Organization Project Research Articles

The Impact Of Health Education On Improving The Knowledge Of Women 45–55 Years Old Considering Menopause; Review Of Literature

In women who have reached the aging stage, menopause is a physiological condition marked by a decline in estrogen levels. Estrogen deficiency frequently results in symptoms that significantly interfere with women's daily activities and even jeopardize their pleasure at home. In Indonesia, menopause is thought to occur between the ages of 40 and 55 on average. According to World Health Organization projections, the number of women going through menopause is expected to rise from 107 million in 2025 to 373 in 2030, and then to 1.2 billion in 2030. Health education is one way to try to raise awareness about menopause. Increasing the awareness of women between the ages of 45 and 55 about menopause can be accomplished more effectively and appropriately through health education. A literature review methodology was used in the writing of this paper. In the review literature search technique, the search phrases "health education," "menopausal women," and "readiness" were employed. Relevant sources, particularly Pubmed and Google Scholar, provided the information necessary to search for both domestic and international articles. Articles must (1) be published in the five final years (2019–2024), (2) be unique, (3) be completely accessible, and (4) be in either Indonesian or English. Based on the findings from thirty domestic and international periodicals. Twenty-five journals were selected in the initial screening step based on inclusion criteria, abstract, and title. Fifteen publications were found during the second stage of screening, which was based on outcomes and methodologies. Nine national publications that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were discovered during the third screening step. The understanding of women between the ages of 45 and 55 regarding menopause is influenced by health education, it can be concluded. Brochures, films, PowerPoint presentations, booklets, and other types of educational media can be employed.

Contexts Articulation for Teaching in Management: Competitive performance of organizations

Introduction: The Articulation of Contexts for Teaching in Administration - Competitive Performance of Organizations Project is part of the studies developed by the University to create new practices and pedagogical structures for undergraduate and graduate courses at the University. Structured around three stages, the project aimed to consolidate students' knowledge of the fundamentals of the competitive performance of organizations. Methodology: The study used participant observation to examine the impact of new teaching methods on student engagement and learning at a Brazilian university. Researchers collected data through classroom observations, engagement reports, field notes, and interviews. Thematic analysis identified vital factors influencing engagement, such as teaching methods and classroom interactions. Results-Discussions: The project integrated subjects to analyze businesses and consumers, develop various products, end with the CRM proposal in the companies studied, provide practical learning, and prepare students for the market. Conclusions: Students applied theory to real problems through the expected products, developing critical thinking, collaborative skills, and management competencies. Disciplinary integration and effective practice consolidated an effective teaching model aligned with market demands.

Review of Indian studies on environmental impact assessment

Abstract Environmental clearance in India is a legal instrument that determines potential environmental implication of organized projects in India. It entails an assessment of sensitive projects, focal points, and proposals that have potential and likely effects on social, environmental, and economic matters before they are commenced. The intended goal of this procedure is to detect negative effects on local societies, the environment in this case, so as to foster sustainable development. In India, environmental impact assessment (EIA) is governed by the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, and EIA Notification, 2006, that outline how and what EIAs should be prepared for different projects. Subsequent research has been executed on various aspects of EIA in a bid to improve the utility of the assessment tool in the Indian environment. This article provides a rigorous synthesis of existing literature on the subject of EIA in the context of India. A total of 47 research papers related to the subject were retrieved and subjected to a rigorous analysis through the PRISMA method. The objectives of the research are (1) to assess existing literature for the effectiveness of EIA processes in different contexts and identify gaps or areas for improvement; (2) to compile and synthesize findings from various studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of EIA research in India; (3) to identify patterns and indicators across different studies; (4) to analyze the evolution of environmental policies related to EIA in India and assess their impact; and (5) to provide recommendations for future research directions, policy enhancements, and practical improvements in the EIA process in India based on the synthesized findings. These summaries the comprehensive characteristic of the EIA studies related to India that might be useful for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners engaged in environmental management and sustainable development interventions in India.

ANALISIS KETEGANGAN POLITIK DI LAUT HITAM TERHADAP DINAMIKA EKONOMI REGIONAL

The Black Sea is one of the seas in the world that has turned into a tool of supporting the interests of the countries of the world, especially those who directly borders the area. In fulfilling their interests, those countries will act in many ways, including the usage of diplomacy and force. This is done in order to maintain their ability to utilize the Black Sea area. This research is done to understand how countries that directly borders the Black Sea utilizes that area for their national interests and why they appeared, and also how they interact between each other in order to ensure safety and joint profitability in the area that they occupy together. Through an explanative qualitative research and through using the economic interdependence and maritime safety theories, it is found that natural resources especially natural gas and other potentials such as tourism and trade becomes the trigger for Black Sea countries to protect their position within the area. In doing this, they don’t only act alone, but there are also joint efforts such as establishing the BSEC organization and doing projects between countries such as TurkStream.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ АЛГОРИТМОВ РАЗРАБОТКИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ В СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО КАЧЕСТВА ОБЪЕКТОВ

The indicators of the functional efficiency for construction projects are largely characterized by the quality at design (organizational and technological) solutions as part in the COP sections (construction organization project) and “WPP” (work production project), as well as technical and technological perfection methods for the practical implementation in construction processes in the construction residential facilities. The subject of research in the article is an algorithm for the development at organizational and technological solutions in the format for sections "COP (POS) → WPP (PPR)" in documentation for construction. Design activity in the construction industry is considered as a necessary tool and the most important means for achieving the planned results, bearing in mind, first of all, the quality of organizational and technological solutions, a systematic approach to solving the problems forming the functional quality in residential formations. Conclusions and recommendations. It has been established that the modern practice in developing organizational and technological solutions does not correctly take into account the consequences the effects of various factors at the external and internal environment on the indicators the functional quality at construction products. The modern design algorithm requires improving the methodological foundations for the development and automation design procedures, a systematic approach to the analysis factors influencing the parameters at the state construction products, the formation conditions for reducing the consequences at the negative influence the human factor.

Perspectives on Sustainable Projects Aligned with UN Development Goals

Sustainability has emerged as a paramount global concern in the 21st century, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) stand at the forefront of the efforts to address it. This study delves into the profound implications of these SDGs for sustainable projects carried out by organisations. Sustainable projects are those that align with the principles and objectives outlined in the SDGs, thereby contributing to a more inclusive and environmentally responsible future. By attempting to achieve these goals, sustainable projects not only mitigate environmental degradation but also foster economic development and social progress. This study explores the critical link between sustainable projects of organisations and the SDGs, whether the projects have contradictory impacts or just the opposite, they can also strengthen each other. The hypothetical assumption is that there is tension between the goals and actions of contradictory and synergistic movements. The transformative power of sustainable projects is underscored through real-world examples and case studies, showcasing how they can address complex, interconnected challenges. The literature review lends support to the hypothesis that in some cases certain sustainable goals might confront each other. A pilot study methodology employing impact measurement is used to prove the hypotheses about how the goals support and contribute to or affect each other’s results. The results underscore the essential role of sustainable projects. The conclusion also highlights the critical need for research and project development that can effectively navigate the tension between contradictory and synergistic goals within the SDG.

Social support and isolation in narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia: An international survey

To evaluate factors associated with feeling supported in adjusting to life when diagnosed with narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia. An online survey was disseminated by nonprofit organization Project Sleep via email and social networks. Intended recipients were adults (≥18 years old) diagnosed with narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia. Multivariable regression was used to assess predictors of feeling supported in adjusting to life with these conditions. The survey was completed by 1308 individuals (narcolepsy type 1, 48.4%; narcolepsy type 2, 28.7%; idiopathic hypersomnia, 22.9%). Overall, 68.7% of respondents were ≤40 years of age; 87.7% were female; and 88.8% were White. Respondents lived in 38 different countries (65.5% in the United States). At time of diagnosis, most (91.1%) did not know anyone with the same diagnosis. At time of the survey, 486 respondents (37.2%) still did not know anyone with their diagnosis. Only 32.3% of respondents felt supported in adjusting to life with narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia. Knowing someone with the same diagnosis at the time of the survey was a significant predictor of perceived support. Younger age (18-30 years) and being married were also associated with greater perceived support, whereas a diagnosis of narcolepsy type 2 or idiopathic hypersomnia (versus narcolepsy type 1) and living outside the US were associated with less perceived support. People with narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia often do not know others living with the same condition, even though this is associated with feeling supported. Clinicians should assess for social support and assist with resource identification.

The study of management processes of regional projects to determining algorithms of prototyping: A review

In the context of modern competition, project management approach can ensure higher speed and quality of achieving strategic objectives set for health care industry at minimal cost and risk. Due to the need to implement regional projects with higher speed and quality, the problems of algorithmization of project management processes becomes relevant. The complex multi-level system of project implementation in health care industry, instability of external environment and variety of needs of stakeholders requires finding algorithm to implement management processes. The purpose of the study was to find prototype model for managing processes of medical organization project, built on formalized data of functional components of project and algorithms obtained during stage-by-stage modeling of the system. In the process of development of operation of the system its elements and presentation of data were iteratively refined and in accordance with data algorithms were synchronously refined too. To build prototype model of management processes in regional medical organization for subsequent digitization it is necessary to formalize variables, to determine in accordance with size of the range of values that variable can take for subsequent effective algorithmization of management processes. The stages of project management processes were correlated with classification characteristics of models to establish stages of their construction and modeling of working model of prototype project. To establish optimal prototype of project management processes its immediate integration with project environment of medical organization is required using machine learning methods. The study results confirmed necessity to proceed search for project management tools increasing efficiency of operational activities of medical organizations implementing regional projects in health care industry.

Practical skills in creating and conditions of a modern endoscopy department

Accumulated many years of experience in creating workrooms and functional endoscopy departments. Due to the fact that in our practice there are a lot of different regulatory documents in the field of construction: SNiP, codes of practice, practical design guidelines, as well as medical standards: SanPiN, sanitary rules, guidelines, various recommendations and orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, there is a huge resonance on the requirements of these documents for the creation of working conditions for flexible endoscopy of a certain profile in a medical organization. There are no standards for the development of models of a specific profile of endoscopy departments due to its widespread use in various medical practices. The development of a project for a new medical organization does not in any way concern sanitary standards, while newly built modern medical organizations are checked precisely according to sanitary standards and do not in any way concern building codes. Such an imbalance leads us to the harmonization of multi-profile documents, averaging of area requirements, engineering solutions, conditions for linking the operating requirements from the manufacturer of high-tech equipment. The creation of working groups and the development of individual planning solutions allows us to take into account all the nuances for proper operation, work out the equipment according to technical and dimensional characteristics and clearly formulate the requirements for the preparation of endoscopy workrooms.

Research on the social functions of trade to support the development of marketability of farm products

In recent years, there has been a problem of reducing the marketability of agricultural products of farms for many types of goods. Among the key food products supplied by farmers, the negative dynamics of sales was noted for the sale of potatoes and vegetables. This situation is largely related to the annual fluctuations in agricultural production, which is especially evident in the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops. Using econometric modeling based on the construction of regressions based on panel data, the article shows the negative impact of changes in production volumes on the percentage of marketability of farm products. Farmers, like other small-scale enterprises, do not have a developed marketing infrastructure, unlike agricultural organizations. Therefore, farms are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in production volumes, which create for them the problem of lack or excess of resources for sales. An important way to solve this problem is the activity of trade organizations aimed at implementing social functions to support the sale of farm products. In Russia, such social practices are being implemented by the largest representatives of the retail industry in a pilot mode in certain regions of the country. In particular, in some areas, agricultural aggregators are operating, launched by the “X5 Group” and “Magnit” retail chains, which perform technological and marketing functions to ensure the sale of farm goods. There are other social projects of trade organizations, for example, “Agrocontract” and “Farmer›s Island”, initiated by “X5 Group”, which involve the conclusion of direct contracts with farmers in order to reduce the purchase prices of goods and provide for the purchase of various unique goods from farmers. The expansion of the social functions of trade organizations will significantly overcome the existing problems of marketing farm products and provide such farms with sufficient income and profit for further self-development of activities.

Method of Maximizing F-Synergistic Value in IT Development Projects for Self-Managed Organizations

The article is devoted to the formulation of the method of maximizing the F-synergistic value of IT development projects of a project-oriented organization, which was developed within the syncretic methodology of project management. The application of the proposed method is considered in the field of IT development projects of organizations involved in infrastructure restoration projects of Ukraine. The directions of scientific research in the field of value-oriented project management are analyzed. The previously unsolved part of the scientific problem is highlighted. Objects of value analysis in a project-oriented organization carrying out IT development were identified, among which stellarator projects were highlighted. A model for determining the value of a separate component of the system is presented. The concept of F-synergistic value is defined. Such a value is proposed to be calculated through the aggregate value of three clusters that create synergistic effects both within themselves (first-order value) and among themselves (second-order value). The clusters included: "IT + people" cluster, "projects + operational activity" cluster, "methodology + environment" cluster. Models for determining the value of a separate cluster and the aggregate F-synergistic value are proposed. Variations in the selection of weighting factors for evaluating value criteria are considered. Within the syncretic methodology, a method of maximizing the F-synergistic value of IT development of a project-oriented company is proposed. The model of 27 scenarios of the dynamics of the change of the multipliers of synergy of three clusters is presented. In the corresponding tables for each scenario, a hypothesis is put forward regarding the reasons for such dynamics for each scenario, as well as a model of further IT development of a project-oriented company in response to such reasons. According to the results of the development of the method of maximizing the F-synergistic value of IT development projects of a project-oriented organization guided by syncretic methodology, directions for improving the activities of such organizations were determined. An extended SWOT analysis of the proposed method was conducted. Conclusions based on the research are formulated, prospects for further research in the chosen direction are outlined.

��ֲ������� ������� �����˲��� ��������� ���������������� � ������ֲ��� �в��������� ����Ͳ��ֲ�� � ������ ���������� �����ʲ�

The national system of energy saving management in budget sector organizations is presented through the prism of the implementation of targeted directions for increasing the level of energy efficiency by the program-target method, the purpose of which is the concentration of resources of business entities and the construction of a unified energy efficiency management system and the coordination of efforts of both state and regional authorities, local self-government, institutions,etc. An important role is given to the components of the program-target method as a mechanism of state management of a unified system of state and regional authorities and local self-government bodies, institutions, etc., which, in particular, will ensure the coordination of energy components and the formation of an acceptable price for educational services. According to the results of the research, the need for the formation of an energy-efficient policy in each institution of higher education, despite its regional location, based on a comprehensive approach from the standpoint of a single energy space, has been actualized. The author considers the management of energy saving projects of the budget sector organization in relation to their energy security system, i.e. the management system of a budget institution from the standpoint of a single energy space, which provides an effective, reliable and ecologically safe environment, which is minimally affected by internal and external factors of energy saving, and is the guarantor of the quality of services, in particular energy services, provided to the population by public sector facilities. The main factors of energy efficiency of budget sector organizations, the procedure for implementing the energy saving and energy efficiency improvement program, the main factors of managing energy efficient projects in the budget sector, analytical tools for modeling their evaluation system and the stages of developing a scenario of an innovative model of their management are presented. The proposed technologies and tools can be used to build an innovative management model of energy saving projects of budget organizations, in particular, using the pyramid-aggregate modeling method.

HI-Net: A novel histopathologic image segmentation model for metastatic breast cancer via lightweight dataset construction

Since 2020, breast cancer has remained the most prevalent cancer worldwide and the World Health Organisation projects significant increases by 2040, with new cases expected to exceed 3 million annually (a 40% increase) and deaths to surpass 1 million (a 50% increase), highlighting the urgent need for advancements in detection and treatment. Current detection of metastasis is highly dependent on labour-intensive and error-prone pathological examination of large-scale biotissue. Given the high-resolution (100,000 × 100,000 gigapixels) but limited quantity of open-source pathological slide datasets, existing deep learning models face preprocessing challenges. This paper introduces HI-Net, a high-speed panoramic feature-extraction pyramid network for rapid and accurate detection of metastatic breast cancer, balancing panoramic segmentation and local attention. Additionally, a lightweight pathological slide dataset optimised for 512 x 512-pixel resolution, derived from downsampled and reassembled competitive datasets, accelerates training and reduces computational costs. HI-Net demonstrates superior performance on existing medical imaging competition datasets and our lightweight dataset, evidencing its effectiveness across datasets and potential for contributing to the generalisation of intelligent diagnostics.

Алгоритмизация управленческих процессов медицинской организации для создания цифровой модели функционального прототипа регионального проекта в отрасли здравоохранения.

Currently, the issues of algorithmization of various systems, objects, phenomena and processes for their subsequent digitalization are relevant. The essence of this approach is associated with the active development of information technology. The purpose of the study is to identify processes (algorithms) for preparing and creating a digital model of a project prototype, starting with an examination of the object (managerial processes of the project activity of a medical organization) in all functional states under the influence of external factors and the existing communication environment of the system. Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the review was the scientific works of Russian and foreign researchers devoted to the study of the processes of algorithmization, prototyping and mathematical modeling. More than 30 literature sources were analyzed. The research methods were: system analysis, comparison, systemic and integrated approaches, as well as the method of problem modeling and abstraction. Results. The project-oriented orientation of the healthcare industry dictates the need to develop a practical system methodology and a holistic approach to the creation of digital prototypes of medical organization projects, which will rationalize the constant search for new management models to optimize project processes. The authors made the assumption that in order to visualize design processes by selecting optimal variants of prototype models, it is possible to create a digital prototype by algorithmizing management processes. To visualize the process algorithms (mechanisms) of the prototype(s) of project management processes, researchers proposed using a matrix that allows one to correlate the formalized processes of the project model with the processes of system functioning through the stages of the project life cycle. Conclusions. The transfer of management activities into a digital format implies clear formalization and codification using pre-formed prototypes of standard management processes for further digitization and development of digital (native) prototypes. In the next article, the authors plan to analyze in detail the matrix output data obtained from the formalization of project management processes in order to obtain information that complements the results of full-scale tests of a real system, and to obtain forecasts for the evolution of the project system over time.

Re-imagining the Factors Influencing the Choice of Project Management Tools and Techniques in Tanzanian Infrastructure Projects: Elicitation of Practitioners’ Perspectives

Construction project Management tools and Techniques (CPMTT) are vital for the success of construction projects. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of studies that examined the factors influencing the choice of CPMTT in developing countries, particularly, Tanzania. The objective of the study was to analyze the factors influencing the choice of CPMTT in Tanzanian public infrastructure projects, with the aim to fill the knowledge gap. The study was descriptive in nature and employed a mixed method approach. Using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, data was collected from 60 out of 70 Project management practitioners including Consultants and project Coordinators within Dar-es-salaam Metropolitan Development Projects (DMDP) and similar infrastructure projects. Fifty valid responses were received equivalent to 83% response rate and interviews were done. Quantitative data from respondents was analyzed using IBM SPSS v25. The directed content analysis method was employed for qualitative data from 10 Resident Engineers to supplement the quantitative results. Using factor analysis, four groups of organization support, ease of access and usefulness of tools, fulfilment of project objectives, and project environment and idea generation were determined to influence the choice of CPMTT. Project managers frequently choose tools that are easily accessible without considering the organization's project objectives or resource commitment. The findings could be used as a guide for project practitioners to critically assess the areas of weakness and select CPMTT that can help address those weaknesses and hence improve project delivery in Tanzania, an unexplored context. Project managers are called to re-imagine project needs based on priority and select the CPMTT that satisfies the needs based on experience, skills and project objectives as crucial factors in the selection of CPMTT rather than using their discretion. This would improve the delivery of infrastructure projects and, hence, performance outcomes in the construction sector in Tanzania and other emerging countries. This study was limited to DMDP public infrastructure projects in Tanzania. Keywords: Construction Project Management Tools and Techniques (CPMTT), Decision analysis, mixed-methods, Tanzania

Bringing the Value Chain for High-Impact Weather Warnings into the Classroom

Abstract University students can learn about weather warnings and contribute to a database for the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) project on value chain approaches to evaluate the end-to-end warning chain. The project offers students a way to understand how information about high-impact weather is created, shared, and used within a complete warning system for a selected event. Their contributions are intended to inform researchers and practitioners on what has and what has not worked well in the warning process. The students use a structured questionnaire designed to collect information on observations, forecasting, hazards, impacts, warning communications, and responses.

Copy Number Profiling Implicates Thin High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions as a True Precursor of Cervical Human Papillomavirus-Induced Squamous Cell Cancer

Full-thickness high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) are precursors of invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The World Health Organization and Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology Standardization Project for human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated lesions divide full-thickness HSIL of the cervix into thin HSIL with thickness of 1 to 9 cell layers and the typical full-thickness HSIL of >10 cell layers. Although HPV oncogene transcripts and p16ink4a overexpression, as markers of transforming HPV infection, are detectable in thin HSIL, the biological significance of thin HSIL in cervical carcinogenesis remains poorly understood. To further characterize thin HSIL, we performed a comparative study of chromosomal copy number variations (CNV), an analysis of dysregulated genes present in the segments with CNV, and a generalized genetic complexity calculation for 31 thin HSIL, 31 thick HSIL, 24 microinvasive SCC (pT1a SCC), and 22 highly invasive SCC samples. Thin HSIL share various CNV and specific dysregulated gene pathways with thick HSIL and invasive SCC. Thin HSIL exhibited an average CNV of 11.6% compared with 14.1% for thick HSIL, 15.5% for pT1a SCC, and 26.6% for highly invasive SCC. The CNV included gains at 1q and 3q (40% and 43%, respectively), partial loss of 3p, and loss of chromosomes 11 (18%), 16 (50%), 20 (35%), and 22 (40%). Pathways affected solely in thin HSIL were those enhancing immune evasion and primarily involved the (interleukin) IL6, IL21, and IL23 genes. ILs are transiently upregulated in response to infection and play a crucial role in mounting antitumor T-cell activity. Deregulation reflects an attempt by the HPV to evade the initial immune response of the host. The primary pathways shared by thick HSIL and invasive SCC were interactions between lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, NOTCH2 signaling, tight junction interactions (primarily of the claudin family), and FGR2 alternative splicing. Our results show that thin HSIL carry similar genetic changes as thick HSIL and SCC, indicating that thin HSIL are true precursor lesions that can progress to thick HSIL and SCC.

Values Spiral Development Method in the Implementation of Digitalization Projects in Syncretic Methodology

The article is devoted to the formulation of the method of spiral development of values in the implementation of digitalization projects of self-managed organizations, which was developed within the syncretic methodology of project management. The application of the proposed method is considered in the field of infrastructure restoration projects of Ukraine. A scientific problem regarding the availability of a project management methodology that meets modern challenges has been formulated. The gap between the practical needs of project-oriented organizations in a new unique methodology and the availability of established standards for solving typical project management tasks is revealed. A review of literary sources was carried out, modern project management trends were highlighted, including: increasing complexity of modern corporate project management methodologies, application of value-oriented management approaches, models of self-managed teams. The principles of value-oriented management for infrastructure restoration projects implemented by self-managed organizations within the syncretic methodology have been formulated. The method of values spiral development of a project-oriented organization, which uses models of self-management, through the implementation of digitalization projects within the syncretic methodology, is proposed. Within the scope of the method: a value model for digitalization projects of self-managed organizations is proposed; the concept of "stellarator project" is introduced, the definition of such a project is given. The results of the approbation of the method in a project-oriented organization working in the field of infrastructure restoration of Ukraine are presented and analyzed. Areas of improvement of the project-oriented activities of the specified organization have been determined. A SWOT analysis of the proposed method was carried out. Conclusions based on the research are formulated, prospects for further research in the chosen direction are outlined.

Values Spiral Development Method in the Implementation of Digitalization Projects in Syncretic Methodology

The article is devoted to the formulation of the method of spiral development of values in the implementation of digitalization projects of self-managed organizations, which was developed within the syncretic methodology of project management. The application of the proposed method is considered in the field of infrastructure restoration projects of Ukraine. A scientific problem regarding the availability of a project management methodology that meets modern challenges has been formulated. The gap between the practical needs of project-oriented organizations in a new unique methodology and the availability of established standards for solving typical project management tasks is revealed. A review of literary sources was carried out, modern project management trends were highlighted, including: increasing complexity of modern corporate project management methodologies, application of value-oriented management approaches, models of self-managed teams. The principles of value-oriented management for infrastructure restoration projects implemented by self-managed organizations within the syncretic methodology have been formulated. The method of values spiral development of a project-oriented organization, which uses models of self-management, through the implementation of digitalization projects within the syncretic methodology, is proposed. Within the scope of the method: a value model for digitalization projects of self-managed organizations is proposed; the concept of "stellarator project" is introduced, the definition of such a project is given. The results of the approbation of the method in a project-oriented organization working in the field of infrastructure restoration of Ukraine are presented and analyzed. Areas of improvement of the project-oriented activities of the specified organization have been determined. A SWOT analysis of the proposed method was carried out. Conclusions based on the research are formulated, prospects for further research in the chosen direction are outlined.

Understanding Heat Stress and Tolerance Mechanisms in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): A Comprehensive Review

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a vital cereal crop in the Poaceae family, plays a crucial role in global agriculture. It contributes approximately 30% of the world's grain production and constitutes half of the grain traded internationally. Serving as a staple food in over 40 countries, wheat provides essential calories to 85% of the global population and protein to 82%. With the global population expected to reach 9.1 billion by 2050, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) projects that nearly one billion additional tons of cereal will be needed annually to meet increasing demand. Enhancing wheat productivity and production is thus essential. Wheat is cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, where it faces various abiotic stresses that significantly impact yield, with heat and drought being the most critical challenges. Global climate models predict a potential increase in mean ambient temperature by up to 6°C by the end of the century. Wheat is highly sensitive to heat stress; even a 1°C rise in temperature can reduce global wheat production by 6%. Heat stress affects wheat's physiological, biological, and biochemical processes, including seed germination, grain filling duration, grain number, Rubisco enzyme activity, photosynthetic capacity, assimilate translocation rate, leaf senescence, chlorophyll content, and overall yield. To combat heat stress, wheat has developed diverse tolerance mechanisms. These include the induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs) that assist in proper protein folding and the activation of an antioxidative defense system to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS). Traits like Stay Green (SG), chlorophyll fluorescence, and canopy temperature are closely linked to heat tolerance. Understanding and improving these mechanisms are imperative to sustain and enhance wheat production to meet future food demands amidst global climate changes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of heat stress on wheat morphology, physiology, and biochemistry. It also discusses the mechanisms of heat tolerance, emphasizing the importance of developing crop varieties capable of withstanding future climatic conditions. Understanding these mechanisms at physiological, biochemical, and morphological levels is crucial for ensuring future food security.