Number Of Quotations Research Articles

“UNKNOWN” QUOTATIONS IN R. ZELAZNY’S NOVEL “CREATURES OF LIGHT AND DARKNESS” AS A PROBLEM OF TRANSLATION INTERPRETATION

Precedent statements are an important intertextual phenomenon that makes it possible to include the work in the body of already existing texts but to actualize the game with the readers’ expectations. A quotation has the potential to perform many functions: it can serve as a direct reference to the author or a specific work, it can imply a broad cultural outlook of the reader, it can form the internal context of the work, as if these quotations were taken from texts invented by the characters themselves, etc. The aim of the article is to analyze the precedent statements in the novel of R. Zelazny “Creatures of Light and Darkness”. The extensive use of different types and levels of precedent phenomena characterizes this fiction novel as a whole. Three Russian translations of R. Zelazny’s novel were used as illustrative material. The method of research is contrastive semantic-syntactic analysis. A number of quotations in the novel by R. Zelazny’s novel initially assumes some “understatement”, when the reader either has to have a broad outlook in order to recognize the reference to the precedent text, or must try to guess what it is about. It is especially interesting when the source of the quotation is unknown and unrecognizable, so there is an interpretive lacuna that serves as a challenge to the reader. Translators look for ways to convey and simultaneously compensate for this reticence by various means, including, in some cases, eliminating the reticence itself (e. g. by introducing a reference to pretexts, although this does not exist in the original work). The results allow us to identify the translation that is closest to the original in pragmatic terms, as well as to conclude that there is some continuity in the translations: while the earlier translations are significantly different, the later translation uses some of its predecessors’ solutions.

The Questions of Theodore. Part II

The article contains a translation of the second part of the Coptic text, composed in the genre of “erotapokrisis” (question-answer) and in the form of a dialogue between the Archbishop of the Coptic Church John III and a certain presbyter named Theodore (admittedly real historical characters). The Questions reveals a number of legends and interpretations based on the biblical text; some of them find analogies in Coptic as well as in early Christian literature in other languages and in Jewish interpretations, other ones probably should be considered unique. Distortions in biblical quotations suggest that the compiler often quotes them from memory. In addition, there are a number of quotations from the Alexandrian Physiologus, which confirms the popularity of this book in Egypt.

Шекспировские переводы Аполлона Григорьева: творческая лаборатория, цензурная история, критические оценки

The review article summarizes the available and for the first time introduced into scientific circulation information about the creative history of translations of Shakespeare’s dramas by Apollon Grigoriev: “Lear,” “A Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “Shylock, the Venetian Jew” and “Romeo and Juliet,” about their passage through censorship, stage fate and responses to them from literary and theater critics. The text of the youthful translation of “King Lear” has come down to us only in a number of quotations from the censor’s report, which are published for the first time as part of an article. A hypothesis of the author consists in the fact that there is connection between the translations of “King Lear,” made simultaneously by Grigoriev and the actor Vasiliy Karatygin. The article contains a comparative analysis of critical assessments (a number of responses were found in periodicals for the first time). A textual study of manuscripts and lifetime editions revealed censorship and editorial interference in the text, which changed the author’s version. The research shows that Grigoriev’s translation strategy in his work on “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” was formed in the process of reviewing the translation of the same comedy by Nikolay Satin. Grigoriev also took into account the experience of Alexander Druzhinin’s translation of the tragedy “King Lear.” Work on the tragedy “Romeo and Juliet” was determined by the mnemonic experience of the performance, translated by Mikhail Katkov.

"А НАДО, ЧТОБЫ ШЕЛ ДРУГОЙ…": БИБЛЕЙСКИЕ ЦИТАТЫ И ИХ ИСТОЧНИКИ В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ АЛЕКСАНДРА БЛОКА

The article considers and describes the marks on the pages of the Bible, preserved in the home library of A. Blok. The greatest number of marginalia is found in the Pentateuch, Ecclesiastes, the Book of Wisdom of Solomon, the Gospel of John, the 1st Epistle of John, and the Revelation of John the Theologian. A number of quotations are reflected in Blok’s poems, dramas, and articles. The influence of the text of the Apocalypse is particularly evident in the early lyrics of 1901–1904, and then, in the period of “antithesis” (1905–1908), not only in poetry, but also in drama. The analysis of markings in the Gospel makes it clear that the Other, about whom Blok spoke in connection with the figure of Christ in the poem “The Twelve”, is the Holy Spirit, the Comforter. As a source of biblical reminiscences the author considers the text of the “Service of the Church of St. John”, created by D.S. Merezhkovsky and Z.N. Gippius and used by them in home services. Quotations from that source in Blok’s poems allow the author to question the extent of Blok’s knowledge with the practice preached by D.S. Merezhkovsky “The Church of the Third Testament”

The interplay of word-of-mouth and customer value on B2B sales performance in a digital platform: an expectancy value theory perspective

PurposeBuilding on the expectancy value theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of word-of-mouth (WOM) and customer value (i.e. functional value and ease-of-doing-business value) on B2B business performance in the B2B sales process.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop a framework to understand how B2B WOM and customer value influence supplier sales performance. This model was tested using structural equation modeling with a sample of 220 suppliers on Alibaba.com.FindingsThe empirical findings demonstrate that B2B WOM valence and volume have positive influences on the number of quotations and the number of transactions, respectively. Additionally, B2B WOM volume mediates the relationship between operational performance and the number of transactions. Response rate mediates the relationships between response time and both the number of quotations and the number of transactions, respectively.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the industrial marketing of B2B sales on the digital platform by investigating two influencers on sales performance: WOM and customer value.

« Dessine-moi un mouton… à cinq pattes » : De l’art de la critique journalistique de s’emparer de l’Oulipo

If an author’s influence can be measured by the number of quotations in a newspaper, then the Oulipo can now be considered rooted in the French cultural establishment. However, this sweeping statement hides a set of more fine-grained facts. Through the analysis of literary criticism as well as articles published in the weekly magazine Télérama, this paper highlights how much friction exists between the members of the group Oulipo and the Oulipo itself. Reviewers of collectively authored works prefer to highlight the names of well-known writers’ such as Roubaud, Queneau and especially Perec, who, despite his death, remains an important member of the Oulipo. Some individual books (Le Tellier, Fournel, Jouet) are reviewed but most references concern the Oulipo’s performances, public readings or writing workshops, valuing their comic verve and their skillful wordplay rather than their books. In the end, the Oulipo seems to serve as reservoir of constraints’ that can be deployed elsewhere, in comics, radio or the visual arts. In recent years, referring to the group has become almost a lexicalized expression synonymous with constraint or an impossible exercise, even if at the same time, Perec’s position as the most famous Oulipian is under challenge.

To Quote or Not to Quote? Categorizing Quotations in the Epistle to the Hebrews

An overview of the appendices in NA28 and UBS5 reveals that the editors agreed regarding the number of quotations in Hebrews on 37 occasions. They disagreed, however, as to whether an intertext was a quotation or an allusion on nine occasions. The compilers of these lists did not provide a basis for their conclusions, and inability to agree on the number of intertexts could be due to multiple reasons. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to develop a set of criteria by which to identify quotations in Hebrews. Auctor’s quotations were determined to possess four characteristics: (1) introductory formula, (2) a recognizable source, (3) verbal correspondence with the hypotext and (4) syntactical tension. These four characteristics were then utilized to assess the nine disputed intertexts between NA28 and UBS5. By assessing the nine intertexts for the presence of the criteria, four out of the nine were determined to be quotations, whereas five were deemed to be allusions.

A Newly Identified Sanskrit Manuscript of the <i>Karmavibhaṅga</i>: A Nepalese Manuscript Preserved in the Cambridge University Library

The Sanskrit Karmavibhaṅga [= KV] has two textual traditions: one is represented by what are termed manuscripts A and B, both found in Nepal, and the other by what is called Nepalese manuscript C, and seven fragments of the Schøyen Collection from Afghanistan. The former tradition contains a number of quotations from various Buddhist texts, while the latter does not. Furthermore, these two traditions reflect origins from different Buddhist schools: the former belongs to the Saṃmitīyas, the latter to the Sarvāstivādins.

O Ф da fotografia (lado b)

Em 1979, diante da fotografia da mãe falecida, Roland Barthes escreveu os 48 pequenos capítulos de A Câmara Clara. Publicado em 1980, jamais deixou de ser debatido, admirado, criticado. Esse debate, no entanto, raramente serviu para alargar seu alcance ou aprofundar seus insights. Reduzido a um pequeno número de citações, a multidimensionalidade do texto se perdeu. Esse artigo é a segunda parte de uma releitura do ensaio onde os conceitos são pensados como episódios e a exegese subordina-se às tramas da narrativa. Os aspectos priorizados nesse Lado-B de phi (Ф) são: puncta, a palinódia, interfuit, eidos e aoristo.

Patient-appraised beneficial moments during inpatient psychiatric treatment

BackgroundPsychiatric inpatients receive a multidisciplinary treatment approach, covering psychiatry, nursing, occupational therapy, and psychology. Research findings reveal that the effectiveness of any treatment is associated with three types of factors: specific (e.g., treatment techniques), common (e.g., clinician-patient relationship, patients’ expectations) and extra-therapeutic. However, there is little published research on the factors and events which inpatients themselves consider to be beneficial (‘beneficial moments’).MethodsInpatients (N = 107) of a psychiatric clinic completed a questionnaire to elicit their appraisal of beneficial moments. A qualitative content analysis was applied. The coding procedure was conducted independently by two authors.ResultsSelf-appraised beneficial moments were found in five areas: therapy-specific components (number of quotations, N = 204), positive relationships (N = 140), clinical setting and environment (N = 52), inpatients’ new insights (N = 36), and factors unrelated to either therapy or the clinic (N = 30). In total, 44% of the quotations were related to specific factors, 49% to common factors, and 7% to extra-therapeutic factors.ConclusionsInpatients judge both specific and common factors as crucial for the therapeutic benefit they gain during their stay at the clinic. Our results differ from meta-analytical findings, where the impact of specific factors on symptom improvement has shown to be much smaller (i.e., 17%) than appraised by patients in our study (i.e., 44%). Our study underlines the importance of a patient-centred care approach as well as shared decision making and patient-clinician communication. For clinical practice, knowledge of inpatients’ perspectives on beneficial moments is crucial in order to reinforce precisely these therapeutic components.

Post-Modern Reception of the Idea of Two People in the Tan Dun’s Opera “Marco Polo”

Relevance of the study. Contemporary operas by Chinese composers are of undoubted interest to modern musicology. Tan Dun's creative experiments are extremely interesting. His operas demonstrate the search of the contemporary composer whose interests lie at the crossroads of national oriental and academic opera traditions. Thus, in the opera “Marco Polo” the concept of dichotomy and multiculturalism receives the status of the main ideas. The study of this aspect of opera is an urgent and prerogative task in the process of understanding the operatic experience of Chinese composers.Main objective of the study is to identify the peculiarities of reading the concept of the two worlds in the opera “Marco Polo” through the prism of the postmodern search of Tan Dun.Methodology. To achieve this goal, the following scientific methods were used: historiographical (studying stages of development of Chinese opera), the method of stylistic attribution (determining the stylistic components of opera and creative constants of Tan Dun’s style), structuralfunctional method (determining the peculiarities of opera) and semantic analysis (determining the semantic layers of the work associated with the idea of the two worlds).The main results / findings and conclusions. It was found that the idea of the two worlds of “Marco Polo's” opera was generated by the aesthetics of postmodernism, as a result of which the work became a cross-cultural art project that combined several languages, cultures and periods of time. The symbolism of the plot, which is nourished by Eastern and Western aesthetic and philosophical ideas, combining in the concept of two worlds, is determined. It is noted that the composer managed to preserve the cultural differences of both worlds. The Asian world is presented in a generalized way – in the form of stylizations, which are based on the fricative, rhythmic, instrumental and performance features of oriental music within the traditions of neo-orientalism. Western music is more specific – through the prism of compositional styles in a number of quotations and allusions, as well as in the involvement of avant-garde compositional techniques. Based on this, a conclusion was made about the dominance of Western tendencies in general and the traditions of postmodernism in particular in the world of “Marco Polo”, to which elements of the Asian musical style are subordinated.A detailed study of Tan Dun's opera expands the understanding of contemporary Chinese opera, contributes to the deepening of knowledge on the development of the opera genre and allows you to navigate within the eclectic space of postmodern art.

Dynamics of Economic Development Measure. Fiftieth Anniversary of Publication of the Article by Prof. Zdzisław Hellwig

2018 marked the 50th anniversary of publication in Przegląd Statystyczny journal of an article entitled: “Procedure of evaluating high level manpower data and typology of countries by means of the taxonomic method” written by prof. Zdzisław Hellwig. This article is one of the most frequently quoted articles published in Przegląd Statystyczny and is one of the most often quoted articles in Polish economic literature. More importantly, the number of quotations has been growing recently. The pattern of economic development method developed in the article was the first proposal of a method of linear ordering in the area of economic research. The method is still used and has become an inspiration for many methodological studies concerning multidimensional comparative analysis written since the 1970s. Apart from drawing attention to the “phenomenon” of prof. Hellwig’s publication and, in particular, its impact on the development of economic research in Poland, the main purpose of the study is presentation of the complex procedure of a dynamic approach to measuring development which integrates the issue of selection of diagnostic variables and comparability of Hellwig’s development measures from different periods. The proposed procedure was illustrated with an analysis of the standard of living of residents of Polish voivodships (NUTS 2) in 2005–2016.

Bibliometrics and social network analysis of compassion fatigue in China from 2008 to 2018

Objective To understand the research status, research hotspots and development trend of compassion fatigue with the bibliometric analysis on compassion fatigue related literatures in China so as to provide a reference for future research and development. Methods We retrieved compassion fatigue related literatures of our country published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , WanFang data, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) , VIP, Web of Science and PubMed from January 2008 to July 2018. The included literatures were multidimensionally analyzed with the bibliometric analysis and social network analysis. SPSS 22.0 was used to data statistical treatment. Results Finally a total of 143 literatures were included with 138 Chinese literatures. The volume of literatures showed a tendency to increase year by year. There were 120 journal articles and 9 (6.3%) of them were published in Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing with the most publications. Ranked by the areas of the first author, a total of 96 (67.1%) literatures were published in the top 10 areas and 16 (11.2%) literatures were published in Hubei Province with the most publications. The rate of coauthor was 85.3% with 3 for the cooperation degree and core authors were 20. There were 31 literatures funded by research fund with 21.7% for the ratio of fund-sponsored articles. The number of quotations were 2106 with 17.6% for the rate of quotation each article. Research type focused on investigations and interviews with 106 articles accounting for 74.1%. A total of 4 key words were with word frequency equal to or greater than 14 including compassion fatigue, nurses, empathy fatigue and influencing factors. Conclusions Researches on compassion fatigue of our country are in a development stage. We should expand the breadth and depth of the researches, increase the investment of research fund, strengthen cooperation among institutions and promote the establishment of professional core team so as to promote the development of researches on compassion fatigue of our country. Key words: Bibliometrics; Compassion fatigue; Key words; Social network analysis

"Diaries" by Oles Gonchar of 1984 - 1995: in dialogue with eternity

The article focuses on the diary entries of Oles Honchar, one of the prominent writers of the second half of the twentieth century, an active cultural and public figure. Records written in the last decade of the writer's life (1984 - 1995). The article covers philosophical reflections on the world, Ukraine, its past, future, Ukrainian language and spirituality. The views of the author are confirmed by a number of quotations. The philosophical content of O. Honchar's reflections correlates with the existential outlook (the death of loved ones causes him a set of emotions, thoughts, feelings). In many diary entries, loneliness is felt. In the system of vital values of O. Gonchar, the writer and man - faith in Ukraine, love for Ukraine. The world of Oles Gonchar in diaries is filled with landscape paintings that reveal his understanding of the homeland, the meaning of life. The article notes that the powerful words of O. Honchar testify to the experience of a person, who analyzes the events of past years, commented; the author of the diary is in dialogue with the descendants, gives answers to questions. Attitude to nature O. Gonchar is considered as the most important factor in shaping the views on the world, spirituality and internal wealth of man. From the entries of O. Gonchar's diary, the author appears not to be an indifferent observer. His reflections on reading, seeing, meeting with extraordinary personalities, forced to reflect on life, sometimes, eternity. Entries in the diary of Oles Gonchar are the attitude and thinking of a Ukrainian who always remains. "... how much tragedy in my life, how little I had to experience light days! Is that childhood with its magnanimity and kindness of people of such rare as Grandma?

Improve the Ranking of Arab Universities in the World Universities Rankings

The race to compete in the world rankings of universities is one of the most important priorities of scientific universities in recent times. The purpose of this paper is to reduce waste or losses of Arab scientific research outputs to a minimum and optimize the utilization of these outputs, which will positively affect the degree of ranking of Arab universities in the world ranking. The method used in this paper is as follows: statistical parametric theory, testing hypotheses and T-test. The most important conclusions reached through this paper are: The findings indicate that the weaknesses of the Arab universities are concentrated on the lack of scientific research published in the databases adopted in the world rankings of universities. The number of published world research and the number of quotations compared to the number of academics affect significantly and directly on the degree and rank of Arab universities when compared to world universities, The Arab journals should be re-habilitated to ensure that they are included in the Scopus database, and calculate all Arab researches publishing in the databases approved in the world ranking as described in the plan of improvement and approved by the Union of Arab Universities. And Establishing a partnership between International and local universities in the field of innovation. Furthermore, encouraging, holding an annual specialized forum for Arab with foreign academics.

Systematic Analysis of the Current Academic Research on Social Media Marketing

Abstract With the advent of social media where customers have the technical ability to upload own content the change occurred in some of the communication habits online. This world of constant communication is a challenge for businesses as well researchers. Academic research in this area is bringing valuable insights into people attitudes and behaviour on the social media. What is the current situation and where the research field is heading is a question of high importance. This study uses the systematic approach to reviewing the literature and to show the development of publications produced at Czech universities. Although the results show an increasing number of studies, Czech research is lagging behind other similar countries. Compared with the best countries, it is lagging behind in the number of quotations per article. On the basis of these analyses, suggestions for future research that can help to promote future theory development are proposed.

An examination, translation and analysis of pencil inscriptions made under the bunks in the hut at Cape Adare by members of Borchgrevink's British Antarctic Expedition, 1898–1900

ABSTRACT28 individual poems, notes, or drawings found and photographed under the bunks at Borchgrevink's hut at Cape Adare, Antarctica during two short visits on 1 February and 19 February 2015, are catalogued, translated and in many cases a source is identified. It has been possible to read and translate 24 of 28 markings. The relevance of a number of quotations, which express unhappiness with the leadership of the expedition and the emotional reaction of expedition members, are examined and placed in the context of the first over-wintering. Further targeted investigation, requiring specific permission, is suggested.

ЦИТАТА В ЖИТИЙНОМ ТЕКСТЕ (на материале памятников поздней севернорусской агиографической традиции)

The article considers functioning of quotations from the Holy Writ texts in hagiographies belonging to the late North Russian tradition. The quotations, revealed through the analysis of characteristic features typical of quotes, demonstrate different methods of their introduction into the textual structure of hagiographies. They appear to be made with either a direct reference to the quotation source (sacramental text) or to the person stating the idea. Double marking is also possible. In most cases there are no clarifying indications and quotations are only marked with speech verbs. A considerable number of quotations are not marked in a special way but included into the text as if they come from the author. It is especially difficult to identify such unmarked quotations because their lexis, grammar and syntax are usually transformed. Cases and methods of combining different types of quotations (citation blocks) within one hagiographical text are of special interest. The quotations analyzed clearly demonstrate that citation has two important (and interrelated) functions in hagiography – stylistic and text-forming. From the quotations it is also possible to get a clear idea of the features of North Russian, in particular Vologda region, hagiography.

KARAKTERISTIK SITIRAN ARTIKEL ILMIAH TENTANG KAJIAN MINANGKABAU DALAM JURNAL “SULUAH” TAHUN 2001-2012 TERBITAN BALAI PELESTARIAN SEJARAH DAN NILAI TRADISIONAL (BPSNT) PADANG

This study aims to describe: (1) writers’ quotation in Jurnal “Suluah” published by Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional Padang, (2) characteristics of literatures quoted by writers, and (3) authorship pattern. Quotation analysis method is used to study the relation between quoting documents and the documents quoted. The object of this study is the publications in Jurnal Suluah in 2001-2-12.The research finds that: (1) writers’ quotation pattern based on article contribution and the number of quotations in articles is 155 articles and 1607 quotations. In average, one article quotes ten documents from various forms of sources. (2) Characteristics of literatures quoted by writers based on genre, year, and age of literatures are as follows: (a) the most contributing document in article writing is book, achieving 1316 quotations; (b) the year span of documents quoted is from 1827 to 2010; and (c) the age of the most cited documents is those published in the last ten years (2001-2010) as much as 35%; (c) the pattern of authorship is that the most cited writer is Koentjaraningrat with 37 citations. The rate of collaborations of the author is very low, because 97% of articles are written by a single author and only 3% are multiple authors.Keywords: scientific articles quotation, Minangkabau study, Jurnal Suluah

Translating Lu Xun’s Māra: Determining the “Source” Text, the “Spirit” versus “Letter” Dilemma and Other Philosophical Conundrums

Not long after he withdrew from medical studies at Sendai and returned to Tokyo in 1906, Lu Xun began research on the history and philosophy of science, modern European thought, and comparative literature which produced five treatises he eventually published in an archaistic classical prose style influenced by that of Zhang Taiyan. Central to, and the longest among these essays is Moluo shi li shuo (On the power of Māra Poetry), which focuses on literature East and West and, in particular, the Byronic poets and their international legacy. In translating, annotating, and analyzing this essay, one meets with a number of quotations and terms derived originally from Western sources, sometimes through a secondary Japanese, German, or English translation. This article will focus on issues that arise in the translation and interpretation of that essay, in particular on the question of determining the source text, what bearing that has or should have on scholarly translation and how the study of textual issues can shed light not only on texts but also on literary and intellectual history. It offers an analysis of Lu Xun’s own interpretation of the source texts as well as conclusions reflecting on the significance of his literary career and broader mission.