariates of patient sex, age, diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and duration of candesartan monotherapy.ResultsPlasma HDL-C level was associated with sex, duration of treatment, and interaction of sex and treatment duration, but not with age or diagnosis of DM. HDL-C level was significantly decreased during the 6~9 months period (p = 0.0218) compared with baseline. TG and TC levels were associated with sex, but not with age, diagnosis of DM or treatment duration. LDL-C level was not associated with any covariate. Analysis of the subjects divided by sex revealed a decrease in HDL-C in female subjects (during the 6~9 months period: p = 0.0054), but not in male subjects.ConclusionsOur study revealed that administration of candesartan slightly decreased HDL-C in female subjects. However, TG, TC and LDL-C levels were not influenced by candesartan monotherapy. Candesartan may be safely used for patients with hypertension with respect to lipid metabolism, because the effect of candesartan on lipids may be small.

1527: Coronary Plaque Content Assessment by Virtual Histology Technique in Relation to Plasma HDL and LDL/HDL Ratio

Virtual Histology (VH) is a modality to evaluate tissue characterization of atheroma plaque by intra-coronary ultrasound (IVUS). We investigated relationship between results of VH evaluation and plasma lipid profile in patients with coronary heart disease.

Lipid profile in oral submucous fibrosis

BackgroundChanges in lipid profile have long been associated with malignancies as lipids play a key role in maintenance of cell integrity. This study evaluated the alterations in extended lipid profile in untreated patients of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and studied the correlation between lipid levels with tobacco consumption.Materials and methodsIn this hospital-based study, 65 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically proven patients of OSMF and 42 age and sex matched controls were studied. In these samples serum lipids including: (i) Total cholesterol, (ii) LDL cholesterol (LDLC), (iii) HDL cholesterol (HDLC) (iv) VLDL cholesterol (VLDLC) (v) triglycerides (vi) Apo-A1 (viii) Apo-B and (viii) LPa were analyzed.ResultsA significant decrease in plasma total cholesterol, HDLC and Apo-A1 was observed in patients with OSMF as compared to the controls. Thus an inverse relationship between plasma lipid levels and patients was found in OSMF.ConclusionThe lower levels of plasma cholesterol and other lipid constituents in patients might be due to their increased utilization. The findings strongly warrant an in-depth study of alterations in plasma lipid profile in patients with oral precancerous conditions.

Atazanavir for the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Atazanavir is the first once-daily protease inhibitor for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and should be used only in combination therapy, as part of a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen. In addition to being the most potent protease inhibitor in vitro, atazanavir has a distinct cross-resistance profile that does not confer resistance to other protease inhibitors. However, resistance to other protease inhibitors often confers clinically relevant resistance to atazanavir. Currently, atazanavir is not a preferred protease inhibitor for initial HAART regimens. In treatment-naive patients, atazanavir can be given as 400 mg/day. However, atazanavir should be pharmacologically boosted with ritonavir in treatment-experienced patients or when coadministered with either tenofovir or efavirenz. Patients who receive atazanavir experience similar rates of adverse events compared with patients receiving comparator regimens. An exception is an increased risk of asymptomatic hyperbilirubinemia, which is due to competitive inhibition of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1. Although hyperbilirubinemia is a common adverse drug reaction of atazanavir therapy (22-47%), fewer than 2% of patients discontinue atazanavir therapy because of this adverse effect. Common adverse effects reported with atazanavir include infection, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, peripheral neuropathy, and rash. Of significance, fewer abnormalities have been observed in plasma lipid profiles in patients treated with atazanavir compared with other protease inhibitor-containing regimens. As with other protease inhibitors, atazanavir is also a substrate and moderate inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, in particular CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. Clinically significant drug interactions include (but are not limited to) antacids, proton pump inhibitors, histamine type 2 receptor antagonists, tenofovir, diltiazem, irinotecan, simvastatin, lovastatin, St. John's wort, and warfarin. We conclude that atazanavir is a distinctively characteristic protease inhibitor owing to its in vitro potency, once-daily dosing, distinct initial resistance pattern, and infrequent association with metabolic abnormalities.

Comparison of the effects of telmisartan and nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system on blood pressure control, glucose metabolism, and the lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild hypertension: a 12-month, randomized, double-blind study

BackgroundAngiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) provide effective blood pressure control. Whereas none of the ARBs appear to affect glucose homeostasis, some ARBs have been associated with a decrease in cholesterolemia. ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate blood pressure control glucose homeostasis, and the plasma lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild hypertension during 12 months of treatment with the ARB telmisartan or nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS). MethodsIn this double-blind trial, patients taking oral hypoglycemic agents were randomized to receive telmisartan 40 mg or nifedipine GITS 20 mg once daily for 12 months. At the time of enrollment, patients were given advice on diet (1400–1600 kcal/d) and exercise (stationary bicycle for ≥30 min, 4 d/wk). Assessments of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose concentrations, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin concentrations, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and the lipid profile were performed at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. ResultsOne hundred sixteen patients were divided into 2 age- and sex-matched treatment groups (58 men, 58 women; mean [SD] age, 52.5 [5] years). All patients were in good general health at baseline; had achieved adequate glycemic control with diet and oral hypoglycemic agents; were taking antihypercholesterolemic drugs; and had no evidence of macroangiopathy, microalbuminuria, or neuropathy. There were significant reductions from baseline in seated trough SBP after 12 months of treatment with both telmisartan and nifedipine GITS (from 139 [4] to 132 [4] mm Hg and from 140 [4] to 130 [4] mm Hg, respectively; both, P < 0.01). No change in BMI or glucose metabolism was observed with either treatment. After 12 months, there were significant improvements in concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with telmisartan (−9% and −11.5%, respectively; both, P < 0.01) compared with nifedipine GITS (−2% and −1.5%). ConclusionsIn this selected sample of patients with type 2 diabetes and mild hypertension, both telmisartan and nifedipine GITS produced significant reductions in blood pressure. Telmisartan was associated with a slight but statistically significant improvement in plasma TC and LDL-C concentrations compared with nifedipine GITS.

Soy protein diet significantly improves endothelial function and lipid parameters.

Replacement of animal protein with soy protein in the diet is associated with decreased cholesterol levels. However, the effects of soy protein diet on endothelial function are not well known. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of soy protein diet on plasma lipids and endothelial function parameters assessed by two different methods. Twenty hypercholesterolemic, nonsmoker male patients (age 50.1+/-11.8 years), with a normal body mass index, were included. After calculating their daily requirements, a diet with 25-30% of energy from fats. 10-12% from proteins, and the rest from carbohydrates was instituted. Sixty percent of the animal source proteins of the diet were substituted by soy. The anthropometric measures, lipid parameters, and endothelial functions of the subjects were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks after soy protein diet. Flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilatation (EDD) and plasma thrombomodulin (TM) levels were evaluated as endothelial function parameters. After diet, plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride levels decreased significantly (p <0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.039, and p = 0.001, respectively). The mean plasma TM levels were also significantly reduced with diet (p = 0.004). Studies of the brachial artery indicated a borderline dilatation in baseline brachial artery diameter (p = 0.05), however the diameter at reactive hyperemia was significantly larger after diet (p<0.001), resulting in a significant improvement of EDD (p = 0.002). Soy protein diet significantly improves plasma lipid profile in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, the endothelial function, as judged by two different methods (EDD and plasma TM levels), also improves with soy protein diet.

Effects of Soy Protein and Isoflavones on Plasma Lipid Profiles in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Journal of Medicinal FoodVol. 2, No. 3-4 Effects of Soy Protein and Isoflavones on Plasma Lipid Profiles in Patients with Cardiovascular DiseaseW.A. FACHÉW.A. FACHÉSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:12 Mar 2009https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.1999.2.261AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail "Effects of Soy Protein and Isoflavones on Plasma Lipid Profiles in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease." , 2(3-4), p. 261FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 2Issue 3-4Jan 1999 To cite this article:W.A. FACHÉ.Effects of Soy Protein and Isoflavones on Plasma Lipid Profiles in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of Medicinal Food.Jan 1999.261-261.http://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.1999.2.261Published in Volume: 2 Issue 3-4: March 12, 2009PDF download