Petrozavodsk State University Research Articles

PROFILE-RELEVANT EMPLOYABILITY OF UNIVERSITY GRADUATES: SOCIAL NETWORK DATA ANALYSIS

Russian educational policy in the recent years has been directed towards realization of institutional and infrastructure transformation of universities. This brought about governmental programmes aimed for development of leading Russian universities and for their competitive growth in the Russian and world markets. Russian universities began competing among themselves to achieve the key performance indicators (KPIs: publication activity, citation ratio, the share of income resulting from scientific activities in the university budget, the number of foreign students, the percentage of foreign teachers, the number of joint international educational programs etc.). It is quite obvious that science-related KPIs are generally more relevant and objective than education-related ones. Therefore, there appears the key question, whether the Russian universities are capable to fulfil their main mission - to provide highly skilled globally completive specialists, who would be able to work in conditions of the innovative knowledge-driven economy and all-world competition. The subject of our research is the profile relevance of employability of the graduates of the leading Russian universities - participants of Project 5-100. This KPI is not formally among the key indicators of Project 5-100, but believably belongs to the most important ones in evaluating the educational quality of any university. In this paper, we address this issue by using the new quantitative data from the biggest Russian social network «Vkontakte». By our research, we are bringing this new source of information to this research domain, and by doing so, we are getting access to data which are generated directly from the graduates themselves without any mediators or filters. On the basis of this information we conclude that more than 50 % of the Russian graduates are not employed according to their specialization after they leave university. This obviously reflects weak correlation between the content of their education and the demands of the employers, and also dissatisfaction of the latter with the quality of education provided by the universities. This means that even the leading Russian universities do not provide the necessary level of links with employers, despite the high demand for the skilled workforce at the labour market. According to the results of the analysis, we can state that the problem of non-educational employment of Russian university graduates concerns all areas of training and all regions of the country, and, therefore, is systemic in its nature. In general, the situation in the country looks approximately the same. There is a difference only in the effectiveness of employment between the various subject areas. The employed in the best way are graduates-physicians and IT-specialists, in the worst way - specialists in social and human sciences and jurisprudence. The novelty of the research is in the fact that the social network «Vkontakte» has never been used before to analyze this topic on the country-wide level. The research results appeared to be quite close in qualitative and quantitative sense to the previously studies, undertaken by the portal of Superjob.ru and by Petrozavodsk State University. Having addressed the same subject, but using different data, we came to comparable conclusions with them, but each time 5 years one after another (Superjob.ru - 2007, Petrozavodsk State University - 2012, ITMO University - 2017). The profile relevance of employability of the graduates of the leading Russian universities keeps being at the same level of 45-50 %. Our version is 46 %. Unfortunately, the visible progress in this area is still absent. The key conclusion of the study is the following: the Russian system of university graduate's employment is unbalanced and not effective. More than 50 % of graduates leave Russian universities «for nowhere». An integrated approach to the organization of labour force planning is required, in particular, to the development of foresights of specialists in the main areas of the future economy.

Semantic Approach to Opening Museum Collections of Everyday Life History for Services in Internet of Things Environments

Technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) and of smart spaces support creating smart museums based on digitized infrastructures and information systems already deployed in modern museums. Cultural heritage knowledge in such a museum is used by interested visitors as well as by personnel. This work continues the authors' research on the smart museum concept and its case study of everyday life history in the History Museum of Petrozavodsk State University (PetrSU). The authors develop an ontological model for the needs of studying the everyday life history. The ontology supports integrating descriptions of collected exhibits into a semantic network, where the links reflect meaningful relations between exhibits and other historical objects. They apply the wiki technology within the smart spaces-based architecture of a smart museum. The wiki implements an ontology-enabled system that experts use to extract and represent knowledge hidden in the museum collection. The authors discuss possible semantic algorithms for data mining in the museum semantic network.

Лишайники интродуцированных хвойных растений дендрария Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Лишайники интродуцированных хвойных растений дендрария Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Semantic infrastructure of a smart museum: toward making cultural heritage knowledge usable and creatable by visitors and professionals

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Spaces technologies enable development of new information services operating with descriptions of museum exhibits and available cultural heritage knowledge. In this paper, we introduce a smart museum concept where information services are not limited with straightforward provision of record-based description of exhibits, as it happens in traditional museum information systems. The concept is based on services with high intelligence level when additional historical sources can be used to semantically enrich the museum collection, including knowledge acquired from visitors and museum professionals. A museum becomes a cultural space where its semantic layer makes knowledge usable and creatable by visitors and professionals. Our research focus is on applying this concept to the case study of the History Museum of Petrozavodsk State University. A concept prototype is created, as a mandatory development phase of complex systems engineering, to analyze the need, feasibility, and technical approach. The concept prototype follows the smart spaces approach for IoT environments and defines design solutions for creating a semantic infrastructure that transforms a given museum into its smart variant.

Туризм и нематериальное культурное наследие: карело-финский эпос «Калевала» как аттрактор в информационном поле дестинации

The article investigates the forms and principles of involving intangible cultural heritage in tourism development thought the example of the Republic of Karelia. Various forms of intangible cultural heritage are presented according to the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage 2003. Forms of using of intangible cultural heritage in the framework of the various types of tourism organization are explored through the certain examples. The authors consider 4 conditions of legend’s involvement in the service process in the territory of tourism destination according to the «Scheherazade strategy» by Christian Salmon: (1) submission of natural and cultural heritage through the history / legend; (2) certain time of story / legend providing; (3)«message» of tourism destinations; (4) creation of information field on the Internet. The authors specify the 3rd point and formulated it as «formation of cultural anchor» that should «tie» specific local legend to places and objects located in the territory.
 The intangible cultural heritage involvement in the process of tourist services organization is considered by the example of the Karelian-Finnish epic poem «Kalevala», consisting of 50 runes (the Republic of Karelia). Experience of the «Kalevala» epic poem involvement in tourism is considered: tourism routes development, creating and adaptation of legends, development of event and adventure tourism. The possibility of implementing the updated «Scheherazade strategy» by the example of the epic poem «Kalevala» is investigated. As the research result, the authors propose an annual roleplaying game «Kalevala. Amazing adventure» as the new actual form of promotion «Kalevala» epic poem. This project was developed by students and lectures of Tourism Department of Petrozavodsk State University and included to the Small Deal Strategy of Kalevala region of the Republic of Karelia.
 This article was prepared as part of the scientific activities of the Strategic Development Program of Petrozavodsk State University for 2012–2016.

A Semantic Approach to Designing Information Services for Smart Museums

The existing wide spectrum of embedded, multimedia, and mobile equipment provides an effective base for making museums smart or intelligent. By using the Internet of Things technology and the smart spaces paradigm the distance can be shortened between exhibits and their descriptive information on one side and consumers and providers of this information on the other side. In this paper, the authors discuss a smart museum concept and present a semantic approach to design of advanced information services for smart museums. The central point is introduction of the semantic layer to create a semantic network. The proposed approach reduces the semantic layer development to the following components: software infrastructure, semantic layer ontology, and mobile user access. For these components the authors provide design solutions, which are analyzed in respect to particular services for the History Museum of Petrozavodsk State University. The semantic approach can be applied to development of many museum services as well as in various digital environments of museums and cultural heritage areas.

Обзор совместного семинара научной молодежи Института законодательства и сравнительного правоведения при Правительстве Российской Федерации и юридического факультета Петрозаводского государственного университета

The present publication provides the review of the joint seminar of young scientists from the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation and Petrozavodsk State University faculty of law which took place on April 29, 2015 in Petrozavodsk. During the event the main activities of the Institute were presented. Particular attention was paid to such areas as scientific legal support of activities of the Government of the Russian Federation, carrying out basic and applied scientific researches in legal sphere, examination of legal experience of foreign states and international associations, realization of functions of the interdisciplinary center for coordinating scientific and educational methodological support in combating corruption, realization of policy in education and professional development, performance of functions of the Secretariat of the Russian Federation delegation in the European Commission for democracy through law, activities of the Council of young scientists and the Council of graduate students, etc. At the same time, special attention was also paid to the questions of participation of youth in the Institute’s scientific life and involvement of young scientists-lawyers in joint research projects. During the seminar the foundation was laid for the main areas of interaction between the young scientists of the Institute and the University, including publishing of the results of joint scientific researches in publications of the Institute and the University, participation in the events held by the Institute and the University, involvement of the University graduates in the Institute’s Master programs, exchange in educational and scientific literature, etc. The seminar proceeded in a friendly businesslike atmosphere; its participants recognized the efficiency of the held meeting.

The spa-health resort and touristic-recreational facilities of the region: the methodological aspects of their development

The correction and optimization of the motor activity of the patients are currently the main priorities of all rehabilitative and recreational activities based at the spa and health resort facilities. The forms of such activities include walking tours and excursion trips. In other words, the excursion potential is one of the very important attributes of the recreational recourses. Under the current conditions characterized by the rapid socio-economic changes, the studies concerning the structural and functional transformation of spa and health resorts, recreational and tourist facilities acquire special importance, both from the humanitarian and economic points of view. The results of these studies may greatly contribute to the organization and the further development of rehabilitative and recreational activities based at the spa and health resort facilities, recreational and tourist centers taking into consideration their evolution. The objective of the present article is to analyze the structure and functions of the recreation and tourist centres as well as the modes of their cooperation with the spa and health resort facilities. In other words, these structures and their functions are both the object and the subject of the present study. The methodology of the study is based on the logical analysis of the development of the recreational and tourist systems in the framework of the evolutionary approach. (1) the notions of «tourist destination» and «recreation» have been substantiated; (2) the results of the studies carried out at the Institute of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Petrozavodsk State University have been used to elaborate the affiliate international Master Degree program «Project management in the tourism industry». The main emphasis in this program is placed on the necessity and methods of the improvement of recreational activities and more efficacious utilization of the climatic factors and the health resort infrastructure as well as personnel training for the sake of improvement of services to the visitors. The analysis of various aspects of recreation and tourism development has demonstrated that the services provided by the recreational and tourist systems in cooperation with the health resort infrastructure open up new employment opportunities and thus reduce the risk of social tension. The prospects for the continuation of investigations along these lines are associated with the extension of the recreational and touristic activities over the rural and countryside localities with special reference to the trans-border interactions as well as specific features of the tourist and recreational resources of the given regions and territories.

The advantages of distance learning technologies: students’ and university lecturers’ views

The aim of the research is to analyze the results of the implementation of network education module in Physics into the bachelor education process, which is carried out with the use of distance learning technologies and e-learning platform Blackboard. In accordance with the Federal Law «On Education in the Russian Federation» at the present stage the organization of educational process for bachelors of engineering specialties of the University may be carried out through an integrated combination of traditional full-time study with the possibilities of distance learning technologies. In order to realize the benefits of such an education the authors of the article have been already using e-learning platform Blackboard for four years. On the basis of e-learning platform Blackboard a number of network educational modules with the integrated point-rating system of assessment of learning outcomes were created. In order to improve the educational process, organized with the use of distance learning technologies, and making any necessary adjustments, the students were surveyed and the results obtained in the last two years were analyzed on the basis of the course of physics. The sample was made for those students who studied the course «Mechanics and Molecular Physics» at the Mining and Geology Faculty of Petrozavodsk State University. The comparison of the survey results with objective data obtained with the help of e-learning platform tools was made. The results of the research have shown, that it was possible to organize the systematic work of students during the semester on all proposed educational activities, to provide the students with self-study opportunities in the course of the semester, to motivate students to study physics, as well as to reduce the number of underachieving on this academic discipline. The use of point-rating assessment system was highly appreciated by the students and allowed to implement personality-oriented approach to learning, which combined motivation, ability to select individual educational paths and self-esteem. The results have allowed to carry out the feedback between the subjects of innovative educational process, looking at it organization by the eyes of students and university lecturers. This has confirmed the correctness of the chosen approach to the complex organization of the educational process with the use of e-learning platform, network educational module «Mechanics and Molecular Physics» and point-rating assessment system. On the basis of the results of the responses to the questionnaire and the results of students’ work with a network educational module, designed on the Blackboard e-learning platform, necessary adjustments have been implemented into the educational process and in the proposed means of assessment. It is advisable to continue working in this direction, summarizing learning outcomes for all engineering bachelor students.

Кунстштюки арборетума Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Кунстштюки арборетума Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Cloud information system «Redactor.Online» for the create of periodic scientific-educational editions

The article presents the approaches to the creation of cloud information system for automation of business processes related to the preparation and publication of periodic scientific and educational publications (publishing). The aim of the research is the development of concepts, models, patterns, architecture of such a system, the choice of software implementation. The urgency of development based on the results of a study of existing and used in practice technologies for creating electronic versions of scientific journals and other types of scientific and educational resources. It is expected that the use of cloud-based systems will reduce the time and cost of publishing houses, as well as improve the quality of published material (for example, through the use of their interactive and multimedia elements, add comments and assessment opportunities articles and so forth.). Description is given on an example of cloud Redactor.Online system developed by small innovative enterprises of Petrozavodsk State University «Internet-business-system». As a means of implementation chosen freelydistributed products, such as PostgreSQL, PHP, Yii Framework. Logically, the cloud structure of the system is a set of components, based on common data sources and interacting with each other. The main components of the system are the basic (general) part of promo-site system, editorial offices of periodicals created in the system, media sites, mobile applications editions, complex control system as a whole. The central element of the system architecture is the editorial offices. It provides a set of features related to the preparation for release and publication of the magazine, including the management of the lifecycle of the article (step preparation of the article the author, its review, proofreading, typesetting, translation, publication, and export to external citation indexes). Available functionality of this component is determined by the role assigned to the user - the editorial staff or author. Allocate such basic roles (offices), as a author office, reviewer office, corrector office, translator office, designer office, the editor’s office. A single user can have multiple roles, and perform various functions related to the preparation of articles for publication (eg, translate, and adjust the paper). You can also specify the settings in the publication, and the role of the steps which are required and which are not needed. Using Redactor.Online system built on the basis described in this paper approaches will significantly reduce the time and costs for the implementation of business processes related to organizational activities of publication and for potential users of the system, including educational and research institutions, engaged in release electronic journals. system interfaces and subsystems allow the Internet fast enough to create the appropriate publication site and configure its design, content, access parameters, modes of operation, in accordance with the requirements of the creator.

Восточноазиатские элементы флоры в Ботаническом саду Петрозаводского государственного университета

Восточноазиатские элементы флоры в Ботаническом саду Петрозаводского государственного университета

Сообщества почвенных нематод в условиях интродукции древесных растений на территории Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Сообщества почвенных нематод в условиях интродукции древесных растений на территории Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Introduction of Interactive Teaching Methods into the Disciplines of Forest Specialities: A Case of Petrozavodsk State University

At Petrozavodsk State University, within the academic process, an experiment with students was conducted involving higher interactivity of studying in a cycle of disciplines related to organization of forest exploitation. The following disciplines were taken as basis: “Design of timber industry enterprises”, “Forest harvesting operations technology”, “Technology of reforestation works”, “Forest care”, and for each of them, examples of organization of interactive methods of teaching the students in the direction of applied bachelor's degree “Technology of forest harvesting and timber-processing production”. In order to increase the quality of education and the efficiency of implementing the interactive teaching methods, three directions were selected: development of academic process organization plans, creation of conditions for giving classes, and elaboration of new approaches to teaching taking into account the analysis of results of the experiment. The analysis of results has demonstrated that if interactive teaching methods are implemented in the academic process, the students’ level of knowledge rises, skills and abilities for independent work are consolidated, the subject of work is better understood, and the interest for independent work, participation in conferences is manifested, as well as the abilities for generating new ideas and skills of defending them, and the process of self-determination within the profession selected are activated.

Медицинскому институту ПетрГУ – 55 лет!

Медицинскому институту ПетрГУ – 55 лет!

Golubev, Alexey and Takala, Irina The Search for a Socialist El Dorado: Finnish Immigration to Soviet Karelia from the United States and Canada in the 1930s (review)

SEER, 93, 4, OCTOBER 2015 774 Golubev, Alexey and Takala, Irina. The Search for a Socialist El Dorado: Finnish Immigration to Soviet Karelia from the United States and Canada in the 1930s. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing, MI, 2014. xvii + 236 pp. Illustrations. Figures. Tables. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $29.95 (paperback). Over the last decade, scholarship on the history of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union has investigated many areas inhabited by non-Russian peoples. Baron, Breyfogle, Hirsch, Kerttula, Khalid, Martin, Sahadeo, Sunderland, Suny and many others have explored a variety of themes and regions and significantly increased our understanding of Russia and the USSR as multiethnic , multi-lingual and multi-confessional states. Yet much remains to be explored and written about this fascinating region and the people who have inhabited it. In this carefully written volume, Golubev and Takala explore the little-known history of approximately 6,500 Finnish-speaking people who travelled to Karelia, the region of north-western European Russia bordering on modern-day Finland, in search of a socialist paradise. In the space of nine chapters, these two Petrozavodsk State University historians investigate what led Finnish speakers who had previously emigrated from Finland to Canada and the United States to relocate once again, this time to build socialism. In the Karelian Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (from 1923) they joined so-called ‘Red Finns’, or left-leaning Finns who fought with or supported those trying to establish a Communist government in Finland in 1918–19. When the so-called ‘White’ government took control in Finland, many ‘Red Finns’ fled across the border into socialist-controlled Russia. As Golubev and Takala relate, these Red Finns had a significant influence on the political and economic development of Soviet Karelia throughout the 1920s and first half of the 1930s. Between 1926 and 1935, the number of Finnish speakers in Soviet Karelia jumped from 2,500 to around 15,000. In part this flow of workers to Karelian factories, farms, and forests stemmed from government policies intended to attract foreign workers and foreign capital to expand the Soviet economic base. Soviet Karelia’s Red Finn leader at the time, Edvard Gylling, advocated for attracting foreign workers in the early 1930s, prior to his removal in 1935. The Search for a Socialist El Dorado describes competing visions (from the perspectives of Moscow and Petrozavodsk) of immigration policies, and the social, financial and logistical aspects of immigration to Soviet Karelia. Golubev and Takala argue that despite the initial successes in the early 1930s, the immigration programme ultimately failed due to Soviet policies, including the Great Terror. But that failure was not initially clear. In fact, thousands of American and Canadian Finns gave up their homes, businesses and livelihoods to travel thousands of miles to take part in building socialism. As REVIEWS 775 the book’s title suggests, many were motivated by the opportunity to help build a socialist utopia and workers’ paradise. Their idealism and hope drew them to invest themselves and often everything they owned to travel to the unknown. Unfortunately for them, as Golubev and Takala document, this new land was not as welcoming as had been promised. In general, these Finnish speakers found that weak infrastructure, poor living and working conditions, and limited food (in both quantity and quality) challenged their commitment to a socialist utopia. Most North American Finns did have access to special stores and better food than the local Karelian and Russian people, but nevertheless suffered substantially for the first few years. Despite these challenges, North American Finns made notable contributions to education, literature, theatre, music, dance and even sports in their region. Golubev and Takala describe in great detail the debates about language policy, with Finnish being given higher status than Karelian for several years. They also devote a chapter to the challenges of cross-cultural communication before describing the tragic end of many American and Canadian Finns in the Great Terror and World War Two. At least 739 North American Finns perished between 1937 and 1938, according to these authors, who provide significant detail on several victims and a timeline of arrests and deaths. They also assess World War Two and its impact...

WORLDVIEW APPROACH: THE BASIS FOR THE INTEGRATION OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION

The article analyses the processes of transformation that have taken place over the past decade in environmental education; it also contains philosophical views and ideas on the problem of human interaction with nature. The article underlines necessity of developing a new mindset for the successful existence of humans and the environment in a changing world. The National Park "Vodlozersky" provides environmental education for the local population and visitors to the park. Worldview concept of V.S. Stepin is accepted as a foundation of environmental education in the park, which based on prognostic features of philosophical knowledge in the evolving culture of the society. This concept states that any change in the cultural life of the society determines the changes in relationships with the environment. The cultural life of the inhabitants of Vodlozerie has always been connected with nature. Old traditions as relict programs continue existing in the park. Involvement of youth in various activities for the conservation of nature and traditions of the region acted as a basis for the development of several forms for the future modern program that will ensure reproduction of the variety of activities that are vital for the population with its peculiarities and which are demanded nowadays. Environmental education is carried out in several directions: • Family, morals and manners of the population living in the park. As a rule, these are situational activities, which are based on household customs and traditions that are used by adults; children also get acquainted with them in the course of life and assimilate observed actions or words; • Implementation of the system of the work of the staff of the park's environmental department, who together with the teachers and school staff in the Kuganavolok House of Culture (the main town of the park) maintain and develop traditions of the region, organizing thematic festivals, summer natural and cultural expeditions, trips with children, etc. Festival "Otzhinaha" is very popular among the population. In terms of importance it serves as a "bridge" between the old traditions of the population of Vodlozero and their modern life; • Work with the creative teams. Folk Band "Toive" of Petrozavodsk State University and the expeditions of students of St. Petersburg State Art and Industry Academy named after A.L. Stieglitz became part of the cultural life of Vodlozero Park. Many years of creative activity of these groups in the park are regarded as one of the trends of contemporary sub cultural program, which is capable to ensure the reproduction of forms and kinds of life-sustaining activities of the population of the region under modern circumstances, maintaining its specificity. In this context, we can speak about the phenomenon of sublimation of past traditions of Vodlozerie population and their transition to a new level with the help of modern forms - art objects, representing nature and the world by various means from the standpoint of the real spiritual inner world of youth demanded nowadays. The interaction of art and environmental activities of youth groups, art groups and individuals involved in communication, preservation and promotion of the park, nature, as well as its cultural heritage, act as the foundation for the development of modern programs, reproducing new activities of the park population. Key words: cultural life, ecological education, environmental education.

Новые патенты россиской федерации на полезные модели петрозаводского университета для лесного сектора экономики

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"Садовая дорожка – путь к здоровью" – новый познавательно-оздоровительный маршрут на территории Ботанического сада Петрозаводского госуниверситета

"Садовая дорожка – путь к здоровью" – новый познавательно-оздоровительный маршрут на территории Ботанического сада Петрозаводского госуниверситета

Экспозиции Ботанического сада ПетрГУ: «Круглый сад»

Экспозиции Ботанического сада ПетрГУ: «Круглый сад»