Parental Attitude Scale Research Articles

An Investigation into the Levels of Digital Parenting, Digital Literacy, and Digital Data Security Awareness among Parents and Teachers in Early Childhood Education

It is of great importance for teachers, students, and parents, who are among the main stakeholders in education, to understand concepts such as digital parenting, digital literacy, and digital information security awareness in that we live in a digital age, and it seems that we will never go back. The purpose of this research is to examine the levels of digital parenting attitudes of preschool parents, and the levels of digital literacy and digital data security awareness of preschool teachers and parents, and then to investigate whether these variables show general relationships with change. Designed as quantitative research, this is a correlational study. We recruited a total of 410 participants from preschool teachers and preschool parents. We used a personal information form, Digital Parenting Attitude Scale, Digital Literacy Scale, and Digital Data Security Awareness Scale as data collection instruments. Our results show that preschool teachers' digital literacy and digital data security awareness levels are higher than those of preschool parents. There is evidence that there was a statistically significant difference between digital literacy and digital data security awareness. Accordingly, we recommend that teachers should cooperate with parents on digital literacy and digital data security awareness. Further, school principals should make their greatest efforts to make this cooperation sustainable. Several activities should be conducted to boost digital literacy levels of both parents and students, and thereby increasing their digital data security awareness.

EXAMINATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE'S FAMILY BELONGING ACCORDING TO PARENTAL ATTITUDE PERCEPTION AND SOME VARIABLES

This study aims to investigate whether there is a relationship between the perception of family authority and the level of family sense of belonging among young people. Data were collected from 217 students who continue their education in the department of child development at the associate and undergraduate levels at Kırıkkale University. “Family Sense of Belonging Scale" was used to measure the sense of belonging, and "Parental Attitude Scale" was used to measure the perception of family authority. According to the results obtained from the research, a significant difference was found between the oppressive-extremely controlling parental attitudes and the democratic and liberating parental attitudes in the sub-dimension of self-belonging. In addition, a significant difference was found between the oppressive-extremely controlling parental attitude and the democratic and liberating groups in general family sense of belonging. Over-controlling parental attitudes decrease self-relatedness and general family belonging relatively compared to other dimensions. It was determined that the protective-demanding parental attitude was the most common perception among the participants, followed by the democratic parental attitudes. It was concluded that the general family belonging of the participants was high, and especially the self-affirmation was higher than the sub-dimension of family sense of belonging. It was concluded that the perception of family sense of belonging was highest in family structures where the best understood member of the family was the mother, and the perception of family belonging was the lowest in the participants who got along best with their grandparents.

The effect of physical activity on mother-child relationship and parental attitudes: a follow-up study examining the long-term effects of COVID-19.

This study was planned to evaluate effects of game-based physical activity model on mother-child relationship and parental attitudes during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic period. This study was designed using a web-based quasi-experimental model with a pre-test/post-test evaluation, with a control group. The mothers who accepted to participate in the study and their children were divided into experimental (group I, n=28) and control groups (group II, n=31). The mothers and children in the experimental group were asked to apply web-based game-based physical activity model for 20 minutes/day for 4 weeks. The online questionnaire included socio-demographic data form, Child Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS), and Parental Attitude Scale (PAS). There were no significant differences between mean scores of pre-test and post-test subscales of the PAS in group I (p>0.05 for all subscales). It was found that post-test scores of democratic subscales of PAS statistically significant decreased (p=0.047) and the authoritarian attitude subscale scores significantly increased (p=0.033) in group II. The mean pre- and post-activity scores of positive/close relationship and conflictual relationship subscales of CPRS differ between groups (p<0.05 for both subscales). Pre-post test scores of group II were found to be significantly lower compared to group II. Our study provides a moderate improvement in parameters evaluated; however, we suggest that longer-term activities may have a more permanent and statistically significant effect.

The Effects of Coronavirus Phobia and Enxiety States on Parents' Attitudes Towards Their Preschool Children

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of coronavirus phobia and anxiety states of the parents with 2–6-year-old children on their attitudes towards their children&#x0D; Methods: It was carried out the descriptive cross-sectional study. The study sample was composed of 275 parents of 2–6-year-old children in Turkey in winter 2021. During the data collection period, a ‘Descriptive Information Form, COVID-19 Phobia Scale, Beck Anxiety Scale, and Parental Attitude Scale’ were generated on Google forms, and the link was sent to the parents through social media. &#x0D; Results: The parents' mean score from the Beck Anxiety Scale was 33.40±9.97 and their mean score from COVID-19 Phobia Scale was 53.22±15.28. According to the Parental Attitude Scale, mean democratic attitude score of the parents was 73.73±6.09 and mean protective attitude score was determined as 30.55±5.98. A positive correlation was found between Beck Anxiety Scale and COVID-19 Phobia Scale (r= .461; p= .000).&#x0D; Conclusion: Severe anxiety symptoms and a moderate level of coronavirus fear were detected among the parents in the study. Moreover, anxiety and coronavirus phobia were positively correlated with authoritarian and protective parental attitudes. To support and follow children and parents by the nurses in physiological and psychological aspects through innovative approaches is very important

Examining the relationship between parents' digital parenting self-efficacy and digital parenting attitudes.

Digital resources have begun to be used frequently by both children and parents. Digital resources, which are used very frequently, have entered our lives more and more with the pandemic with the development of technology. Children are now regular users of smartphones and tablets, so children's early digital interactions have brought new concepts into parent-child relationships and the role of the parent. It is thought that it will be important to re-examine the self-efficacy and attitudes of digital parents in this regard and the factors affecting the family-child relationship. Digital parenting is explained as parental efforts and practices aiming at understanding, supporting, and regulating children's activities in digital environments. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the correlation between parents' digital parenting self-efficacy and digital parenting attitudes. The study group of this research consists of 434 parents whose children attend primary school living in different provinces of Turkey. In the research, "Demographic Information Form" and "Digital Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale" and, "Digital Parenting Attitude Scale" were used as data collection tools. Frequency, percentage, standard deviation, correlation, regression, multiple regression, and two-way analysis of variance statistical techniques were used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the digital parenting self-efficacy and digital parenting attitude have a moderate correlation and some of the variables are important predictors on the digital parenting self-efficacy.

Parental Attitudes and Childhood Traumas as Predictors of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in University Students.

In this study, we aimed to examine the predictive effects of parental attitudes and childhood traumas on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in university students. This cross-sectional and correlational study was performed with the participation of 780 students. The data collection tools were a "Descriptive Information Form," the "Padua Inventory," the "Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28," and the "Parental Attitude Scale." The results of the regression analysis revealed that perceived protective/demanding (ß = 0.959; P < .001) and authoritarian (ß = 0.439; P < .001) parenting attitudes and childhood traumas (emotional neglect ß = 0.905; P = .049; physical abuse ß = 1.464; P = .002; emotional abuse ß = 2.152; P < .001; sexual abuse ß = 0.812; P = .030) constituted a positive and significant predictor of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Evaluation of parental attitudes and childhood traumas and interventions aimed at predicting the obsessive-compulsive disorder-related consequences of parental attitudes and childhood traumas can help alleviate obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Involving families in treatment approaches such as psychoeducation and psychotherapy for childhood trauma victims with obsessive-compulsive disorder and cooperation with families can positively affect treatment processes. Nurses with the roles of direct care, support, education, and counseling have important standing in running psychoeducation groups. In particular, academic psychiatric nurses can identify risky students and provide counseling and psychoeducation to university students.

How Correlation Between Household Conflict and Parental Attitude During the Lockdown?: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between household conflict and parental attitude during the quarantine period. &#x0D; Material and Method: This study cross-sectional, and web-based was conducted. A maternity and child hospital located in southeast in Turkey between 24 May and 30 June 2021, particularly after the 3-week full-lockdown. Power analysis was used to determine the sample size, and accordingly, the study was completed with a total of 246 parents with children aged 2-6. In the study, a questionnaire regarding socio-demographic data and Household Conflict, which is a subscale of the COVID-19 Household Environment Scale, and Parent Attitude Scale was used. &#x0D; Results: It was shown that the parents participating in the study were highly democratic and overprotective, moderately authoritarian and permissive. It was determined that conflicts for the family increased during the pandemic process, and that conflict decreased when the parents displayed a democratic attitude. It was established that intra-familial conflict increased when parents exhibited authoritarian, overprotective and permissive attitudes, and in addition, it was found that intra-familial conflict increased when the number of children increased. &#x0D; Conclusion and Recommendations: Consequently, it was found that intra-family conflict affected parental attitude. Support strategies can be created for families at risk. Nurses identify families in this environment and provide necessary care, training, and consultation service.

Implementation of prophylactic vaccinations in children from the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship

Introduction: Protective vaccinations are an important element of health prophylaxis. Their implementation depends on the parents’ attitudes and their socio-economic situation. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the implementation of vaccinations in children in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian region. Materials and methods: The study included 278 parents of children hospitalised in the Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz. A self-made questionnaire concerning the implementation of compulsory and recommended vaccinations depending on demographical factors and two standardised psychological scales (the Plopa Parental Attitude Scale and the STAI – State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Results: 93.53% of respondents consider vaccinations necessary. 96.40% of children were vaccinated according to the vaccination schedule. In 3.24%, compulsory vaccination was abandoned at least once, and the vaccination schedule was modified for 67.99% of children. Recommended vaccinations were provided by 47.12% of children, more often from cities, parents with higher education and income and less often with at least three children. Most parents (57.19%) look for information about vaccinations, most often from a doctor and the Internet, less often from posters, leaflets, magazines, and least often from friends and the media. Mothers who are looking for information about vaccination from Internet have lower level of anxiety. Conclusions: The majority of the society implements compulsory vaccinations, and less than half of them are recommended. The implementation is influenced by the financial situation and education of parents. There is a need for individualised education of the society, depending on the social group of recipients.

Okul Öncesi Dönemde Çocuğu Olan Babaların Çocuklarının Cinsel Gelişimlerine Yönelik Tutumları

Sexual development begins in the mother's womb and is affected by other environmental factors, especially parental attitude, with birth. This research aims to reveal fathers' attitudes on sexual development and the demographic variables (child’s age, child’s sex, number of children, father's age, father's education level, socioeconomic level) that affect these attitudes. This study is in the quantitative research approach and the descriptive model. The study group consists of 190 fathers who have children aged 3-6. The data were collected on the internet by using the 'Information Form' and the 'Parental Attitude Scale'. While analyzing the data, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey test analysis were used. According to the findings, it is seen that there is a significant relationship between the variables of child’s sex, number of children, father's education level, socioeconomic level, and fathers' attitudes towards sexual development. There was no significant relationship between the age of the father, the age of the child, and the father's attitude. It is seen that the mean scores of the fathers' attitudes towards sexual development are in the range of neutral-positive attitudes. While fathers generally had a positive attitude towards children's sexual questions and sexual behaviors, they had a negative attitude towards social norms.

Digital game addiction, social anxiety, and parental attitudes in adolescents: A cross-sectional study

Digital game addiction negatively affects the physical and psychosocial health of adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine digital game addiction, social anxiety, and parental attitudes among adolescents, and to identify the risk factors of these parameters. A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 1379 students aged 14–17 years. A Personal Information Form, the Digital Game Addiction Scale, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, and the Parental Attitude Scale were used for collecting data. The prevelance of digital game addiction was found as 12.9%. The risk of digital game addiction was 2.6 times higher in boys compared to girls. While digital game addiction was the highest in adolescents who perceived their parent's attitude as negligent, social anxiety was found to be the highest in adolescents who perceived their parent's attitude as authoritarian. Parental attitude affected digital game addiction and social anxiety among adolescents. Gender, duration of playing games, and parental control over playing game were factors that predicted digital game addiction. School based screening programs should be designed for early detection of addiction, prevention of risky behaviors, and management of social anxiety in adolescents.

Attitudes Toward Rational Drug Use and Medication Self-management Among Parents of Children with Epilepsy

Background: Epileptic seizures are controlled with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The purpose of using AEDs is to prevent seizures by maintaining the effective dose of one or more AEDs. Using a medication according to its prescription involving dosage and dosing times is expressed as medication adherence. Objectives: This study was performed to assess medication self-management and attitudes toward rational drug use among parents of children with epilepsy. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used in this study. The data were collected using a data collection form, the Parental Attitude Scale for Rational Drug Use (PASRDU), and the Turkish Pediatric Epilepsy Medication Self-management Questionnaire (PEMSQ-TR). Results: The mean scores of participants (n = 192) on the PASRDU were 156.02 (standard deviation [SD] = 9.86), 133.02 (SD = 7.74), and 23 (SD = 7.58) on the total scale, accurate and conscious use subdimension, and effective and safe use subdimension, respectively. The mean scores of participants on the PEMSQ-TR were 81.38 (SD = 7.13), 42.4 (SD = 6.32), 24.3 (SD = 1.6), 11.36 (SD = 4.35), and 3.32 (SD = 1.94) on the total scale, information about epilepsy and treatment subdimension, adherence to treatment and clinic appointments subdimension, treatment-related obstacles subdimension, and treatment and social life subdimension, respectively. Parents’ educational status (F = 0.01, P &lt; 0.05), child’s age at first seizure (U = 0.026, P &lt; 0.05), frequency of seizure (U = 0.043, P &lt; 0.05), age of the child (χ2 = 0.002, P &lt; 0.05), and parents’ age (F = 0.036, P &lt; 0.05) had a significant effect on the total and subscale scores of the PASRDU and PEMSQ-TR. Conclusions: This study showed that although parents of children with epilepsy had positive attitudes toward rational drug use, their epilepsy medication self-management was relatively poor. The improvement of the understanding of medication self-management can ultimately increase adherence, which will affect the clinical outcomes and quality of life in children with epilepsy.

Change in screen time of preschool children according to parental attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic with an online survey

ABSTRACT The relationship between the change in the screen time of preschool children according to both parent–child characteristics and parental attitudes was investigated in an online study involving 403 mothers. Mothers completed a questionnaire on baseline characteristics and Parent Attitude Scale. Multiple logistic regression and generalized linear models revealed the associations. Change in screen time was grouped as “increase” and “no increase”. 70% stated an increase in the screen time during the pandemic period. The overprotective score was low in the group with increased screen time after adjusting parental age, education, and working status, family type, number of the children, the enrolled child’s age, gender, daily screen time before the pandemic, and caregiver of the child. The child having longer screen time also had higher risk for the history of an increase in screen time in the lockdown period. This situation shows a need for parental guidance for healthy screen use.

Parental Attitudes and Coping Strategies in Parents as Indicators of the Prognosis of Aggressive and Task-Oriented Coping Strategies in Adolescents in Situations of Social Conflict

The aim of the study was to identify family-related factors connected with aggressive and task-oriented coping strategies in adolescent youth in situations of social conflict. The study was conducted on a sample of 893 adolescents aged 13 to 15. M. Plopa’s Parental Attitude Scale (Skala Postaw Rodzicielskich, SPR), the Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Parents in Situations of Social Conflict (Kwestionariusz Strategii Radzenia sobie Rodziców w Sytuacji Konfliktu Społecznego, KSRwSK) by D. Borecka-Biernat, and Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Adolescents in Situations of Social Conflict (Kwestionariusz do Badania Strategii Radzenia sobie Młodzieży w Sytuacji Konfliktu Społecznego, KSMK) by D. Borecka-Biernat were used in the study. An analysis of the results of the study has indicated family discriminants of aggressive and task-oriented coping strategies in adolescents in situations of social conflict; those discriminants include the perceived parental attitudes in father, including the inconsistent, autonomous, and demanding attitude; the perceived aggressive strategy in mother and father in situations of social conflict, as well as the task-oriented strategy in mother in situations of social conflict. Identifying the determinants of aggressive and task-oriented strategies in youth might allow the caretakers of adolescents to better understand their behaviour in situations of social conflict and look at its roots from the young people’s perspective. Understanding the determinants of these behaviours is a necessary step in designing strategies that can shape individuals capable of coping with conflicts in a mature manner.

Gaming Disorder Scale for Parents: Reliability and Validity Study of the Turkish Form.

This study aimed to conduct the validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Gaming Disorder Scale for Parents (GADIS-P). In this methodological study, the study sample consisted of 345 parents who had children within the age range of 10-17 years who played digital games. The study data were collected through the Gaming Disorder Scale for Parents, the Scale for Determining Parents' Perceptions of Computer Game Addiction, and the Digital Parenting Attitude Scale. The Cronbach's alpha analysis for reliability, item total correlation analysis, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis for construct validity, and clustering analysis for identifying gaming disorder according to the scale scores were used. It was determined that the content validity index of the scale was 0.97, that item loads varied between 0.617 and 0.863 according to exploratory factor analysis, and that the scale had good fit indices in the confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be α=0.907, and the item total correlations were determined to be adequate. The criterion validity analysis found a positive and strong correlation with the Scale for Identifying Parents' Perceptions Regarding Digital Game Addiction (r=0.717 p0.001). As a result of the clustering analysis, it was determined that the cut-off value was found as >9 points for "Cognitive Behavioral Symptoms" subscale and as >6 points for "Negative Consequences" subscale. The results obtained show that the Turkish version of the Gaming Disorder Scale for Parents is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

Avoidant coping strategies in adolescents in situations of social conflict: an attempt to identify personality and family indicators

Goal The purpose of the study was to determine the personality and family indicators of the avoidant coping strategy in adolescent youth in situations of social conflict Method The study was conducted on a sample of 893 middle school students. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES) (adapted by Dzwonkowska, Lachowicz-Tabaczek and Łaguna), the Sense of Control Questionnaire (SCQ) by Krasowicz and Kurzyp-Wojnarska, the Stress Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) designed by Włodarczyk and Wrześniewski, the Three-Factor Inventory of Personality States and Traits (TIPST) by Spielberger, the Parental Attitudes Scale (PAS) Plopa, the Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Parents in Situations of Social Conflict (QSPC) by Borecka-Biernat, and Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Adolescents in Situations of Social Conflict (QSAC) by Borecka-Biernat were used in the study. Results Young people’s strong conviction of other individuals’ impact on negative and positive outcomes of events, the perception of social conflict as challenge and reacting to that conflict with anger or anxiety co-occurs with the tendency towards the avoidant coping strategy. Among the familial determinants of the avoidant coping strategy, an important role is played by the inadequate parental attitudes towards the adolescent child, as well as the pattern of avoidance in situations of social conflict in the parents. Conclusions Learning about the causes of the avoidant coping strategy in the young person will allow the parents and teachers to better understand the adolescents’ behaviour in situations of social conflict and look at its roots from the adolescent’s perspective. Understanding the causes of this behaviour may become a starting point for creating educational strategies that help young people cope with conflict in a mature way.

EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN INTERNET ADDICTION AND PARENT ATTITUDES IN ADOLESCENTS IN TERMS OF SOME VARIABLES

This study aims to examine the relationships between internet addiction and parental attitudes of students in adolescence in terms of some variables. The universe of the research consists of students (9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades) studying at a public school in Karşıyaka district of İzmir province. A total of 386 students participated in the study. The data of the study were obtained by using the "Parent Attitude Scale", "Internet Addiction Scale" and "Personal Information Form". The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Considering the findings of the study, a significant relationship was found between parental attitudes and internet addiction. Statistically significant relationships were found between internet use, having a romantic relationship, parental attitudes and internet addiction in adolescents before and during school. A positive and low-level significant relationship was found between the protective, democratic and authoritarian parental attitudes perceived by the adolescents and the level of dependency.

Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Anne-Babaların Çocuk Yetiştirme Tutumları ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada, engelli çocuğa sahip anne ve babaların çocuk yetiştirme tutumlarının karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi, çocuk yetiştirme tutumlarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, okul öncesi engelli çocuğu olan 147 ve ilkokul dönemi engelli çocuğu olan 157 anne-baba oluşturmuştur. Annelerden hem kendileri hem de eşleriyle ilgili bilgiler edinilmiştir. Böylece toplam 304 veri değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Özyürek (2017) tarafından geliştirilen Anne-Baba Tutum Ölçeği (A ve B formları) ve Eşlerin Çocuk Yetiştirmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (A ve B formları) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, anne ve babaların çocuk yetiştirme tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesinde Spearman Brown Korelasyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Anne ve babaların, çocuk yetiştirme tutumlarını etkileyen kişisel değişkenlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla CHAID analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; anneler daha hoşgörülü iken babaların daha baskıcı ve otoriter tutuma sahip oldukları, anne ve babaların çocuk yetiştirme tutumlarının benzerlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Annelerin demokratik tutumlarını etkileyen en önemli değişkenin aile yapısı, babaların demokratik tutumlarını etkileyen en önemli değişkenin çocuk sayısı ve annenin öğrenim düzeyi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anne-babaların çocuklarına yönelik baskıcı ve otoriter tutumlarını etkileyen en önemli değişkenin babanın öğrenim düzeyi ve mesleği olduğu belirlenmiştir. Babaların aşırı hoşgörülü tutumlarının ise annelerin çalışıp çalışması ve çocuk sayısından etkilendiği belirlenmiştir.

The Relationships between Preschoolers’ Play Behaviors, Social Competence Behaviors and Their Parents’ Parental Attitudes

The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between preschoolers’ play behaviors, social competence behaviors and their parents’ parental attitudes. In this study, correlational survey model was used. The target population of the study consists of 12.183 children attending preschool education institutions in the central districts of Van province and their parents. The sample of the study consists of 1.042 participants (521 children and their parents) determined by stratified sampling method. In this study, “Play Behaviors Scale for 36-71 Months Old Children”, “Social Competence and Behavior Assessment-30 Scale” and “Parental Attitude Scale” were used for data collection. In data analysis, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used. As a result of the study, it was concluded that there are significant relationships between children’s play behaviors, social competence behaviors and parents’ parental attitudes. In order for parents to adopt the right attitude, it is advisable to prepare seminars, courses and parent education programs on child growing up attitudes.

Emotional regulation and aggression in children: The regulatory role of Turkish mothers' emotion socialization reactions

AbstractObjectiveThe main aim of this research is to determine whether positive or negative maternal reactions in the field of emotional socialization play an intermediary role in the relationship between a child's emotional regulation skills and aggressive behavior.BackgroundPrevious findings show the effects of children's emotion regulation skills and parents' emotional socialization responses on aggressive behavior. However, researchers have not reported how children's emotion regulation skills influence maternal emotional socialization responses or investigated the mediating role of maternal emotional socialization responses on emotion regulation and aggressive behavior.MethodThe study was conducted with 285 mothers of 60‐ to 72‐month‐old children attending preschool. Research data were collected using the Children Aggression Scale—Parent Version, Dealing With Negative Emotions of Children, Emotional Regulation Checklist, Attachment Insecurity Screening Inventory, Parental Attitude Scale, and Child–Parent Relationship Scale.ResultsPositive and negative responses of mothers play a mediating role in the relationship between children's aggression and emotional regulation. Mothers' positive responses were effective in reducing the aggression level of children with a low level of emotional regulation. In addition, even if children's emotional regulation skills are low, positive responses are effective in reducing mothers' negative reactions and thus children's aggression levels.ImplicationsGiven the importance of promoting positive development in children, this study may have important implications for intervention and prevention programs. In particular, family‐based interventions that encourage mothers to use emotional socialization applications and education/techniques that encourage parents' emotional regulation strategies are recommended.

Investigating the Association Between Adolescent Internet Addiction and Parental Attitudes.

Objectives: In this study, the association between parents’ attitudes and internet addiction among adolescent high school students was investigated through some sociodemographic variables. Methods: The research was carried out with 385 students studying in four high schools in western Turkey. Sociodemographic characteristics, parental attitude scale and internet addiction scale were used in the study. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression analysis and structural equation modeling analysis were applied. Results: The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between the combined mean score obtained from the Parental Attitude Scale and the mean score obtained from the Internet Addiction Scale, and that authoritarian parenting attitude increases the risk of internet addiction [OR = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.33–2.18)]. In the structural equation modeling analysis, the model summary fit values were determined to be at a good level (χ2/df = 2.86, GFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.073) regarding the relationship between parental attitude and internet addiction. Conclusion: Adolescents’ internet addiction levels changes related to their parents’ democratic attitude evolve.