Sentence Patterns Research Articles

Students’ Writing Anxiety in Learning English as a Foreign Language

This research aimed to investigate the writing anxiety experienced by eleventh-grade students in learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Bali. By conducting a quantitative research method, this research involved 76 students as the participant of the study. The research employed an adapted questionnaire from Cheng (2004), consisting of 27 designed statements. The result revealed that many students face challenges with writing anxiety in English. The findings showed that linguistic challenges, such as concerns about using expressions and sentence patterns incorrectly, and time constraints like feeling stressed under time pressure, significantly contribute to writing anxiety. Additionally, the positive aspect of the study demonstrated that students actively work to minimize mistakes in their writing, emphasizing the importance of accuracy in managing writing anxiety which may imply the motivation to learn English.

A Syntactic Analysis Of The Basic Sentence Patterns In Ile Ape Dialect Of Lamaholot Language

This research examines how many basic sentence patterns there are in Ile Ape Dialect of Lamaholot Language, and what are the basic sentence patterns in Ile Ape Dialect of Lamaholot Language. The writer employed descriptive qualitative method to analyze and describe the data in this research. The data source of this research is the native speakers of Lamaholot Language, especially for Ile Ape Dialect. In this research, the writer used two research instruments to support the process of data collection they are, interview guidelines and recording device (smartphone). The data collection techniques applied in this research consist of three (3) techniques, including audio-recording, written documents collection, and elicitation. In order to analyze the data collected, the writer used technique of transcription, sentence translation, sentence selection, sentence analysis, and data description. The result of this research shows that, there are five (5) basic sentence patterns in Ile Ape Dialect of Lamaholot Language, they are: Pattern I: Subject + Verb (S + V); Pattern II: Subject + Verb + Object (S + V + O); Pattern III: Subject + Verb + Direct Object + Indirect Object (S + V + IO + DO); Pattern IV: Subject + Verb + Object + Object Complement (S + V + O + OC); and Pattern V: Subject + Subject Complement (S + SC).

문학작품을 토대로 한 부정어 동반 There 존재구문 연구 및 교육방안 제시

This study examines the primary function of the ‘There + be(with negatives) structure’ in English, asserting its role in emphasizing the non-existence of a noun in a sentence. Analysis of this structure alongside ‘be(with negatives)’ in literary works such as Black Beauty by Anna Swell, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, and the Korean-English translated literature The Vegetarian, translated by Deborah Smith, is conducted. A survey involving three English teachers from Korea and five English native speakers aimed to uncover disparities in perception of these sentence patterns. Findings indicate a minimal occurrence of ‘be(with negatives) sentences’ without ‘there,’ with the ‘be’ verb primarily complementing prepositional phrases rather than emphasizing the absence of a noun. The survey underscores the importance of negative words in determining the appropriate usage of existential sentences, suggesting their pivotal role in ensuring accuracy and contextual appropriateness. While supporting the initial hypothesis, further research with larger sample sizes and rigorous statistical analysis is deemed necessary for conclusive confirmation.

The Challenges of Changing Active to Passive Voice Towards the Third Grade Students of Muhammadiyah Tangerang University

Grammar seems to be an unavoidable challenge for most learners, especially when it comes to acquiring Active to Passive Voice. Active sentences are sentence patterns where the subject does work, and passive sentences are sentence patterns where the subject accepts work. This is a difficult time for English Education students at Muhammadiyah University, Tangerang. The purpose of this research is to find out students' challenges in learning Active to Passive Voice and how they deal with these problems. The selected participants were 12 students from the Intermediate English Grammar Class of 2022. The research method used was qualitative. Data collection was carried out through tests and interviews. The data shows that students have three major difficulties in changing Active to Passive Voice such as placing subjects and objects, using auxiliary verbs, and determining past participles. In addition, two strategies are used by students to overcome learning obstacles. Through understanding formulas to help them master active and passive learning and doing a lot of active and passive exercises to help them better understand the active and passive material.

초등학생의 읽기유창성과 언어능력과의 관계

Objectives This study aimed to explore the connections between language skills (vocabulary, syntactic ability, expressive sentence pattern production) and reading fluency in elementary school students. Methods The research involved 51 children from grades 1 to 6 in elementary schools across Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungcheong. Various tools, such as the text reading fluency test, receptive vocabulary test, and syntatic comprehension test, were utilized. Additionally, tasks evaluating written and spoken expressive sentence patterns were carried out through a fill-in-the-blank test and a discourse completion task. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze performance across different grade levels (low, middle, and high), examining significant differences between the groups. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between each variable, and multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing reading fluency. Results The study revealed variations in reading fluency and language skills (vocabulary, syntactic ability, scores on written tasks assessing expressive sentence patterns, and the number of expressive sentence types in oral tasks) among different grades. Correlation analysis indicated that scores on written tasks assessing expressive sentence patterns, receptive vocabulary, and the number of expressive sentence types in spoken tasks were correlated with reading fluency. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the explanatory power of linguistic variables on reading fluency was 51.9%. Conclusions In this study, we identified linguistic variables that are correlated with reading fluency in school-age children. Specifically, we found that the ability to produce expressive sentences was correlated with reading fluency. The results of this study suggest new implications for future reading fluency interventions.

A Comparative Study of the English Versions of A Little Incident from the Perspective of Translator’s Subjectivity

In translation practice, the translator is not only one of the main subjects, but an indispensable factor. The translator’s subjectivity is mainly concerned with the translator’s subjective consciousness, which actually includes two aspects: the translator’s understanding of the original text and the choice of the target language in the translation process. Under the guidance of this theory, translation studies have shifted from the author-centered to the translator-centered, and scholars have turned their attention to the study of the translator’s subjectivity. From the perspective of translator’s subjectivity, this paper will make a comparative study of several versions. Combining the three characteristics of translator’s subjectivity, this paper studies the language style, cultural understanding and subjective initiative of different translators in different translations of A Little Incident, so as to bring readers aesthetic reading experience and feelings. In addition, the author will analyze the translation strategies, words and sentence patterns, such as positive and negative translation, addition translation and reduction translation, in order to show how the translator chooses the appropriate diction, then to the original understanding, perception, comprehensive use of close reading, analysis, interpretation, to achieve the credibility and elegance, to meet the ideological needs of readers. In a word, the translator should give full play to the translator’s subjectivity and make his own contribution to spreading Chinese culture and civilization on the premise of respecting the original text and author.

Exploration of vocational high school students experiencing difficulty in cloze test performances: a mixed-methods study in Taiwan

This study addressed a gap in existing research on Multiple-Choice (MC) cloze tests by focusing on the learners’ perspective, specifically examining the difficulties faced by vocational high school students (VHSs). A nationwide sample of 293 VHSs participated, providing both quantitative and qualitative data through a self-developed questionnaire. The results revealed that vocabulary and grammar posed the greatest challenges in the MC cloze test, while sentence patterns were perceived as the least difficult by VHSs. Factors contributing to these difficulties included the need for increased focus on vocabulary and grammar learning. Some participants attributed challenges to personal perceptions of intellectual capability, while others highlighted the influential role of teachers’ attitudes on their learning motivations and outcomes. The study suggested implications for test designs and teaching approaches. Despite these contributions, the study acknowledged limitations and offered suggestions for future research directions.

Characterizing Developers' Linguistic Behaviors in Open Source Development across Their Social Statuses

Open Source Software (OSS) development has attracted numerous developers. As a typical complex sociotechnical system, an OSS project often forms a hierarchical social structure where a few developers are elite while the rest are non-elite. Differences in social status may result in distinct language use behaviors in interpersonal communication. Characterizing such behaviors is critical for supporting efficient and effective communication among developers with different social statuses. This study empirically compared elite and non-elite developers' language behaviors in their communication. We compiled a corpus of - 216,000 discourses collected from 20 large projects on GitHub. We investigated the linguistic differences in three aspects, namely, linguistic styles and characters, main concerns, and sentence patterns. Our findings reveal that elite and non-elite developers showed different linguistic patterns and had different concerns in their discourses. Their discourses also reflect the variation of the main focuses in the development process. Furthermore, elite and non-elite developers exhibited noticeable patterns in their linguistic behaviors in accordance with their roles and corresponding divisions of labor in the production process, no matter which semantic contexts. These findings provide implications for supporting communication that crosses social statuses in OSS development.

Aspect-level sentiment classification with aspect-opinion sentence pattern connection graph convolutional networks

Aspect-level sentiment classification with aspect-opinion sentence pattern connection graph convolutional networks

Perbedaan Frasa dalam Bahasa Al-Qur'an dan Bahasa Arab

This research aims to analyze the differences in phrases between the Koran and Arabic in linguistic and literary contexts. The method used is a comparative analysis of phrase structures in the two languages, by reviewing aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The research results show that although the Koranic language has the same roots as Arabic, its use has its own characteristics that reflect the beauty and excellence of the Koranic literature. There are 17 differences found between these two languages including the use of words, sentence patterns and language conventions that are unique to the language of the Koran. It is hoped that this research will provide a deeper understanding of the language of the Koran as well as contribute to the study of Arabic linguistics and literature in general.

The impact of native language utilization on sentence structure and pattern learning

This study aimed to investigate the effect of utilizing learners' native language in the process of learning sentence structural slots and patterns. The sample consisted of 50 college students enrolled in the first level of an English Translation program. They study linguistic courses to enhance their English proficiency. The study employed two tests: a pre-test conducted after the explanation of sentence structures and patterns, and a post-test conducted after incorporating the use of the students' native language during the explanation process. The findings of the study revealed a significant impact of translation on the overall performance of the students. The utilization of the native language demonstrated a substantial effect on sentences with optional slots and simple slots. However, the effect was comparatively lower for sentences with compound slots. The results suggest that incorporating the learners' native language in the learning process can enhance their understanding and acquisition of sentence structures and patterns. This finding aligns with the notion that utilizing familiar linguistic resources can facilitate comprehension and retention of new language concepts (Omidire and Ayob, 2020). The implications of this study highlight the potential benefits of incorporating translation techniques in language instruction.

A Preliminary Study of '把' Sentences in Modern Chinese and Analysis of Errors in Acquiring '把' Sentences by Students of Chinese Language Major at Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade

This paper provides an overview of a study conducted on the "把" sentence pattern in modern Chinese by Vietnamese learners. It highlights the importance of understanding this sentence pattern and notes the significant research conducted on the topic. The study utilized various research methods, such as documentary analysis and statistical comparison, to explore the acquisition of "把" sentences. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among college students majoring in Chinese language. By identifying common errors made by learners and providing suggestions for improvement, this study aims to assist the 11DHTQ students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade in acquiring the correct usage of "把" sentences.

Taking Taiwan to the world: A flipped classroom approach to teaching English in Taiwanese and digital contexts

To counter traditional teacher-centered classes, Taiwanese educators are advancing innovative methods of teaching English. This study compared a control group with an experimental group that experienced a flipped classroom approach, using digital content and in-class activities. The content for both groups included pronunciation, vocabulary, and sentence patterns, in addition to a major project, Taking Taiwan to the World, which used the Postcrossing web app. The results were statistically significant, demonstrating that the flipped classroom reduced learning anxiety, while increasing learning interest and effectiveness, as well as overall higher academic achievement.

The prosecutor gender gap in Texas death penalty cases

AbstractObjectiveWe examine the degree to which sentencing patterns in Texas capital cases vary by the gender of the prosecutor. In so doing, we explore the possibility that a factor unrelated to the crime influences whether the death penalty is sought and whether it is imposed.MethodsAcross more than 14,000 capital cases prosecuted in Texas between 1978 and 2018, we use bivariate data and logistic regression to explore the relationship between prosecutor gender and the sentences sought and imposed in capital cases. We control for various details of the crime, victim and defendant demographics, and political variables.ResultsBivariate data reveal that women district attorneys pursued fewer death sentences and ultimately produced fewer death sentences than men. A logistic regression estimates capital case defendants were over 30 percent more likely to be sentenced to death if they faced a male district attorney than a female district attorney.ConclusionThe difference in death penalty imposition based on prosecutor gender is consistent with a theory of masculine focal concerns which suggests differences in the sentencing decision‐making processes of women and men. The results contribute to a growing collection of evidence showing that death penalty cases are affected by factors other than the severity of the crime and the culpability of the defendant, suggesting that case outcomes are subject to “arbitrary” influences that the courts have otherwise deemed suspect and potentially unacceptable.

Penggunaan Metode Audiolingual dalam Maharah Istima' di MTs. KH. Hasyim Asy’ari Malang

The research conducted by this researcher aims to find out 1) The use of the audiolingual method in maharah istima' at MTs. KH. Hasyim Asy'ari Malang 2) The steps of using the audiolingual method 3) The technique of using the audiolingual method 4) The advantages and disadvantages of the audiolingual method. The method used in this research is qualitative with research instruments in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. As a result, 1) the use of the audiolingual method for listening skill aims so that students are able to understand speaker's speech correctly and well without feeling difficult 2) The steps for using the Audiolingual Method include presenting dialogue texts, students memorizing dialogues, presenting sentence patterns in dialogue, dramatize the dialogue, and the teacher asks students to compose sentences according to the sentence patterns in the dialogue 3) The technique used in the use of this method is listening to dialogue, memorizing dialogue, dictation, and connecting words 4) The advantage of this method is that students become proficient in forming patterns. sentences, have good and correct pronunciation, be active in dialogue, gain direct language experience while the drawback is that students tend to copy or imitate because they pay less attention to when learning takes place

Analysis of Sentence Types Production and Speech Disorders Characteristics in Wernicke’s Aphasia Sufferer

Wernicke's aphasia is a speech disorder with speech that is quite fluent but has a meaning that does not make sense. Many utterances are just the contents of the sufferer's thoughts. This analysis focuses on the characteristics of sentence production and speech disorders in individuals with Wernicke's aphasia. Individuals with Wernicke's aphasia suffer from a language disorder that affects their ability to communicate effectively. Their speech is typically fluent but nonsensical, and they may struggle to find the right words or understand what is being said to them. They may also make errors in their speech and be unaware of these mistakes, which can make communication even more challenging. Additionally, their sentence structure, grammar, and syntax can be compromised, leading to structurally deficient sentences. Limited use of functional words, the presence of neologisms, and perseveration contribute to the incoherence of their speech. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance communication for individuals with Wernicke's aphasia. The results of this research found that there are 7 types of sentence patterns, 5 types of sentences based on their function and structure, and 4 characteristics of speech disorders that appear in the utterances expressed by Byron.

The Application of Mother Tongue Transfer Theory to English Syntactic Teaching in Primary School

This paper reports an empirical study on the sixth-grade students' mastery of English syntax in primary schools, and the influence of mother tongue transfer theory to English syntactic teaching in primary schools. The subjects are 98 sixth-grade students in S Experimental Primary School and the instruments adopted included a questionnaire survey and sentence pattern tests. Detailed analysis of both the qualitative and quantitative data has yield the finding as follow: 1) Grade 6 students have mastered five basic English sentence patterns and some complex sentence structures; 2)The majority of students learn English by acquiring their mother tongue; 3) Mother tongue transfer theory can help students to complete the dialogue accurately with corresponding syntax in class, thus improving the efficiency of English syntax teaching in primary schools.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI TEKNIK EGRU PADA SISWA KELAS X SMK NEGERI 1 ENDE

This research aims to improve students' writing skills and improve mastery of sentence patterns and vocabulary in learning English and improve students' writing learning outcomes, especially in class X of SMK Negeri 1 Ende, Mautapaga Village, East Ende District, Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The subjects of this research were 39 students of class X- SMK Negeri 1 Ende. This research was carried out in three cycles, namely cycle I presented short message texts with the topic "Announcement", while cycles II and III presented descriptive texts with the topic "Description of people or things". In both cycles using the EGRU-based Literacy learning model, the results of data analysis showed that the average writing test score in cycle I was 65.38, the average writing test score in cycle II was 70.83 and in cycle III was 74.84. In cycle I there were 56.41% of students classified as active and very active, in cycle II there were 97.44% of students classified as active and very active, while in cycle III all students appeared active. Based on the student response questionnaire, out of 39 people, 36 people stated that they agreed to use EGRU in learning English, especially writing. Based on this classroom action research, EGRU has a big influence on students' writing activities, skills and learning outcomes. Therefore, it is hoped that similar teachers will use EGRU with a literacy approach in learning English, especially writing.

MALAY OF KUALUH WORD ORDER IN LABUHANBATU UTARA: A STUDY OF SYNTACTIC TYPOLOGY

The word order in the Kualuh Malay language spoken in North Labuhanbatu is the subject of this research, which aims to investigate it. Study In this research, the qualitative research method was utilized. Data for this study came primarily from interviews and participants' own experiences. The clauses or sentences that were discovered in the folklore served as the research's primary source of data. The studies of Miles and Huberman were utilized in order to make sense of the data. The process of assessing the research involved several stages, including data reduction, data display, and extracting conclusions from the data and verifying them. It is possible to draw the conclusion based on the findings of the research that the structure of the sentence patterns used in the Kualuh Malay language spoken in North Labuhanbatu contains VSO, SVO, OSV, VOS, OVS SV, VO, and OV. The word order pattern that should be followed in the declarative clause of a declarative sentence is SC, SVO, OVS. The word order pattern of the clause in this section is V-O and O-V, and it is vital that this pattern be followed. In an interrogative sentence, SV, SVO, VOS, and OSV can be used with nasal-affixed verbs or without them.

Music Rhythmic Cueing for the Production of Non-native Speech Rhythm: Evidence from Chinese Learners of French.

The present study examined the cross-modal cueing effect of musical rhythmic beats on non-native speech rhythm production. Two groups of Chinese learners of French were cued respectively with rhythmic beats that either matched (matching group) or mismatched (mismatching group) the rhythm patterns of the target French sentences. The participants were asked to produce the target sentences after cueing and their speech production was compared with their baseline condition in which no cueing was used. The results showed that the matching group produced the target French rhythm significantly better after cueing with musical rhythmic beats that matched the French rhythm, in contrast to the mismatching group where no significant improvement was found. Individual differences in auditory short-term memory and rhythmic skills were not related to improvement in producing French rhythm after cueing. The results suggest that musical rhythmic cueing can be used to improve non-native speech rhythm production, further indicating a close link between speech and music in the temporal domain.