Physical Organization Research Articles

The principles of physical training organisation of US Army officers

The article is devoted to the analysis of the principles of physical training organization of commissioned officers of the US Army, their implementation and effectiveness in the context of ensuring a high level of combat readiness. The US Armed Forces uses advanced technologies and scientific researches to continuously improve the physical training system, which includes the use of special training programs, monitoring of physical indicators and the development of new training methods based on scientific researches. The importance of an individual approach in training process training, as well as the integration of officers' physical training, is considered. The main goal is to understand and define the most effective and modern principles that ensure the optimal physical readiness of officers to perform their combat tasks. The article contains recommendations on optimizing the process of physical training, with the aim of increasing the functional capabilities of officers and ensuring their readiness to perform combat and training tasks in various conditions. The considerable attention is paid to the individual needs and capabilities of the US Armed Forces officers. The training programs can be adapted to specific needs and capabilities of officers, ensuring an efficient and safe physical fitness process. Physical training in the US Army is based on a high level of professionalism and motivation. This is stimulated by a system of recognition and awards, career development and provision of optimal conditions for training.

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The Morphofunctional Condition of Students in Secondary Schools and the Importance of Physical Education in Physical Education Lessons Summary Peculiarities of morphofunctional indices of schoolchildren, studying at the secondary educational institutions with different levels of the organization of physical training, are reflected in the article. We determined an effect of the factor of physical training organization on physical development posture, physical working capacity, strength qualities, functioning of cardio-respiratory system of the children. Key words: health, anthropometric indices, functional indices, children of school age, physical training, risk

Physician Coaching by Professionally Trained Peers for Burnout and Well-Being

Physician burnout is problematic despite existing interventions. More evidence-based approaches are needed. To explore the effect of individualized coaching by professionally trained peers on burnout and well-being in physicians. This randomized clinical trial involved Mass General Physician Organization physicians who volunteered for coaching from August 5 through December 1, 2021. The data analysis was performed from February through October 2022. Participants were randomized to 6 coaching sessions facilitated by a peer coach over 3 months or a control condition using standard institutional resources for burnout and wellness. The primary outcome was burnout as measured by the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index. Secondary outcomes included professional fulfillment, effect of work on personal relationships, quality of life, work engagement, and self-valuation. Analysis was performed on a modified intention-to-treat basis. Of 138 physicians enrolled, 67 were randomly allocated to the coaching intervention and 71 to the control group. Most participants were aged 31 to 60 years (128 [93.0%]), women (109 [79.0%]), married (108 [78.3%]), and in their early to mid career (mean [SD], 12.0 [9.7] years in practice); 39 (28.3%) were Asian, 3 (<0.1%) were Black, 9 (<0.1%) were Hispanic, 93 were (67.4%) White, and 6 (<0.1%) were of other race or ethnicity. In the intervention group, 52 participants underwent coaching and were included in the analysis. Statistically significant improvements in burnout, interpersonal disengagement, professional fulfillment, and work engagement were observed after 3 months of coaching compared with no intervention. Mean scores for interpersonal disengagement decreased by 30.1% in the intervention group and increased by 4.1% in the control group (absolute difference, -0.94 poimys [95% CI, -1.48 to -0.41 points; P = .001), while mean scores for overall burnout decreased by 21.6% in the intervention group and increased by 2.5% in the control group (absolute difference, -0.79 points; 95% CI, -1.27 to -0.32 points; P = .001). Professional fulfillment increased by 10.7% in the intervention group compared with no change in the control group (absolute difference, 0.59 points; 95% CI, 0.01-1.16 points; P = .046). Work engagement increased by 6.3% in the intervention group and decreased by 2.2% in the control group (absolute difference, 0.33 points; 95% CI, 0.02-0.65 points; P = .04). Self-valuation increased in both groups, but not significantly. The findings of this hospital-sponsored program show that individualized coaching by professionally trained peers is an effective strategy for reducing physician burnout and interpersonal disengagement while improving their professional fulfillment and work engagement. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05036993.

DECTNet: Dual Encoder Network combined convolution and Transformer architecture for medical image segmentation.

Automatic and accurate segmentation of medical images plays an essential role in disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Convolution neural networks have achieved remarkable results in medical image segmentation in the past decade. Meanwhile, deep learning models based on Transformer architecture also succeeded tremendously in this domain. However, due to the ambiguity of the medical image boundary and the high complexity of physical organization structures, implementing effective structure extraction and accurate segmentation remains a problem requiring a solution. In this paper, we propose a novel Dual Encoder Network named DECTNet to alleviate this problem. Specifically, the DECTNet embraces four components, which are a convolution-based encoder, a Transformer-based encoder, a feature fusion decoder, and a deep supervision module. The convolutional structure encoder can extract fine spatial contextual details in images. Meanwhile, the Transformer structure encoder is designed using a hierarchical Swin Transformer architecture to model global contextual information. The novel feature fusion decoder integrates the multi-scale representation from two encoders and selects features that focus on segmentation tasks by channel attention mechanism. Further, a deep supervision module is used to accelerate the convergence of the proposed method. Extensive experiments demonstrate that, compared to the other seven models, the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art results on four segmentation tasks: skin lesion segmentation, polyp segmentation, Covid-19 lesion segmentation, and MRI cardiac segmentation.

Alteration of synaptic protein composition during developmental synapse maturation.

The postsynaptic density (PSD) is a collection of specialized proteins assembled beneath the postsynaptic membrane of dendritic spines. The PSD proteome comprises ~1000 proteins, including neurotransmitter receptors, scaffolding proteins and signalling enzymes. Many of these proteins have essential roles in synaptic function and plasticity. During brain development, changes are observed in synapse density and in the stability and shape of spines, reflecting the underlying molecular maturation of synapses. Synaptic protein composition changes in terms of protein abundance and the assembly of protein complexes, supercomplexes and the physical organization of the PSD. Here, we summarize the developmental alterations of postsynaptic protein composition during synapse maturation. We describe major PSD proteins involved in postsynaptic signalling that regulates synaptic plasticity and discuss the effect of altered expression of these proteins during development. We consider the abnormality of synaptic profiles and synaptic protein composition in the brain in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders. We also explain differences in synapse development between rodents and primates in terms of synaptic profiles and protein composition. Finally, we introduce recent findings related to synaptic diversity and nanoarchitecture and discuss their impact on future research. Synaptic protein composition can be considered a major determinant and marker of synapse maturation in normality and disease.

Cultural Heritage Recognition through Protection of Historical Value and Urban Regeneration: CSOA Forte Prenestino

The conformation and dynamics of metropolitanisation act as propulsive elements of territorial transformations. The deficiency of infrastructural equipment, the heterogeneity of urban fabric and the lack of services and public spaces contribute to severing the identity ties between settled communities and territories. In light of this, within the more general reflection concerning urban regeneration, we recall the role that cultural heritage plays in the physical and functional organisation of the city, as a reflection of the interaction between community and context. The contribution is contextualized in the research work on the activities related to Thematic Line 4 of the Extended Partnership 5—CHANGES (NRRP). The thematic line activities follow three phases: 1. contextualization; 2. operational phase; 3. experimentation. The research work presented here is part of the ‘operational phase’, to identify strategies and projects for heritage-led regeneration. The article analyses the pilot case of CSOA Forte Prenestino as a starting point for thinking about expanding the research activity to other similar cases. It is a self-managed community centre in Rome (Italy) located in the nineteenth-century Forte, which has become a symbol of collective identity. The case study was identified following three levels of investigation: 1. identification of the municipality, first-level administrative subdivision of the city of Rome (Italy); 2. identification of the main historical, archaeological and architectural emergencies of the municipality; 3. identification of an asset to be analysed as “Heritage by designation” (involvement of experts) and “Heritage by appropriation” (involvement of communities). The research results show the “Recognition Path” of Forte Prenestina: according to what has been ‘designated’ by urban planning instruments, project instruments, legislative instruments and authors of scientific publications and conferences; and on the basis of the bottom-up ‘appropriation’ process of the asset that has allowed its management, assessment of its cultural and social potential and its development. The research results allow us to reflect on heritage-led urban regeneration as a strategy capable of capturing and promoting the links between social integration and cultural–historical identity.

Проблемы цифровизации в управлении физической культуры и спорта, возможные варианты их решения

The article substantiates the need and convenience of using digital systems for the interaction of state and municipal authorities for physical culture and sports, as well as in the management of physical culture and sports organizations. The problems associated with the lack of funding in the regions for the development of IT programs, the insufficient psychological readiness of management workers for digital innovations in management working in remote regions, and the lag of higher education from the digital reality are considered. The difficulties in the regions with hiring highly paid professional managers, marketers who know the specifics of the industry and at the same time master digital technologies, and the inability of employers to satisfy their needs for high wages are becoming more urgent. The author sees a solution to the issues in the use of low-cost paid automated digital systems that are easy to master and help raise the level of management efficiency.

Abstract 3799: Spatial biomarker prediction in papillary renal cell carcinoma using artificial intelligence-based immunofluorescent inference

Abstract Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) accounts for ~15-20% of the global burden for kidney cancers but still lacks effective mechanisms to predict patient responses to therapeutic intervention. Existing therapies targeting kidney cancers (anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy) intimately involve the tumor microenvironment in their mechanism of action. However, the role of the physical organization of the tumor in determining therapeutic efficacy remains unknown. Previous efforts have utilized transcriptional profiling to stratify patients into treatment categories but here we propose to leverage artificial neural networks (“AI”) to infer the expression of marker genes for particular cell types of interest based on ubiquitously expressed immunofluorescence channels, unstained brightfield images, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) stained images. We have developed AI models that are capable of the prediction of a range of relevant cell types based on the expression profile of DAPI, type IV collagen, and integrin beta-1, including endothelial cells, T cells, macrophages and other cell types. This work applies an AI model class known as generative adversarial networks (GANs) to produce photo-realistic simulated immunofluorescence images based on the input channels. This approach may allow us to accurately predict complex multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) images from simpler, more routine histological methods, greatly reducing the cost burden required to profile histopathology images for cell types of interest. Our previous work identified a number of interesting cell-cell association clusters correlated with patient prognosis and this extension of that previous work aims to allow for the prediction of these interactions while obviating the need to perform the original, costly multiplex immunofluorescence assay or even a more reduced immunofluorescence staining panel which may still be out of reach for many clinical pathology labs and the interpretation of which may be challenging. By simplifying and increasing the availability of predictive AI models for digital pathology, we hope to further develop and apply predictive biomarkers for patient prognosis and treatment response in papillary renal cell carcinoma. Citation Format: Jared Brewer, Joseph Vento, Scott Haake, Anupama Reddy. Spatial biomarker prediction in papillary renal cell carcinoma using artificial intelligence-based immunofluorescent inference [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3799.

Physician marriage survey reveals sex and specialty differences in marital satisfaction factors

Physician marriage is a valuable indicator of how vocational factors (e.g. work hours, stressors) impact satisfaction in relationships and physician wellness overall. Previous studies suggest that gender and specialty influence marriage satisfaction for physicians, though these often come from limited, local, cohorts. A cross-sectional survey was designed and distributed to publicly available email addresses representing academic and private practice physician organizations across the United States, receiving 321 responses (253 complete). Responses included data on demographics, medical specialty, age at marriage, stage of training at marriage, number of children, and factors leading to marital satisfaction/distress. A multivariable ordinal logistic regression was conducted to find associations between survey variables and marriage satisfaction. Survey results indicated that 86.5% of physicians have been married (average age at first marriage was 27.8 years old), and the rate of first marriages ending is at least 14.7%. Men had significantly more children than women. Physicians married at least once averaged 1.98 children. “Other” specialty physicians had significantly more children on average than psychiatrists. Marrying before medical school predicted practicing in private practice settings. Job stress, work hours, children, and sex were most frequently sources of marital distress, while strong communication, finances, and children were most frequently sources of marital stability. Sex differences were also found in distressing and stabilizing marital factors: Female physicians were more likely to cite their spouse’s work hours and job stress as sources of marital distress. Finally, surgery specialty and Judaism were associated with higher marriage satisfaction, whereas possession of an M.D. degree was associated with lower marriage satisfaction. This study elucidated new perspectives on physician marriage and families based on specialty, practice setting, and stage of training at marriage. Future studies may focus on factors mediating specialty and sex’s impact on having children and marriage satisfaction. To our knowledge, this study is the first physician marriage survey which integrates multiple factors in the analysis of physician marriages.

How Does ChatGPT Use Source Information Compared With Google? A Text Network Analysis of Online Health Information.

How Does ChatGPT Use Source Information Compared With Google? A Text Network Analysis of Online Health Information.

Define soil

Two new brief definitions of soil are proposed to improve soil understanding among the general populous and to enhance soil connectivity. One definition is “The layered material at the earth's surface, which has resulted from chemical and biological processes and physical organisation of minerals and organic matter, and which supports terrestrial ecosystems and humanity.”

The Evaluation of In-Hospital Transportation of Emergency Room Critically Ill Patients

Backround/Aims:The overcrowding of emergency departments, insufficient bed capacity in these units, lack of integrated radiology units, and the distance of other departments and intensive care units from the emergency department make it inevitable to transport patients within the hospital for either short-term or long-term purposes. Patients can be transported at least once for diagnostic and treatment procedures to radiology units, operating rooms, or intensive care units for admission. However, even during short-term patient transport in critical situations, complications may arise. Methods:This study evaluates the data obtained prospectively by examining the transport information of 588 patients who met the study criteria in an eight-month period in the emergency department of a university hospital in 2020. The study is designed to assess survival, disability, and the safe transport process of critically ill patients transported from the emergency department to hospital imaging, interventional procedures, surgery, and admission units. For statistical analysis of the data, independent sample t-test was used for normally distributed variables, Mann-Whitney U test when the normality assumption was not met, chi-square, ANOVA tests for the comparison of categorical variables. The significance level for all hypothesis tests was set at 0.05. Results:Of the 588 patients included in the study, 36.9% were female and 63.1% were male, with an average age of 61.9 years. The average transport time for patients transferred for examination, admission, or interventional procedures was 18.5 minutes. 63.3% of the transferred patients sought medical attention during the night shift. During transport, 51.7% of patients experienced problems. Among the issues encountered during transport, 48.3% were related to the system, 27% were related to equipment, and 24.7% were related to human factors. The most common problem, accounting for 23.0%, was waiting in radiology units or corridors for radiology examinations and interventional procedures. Conclusion:In critically ill patients in the emergency department, the most common transport problems occur when planned examinations take place outside the emergency department. Therefore, the necessity of these requests should be carefully evaluated to reduce complications that may occur during transfer. The physical organization of emergency departments should be designed to facilitate the transfer of critical patients as quickly as possible to prevent problems that arise due to prolonged transfer times.

Trends in Integration Between Physician Organizations and Pharmacies for Self-Administered Drugs

Increasing integration across medical services may have important implications for health care quality and spending. One major but poorly understood dimension of integration is between physician organizations and pharmacies for self-administered drugs or in-house pharmacies. To describe trends in the use of in-house pharmacies, associated physician organization characteristics, and associated drug prices. A cross-sectional study was conducted from calendar years 2011 to 2019. Participants included 20% of beneficiaries enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare Parts A, B, and D. Data analysis was performed from September 15, 2020, to December 20, 2023. Prescriptions filled by in-house pharmacies. The share of Medicare Part D spending filled by in-house pharmacies by drug class, costliness, and specialty was evaluated. Growth in the number of physician organizations and physicians in organizations with in-house pharmacies was measured in 5 specialties: medical oncology, urology, infectious disease, gastroenterology, and rheumatology. Characteristics of physician organizations with in-house pharmacies and drug prices at in-house vs other pharmacies are described. Among 8 020 652 patients (median age, 72 [IQR, 66-81] years; 4 570 114 [57.0%] women), there was substantial growth in the share of Medicare Part D spending on high-cost drugs filled at in-house pharmacies from 2011 to 2019, including oral anticancer treatments (from 10% to 34%), antivirals (from 12% to 20%), and immunosuppressants (from 2% to 9%). By 2019, 63% of medical oncologists, 20% of urologists, 29% of infectious disease specialists, 21% of gastroenterologists, and 22% of rheumatologists were in organizations with specialty-relevant in-house pharmacies. Larger organizations had a greater likelihood of having an in-house pharmacy (0.75 percentage point increase [95% CI, 0.56-0.94] per each additional physician), as did organizations owning hospitals enrolled in the 340B Drug Discount Program (10.91 percentage point increased likelihood [95% CI, 6.33-15.48]). Point-of-sale prices for high-cost drugs were 1.76% [95% CI, 1.66%-1.87%] lower at in-house vs other pharmacies. In this cross-sectional study of physician organization-operated pharmacies, in-house pharmacies were increasingly used from 2011 to 2019, especially for high-cost drugs, potentially associated with organizations' financial incentives. In-house pharmacies offered high-cost drugs at lower prices, in contrast to findings of integration in other contexts, but their growth highlights a need to understand implications for patient care.

Sports branding as an object of scientific analysis based on the study of publications in the international scientometric database Web of Science Core Collection

Sports branding is a systematic process of communication with a mass audience, aimed at creating a special sports culture: understanding the need to maintain a healthy lifestyle; maintaining interest in sports activities; formation of a positive image of the country through large-scale events, etc. Branding technologies are currently actively used not only by sports clubs, individual athletes, public authorities, but also by non-profit physical culture and sports organizations. The study is aimed at systematizing modern scientific ideas about sports branding. Sports branding literature included in the Web of Science Core Collection database for the period 2005 to 2023 was examined. Bibliometric methods of information processing were used in the context of sports branding. VOSviewer software was used for visual analysis in terms of publication, author, country, journals, citations and keywords with construction of bibliometric maps, visualization of cluster density, weight - citations. After screening, a total of 388 publications from the Web of Science database were included. The constructed bibliometric maps made it possible to determine the most popular areas of research to study the problem under study: sports branding as an effective tool for forming the country's image; branding of sports events; social media as a tool for sports branding; the importance of brands in the professional sports industry; athletes personal branding. The use of the VOSviewer program, version 1.6.18, made it possible to provide a comprehensive analysis of the problem, to identify priority research areas in this area: the principles of using sports branding as a mechanism for constructing a territorial brand, as well as technologies for promoting sports brands in social media.

Formation of professional competences in future specialists in sports management in a professionally oriented educational space

The problem of training sports managers is associated with significant qualitative changes in the organizational structure of physical culture and sports, with the commercialization of various physical culture and sports organizations and the emergence of private sports schools and clubs, where managerial activity in the field of physical culture and sports acquires a managerial and marketing orientation.&#x0D; The significance of the training of sports managers was analyzed, taking into account the types and functional duties; presentation of sports manager models in scientific research; conditions for the formation of professional competencies of a future specialist in sports management.&#x0D; The salary and rating of sports managers depends on the mastery of the acquired education, the ability to solve managerial tasks, human qualities, leadership qualities and creativity, appearance, knowledge in the chosen sport.&#x0D; The presence of professional disciplines in the content of the training of sports managers forms competences, professional knowledge, abilities and skills. Training programs consist of educational disciplines: «Introduction to sports management», «Sports mass media», «Sports events and facilities management», «Sports marketing», «Sports ethics», «Finance and accounting in sports activities», «Global sports business», «Sports law». Students complete coursework and undergo internships in sports organizations.&#x0D; The content of the training of sports managers takes into account the readiness of graduates for managerial activities in state and private organizations in the field of physical culture and sports. Education based on knowledge of social, legal, technical- organizational and economic aspects.

Quality of Life Determinants among Breast Cancer Women Undergoing Treatment in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Breast cancer affects millions of women worldwide, including Indonesia and brings a burden on many aspects, especially quality of life. This study investigated the influence of demographic characteristics, psychological distress and physical activity levels on quality of life among breast cancer women undergoing therapy in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 breast cancer women. We used the Indonesian version of depression, anxiety, stress scales, international physical activity questionnaires and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF to evaluate psychological distress, physical activity levels and quality of life. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple linear regressions were applied. Study participants had moderate quality of life scores. Approximately 22% of the variance in physical health was explained by family history, depression and physical activity. Having a family history is associated with better psychological health (ß = 5.32, P = 0.04). In contrast, experienced moderate to severe depressive symptoms contributed to lower environment domains (ß = -6.30, P = 0.02). Furthermore, having a low level of physical activity was the only significant factor influencing all domain scores, including physical health (β = -24.82, P < 0.001), psychological health (β = -19.72, P < 0.001), social relation (β= -16.91, P < 0.001) and environment (β = -13.91, P < 0.001). Physical activity levels are the strongest determinant of quality of life among breast cancer women in Indonesia. Nurses should not only widen information access regarding breast cancer, especially for patients with genetic risk, but also should early screen for depressive symptoms and develop strategies to motivate patients to increase their physical activity to escalate breast cancer patient's quality of life.

Structure of Escherichia coli exonuclease VII

Exonuclease VII (ExoVII) is a ubiquitous bacterial nuclease. Encoded by the xseA and xseB genes, ExoVII participates in multiple nucleic acid-dependent pathways including the processing of multicopy single-stranded DNA and the repair of covalent DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs). Although many biochemical properties of ExoVII have been defined, little is known about its structure/function relationships. Here, we use cryoelectron microscopy (cryoEM) to determine that Escherichia coli ExoVII comprises a highly elongated XseA4·XseB24 holo-complex. Each XseA subunit dimerizes through a central extended α-helical segment decorated by six XseB subunits and a C-terminal, domain-swapped β-barrel element; two XseA2·XseB12 subcomplexes further associate using N-terminal OB (oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding) folds and catalytic domains to form a spindle-shaped, catenated octaicosamer. The catalytic domains of XseA, which adopt a nuclease fold related to 3-dehydroquinate dehydratases, are sequestered in the center of the complex and accessible only through large pores formed between XseA tetramers. The architectural organization of ExoVII, combined with biochemical studies, indicate that substrate selectivity is controlled by steric access to its nuclease elements and that tetramer dissociation results from substrate DNA binding. Despite a lack of sequence and fold homology, the physical organization of ExoVII is reminiscent of Mre11·Rad50/SbcCD ATP (adenosine triphosphate)-dependent nucleases used in the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks, including those formed by DPCs through aberrant topoisomerase activity, suggesting that there may have been convergent evolutionary pressure to contend with such damage events.

Seafarers’ Wellbeing on Board: Scoping Review

The author aims at synthesising the published literature on seafarers' mental and physical health and wellbeing. The reason for this study is to reveal the published literature on the mental and physical difficulties faced by seafarers, which have gained more importance in recent years. Especially during the COVID19 pandemic and afterwards, seafarers who have been on board much longer than their contracts had to go through very difficult processes. In this paper the studies that examine the concepts affecting mental health, such as depression, anxiety, isolation, psychological well-being and stress, and physical health, such as insomnia, poor alimentation, and fatigue are included. This review covers thematic analysis, results, and literature on wellbeing of the seafarers. Findings of the studies in the existing literature reveal that ship operators need to provide access to mental health resources and support services, such as counselling, to help seafarers cope with the stress and isolation of life at sea. On the other hand, opportunities for seafarers to maintain contact with their families and support their mental health need to be ensured while they are away from home. Supporting work-life balance provides opportunities for seafarers to access internet and communication facilities, offering regular shore leave, and encouraging engagement in activities that promote mental well-being. Moreover, for physical wellbeing ship management organisations should ensure access to medical care on board apart from telehealth, including emergency medical services, to address any physical health concerns. Organisational culture will promote a workplace culture that supports seafarers' mental and physical health and encourages open communication. This study provides a foundation for future maritime research and facilitates exploration of these concepts.

ORGANIZATION OF SPORTS EVENTS IN MODERN CONDITIONS

The aim of the article is to study the features of the organization of sports events under martial law. It is established that the main risks on the way to the effective organization and conduct of sports events under martial law are the escalation of hostilities in the region, the decrease in the popularity of the sport, the convenience of the infrastructure of the sports facility, and the popularity of athletes participating in competitions. The strengths of sports event organizers are: a positive image; accessibility of sporting events; success of image projects; mass events and involvement of the general public; Effective marketing activities. The weaknesses of the organizers of sports events are: location in the war zone; prohibition of international competitions; deficit of budget financing of sports events; destruction of sports facilities intended for sports events. The main ways to overcome the crisis phenomena associated with the war and its consequences for the organizers of sports events are: ensuring safety and comfort during events, increasing the number of participants in sports events, strengthening international ties with physical culture and sports organizations, improving marketing and scientific activities, cooperation with public organizations of physical culture and sports.

A new description model for enabling more general manufacturing systems representation in digital twin

The demand for high efficiency and flexible production has led to more complex and flexible production organizations in discrete manufacturing systems. How to rapidly construct/reconfigure a workshop digital twin in response to a configurable complex physical production organization becomes a challenging problem. To address this challenge, based on the existing SevenElement description model, we propose an improved Material Nodes-oriented SevenElements (MNOSE) description model. This model is not only capable of describing/expressing inter-device relationships among manufacturing equipment/devices but also intra-device internal relationships between the device and materials handled by it. Its potential impact on shop-floor digital twin is to make an updating of shop-floor digital twin easier and faster because it can easily express and rapidly (re)-construct a shop-floor digital shadow in response to a rapidly physically reconfigured workshop for a different production organization. In addition, the model can drive the logical unification of multiple digital twin services in a plant and improve the efficiency of integration between several information systems. The utility of the description model in describing shop floor is demonstrated by a case study and validated by modeling representations of typical production organizations.