NiTi Rotary Instruments Research Articles

An Update on the Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of New Generation Ni-Ti Rotary Instruments

An Update on the Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of New Generation Ni-Ti Rotary Instruments

Evaluation of Cutting Efficiency and Defects Influencing Surface Topography of Two Ni-Ti Rotary Instruments (An in Vitro Study)

This study was designed to evaluate the cutting efficiency and defects influencing surface topography of HeroShaper and Revo-S NiTi rotary files.90mesiobuccal root canals of extracted permanent mandibular first molar, with fully developed apices and curvature ranging between 25-35 degree. Samples were divided into two groups according to the instrument used for canal preparation where group A prepared with HeroShaper and group B was prepared with Revo-S instruments. The cutting efficiency of both tested systems was evaluated by randomly selecting 10 samples from each group. The selected samples were weighted by a highly sensitive 5 digits scale, then each sample in both groups were instrumented according to the manufacturer’s recommendation, after preparation, each sample was re-weighted. The weight loss of each sample was being calculated. The data analysis showed statistically insignificant. Before preparation, each group of the files were subdivided into 3 groups, unused, after a single use, and after 9 uses. Both files showed no visible defect, and with SEM there was no statistically significant difference in unused and after single-use, while the Revo-S rotary instrument demonstrated the incidence of fracture after 9 uses. It could be concluded that the rotary Ni-Ti instruments should be examined prior to instrumentation using any type of magnification to check if there is a sign of deterioration.

New heat-treated vs electropolished nickel-titanium instruments used in root canal treatment: Influence of autoclave sterilization on surface roughness.

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments used to treat root canal infections are affected by autoclave sterilization in various ways. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of autoclave sterilization on two NiTi rotary instruments that undergo different manufacturing treatments: The electro-polished Race and the heat-treated Race Evo, using scanning electron microscope analysis. In this in-vitro study, Race and Race-Evo instruments were subjected to a number of autoclaving cycles (0, 1, 3, 5, and 10). Scanning electron microscopy images were obtained at 3 mm from the tip of the file at 450x and 1000x magnifications. Surface roughness parameters were measured using ImageJ software. The results showed that autoclave sterilization caused a significant decrease in conventional NiTi Race surface roughness. While in Race Evo, surface roughness increased following the first autoclaving cycle. After 10 autoclaving cycles, surface roughness significantly decreased for both Race and Race Evo files.

Comparative Evaluation of Cyclic Fatigue and Corrosion Resistance of Three Different Nickel-Titanium Instruments

Objective: The aims of the study are to investigate the effect of the surface treatment process on prolonging the life of the rotary instruments against cyclic fatigue and the effect of the surface coating process on the corrosion resistance of Ni-Ti files.Methods: This study was carried out in two stages. In the first one, a total of 120 Ni-Ti rotary instruments (25/.04 taper) from 3 brands (HeroShaper, RaCe, and TF) were selected. Sixty of them were anodized then all of them were tested in simulated root canals with two different curvatures. The time until fracture was recorded, and the number of cycles was calculated for each group. The second stage; the effect of anodization on corrosion resistance was assessed. The file groups tested in 5% NaOCl solution at 37° C. Data were subjected to The Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at P= 0.05.Results: There was a statistical difference among the rotary systems in terms of cyclic fatigue. Among the file types, TF instruments were the most resistance to cyclic fatigue and RaCe instruments had the lowest results. The effect of anodization process was different among file groups.Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, the increase in canal curvature reduces the life of the rotary instruments. While the anodization process did not change cyclic fatigue in all file groups in 20° curved canals, it reduced the wear life of RaCe and HeroShaper files and extended the wear life of TF files in canals with 37° curved canals.

Metallurgical Tests in Endodontics: A Narrative Review.

Since there are no reviews of the literature on this theme, the aim of this narrative review is to summarize the metallurgical tests used in endodontics, pointing out their functional use and their pros and cons and giving readers a user-friendly guide to serve as an orientation aid in the plethora of metallurgical tests. With this purpose, a literature search for articles published between January 2001 and December 2021 was conducted, using the electronic database PubMed to collect all published articles regarding the metallurgical tests used in endodontics for the evaluation of NiTi rotary instruments. The search was conducted using the following keywords: “metallurgy”, “differential scanning calorimetry” (DSC), “X-ray diffraction” (XRD), “atomic force microscopy” (AFM), “energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy” (EDS), “focused ion beam analysis” (FIB) and “Auger electron spectroscopy” (AES) combined with the term “endodontics” or “NiTi rotary instruments”. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of the 248 articles found, only 81 were included in the narrative review. According to the results, more than 50% of the selected articles were published in one of the two most relevant journals in endodontics: International Endodontic Journal (22.2%) and Journal of Endodontics (29.6%). The most popular metallurgical test was DSC, with 43 related articles, followed by EDS (33 articles), AFM (22 articles) and XRD (21 articles). Few studies were conducted using other tests such as FIB (2 articles), micro-Raman spectroscopy (4 articles), metallographic analysis (7 articles) and Auger electron spectroscopy (2 articles).

Effect of different separated nickel–titanium rotary instruments on apical microleakage: An in vitro study

Introduction: Endodontic instrument separation is one of the iatrogenic errors which may affect the outcome of treatment. The present in vitro study was aimed to investigate the effect of different cross-sectional designs of separated nickel–titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files on apical microleakage.Materials and Methods: A total of 48 mandibular premolar roots were selected. The samples were randomly assigned to four experimental groups including Mtwo (n = 10), HERO Shaper (n = 10), RaCe (n = 10), and FlexMaster (n = 10) as well as positive (n = 4) and negative (n = 4) control groups. Ni-Ti rotary instruments with the same size and taper (0.06, #30) were separated in the apical region after complete cleaning and shaping, and the remaining root canal was obturated with gutta-percha and AH-26 sealer. The bacterial microleakage of each group was assessed through Enterococcus faecalis for 60 days. Survival analysis was done by SPSS 22.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the studied groups in terms of the time of microleakage (P = 0.955).Conclusion: The separated Ni-Ti rotary instruments with different cross-sectional designs had no impact on apical microleakage.

Evaluation of the Respect of the Root Canal Trajectory by Rotary Niti Instruments (Protaper®Universal): Retrospective Radiographic Study

Introduction : la mise en forme canalaire est l’étape critique de la thérapeutique endodontique. Des erreurs peropératoires tel : le faux canal, le stripping ; peuvent se manifester durant cette étape. L’instrumentation endodontique à base d’acier inoxydable est souvent à l’origine de ces erreurs à cause de la rigidité de l’alliage à base duquel elle est fabriquée.Pour pallier ce problème, l’instrumentation NiTi endodontique a été conçue puis employée afin de permettre un meilleur respect de la trajectoire canalaire, grâce à la flexibilité de l’alliage NiTi.Matériel et méthodes : le présent travail avait pour objectif principal l’évaluation du respect de la trajectoire canalaire par les instruments NiTi du système ProTaper®universal rotatif. Il s’agit d’une étude radiographique rétrospective qui a porté sur 241 canaux des molaires dont la mise en forme a été réalisée par le système ProTaper®universal rotatif , dans le service d’odontologie conservatrice au centre de consultations et de traitements dentaires ( CCTD) , CHIS, RABAT.Résultats : -Nous avons relevé la survenue d’incidents peropératoires à des pourcentages variés :-3,3% de butée ; 2,1 % de faux canaux ; 5,4% de stripping, tandis que le zipping est survenu dans 1,7% des cas.-Nous avons également déterminé une relation entre le stripping et un angle canalaire préopératoire serréConclusion : L’ensemble des résultats font suggérer la reproductibilité du système ProTaper®universal rotatif.

Analysis of cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next rotary instruments

Introduction. Root canal preparation is one of the most important active phases in the treatment of infected and noninfected teeth. Nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments are increasingly used in endodontic therapy due to their superior properties compared to those made of stainless steel. The aim of this research was to perform an analysis and comparison of cyclic fatigue in ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next rotary NiTi instruments in full rotation in simulated canals. Material and methods. Twelve ProTaper Next and twelve ProTaper Universal instruments were analyzed in the study. The instruments were tested in an artificial canal stuffed in a metal block at an angle of 45? and a corner radius of 5 mm. The operating time of each instrument until fracture was measured and the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) calculated. Results. ProTaper Next instruments showed greater resistance to cyclic fatigue compared to ProTaper Universal. The NCF value was significantly higher in ProTaper Next (1,296.83?20.2) instruments (p<0.001). The average length of fractured fragments was statistically significantly higher in ProTaper Universal (4.52?0.33) instruments compared to ProTaper Next (3.82?0.27) (p<0.001). Conclusion. It was concluded that the cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Next instruments was higher compared to ProTaper Universal instruments.

Comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of three different rotary NiTi systems – An in-vitro study

Background: Nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloys created a revolution in the instrumentation of endodontics. However, they undergo unexpected fracture during the instrumentation of curved root canals due to cyclic fatigue. Hence, innumerable scientific and manufacturing researches are focused on fabricating NiTi rotary instruments with greater cutting efficiency and increased fatigue resistance. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of three different NiTi rotary file systems: Hyflex CM, Endostar E3, and Mani Silk. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 30 Hyflex CM (25/0.06), 30 Mani Silk (25/0.06), and 30 Endostar E3 (25/0.06) instruments were included. The static cyclic fatigue test was performed using a custom-made jig. The artificial canal was made of stainless-steel jig with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, 45° angle of curvature, and radii of curvature of 5 mm. All the instruments were rotated according to the manufacturer's recommendations until failure occurred. The time taken to failure was recorded in seconds for each group using a digital chronometer. The data were analyzed statistically using the one-way analysis of variance, Post hoc test of Bonferroni was performed to identify pair-wise significance through SPSS 21.0 software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: Hyflex CM had the statistically highest fatigue resistance followed by Mani Silk and Endostar E3 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present in vitro study, it was found that cyclic fatigue resistance of Hyflex CM files was higher than the cyclic fatigue resistance of Mani Silk and Endostar E3 files.

Effect of Calcium Hydroxide (CH), Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP), Nano-sized CH and Nano-sized TAP as Intracanal Medicament on the Push-out Bond Strength of Biodentine: An In-vitro Study

Introduction: Root perforations are one of the common procedural errors faced in endodontic procedures. The ideal root repair material must be capable of bonding to the dentin. Calcium Hydroxide (CH) and Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP) are mostly used for root canal disinfection. Aim: To evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide, triple antibiotic paste, nano-sized calcium hydroxide and nano-sized triple antibiotic paste as intracanal medicament on the push-out bond strength of biodentine. Materials and Methods: The present in-vitro study was conducted in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur for a period of 1 month (March 2020). A total of fifty maxillary central incisors (n=50) were decoronated, instrumented with ProTaper rotary NiTi instrument followed by peesoreamers up to no.3, and were divided into five groups (n=10). Group I: CH, Group II: Nano calcium hydroxide, Group III: Triple antibiotic paste, Group IV: Nano triple antibiotic paste and Group V: Control group. The respective medicaments were mixed with propylene glycol and placed to the working length. After one week, medicaments were removed using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI). Later, samples were sectioned into slices of 2 mm thickness using hard tissue microtome, and biodentine root repair material was placed into lumen of the slices. All the samples were stored for one week at 37°C, then subjected to push-out bond strength test. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, Tuckey, Dunnets Post-hoc test (p-value <0.05). Results: The highest push-out bond strength values were observed in the group IV (p-value <0.001) and least in the control group. Biodentine showed significantly higher resistanceto displacement among the group II (p-value=0.431) and group IV (p-value=0.074) when compared with their conventional medicaments. Conclusion: Nano Triple Antibiotic Paste and Nano Calcium Hydroxide enhanced the push-out bond strength values of biodentine when compared to their conventional intracanal medicaments.

Effects of sodium hypochlorite on corrosion of the rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instruments - SEM analysis

Introduction/Objective. of this study is to use scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to examine surfaces of new and same sets of Ni-Ti instruments after canal preparations, to check their suspectability to corrosion. Methods. In this study, we used five different endodontic Ni-Ti instruments: K3, Mtwo, ProTaper Universal, HyFlex and BioRaCe. Instruments were analyzed before and after preparation of canals of different curvature, using SEM (150?2000 ?). Results. Corrosion of the working part was observed in 5.5% of new Ni-Ti instruments of the K3 system (apical and middle segment), in 5.5% of Mtwo instruments (apical third), and in 11.1% of ProTaper Universal systems (apical and middle third). Corrosion was not observed on the new instruments of the HyFlex and BioRaCe kits. After instrumentation, disinfection, and sterilization, corrosion was observed in all sets of K3 and ProTaper Universal systems and in all HyFlex instruments of the first group. Corrosion was observed in the HyFlex system in the second group in 16.7% of instruments (apical and middle third) and in the third 83.3% in the apical and 66.7% in the middle segment. In the Mtwo set, corrosion was observed in 16.7% of instruments in the first (apical and middle third), in the second group in 33.3% of instruments in the apical part and 50% in the middle third, while in the third group, corrosion was observed in 16.7% of instruments in the middle third of instruments. Conclusion. Rotary Ni-Ti instruments K3 and ProTaper Universal are susceptible to corrosion in a very high percentage. Ni-Ti systems with post-heat treatment of the working part (HyFlex) are somewhat more resistant to corrosion, while in Ni-Ti systems with electropolished surface (BioRaCe), corrosion is not observed.

Cyclic Fatigue Resistance and Surface Roughness of Rotary NiTi Instruments after Simulated Clinical Use in Curved Root Canals – An Atomic Force Microscopy Study

Objective: To examine the cyclic fatigue resistance and surface topography of TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold nickel-titanium rotary files and evaluate the presence of alterations to surface topography following instrumentation in simulated curved canals. Material and Methods: Twenty-four nickel-titanium instruments, twelve each of TN and PTG file systems, were evaluated for cyclic fatigue resistance. The rotary files were rotated in a simulated root canal with standardized diameter, angle of curvature, and radius of curvature in a custom-made cyclic fatigue testing device until the instrument fracture occurred. The time to fracture for each instrument was recorded with a stopwatch; in seconds in each group. Fractured instruments were subjected to atomic force microscopy analysis measuring the average roughness and the root mean square values to investigate surface features of endodontic files. Mean values and standard deviation were calculated. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Time to fracture was marginally higher in PTG instruments than in the TN file systems. PTG files exhibited higher surface roughness when compared with TN files (p<0.05). Conclusion: TN file system had a higher cyclic fatigue resistance than PTG. Cyclic fatigue causing file breakage did affect the surface topography of the files. PTG files showed a higher surface porosity value than the TN files.

Shaping Ability of Three Ni-Ti Rotary Systems in Curved Root Canals of Extracted Teeth

Aims. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 3 different rotary Ni-Ti instruments used to prepare curved root canals on the root canal curvature by using Digora system. Methods. Mesiobuccal canals of 30 mandibular first molars with curvature between 20-40 degrees were divided into 3 equal groups according to Ni-Ti rotary system need for root canal preparation: Alpha, RaCe and ProTaper system. Root canal curvatures from both buccal and proximal view were measured before and after instrumentation by using Digora system and image analysis software according Schneider's technique. Results. The result indicated that ProTaper system showed significantly greater decrease in curvature in the mesio-distal view and in the bucco-lingual view (p&lt;.05). Conclusion. The current study concluded that the rotary Ni-Ti RaCe system better maintained the original root canal curvature than the rotary Ni-Ti Alpha System and ProTaper Universal Systems. It may be better to use the rotary Ni-Ti RaCe system to prepared curved canal in order to maintained the original root canal curvature.

Radix Entomolaris in Mandibular First Molars: Report of 3 Cases

The radix entomolaris is an anatomical variation characterized by the presence of an additional root located in the distal-lingual region of mandibular molars. An accurate diagnosis is necessary to plan and institute effective endodontic therapy for teeth with this condition. The aim of this report was to present three cases of endodontic management in permanent mandibular first molars with radix entomolaris using contemporary technical resources. For diagnosis, periapical radiographs indicated the possibility of morphological alterations, which were confirmed in two cases by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Ultrasonic tips and magnification with operative microscopy were the auxiliary resources used for locating the root canals, which were prepared with NiTi rotary instrument systems and filled with gutta-percha by using the lateral condensation technique and AH Plus sealer. Resources such as periapical radiography, CBCT, magnification with operative microscopy, ultrasonic devices and NiTi instruments can be extremely valuable for use in the diagnosis and clinical approach to endodontic treatment of mandibular first molars with radix entomolaris.

Role of the Crystallographic Phase of NiTi Rotary Instruments in Determining Their Torsional Resistance during Different Bending Conditions.

The aim of this study was to assess the role of the crystallographic phase of Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments in determining their torsional resistance during different bending conditions, such as different degrees and angles of curvature. 200 F-One 20.04 instruments (Fanta Dental, Shanghai, China) were used, 100 austenitic instruments and 100 martensitic instruments. Each group was divided in 5 subgroups according to the different bending conditions (straight canal, 90° or 60° of curvature degrees and 3 mm or 5 mm of radius of curvature). The static torsional test was performed by using a device composed of an electric motor capable of recording torque values (N·cm); a vice used to secure the instruments at 3 mm from the tip; and artificial canals, which allow instruments to remain flexed during test. Each instrument was rotated at 500 rpm with a torque limit set to 5.5 Ncm until its fracture. Torque at Fracture (TtF) was registered. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation was conducted. The collected data confirm that an increase in the angle of curvature and a decrease in the radius of curvature of the artificial canals lead to an increase of TtF values with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05), both in the austenitic and martensitic groups. Regarding the comparison between austenitic and martensitic groups in the same bending condition, a statistically significant difference was found only when the torsional test was performed in the canals with the degrees of curvature of 90° and the radius of curvature of 3 mm and 5 mm, with the austenitic instruments showing a higher TtF than the martensitic ones. In conclusion, it can be stated that the crystallographic phase influences the maximum torque at fracture when the instruments are subjected to severe bending and that the radius of curvature significantly influences their torsional resistance.

In Vitro Evaluation of a Recently Developed Rotary File: AF Rotary

Objective: Aim of the present study is to evaluate mechanical properties of a newly developed rotary file, AF Rotary (Fanta Dental, Shanghai, China), and to compare these features with a worldwide spread rotary file, Protaper Gold F2 (PTG F2; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Material and Methods: 60 AF Rotary 25.06 and 60 PTG F2 were divided in three groups of 20 files each. A group underwent to cyclic fatigue resistance tests, second group underwent to torsional resistance tests, third group underwent to bending tests. The statistical analysis was performed using t student test with significance level set at 95% (p &lt; 0.05). Results: AF Rotary showed significantly higher torsional resistance and cyclic fatigue resistance (p &lt; 0.05) when compared to the PTG F2. AF Rotary also showed significantly lower bending resistance (p &lt; 0.05) when compared to the PTG F2. Conclusion: Therefore, within the limitations of this study, the results show better performances for AF Rotary compared to PTG F2 regarding the cyclic fatigue test, the torsional test and the bending test. Since the PTG F2 is a commonly used and widely investigated instrument it could be possible to state that the AF Rotary exhibits remarkable in vitro performances. Keywords AF Rotary; Protaper gold; NiTi rotary instruments; Cyclic fatigue; Torsional resistance.

Comparing the efficacy of EndoSequence Root Repair Material, Biodentine, MTA angelus as retrograde filling in microbial leakage by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of EndoSequence ® Root Repair Materia, Biodentine, and MTA angelus® as root end filling in bacterial leakage and confirmed with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM). Methods: 55 maxillary single rooted teeth were used in this study. The teeth were decoronated at 16mm. root canals was prepared by using ProTaper rotary Ni-Ti instruments. Pro-taper F3 size Gutta-percha and AH plus sealer were used for single cone obturation technique. The root resection was done in the apex at 3 mm. The root end cavity was prepared by ultrasonic retro-tips. Samples were divided into 5 groups with 11 samples each according to retrograde cavities filling. Group1(EndoSequence), Group 2 (Biodentine). Group 3 (MTA angelus), Group 4 (Positive control), and Group 5 (Negative control). Dual chamber apparatus was prepared to test the retrograde filling leakage. The Enterococcus Faecalis in Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope under 20X magnification to measures of E. Faecalis penetration depth through retrograde materials. Results: EndoSequence® had better results in bacterial leakage and in penetration depth into the dentinal tubules with statisticallysignificant difference when compared to BiodentineTM and MTA angelus® (p ≤ 0.05). On other hand there was no any statistically significant difference between BiodentineTM and MTA angelus® (p>0.05) with more leakage in dual chamber whereas bacterial penetration into the dentinal tubules in CLSM was measured. Conclusions: EndoSequence showed better results in both bacterial leakage and in bacterial penetration.

Torsional Resistance of Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Instruments under Different Temperature Conditions.

This study compared the torsional resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments under different temperature conditions. Four thermomechanically treated single-use NiTi rotary instruments were selected for this study: OneShape (OS), OneCurve (OC), WaveOne Gold (WOG) and HyFlex EDM (HFE). Each instrument was further subdivided by temperature into 2 subgroups. Maximum torque and the distortion angle until fracture occurred were evaluated. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis was performed to measure the phase transformation temperature. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way ANOVA and t-test (p < 0.05). Fractured fragments were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The two-way ANOVA showed no significant differences for different temperature conditions. At both room (RT) and body temperature (BT), OS was predominantly austenite while HFE was martensite. OC and WOG were predominantly martensite at RT and mixed phase at BT. At BT, more than half of WOG was martensite, while half of OC was austenite. SEM examination showed no topographical differences between instruments in different temperature groups. In relation to a limitation of this study, there was no difference in torsional resistance of NiTi rotary instruments between the BT and RT conditions. This implies that clinicians do not need to consider a decrease of torsional resistance of heat-treated NiTi instruments at BT.

Principles of techniques for cleaning root canals

Chemomechanical root canal preparation involves both mechanical instrumentation and antibacterial irrigation, and is aimed primarily at removing microorganisms from the root canal system. For this essential step of root canal therapy, a number of devices and procedures have been developed and described. Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary devices have been a standard in clinical endodontics since their debut in 1988 because of their excellent ability to form root canals with possibly fewer procedural problems. Basic metallurgy of the alloy, including fracture processes and their relevance to canal anatomy, is required for safe clinical use of NiTi devices. This study examines the biological principles of root canal preparation, with a focus on the proper use of contemporary rotary NiTi instrumentation techniques and systems. The role and properties of contemporary root canal irrigants is also discussed.

Current trends in endodontic practice, adaptation to new technologies and attitude of dental practitioners towards endodontic standards in Sri Lanka

Objectives: The study were to describe the current endodontic practices among the dental surgeons in Sri Lanka, and to determine the association between years of practice and choice of endodontic materials and equipment. Materials and Methods: A postal survey was conducted to assess the current trends in endodontic practice, adaptation to new technologies and attitude of dental practitioners towards endodontic standards in Sri Lanka. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Results and Discussion: The total response rate was 38.75%.Most of the respondents were females (58.5%), with only a bachelor degree (63.9%) and practicing in the government hospitals (80.4%).The majority preferred to complete endodontic treatment within 3 appointments. Low level of rubber dam use was a striking feature noted. Most of them used manual instruments manipulated with a filing technique. A high percentage (MWP-63.2% PP- 61.3%) used tactile sensation as a method of working length determination and only a few (MWP-21.8% PP-32.8%) used apex locators. The first choice of root canal irrigant was sodium hypochlorite (MWP-76.4% PP-80.4%). The most popular obturation technique was cold lateral condensation in the MWP as 57.7% and 58.3% in the PP. The majority seem to overuse antibiotics.None of the respondents in the PP used endodontic microscopes but 12.3% used intraoral cameras. There was a significant correlation (p<0.05) between using rubber dam in the MWP and using Ni-Ti rotary instruments, using K files, performing step-back technique, using sodium hypochlorite root canal irrigant in the PP, with years of professional activity. Conclusion : The results of this study shows that the standard guidelines and new technologies for endodontic treatment are not implemented by many practitioners of Sri Lanka and the importance of continuing dental education for practitioners to update their knowledge. Keywords ­ Attitude, Dental Surgeons, Endodontology, Guidelines