Petrozavodsk State University Research Articles

Дополнения к микобиоте Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Дополнения к микобиоте Ботанического сада Петрозаводского государственного университета

Dynamics of the isoenzyme composition of peroxidase and pigments in the needles of the introduced species of Picea (L.) Karst. in the taiga zone (Karelia)

The study was conducted at the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (middle taiga sub-zone). The subjects of the study were an indigenous species (P. abies (L.) Karst.), and five introduced species (P. pungens Engelm. f. glauca Regel., P. pungens Engelm. f. viridis Regel., P. glauca (Mill.) Britt., P. omorica (Pane) Purk., P. mariana Britt., P. obovata Ledeb.). The study established high variability of the isoperoxidase spectrum in the Picea species needles during the circannual cycle. Molecular forms of peroxidase typical for growth and dormant periods were determined. Some Picea species were found to have isoenzymes appearing only during the deep dormant period. An increase in the heterogeneity of the needles isoperoxidase spectrum and appearance of molecular forms of the enzyme typical for the dormant period were observed in the indigenous and introduced Picea species in the course of adaptation to unfavorable winter conditions. The isoenzyme system rearrangement ensures plants tolerance to external factors and homeostasis regulation. The content of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the needles of the studied species undergoes significant seasonal changes and is largely determined by their biological characteristics. Pigments concentration naturally increases by the end of the vegetative period and decreases slightly in winter. The total number of pigments in the needles of the indigenous and introduced species is almost the same, indicating a similar rate of stock formation. By the dormant period, the ratio of chlorophylls to carotenoids increases and reaches approximately the same level in all Picea species. The Picea species introduced in Karelia adapt to low winter temperatures with the same physiological changes as the indigenous ones. These include changes in the isoenzyme composition of peroxidase, the dynamics of the pigments content in the needles, and the ratio of chlorophylls to carotenoids. Potential tolerance of the studied plant species to unfavorable environmental factors is affected by the extreme factor of tension that does not exceed the threshold value.

ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СРЕДА ВУЗА В СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНОЙ АДАПТАЦИИ ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ

For the first time, the article theoretically justifies the system of sociocultural adaptation of foreign students in higher school educational environment. The author describes forms of work with foreign students implemented by the teachers of the Department of Russian as a Foreign Language, ambassadors of the Russian language and volunteers in innovation parks and within the linguistic project “International Agency ‘Slovo’ (Word)” in Petrozavodsk State University. The developed series of public events allows foreign students to adapt successfully to new educational environment.

Assessment of deciduous trees introduction prospect in the taiga zone (Karelia)

The article aimed at assessing introduction prospect for 32 species of the genera Acer L., Betula L., Fraxinus L., Padus Mill., Syringa L. and Sorbus L. at the Botanical Gardens of Petrozavodsk State University (Southern Karelia, central taiga subzone). The degree of introduction prospect was assessed with the use of the integral assessment method by P. I. Lapin and S. V. Sidneva. Such indicators as annual maturing of shoots, regular growth of axial shoots, winter hardiness of plants, habit preservation, shoot-forming capability, generative reproduction capability, capability to reproduce in plantation were taken into account. It was found that Acer ginnala, Acer platanoides, Betula platyphylla, Betula ulmifolia, Fraxinus excelsior, Padus virginiana, Padus pensylvanica, Padus maackii, Syringa vulgaris, Syringa pubescens, Syringa emodi, Syringa × henryi, Syringa josikaea, Syringa villosa, Syringa vulgaris var. Congo, Sorbus decora, Sorbus virginianis and Sorbus аmericana have the highest prospect rates (80–100 points), the other studied species – fairly high prospect rates (56–79 points). All the studied introduced species of deciduous trees can be successfully used in Karelia for gardening and landscaping purposes. Acer platanoides, Betula platyphylla, Fraxinus excelsior, Padus pensylvanica, Padus maackii, Syringa vulgaris и Sorbus decora show the highest degree of introduction prospect (about100 points).

A University Foreign Language Curriculum for Pre-Service Non-Language Subject Teacher Education

The article focuses on the problems of teaching foreign languages (FL) to pre-service subject (other than foreign languages) teachers and highlights their possible solutions. A sustained discontent of both university teachers and students with the outcomes of FL classes gave impetus for a systematic, detailed study of the university FL education of the target group of learners. There was an acute need to develop well-grounded guidelines for the related course objectives, its content and adequate techniques intended for the target group of learners. The authors claim that the generally accepted English for Specific Purposes (ESP) or Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) models of university FL education cannot be applied in this context for a number of reasons. A limited amount of classroom time, lack of updated teaching materials, mixed-ability classrooms, and unclear perspectives of the future application of the FL skills made the study urgent. Therefore, the teachers of the English Language Department of the Petrozavodsk State University (Russia) developed a project that is described in the article; 152 students and six teachers participated in its implementation. The objective of the project was to introduce reasonable changes into the approaches, the aims, the content, and the techniques for rational and effective FL teaching and learning in this context. The authors identified priorities of the university FL education in line with the context and the target learner characteristics. The article presents arguments in favor of the introduced changes, describes the phases of the project work, and gives details of all the constituents of the proposed curriculum. Based on the outcomes of the project, the authors conclude that it is necessary to undertake further research steps in this direction.

Three-dimensional stacking IC packaging technology for NAND-flash memory

The article presents the technology of three-dimensional multi-chip packaging and testing of NAND memory module implemented at GS Nanotech in collaboration with Petrozavodsk State University. The main technological operations and quality management methods at each stage of memory modules manufacture are described. These memory modules can be used for solid-state drives production.

Комплексный подход к обучению тестированию программного обеспечения в образовательном процессе ПетрГУ

The article contains information on the organization of training of specialists in the field of information technology at Petrozavodsk State University and the tools used to do this in one of the fundamental stages of software development, i.e. testing. Three stages are described: familiarity with testing technology (1 course, undergraduate), testing as a development stage of a team project (3 courses, undergraduate) and organization of the testing process (2 courses graduate). For each stage a set of tools is considered, which are used in the educational process. Training in stages is built from the simple use of tools to controling the testing process in the development team.

Изучение мотивации обучения студентов института физической культуры и спорта Петрозаводского государственного университета

Изучение мотивации обучения студентов института физической культуры и спорта Петрозаводского государственного университета

Advantages of authentic assessment over traditional assessment while teaching English to university students majoring in non-linguistic subjects

The paper analyzes existing approaches to assessing the results of teaching foreign languages to the university students majoring in non-linguistic subjects with a special focus on the advantages of authentic assessment. The authors stress the state-level need to develop and implement effective assessment tools for ESL university teaching, and substantiate the effectiveness of authentic assessment for increasing students motivation to learn English. They identify advantages of authentic assessment, including a possibility to track individual students learning progress, to effectively use peer assessment and self-assessment, to focus on students performance indicators, to create a success effect, and to present actual teaching and learning results or personal development achievements in the form of presentations, projects and other tangible accomplishments. The paper describes a unified system of control, assessment and evaluation of ESL teaching and learning results, developed by Foreign Languages for Students of Humanities Department at Petrozavodsk State University (Russia) for modeling a foreign-language environment and enhancing students language socialization. The authors give a detailed account of establishing procedures for the assessment of speaking and writing skills, and analyze a didactic potential of a foreign language portfolio as one of authentic assessment tools. They come to the conclusion that peer assessment, self-assessment and other authentic assessment methods help to shift the focus from teaching to learning and create optimal conditions for student-centered education process.

Knowledge Base Creation and its Use for Teaching Food Security Disciplines to University Students and Postgraduates

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the training of specialists (especially undergraduates and PhDs) in any subject field requires deep knowledge in a wide range of generalized information obtained from various sources and represented in the easily perceived visual form. In this regard, this article aims at achieving the aim of examining the basics of information structuring and its presentation in the form of knowledge base when teaching university students and postgraduates the methods and technologies of food security when representing food safety foundations. Petrozavodsk State University gained a unique experience in creating the knowledge base for teaching students and postgraduates under the programs 35.03.01 Forestry, 06.06.01 Biological Sciences, 20.03.01 Technosphere Security in the methods and technologies of food enrichment from the perspective of food security. The knowledge base was created based on the information collected by means of an elaborate data search in literature sources, academic theses, regulatory and patent documents published in Russia and the most advanced countries in the field of food enrichment. Knowledge base represents systemized knowledge intended to teach university undergraduates and postgraduates food enrichment methods and technologies. The knowledge base in the area concerned is growing and will be used for the development of new patentable solutions.

Development of introduced species Malus Mill. (Rosaceae Adans.) in South Karelia

This study contains findings of research carried out at the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (South Karelia, central taiga subzone) in April – October in the period from 1986 to 2012. The subjects of the studies were introduced plants of three species of Malus Mill.: dwarf apple – Malusbaccata (L.) Borkh., wild apple – Malussylvestris Mill., and Niedzwetzky’s apple – Malusniedzwetzkyana Dieck. ex Koehne. Phenological observations were carried out once in 3 days by the N. Bulygin technique (1979). The phenophase was considered to have occurred if it was observed in at least 30% of the shoots of all specimens of the species under study. All samples were checked for compliance with the normal probability law. The correlation coefficients and differences between the mean values ​​were verified to determine their reliability. Elementary statistics obtained demonstrate, among other things, that the experiment’s accuracy rate is fairly high (4–6%), while the variation coefficient is small (18–22%). It was found that M.baccata trees begin and end most of their phenophases approximately 5–10 days earlier than the other studied species. Furthermore, in the beginning and middle of the growing period, phonological phases of M.baccata proceed at colder weather compared to the other studied Malus species. At the end of the growing period, these differences among the species level off. Of all the studied climatic factors, air temperature has the most measurable positive influence on the development of Malus species in Karelia. Daily average air humidity and precipitation have a less prominent influence on еру phenophases of the studied Malus species. The course and strength of such influence depend on the peculiarities of the phenophase itself. All the studied introduced Malus species show a high degree of introduction prospect (82−93 points) and can be successfully used in Karelia for gardening and landscaping purposes.

Рец. на кн.: Гербарий Петрозаводского государственного университета: история, коллекционный фонд, коллекторы, использование в научной и педагогической деятельности

Рец. на кн.: Гербарий Петрозаводского государственного университета: история, коллекционный фонд, коллекторы, использование в научной и педагогической деятельности

Motor-cognitive Functions in Parkinson’s Disease Patients across the Program of "Dry" Immersion: a Pilot Study

Motor-cognitive Functions in Parkinson’s Disease Patients across the Program of "Dry" Immersion: a Pilot Study

Time- and Frequency-domain Parameters of Heart Rate Variability and Blood Pressure in Parkinson’s disease Patients under Dry Immersion

Time- and Frequency-domain Parameters of Heart Rate Variability and Blood Pressure in Parkinson’s disease Patients under Dry Immersion

INTERACTION OF ALL FORMS OF LIFELONG LEARNING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF PETROZAVODSK STATE UNIVERSITY)

The article considers formal, non-formal and informal types of education in integrity due to the development and interaction of all forms of lifelong learning. The official documents that formalize the terms of formal, non-formal and informal education are reviewed. Moreover the article reveals the impact of the informal education as the least studied on the motivation to lifelong learning and on the developing a holistic view of the world when cultural and educational components are top-priority. The article analyzes the immanent functions of the lifelong learning forms which are understood widely as a part of the nation cultural code and accompany a person throughout his/her life. The relevant situation with lifelong learning forms having been introduced at the Petrozavodsk State University (PetrSU) is presented. The pedagogical research conducted by the authors with PetrSU students is described.The study methods were opinion polls and a questionnaire survey. The research results reveal the synergy of informal and formal (professional) education and their interconnection and mutually stimulation. Thus, the interaction of the three lifelong learning forms is the necessary integrated basis for updating a modern student research and educational potential. A modern student creative potential in many respects depends on the involvement degree into the educational process presented with all forms of lifelong learning.To obtain a qualitatively new level of educational process and move to a result-oriented educational model teachers and students should be highly motivated. The higher level of motivation could be achieved through the informal component of lifelong learning.

Практика реализации инклюзивных программ по физической культуре на примере центра адаптивной физической культуры Петрозаводского государственного университета

Практика реализации инклюзивных программ по физической культуре на примере центра адаптивной физической культуры Петрозаводского государственного университета

SEARCH-BASED ALGORITHM FOR PRACTICE-ORIENTED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS ON THE BASIS OF PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS

The article presents main ideas of forming competence - based practice - oriented educational program. Peculiar features of this method is in broad use of actualized information from open Internet sources. Special algorithms for automated search and formation of professions and employers lists based on analysis of professional standards were developed. This method is universal and can be applied to designing and altering educational programs at the universities. In the process of implementing algorithms for searching, processing and selecting information authors formed lists of professional standards for professional activity types, professions according to the Russian classificatory of professions for workers and office workers, employers organizations and position types which can be useful for university employment centers, as well as teaching and methodic departments and educational institutions managers in organizing their everyday activities. Conducted analysis of vacancies presented by employers from the obtained list allowed for forming the list of requirements (competencies) for potential employees. Research results formed the basis of designing bachelor program in the specialization «Mechatronics and robotics», practical orientation of which should facilitate employment of Petrozavodsk State University graduates at the companies situated in Karelia Republic and North - Western Federal District and meet personnel needs of these companies by means of providing them with specialists with required competencies.

FLAGSHIP UNIVERSITY ROLE IN PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PRACTICES

The case presented in the article describes the experience of organizing and functioning of initiative groups from Petrozavodsk State University conducting research in the field of public and administrative communication. This experience was accompanied with expert activities and organizing dialogue involving university representatives and public and administrative institutions of the region in the context of tasks determined by the status of pillar university. The aim of the article is to define possible forms of university community influence on forming public agenda in the region in the context of pillar university development asks based on the description of social involvement parameters of university initiative groups created in 2015-2017. Because of obtaining the status of pillar university in 2017 PetSU focused the main vector of university development on solving the tasks of forming innovation infrastructure and organizational design which suggests implementation of renewed mission and strengthening the social role of the university in the region. Alongside with actualization of university interaction with main stakeholders ensuring stable regional development existing practices of university public participation in intersectoral interaction system also play an important role. Many of them result from implementing strategic development program «University complex of PetSU in academic and educational space of European North: innovation development strategy» (2012-2016 гг.). Since 2015 within this program several initiative projects on studying public and administrative interaction in Republic of Kareliya were conducted. Peculiar features of organizing and implementing these projects are analyzed in this article. The results of project activities were used as the basis for forming overall interaction system for initiative groups’ members and external partners, authorities and republic administration, public consulting structures and public organizations. Practical use of experience in organizing interdisciplinary teams and results of initiative projects are reviewed in the discourse of university third mission. The forms of social involvement presented in this case can be used in constructing interaction between pillar university with main actors participating in the process of regional development management. Project materials are analyzed with the help of such methods as event - analysis, comparison, structural and functional analysis in the framework of «case-study» research strategy. Case review is preceded by literature review on the topic of university social role. Original nature of this article is in the analysis of pillar university participation in the system of communication between public and administration. Use of experience allowing for defining social partnership patterns in the process of forming regional agenda demonstrates opportunities which are initially seen in intersectoral dialogue at the local level in the context of solving individual tasks. Multiplication of interaction cases gives cumulative effect which reveals new opportunities of university influence on the state of regional public sphere. Presented information can have practical implementation in renewing forms of social involvement as an integral part of the third mission. Generalization of existing social partnership practices is important for organizing interaction with regional society on a higher level of pillar university development management.

Возможности использования семантических информационных сервисов в музейном деле (на примере Музея истории ПетрГУ)

<p>В статье представлен авторский подход к развитию Музея истории Петрозаводского государственного университета на основе такого вида цифровых услуг для посетителей и музейных работников, как семантические информационные сервисы. Мотивом к реализации семантических сервисов в деятельности музея стала необходимость контекстного поиска информации в музейном фонде, а также использования потенциала посетителей в пополнении фонда ранее не задействованной в экспозиции информацией и новыми экспонатами, в том числе в электронном виде. </p><p>Предложены сценарии использования сервисов, показывающие, какую информационную поддержку можно обеспечить в музее для: 1) отбора экспонатов для новых экспозиций, 2) персонализированного предоставления информации об экспонатах посетителю, 3) получения от посетителей музея новой информации о хранимых музейных экспонатах, 4) пополнения фонда музея за счет новых экспонатов в электронном виде, полученных от посетителей.</p><p>Основой предлагаемых сервисов является создаваемая в музее семантическая сеть, объединяющая как сами экспонаты музейного фонда, так и иные информационные объекты, связанные с конкретными экспонатами и историей университета и образования в целом. Особым вниманием при создании онтологии семантической сети пользуются у авторов информационные объекты, связанные с повседневной жизнью университетского сообщества.</p><p>Представленный подход может быть интересен не только музейным работникам, но и профессиональным исследователям, заинтересованным в получении и изучении новых фактов из истории повседневной жизни образовательно-научной организации. <strong></strong></p>

The functional aspect of assessing the language for specific purposes at Law Departments

The paper analyzes an evaluation system of law students LSP level that is developed and introduced by the author in Petrozavodsk State University. The development of such an evaluation system is determined by the necessity of making the assessment of law students foreign language competence more systematic, objective, communicative, individualized, covering all language skills, less stressful and including self-evaluation. The paper draws attention to the functional aspect of the evaluation system as the functions of the assessment are responsible for the correct arrangement of testing, evaluation impact on the learning process, students motivation, grading and skills development by means of testing procedures. The author visually presents the application of the assessment functions at different stages of the learning process and their role in entry, formative, progress achievement and summative assessment. The paper also examines other aspects of the evaluation system aims, developed skills and evaluation criteria.